CN114436403B - Method for improving water quality purifying capacity of grass type shallow lake wetland based on harvesting submerged plants - Google Patents

Method for improving water quality purifying capacity of grass type shallow lake wetland based on harvesting submerged plants Download PDF

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CN114436403B
CN114436403B CN202210082726.9A CN202210082726A CN114436403B CN 114436403 B CN114436403 B CN 114436403B CN 202210082726 A CN202210082726 A CN 202210082726A CN 114436403 B CN114436403 B CN 114436403B
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harvesting
grading
season
plants
water quality
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CN114436403A (en
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张盼月
杨志斌
陈乐�
蔡雅静
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Beijing Forestry University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving water quality purifying capacity of grass type shallow lake wetland based on harvesting submerged plants, which comprises the following steps: s1, investigating the condition of a wetland environment; s2, scoring environmental indexes: grading and grading the wetland water quality, the cold-season submerged plant planting density and the warm-season submerged plant planting density according to the corresponding grading rules; s3, harvesting intensity calculation: taking the environmental index score as an input item, and calculating corresponding harvesting strength through a harvesting strength decision model; s4, executing a harvesting plan: and respectively harvesting the cold-season submerged plant and the warm-season submerged plant according to the calculated result of the harvesting strength. The invention can calculate the harvesting strength of the corresponding cold/warm season submerged plants under different application situations through the harvesting strength determination model, and can improve the water quality purifying capacity of the aquatic plants in different climatic periods through direct harvesting management of the aquatic plants, thereby achieving the purpose of in-situ restoration of polluted water bodies.

Description

Method for improving water quality purifying capacity of grass type shallow lake wetland based on harvesting submerged plants
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biological treatment of pollutants, and mainly relates to a method for improving water quality purifying capacity of grass-type shallow lake wetland based on reaping submerged plants.
Background
In grass-type shallow lake wetlands, submerged plants occupy most of the water from the bottom to the surface of the wetland, and contribute significantly to the material circulation and energy flow of the water ecosystem. However, overgrowth of submerged plants can also cause serious problems to the water ecosystem, such as affecting the landscape function of the lake wetland, impeding the flow of water, even secondary pollution of water caused by self-decay, etc.
Currently, there are a number of patents for remediation of contaminated water by planting or managing aquatic plants. For example, CN101164916B proposes a method for treating a polluted water body by using a floating plant, duckweed, wherein the duckweed, the mixedly-cultivated water hyacinth and the water hyacinth occupy 70-90% of the water surface, and nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in the water body are removed by absorption, adsorption and bioconversion. CN111606421a effectively solves the problems of difficult operation of the near-natural wetland in cold seasons and growth of crops in the year by establishing an aquatic plant purification system with alternation of cold seasons and warm seasons, and improves the water quality of the near-natural wetland. CN102249421a achieves the purpose of repairing eutrophic lakes by adjusting the area ratio of reed covered grass type lake water body and utilizing the purifying and transpiration effects of reed. WO/2008/081554 proposes to create floating islands on the water surface, improving the quality of eutrophic and contaminated water by comprehensively utilizing the repair functions of aquatic plants and microorganisms. However, the existing method for treating the polluted water body by utilizing the aquatic plant restoration technology is mostly focused on aspects of aquatic plant selection, planting and culturing modes and the like, and has the problems of single season, overlarge investment of manpower and material resources cost, large planting implementation difficulty and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a method for improving the water quality purifying capacity of grass type shallow lake wetland based on harvesting submerged plants. The aim of the invention is realized in the following way: a method for improving the water quality purifying capacity of grass type shallow lake wetland based on harvesting submerged plants comprises the following steps:
s1, investigating the condition of a wetland environment: investigating submerged plants and wetland water samples in grass-type shallow lake wetland, and determining the types, planting densities and water quality conditions of the submerged plants in cold/warm seasons;
s2, scoring environmental indexes: grading and grading the wetland water quality according to a grading and grading rule of the wetland water quality, wherein the grading and grading rule of the wetland water quality is as follows: (1) the wetland water quality is surface water quality class III water and 0 percent; (2) the water quality of the growing environment is 1 minute of the IV-V class water quality of the surface water; (3) the water quality of the growing environment is 3 minutes below the V-class water of the surface water quality. Grading and grading the planting density of the cold-season submerged plants according to grading and grading rules of the planting density of the cold-season submerged plants, wherein the grading and grading rules of the planting density of the cold-season submerged plants are as follows: (1) the plant density is 0-100 plants/m 2 0 point and (2) plant density of 100-400 plants/m 2 Counting 2 points, wherein (3) the plant density is more than 400 plants/m 2 Count 4 minutes. Grading rules of the planting density of the warm-season type submerged plants are that: (1) the plant density is 0-120 plants/m 2 Counting 0 min, wherein (2) the plant density is 120-500 plants/m 2 Counting 2 points, wherein (3) the plant density is more than 500 plants/m 2 Count 4 minutes.
