CN112514737A - Method for restoring water environment pollution by using mycorrhizal plant and dominant microorganisms - Google Patents
Method for restoring water environment pollution by using mycorrhizal plant and dominant microorganisms Download PDFInfo
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- CN112514737A CN112514737A CN202011423421.7A CN202011423421A CN112514737A CN 112514737 A CN112514737 A CN 112514737A CN 202011423421 A CN202011423421 A CN 202011423421A CN 112514737 A CN112514737 A CN 112514737A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/10—Mycorrhiza; Mycorrhizal associations
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/347—Use of yeasts or fungi
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of water environment treatment, in particular to a method for restoring water environment pollution by utilizing mycorrhizal plants and dominant microorganisms, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent; (2) inoculating an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent to the aquatic plant; (3) transplanting mycorrhizal plants to the built ecological floating bed; (4) adding the dominant microbial agent into a water area to be treated; (5) the water environment pollution is treated and restored by combining the mycorrhizal ecological floating bed with dominant microorganisms. The method can effectively treat water pollution, has low cost and does not produce secondary pollution; the problem that a plurality of existing aquatic plants cannot be effectively infected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under the flooding condition can be solved; the aquatic plant root system can provide an attached place, nutrient substances and oxygen for dominant microorganisms, and promotes the degradation of the microorganisms to pollutants; the pollution remediation efficiency of the ecological floating bed system can be improved by combining the mycorrhizal aquatic plants and the dominant microorganisms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water environment treatment, in particular to a method for restoring water environment pollution by utilizing mycorrhizal plants and dominant microorganisms.
Background
Along with the development of economy and society, water environmental pollution is more and more prominent, a large amount of pollutants enter a water body, and microorganisms in the water body propagate in a large amount to cause the water body to be anaerobic and become black and smelly, so that aquatic animals die, the water body ecosystem is damaged, the daily life of people is seriously influenced, and the treatment of water pollution is not slow. The major repair methods currently include physical repair, chemical repair, biological repair, and some combination of processes. Physical repair and chemical repair not only have higher treatment cost, but also can cause secondary pollution. Biological repair: the biological main repair comprises phytoremediation and microbial repair, and compared with physical and chemical repair, the biological repair has lower cost and can be sustained without causing secondary pollution.
Arbuscular mycorrhiza is an ancient symbiotic structure and can form a symbiotic structure with plants. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are capable of promoting plant growth; the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can improve the stress resistance of plants; arbuscular mycorrhiza is generally widely found in terrestrial plants. Later scholars find arbuscular mycorrhiza in wetland plants, the arbuscular mycorrhiza can promote the growth of the plants and improve the absorption of the plants on mineral nutrients, particularly phosphorus, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can obtain more phosphorus elements from the environment, and when the phosphorus in the environment is low and cannot be obtained by nonmycorrhizal plants, the mycorrhizal plants can still absorb the phosphorus from the environment. Other methods with too low a phosphorus content in water environment have greater difficulty in remediation. Therefore, the research on how to apply the mycorrhizal plants to water body restoration has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the method for restoring the water environment pollution by combining the mycorrhizal plants with the dominant microorganisms, the method can effectively treat the water pollution, is low in cost, environment-friendly and free of secondary pollution, can solve the problem that some aquatic plants cannot be effectively infected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under a flooding condition, increases the resistance of the aquatic plants, promotes the growth of the plants, can provide attached places, nutrient substances and oxygen for the dominant microorganisms through the huge root systems of the aquatic plants, and can promote the growth and the propagation of the dominant microorganisms, thereby promoting the degradation of the pollution by the microorganisms. The aquatic mycorrhizal plant combined dominant microorganisms can improve the pollution remediation efficiency of the ecological floating bed system.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for remedying water environment pollution by utilizing mycorrhizal plants and dominant microorganisms comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent;
(2) inoculating the prepared arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant to aquatic plants to obtain mycorrhizal plants infected by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant;
(3) transplanting mycorrhizal plants to the built ecological floating bed to obtain the mycorrhizal ecological floating bed;
(4) adding a dominant microbial agent into a water area to be treated;
(5) the water environment pollution is treated and restored by combining the mycorrhizal ecological floating bed with dominant microorganisms.
The method uses mycorrhizal plants in the ecological floating bed to treat the black and odorous water body in combination with the dominant microorganisms, inoculates arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the terrestrial environment, transplants the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to the ecological floating bed, and improves the efficiency of the ecological floating bed in repairing the polluted water body by depending on the characteristics of the mycorrhizal plants and the promotion effect of the plants on the degradation and pollution of the dominant microorganisms. The ecological floating bed provided by the invention adopts the combination of plants, dominant microorganisms and the floating bed to restore the polluted water body. The root system of the floating bed plant not only absorbs and adsorbs N, p in the water body, but also provides an attachment place for the growth of microorganisms. Arbuscular mycorrhiza can promote the growth of aquatic plants and improve the stress resistance, the mycorrhizal plants can grow better in polluted water environment and have a more developed root system, so that more pollutants are absorbed, and more attachment places and nutrient substances are provided for microorganisms so as to promote the growth and the propagation of dominant microorganisms; the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can promote the plants to absorb phosphorus, and when the phosphorus content in the water body is low, the non-mycorrhizal plants cannot be absorbed and utilized, and the mycorrhizal plants can still be absorbed and utilized, so that the phosphorus content in the water body is further reduced. And the mycorrhizal plants can be used in not only newly-built restoration projects, but also projects with unsatisfactory removal effect and poor floating bed plant growth in operation, and only the floating bed plants need to be replaced by the mycorrhizal plants.
Further, in the step (1), the step of preparing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent comprises the following steps:
a1, selecting arbuscular mycorrhizal strains according to the selected aquatic plants, wherein the aquatic plants and the selected arbuscular mycorrhizal strains can form a high infection rate;
a2, preparing a propagation culture medium;
a3, cultivating aseptic seedlings of host plants;
a4, inoculating the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant to the aseptic seedlings of the host plants;
a5, detecting the infection rate of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant on host plants, and preparing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant according to the infection rate;
wherein the steps (A2) - (A3) can be performed simultaneously or in reverse order.
The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant is prepared by sampling rhizosphere soil of plant roots which are arbuscular mycorrhiza or is obtained by other methods in the prior art.
Further, the step a2 is specifically: uniformly mixing river sand, vermiculite and perlite according to the mass ratio of 2.5-3.5:1.5-2.5:1, preparing a propagation expanding culture medium, sterilizing, taking out, and air-drying for later use.
Further, the step a3 is specifically: selecting corn seeds, soaking the corn seeds in sterile water, then sterilizing the corn seeds, putting the corn seeds into a culture dish padded with wet filter paper, putting the corn seeds into a light incubator for culture, and selecting germinated corn seedlings for later use.
Further, the step a4 is specifically: mixing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant with the propagation culture medium, supplementing nutrient solution and culturing the host plant seedlings.
Further, the step a5 is specifically: selecting roots of host plants to determine the mycorrhizal infection rate and a culture medium matrix to determine the number of spores, cutting the roots into pieces, uniformly mixing the cut roots with the culture medium matrix, airing to prepare the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent, and storing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent in refrigeration equipment for later use.
Further, in the step (1), the arbuscular mycorrhizal species is at least one of monitopsis and glomus versicolor.
Further, in the step (2), the step of inoculating the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent to the aquatic plant comprises: preparing an aquatic plant aseptic seedling, preparing an inoculation culture medium, inoculating an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent to the aquatic plant, culturing by adopting a Hoagland nutrient solution and sterile water, and then measuring the infection rate of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to the aquatic plant.
Further, in the step (2), the aquatic plant is at least one of canna, redroot flower, reed and droughhaired bevel.
Further, in the step (3), mycorrhizal plants with the impregnation rate of more than 30% are taken and transplanted to the built ecological floating bed, so that the mycorrhizal ecological floating bed is obtained.
Further, in the step (4), the dominant microbial agent is a black odorous water treatment microbial agent. The black odorous water treatment microbial inoculum comprises but is not limited to immobilized microorganism particles for black odorous water treatment, which is the invention patent with the application publication number of CN 110182968.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can effectively infect aquatic plants such as canna, and the like, can be symbiotic with the aquatic plants, can improve mineral nutrition of the aquatic plants, and can obviously improve biomass of the aquatic plants.