S3, harvesting intensity calculation: and calculating corresponding harvesting strength by taking the environmental index score as an input item through a harvesting strength decision model, wherein the harvesting strength decision formula is as follows:
wherein P is the harvesting strength; a is the wetland water quality score; b is the planting density score of the cold/warm season type submerged plants; k (K) (B-A) If B-A is more than or equal to 3, K is ase:Sub>A variable (B-A) =2; if 3 is more than B-A is more than or equal to-1, K is (B-A) =1; if B-A is < -1, K (B-A) =0;H (B-A) If B-A is greater than 0, H is (B-A) =3; if B-A is less than or equal to 0, H (B-A) =1;I (A≠B-1) For illustrative variable I, if A+.B-1 holds, I (A≠B-1) When A is not equal to B-1, I (A≠B-1) =0;I (A=B-1) For illustrative variant II, if A=B-1 holds, then I (A=B-1) When a=b-1 does not hold =1, I (A=B-1) =0;S (B) For preset harvesting strength, if S (B) When b=0, no harvesting is performed; if S (B) When b=2, presetting harvesting strength for warm-season submerged plants to be 50% of plant height, wherein the harvesting frequency is 2 times of harvesting in the whole growth period; the harvesting strength is preset to be 25% of the plant height for the cold-season submerged plants, and the harvesting frequency is 1 time in the whole growth period; if S (B) When b=4, presetting harvesting strength for warm-season submerged plants to be 75% of plant height, wherein harvesting frequency is 4 times in the whole growth period; the harvesting strength is preset for the cold-season submerged plants to be 50% of the plant height, and the harvesting frequency is 2 times of harvesting in the whole growth period.
S4, executing a harvesting plan: and respectively harvesting the cold-season submerged plant and the warm-season submerged plant according to the calculated result of the harvesting strength.
The invention can calculate the harvesting strength of the corresponding cold/warm season submerged plants under different application situations through the harvesting strength determination model, and can improve the water quality purifying capacity of the aquatic plants in different climatic periods through direct harvesting management of the aquatic plants, thereby achieving the purpose of in-situ restoration of polluted water bodies.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for improving the water purification capacity of grass type shallow lake wetland based on harvesting submerged plants;
Detailed Description
The patent embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. A method for improving the water quality purifying capacity of grass type shallow lake wetland based on harvesting submerged plants comprises the following steps:
s1, investigating the condition of a wetland environment: investigating submerged plants and wetland water samples in grass-type shallow lake wetland, and determining the types, planting densities and water quality conditions of the submerged plants in cold/warm seasons;
s2, scoring environmental indexes: grading and grading according to wetland water qualityGrading and grading the wetland water quality according to rules, wherein the grading and grading rules of the wetland water quality are as follows: (1) the wetland water quality is surface water quality class III water and 0 percent; (2) the water quality of the growing environment is 1 minute of the IV-V class water quality of the surface water; (3) the water quality of the growing environment is 3 minutes below the V-class water of the surface water quality. Grading and grading the planting density of the cold-season submerged plants according to grading and grading rules of the planting density of the cold-season submerged plants, wherein the grading and grading rules of the planting density of the cold-season submerged plants are as follows: (1) the plant density is 0-100 plants/m 2 0 point and (2) plant density of 100-400 plants/m 2 Counting 2 points, wherein (3) the plant density is more than 400 plants/m 2 Count 4 minutes. Grading rules of the planting density of the warm-season type submerged plants are that: (1) the plant density is 0-120 plants/m 2 Counting 0 min, wherein (2) the plant density is 120-500 plants/m 2 Counting 2 points, wherein (3) the plant density is more than 500 plants/m 2 Count 4 minutes.