(2) The mycorrhizal plants can promote the growth of plants and improve the stress resistance of the plants, a plurality of aquatic plants grow poorly or even cannot survive in a water polluted environment, and the arbuscular mycorrhiza can improve the adaptability of the plants and promote the growth of the plants in the polluted environment.
(3) The mycorrhizal plant root system can provide ecological niches, nutrient substances and oxygen for the dominant microorganisms to promote the absorption and degradation of the dominant microorganisms to pollution, so that the remediation effect is improved; the pollution remediation efficiency of the ecological floating bed system can be improved by combining the mycorrhizal aquatic plants and the dominant microorganisms.
(4) The invention is economical and practical, is an environment-friendly ecological restoration method, can overcome some defects of the traditional ecological floating bed, improves the restoration efficiency of the floating bed to water pollution, has good restoration effect and has wider application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the hyphae and spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the root system of canna in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a linear graph showing the time-dependent change of TN concentration when the AMF and CK groups are used for treating water polluted environment in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a linear graph showing the change of COD concentration with time in the case of treating the water polluted environment with AMF group and CK group in example 2, respectively;
FIG. 4 is a linear graph showing the time-dependent changes in NH3-N concentration when the water polluted environment was treated by AMF group and CK group in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a linear graph showing the time-dependent changes in TP concentration when the water polluted environment was treated with AMF and CK in example 2.
Detailed Description
For the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying fig. 1, and the description of the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method for remediating an aquatic environment pollution by using a mycorrhizal plant in combination with a dominant microorganism comprises the steps of:
(1) preparing an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent;
(2) inoculating the prepared arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant to aquatic plants to obtain mycorrhizal plants infected by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant;
(3) transplanting mycorrhizal plants to the built ecological floating bed to obtain the mycorrhizal ecological floating bed;
(4) adding a dominant microbial agent into a water area to be treated;
(5) the water environment pollution is treated and restored by combining the mycorrhizal ecological floating bed with dominant microorganisms.
Further, in the step (1), the step of preparing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent comprises the following steps:
a1, selecting arbuscular mycorrhizal strains according to the selected aquatic plants, wherein the aquatic plants and the selected arbuscular mycorrhizal strains can form a high infection rate;
a2, preparing a propagation culture medium;
a3, cultivating aseptic seedlings of host plants;
a4, inoculating the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant to the aseptic seedlings of the host plants;
a5, detecting the infection rate of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on host plants, and preparing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum according to the infection rate;
wherein the steps (A2) - (A3) can be performed simultaneously or in reverse order.
Further, the step a2 is specifically: uniformly mixing river sand, vermiculite and perlite according to the mass ratio of 2.5-3.5:1.5-2.5:1 to prepare a propagation expanding culture medium, placing the propagation expanding culture medium in an autoclave for sterilization at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 110min-150min, taking out and air-drying for later use.
Further, the step a3 is specifically: selecting full corn seeds, soaking the corn seeds in sterile water, sterilizing the corn seeds, putting the corn seeds into a culture dish padded with wet filter paper, putting the corn seeds into a light incubator for culture, and selecting the corn seedlings with the budding length of about 2cm for later use.
Further, in the step A3, adding a proper amount of seeds into sterile water for soaking for 4 hours, sterilizing with 70% ethanol for 30-60s, pouring the ethanol into a waste liquid tank, adding the sterile water, slightly shaking, and cleaning for 1-2 min; pouring 9-13% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) into a beaker, sterilizing for 8-15min, and shaking the beaker at intervals to make the seeds fully contact with the disinfectant; pouring sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) solution into a waste liquid tank, adding sterile water, gently shaking, cleaning for 3-4min, and repeating the steps for 3-4 times; placing the seeds in a culture dish filled with wet filter paper, placing the seeds in a constant temperature incubator at 22-26 ℃ for culture, and supplementing sterile water according to the situation to keep the filter paper moist until sprouting.
Further, the step a4 is specifically: mixing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant with the propagation culture medium, supplementing nutrient solution and culturing the host plant seedlings. The nutrient solution is Hoagland nutrient solution.
Further, the step a5 is specifically: selecting roots of host plants to determine the mycorrhizal infection rate and a culture medium matrix to determine the number of spores, cutting the roots into pieces, uniformly mixing the cut roots with the culture medium matrix to prepare the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent, airing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent, and storing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent in a freezing device for later use.