S3, harvesting intensity calculation: and calculating corresponding harvesting strength by taking the environmental index score as an input item through a harvesting strength decision model, wherein the harvesting strength decision formula is as follows:
wherein P is the harvesting strength; a is the wetland water quality score; b is the planting density score of the cold/warm season type submerged plants; k (K) (B-A) If B-A is more than or equal to 3, K is ase:Sub>A variable (B-A) =2; if 3 is more than B-A is more than or equal to-1, K is (B-A) =1; if B-A is < -1, K (B-A) =0;H (B-A) If B-A is greater than 0, H is (B-A) =3; if B-A is less than or equal to 0, H (B-A) =1;I (A≠B-1) For illustrative variable I, if A+.B-1 holds, I (A≠B-1) When A is not equal to B-1, I (A≠B-1) =0;I (A=B-1) For illustrative variant II, if A=B-1 holds, then I (A=B-1) When a=b-1 does not hold =1, I (A=B-1) =0;S (B) For preset harvesting strength, if S (B) When b=0, no harvesting is performed; if S (B) When b=2, presetting harvesting strength for warm-season submerged plants to be 50% of plant height, wherein the harvesting frequency is 2 times of harvesting in the whole growth period; the harvesting strength is preset to be 25% of the plant height for the cold-season submerged plants, and the harvesting frequency is 1 time in the whole growth period; if S (B) When b=4, presetting harvesting strength for warm-season submerged plants to be 75% of plant height, wherein harvesting frequency is 4 times in the whole growth period; the harvesting strength is preset for the cold-season submerged plants to be 50% of the plant height, and the harvesting frequency is 2 times of harvesting in the whole growth period.
S4, executing a harvesting plan: and respectively harvesting the cold-season submerged plant and the warm-season submerged plant according to the calculated result of the harvesting strength.
The following examples or embodiments are intended to further illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, but not to limit the invention.
Example 1:
in order to improve the purification capability of a grass type shallow lake wetland, the COD value of the grass type shallow lake wetland is 28mg/L and NH4 is obtained through sampling investigation + -N content 1.5mg/L, TN content 1.2mg/L, TP content 0.25mg/L, and grade IV water according to surface water quality grade; according to sampling investigation, the average density of the warm season submerged plants (such as black algae and the like) in the region is 670 plants/m 2 Cold season type submerged plant (such as Potamogeton crispus) with density of 330 plants/m 2
The grass type shallow lake wetland water quality is scored according to the grading scoring rule of the wetland water quality ((1) the wetland water quality is surface water quality III class water and 0 score above, (2) the growth environment water quality is surface water quality IV-V class water and 1 score, and (3) the growth environment water quality is surface water quality V class water and 3 score below) and A=1. Grading and grading according to the planting density of the submerged plants in the cold season, wherein the density of the plants is 0-100 plants/m 2 0 point and (2) plant density of 100-400 plants/m 2 Counting 2 points, wherein (3) the plant density is more than 400 plants/m 2 Score 4 min) score the planting density of the cold-season submerged plants, B Cold water =2. Grading score rule according to warm season type submerged plant planting density ((1) plant density of 0-120 plants/m) 2 Counting 0 min, wherein (2) the plant density is 120-500 plants/m 2 Counting 2 points, wherein (3) the plant density is more than 500 plants/m 2 Score 4), grading and grading the planting density of the submerged plants in warm seasons, B Heating device =4。
And respectively calculating the harvesting strength of the cold-season submerged plant and the warm-season submerged plant through the harvesting strength determining model. Calculating to obtain P Cold water =S (2) Wherein, the harvesting strength S is preset for the cold-season submerged plant (2) The harvesting frequency is 1 time in the whole growth period for harvesting 25% of the plant height, so that the harvesting strength of the cold-season submerged plants in the grass type shallow lake wetland is 25% of the plant height, and the harvesting frequency is 1 time in the whole growth period. In addition, calculate P Heating device =0.67S (4) Wherein, the harvesting strength S is preset for warm-season submerged plants (4) For harvesting 75% of plant height, the harvesting frequency is 4 times in the whole growth period, so that the harvesting strength of the warm-season submerged plants in the grass-type shallow lake wetland is 50% of the plant height, and the harvesting frequency is 4 times in the whole growth period.