Further, in the step (1), the arbuscular mycorrhizal species is at least one of monitopsis and glomus versicolor.
Further, in the step (2), the step of inoculating the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent to the aquatic plant comprises: preparing the aquatic plant aseptic seedling, culturing by using an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent and aseptic water, and then measuring the infection rate of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to the aquatic plant.
Further, in the step (2), the aquatic plant is at least one of canna, redroot flower, reed and droughhaired bevel.
Further, in the step (3), mycorrhizal plants with the impregnation rate of more than 30% are taken and transplanted to the built ecological floating bed, so that the mycorrhizal ecological floating bed is obtained.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a method for remedying water environmental pollution by using mycorrhizal plants in combination with dominant microorganisms includes the following steps:
(1) preparing an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent;
(2) inoculating the prepared arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant to aquatic plants to obtain mycorrhizal plants infected by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant;
(3) transplanting mycorrhizal plants to the built ecological floating bed to obtain the mycorrhizal ecological floating bed;
(4) the dominant microbial agent is added into a water area to be treated;
(5) the water environment pollution is treated and restored by adopting the mycorrhiza ecological floating bed.
Further, in the step (1), the step of preparing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent comprises the following steps:
a1, selecting arbuscular mycorrhizal strains according to the selected aquatic plants, wherein the aquatic plants and the selected arbuscular mycorrhizal strains can form a high infection rate; the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi adopted in the embodiment is Sclerotium moxidense, and arbuscular mycorrhizal strains with high infection rate can be selected according to different aquatic plants.
A2, preparing a propagation culture medium: uniformly mixing river sand, vermiculite and perlite according to the mass ratio of 2.5-3.5:1.5-2.5:1 to prepare a propagation expanding culture medium, placing the propagation expanding culture medium in an autoclave for sterilization, taking out the propagation expanding culture medium, and air-drying the propagation expanding culture medium for later use.
A3, cultivating the aseptic seedlings of the host plants:
cleaning hands, operating in a super clean bench, taking a proper amount of seeds, adding sterile water into a 100mL beaker, soaking for 4h, sterilizing with 70% ethanol for 45s, pouring the ethanol into a waste liquid tank, adding sterile water, gently shaking, and cleaning for 2 min;
pouring 10% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) into a beaker, sterilizing for 10min, and shaking the beaker at intervals to make the seeds fully contact with the disinfectant; pouring sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) solution into a waste liquid tank, adding sterile water, gently shaking, cleaning for 4min, and repeating the steps for 3 times;
the seeds are placed in a culture dish filled with wet filter paper and are placed in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ for culture, and sterile water is supplemented according to circumstances to keep the filter paper moist until sprouting.
A4, inoculating the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant to the aseptic seedlings of the host plants:
sterilizing a flowerpot by using 75% alcohol, then airing, adding 4kg of sterilized culture medium into the flowerpot, adding 20g of microbial inoculum, uniformly mixing, then spreading 60g of microbial inoculum on the surface, finally covering 1kg of culture medium on the germinated corn seeds, completely pouring the culture medium by using sterile water, pouring 100mL of Hoagland nutrient solution, pouring 150mL of nutrient solution every four days in the previous month, pouring a proper amount of sterile water according to the humidity of the culture medium, pouring 300mL of nutrient solution every four days in the next month, and adding water according to the humidity of the culture medium.
A5, detecting the infection rate of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant on host plants, and preparing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant according to the infection rate:
harvesting strains: pulling a corn plant from a culture medium, collecting part of the finer root system for measuring the infection rate of mycorrhiza, and after two months of inoculation culture, the infection rate of the arbuscular mycorrhiza on the root system of the corn is more than 80%; determining the number of spores in the culture medium to be more than or equal to 8/g by a wet sieve method; and (4) airing the culture medium and the root system remained in the culture medium, and cutting the root system for later use.