Claims (2)

1. A method for improving water quality purifying capacity of grass type shallow lake wetland based on harvesting submerged plants is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, investigating the condition of a wetland environment: investigating submerged plants and wetland water samples in grass-type shallow lake wetland, and determining the types, planting densities and water quality conditions of the submerged plants in cold/warm seasons;
s2, scoring environmental indexes:
grading and grading the wetland water quality according to the grading and grading rule of the wetland water quality; the grading and grading rule of the wetland water quality is as follows: (1) the wetland water quality is surface water quality class III water and 0 percent; (2) the water quality of the growing environment is 1 minute of the IV-V class water quality of the surface water; (3) the water quality of the growing environment is 3 minutes below the V-class water of the surface water quality;
grading and grading the cold-season submerged plant according to the planting density grading and grading rule of the cold-season submerged plantGrading and grading the planting density of the species; the grading and scoring rule of the planting density of the cold-season submerged plants is as follows: (1) the plant density is 0-100 plants/m 2 0 point and (2) plant density of 100-400 plants/m 2 Counting 2 points, wherein (3) the plant density is more than 400 plants/m 2 Counting 4 minutes;
grading and grading the planting density of the warm-season submerged plants according to the grading and grading rule of the planting density of the warm-season submerged plants; the grading rule of the planting density of the warm season type submerged plant is as follows: (1) the plant density is 0-120 plants/m 2 Counting 0 min, wherein (2) the plant density is 120-500 plants/m 2 Counting 2 points, wherein (3) the plant density is more than 500 plants/m 2 Counting 4 minutes;
s3, harvesting intensity calculation: and calculating corresponding harvesting strength by taking the environmental index score as an input item through a harvesting strength decision model, wherein the harvesting strength decision formula is as follows:
wherein P is the harvesting strength; a is the wetland water quality score; b is the planting density score of the cold/warm season type submerged plants; k (K) (B-A) If B-A is more than or equal to 3, K is ase:Sub>A variable (B-A) =2; if 3 is more than B-A is more than or equal to-1, K is (B-A) =1; if B-A is < -1, K (B-A) =0;H (B-A) If B-A is greater than 0, H is (B-A) =3; if B-A is less than or equal to 0, H (B-A) =1;I (A≠B-1) For illustrative variable I, if A+.B-1 holds, I (A≠B-1) When A is not equal to B-1, I (A≠B-1) =0;I (A=B-1) For illustrative variant II, if A=B-1 holds, then I (A=B-1) When a=b-1 does not hold =1, I (A=B-1) =0;S (B) The harvesting strength is preset;
s4, executing a harvesting plan: and respectively harvesting the cold-season submerged plant and the warm-season submerged plant according to the calculated result of the harvesting strength.
2. According to claim 1The method for improving the water quality purifying capacity of the grass type shallow lake wetland based on harvesting submerged plants is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s3 is a preset harvesting strength S (B) If S (B) When b=0, no harvesting is performed; if S (B) When b=2, presetting harvesting strength for warm-season submerged plants to be 50% of plant height, wherein the harvesting frequency is 2 times of harvesting in the whole growth period; the harvesting strength is preset to be 25% of the plant height for the cold-season submerged plants, and the harvesting frequency is 1 time in the whole growth period; if S (B) When b=4, presetting harvesting strength for warm-season submerged plants to be 75% of plant height, wherein harvesting frequency is 4 times in the whole growth period; the harvesting strength is preset for the cold-season submerged plants to be 50% of the plant height, and the harvesting frequency is 2 times of harvesting in the whole growth period.
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