The method for determining the infection rate of mycorrhiza infection by adopting an acetic acid ink dyeing method comprises the following steps: (S1) fixing: cleaning the collected fresh root system, and fixing the mycorrhiza structure for 24 hours by using FAA fixing liquid; (S1) transparency: putting the root sample in 20% KOH solution, and performing water bath at 60 ℃ for transparency for 60 min; (S3) staining: dyeing with 5% acetic acid ink dyeing solution (5% glacial acetic acid 95ml, ink 5ml) in 60 deg.C water bath for 30 min; (S4) decoloring: soaking in clear water for decoloring for more than 12 h; (S5) tabletting: cutting the decolorized root sample into sections of about 2cm by a blade, placing the sections on a glass slide, pressing a cover glass, and flattening the root sample by slight force to disperse root cells as much as possible; (S6) microscopic examination: observing the arbuscular and spore structures of mycorrhiza, recording the infection points, and calculating the infection rate.
Further, in the step (2), the step of inoculating the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent to the aquatic plant comprises: the selected aquatic plant is canna, and the method for growing seedlings of aseptic canna seedlings refers to the step A3; and setting a CK group and an AMF (inoculated culture medium) group, wherein CK is non-inoculated culture, AMF is inoculated culture medium, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are inoculated, and the pot culture is carried out for 40 days under natural illumination. During the period, pot culture management is carried out, and sterile water and Hoagland nutrient solution are periodically poured to ensure that the water content of the pot culture solution is maintained to be about 60 percent of the field water content. The canna infection rate is determined as above, only canna effectively infected by AMF can be used for the subsequent mycorrhizal water ecological floating bed, effective infection is formed only if the infection rate of arbuscular mycorrhiza on aquatic plants is more than 30%, and the infection rate of the arbuscular mycorrhiza inoculated in the embodiment on the canna is up to 70%.
Example 2
The arbuscular mycorrhizal canna inoculated in example 1 was transplanted to an ecological floating bed for performance measurement.
2.1 test materials
Bottom sludge and overlying water: the water is collected to the riverway of the pine mountain lake pine mountain of Dongguan city, and is added by self preparation due to less content of pollutants in the overlying water.
The test device comprises: a transparent plastic barrel with the diameter of 27cm and the height of 32cm is used for self-manufacturing the small ecological floating bed.
Black odorous water treatment microbial inoculum: the black odorous water treatment microbial inoculum independently developed and produced by Guangdong micro-environmental protection biological technology limited company can be added with nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria, phosphorus removing bacteria and the like according to the water quality condition. Further, the black odorous water treatment microbial inoculum is immobilized microorganism particles for black odorous water treatment in example 1 of the invention patent with application publication number CN 110182968. The black odorous water treatment microbial inoculum product is a solid microbial inoculum, and in order to accelerate the restoration effect, the black odorous water treatment microbial inoculum is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: sterile water 1: 25 dissolving, and performing shake culture for 4 h. An aeration device: the aeration device can be added according to the water quality, and the embodiment can not use aeration according to the water quality.
2.2 design of the experiment
And placing the collected bottom mud at the bottom of a transparent plastic barrel, wherein the thickness of the bottom mud is about 5cm, and then adding the bottom mud into the river channel covering water, and the covering water depth is about 25 cm. Then adding activated black odorous water treatment microbial inoculum according to the water volume and 3 t% of the inoculation amount of the microbial inoculum, planting the inoculated canna on an ecological floating bed, collecting water samples for four plants in each barrel every day to measure related indexes, and properly increasing an aeration device according to the content of dissolved oxygen in the overlying water to increase the repair efficiency and relieve the anoxic condition of mycorrhiza under the water flooding condition. And (3) carrying out the test for 9 days, collecting the overground part and the underground part of the plant after the test is finished, determining related indexes, and collecting a small part of fresh root system to determine the mycorrhiza infection rate of the root system. The method is used for restoring water body pollution of rivers and lakes, and can directly replace non-mycorrhizal plants on the ecological floating bed with mycorrhizal plants. Meanwhile, an aeration device can be added according to the water quality condition.
2.3 Effect of the test
2.3.1 Effect of infection Rate
The infection rate of the canna still can reach 50% after the test is finished, which indicates that the infection rate of the AMF on the canna is reduced under the flooding condition, probably because many new root systems germinate, and the AMF and the canna are difficult to form a new mycorrhizal structure under the flooding condition. However, the total infection rate can still reach 50%, which indicates that the formed mycorrhiza structure is not greatly influenced under the water logging condition.
2.3.2 Effect of AMF on contaminant removal from Water
As shown in figures 1-4, the AMF group improves the removal efficiency and effect of the ecological floating bed system on pollutants in water, each pollution index measured by the inoculated AMF group after the test is started is lower than that of the CK group, a large amount of new white roots grow out of the inoculated AMF root system, and the CK is only a small amount. As shown in fig. 1, after the treatment, the concentration of TN in the inoculated AMF group was reduced by 49.58% compared to that in CK water; as shown in fig. 2, after the treatment, the COD concentration in the inoculated AMF group was reduced by 66.91% compared with that in CK water; as shown in FIG. 3, after the treatment, the NH3-N concentration in the water was reduced by 79.46% compared with CK in the AMF group inoculated; after the treatment was complete as shown in FIG. 4, the concentration of TP in the water was 31.88% lower in the AMF-seeded group compared to CK.
The above-described embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention may be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for remedying water environment pollution by utilizing mycorrhizal plants and dominant microorganisms is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent;
(2) inoculating the prepared arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant to aquatic plants to obtain mycorrhizal plants infected by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant;
(3) transplanting mycorrhizal plants to the built ecological floating bed to obtain the mycorrhizal ecological floating bed;
(4) adding a dominant microbial agent into a water area to be treated;
(5) the water environment pollution is treated and restored by combining the mycorrhizal ecological floating bed with dominant microorganisms.
2. The method for remediating polluted water environment using mycorrhizal plants as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the step of preparing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent comprises the following steps:
a1, selecting arbuscular mycorrhizal strains according to the selected aquatic plants, wherein the aquatic plants and the selected arbuscular mycorrhizal strains can form a high infection rate;
a2, preparing a propagation culture medium;
a3, cultivating aseptic seedlings of host plants;
a4, inoculating the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant to the aseptic seedlings of the host plants;
a5, detecting the infection rate of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant on host plants, and preparing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant according to the infection rate;
wherein the steps (A2) - (A3) can be performed simultaneously or in reverse order.
3. The method for remediating polluted water environment using mycorrhizal plants as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the step a2 specifically includes: uniformly mixing river sand, vermiculite and perlite according to the mass ratio of 2.5-3.5:1.5-2.5:1, preparing a propagation expanding culture medium, sterilizing, taking out and drying for later use.
4. The method for remediating polluted water environment using mycorrhizal plants as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the step a3 specifically includes: selecting corn seeds, soaking the corn seeds in sterile water, then sterilizing the corn seeds, putting the corn seeds into a culture dish padded with wet filter paper, putting the corn seeds into a light incubator for culture, and selecting germinated corn seedlings for later use.
5. The method for remediating polluted water environment using mycorrhizal plants as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the step a4 specifically includes: mixing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant with the propagation culture medium, supplementing nutrient solution and culturing the host plant seedlings.
6. The method for remediating polluted water environment using mycorrhizal plants as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the step a5 specifically includes: selecting roots of host plants to determine the mycorrhizal infection rate and a culture medium matrix to determine the number of spores, cutting the roots into pieces, uniformly mixing the cut roots with the culture medium matrix, and airing to obtain the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant.
7. The method for remediating polluted water environment using mycorrhizal plants as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the step of inoculating the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent to the aquatic plant comprises the following steps: preparing an aquatic plant aseptic seedling, inoculating an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent, performing potted culture on the aquatic plant by adopting Hoagland nutrient solution aseptic water, and then measuring the infection rate of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the aquatic plant.
8. The method for remediating polluted water environment using mycorrhizal plants as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and (3) taking the mycorrhizal plants with the impregnation rate of more than 30%, and transplanting the mycorrhizal plants to the built ecological floating bed to obtain the mycorrhizal ecological floating bed.
9. The method for remediating polluted water environment using mycorrhizal plants as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the arbuscular mycorrhizal strain is at least one of Sclerotium morganii and gloiopeltis from the earth.
10. The method for remediating polluted water environment using mycorrhizal plants as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the aquatic plant is at least one of canna, redroot flower, reed and droughhaired bevel grass.
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| CN114180727A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-03-15 | 湖北懿昌能兴生态农业科技有限公司 | Method for degrading pollutants in water by using mycorrhiza-enhanced Louisiana iris |
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