CN105859066B - A kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud - Google Patents
A kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN105859066B CN105859066B CN201610242578.7A CN201610242578A CN105859066B CN 105859066 B CN105859066 B CN 105859066B CN 201610242578 A CN201610242578 A CN 201610242578A CN 105859066 B CN105859066 B CN 105859066B
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 76
- 241001123263 Zostera Species 0.000 claims description 30
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 244000172196 cinnamonspot pondweed Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 25
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical class O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud, the water pollution bed mud is the polluted bed mud of eutrophication serious city river and landscape lake water body, which includes the following steps：(1) according to the major pollutants type and pollutional load of water body, the bed mud activity covering material that grain size is 1~4mm is uniformly added in water body, cladding thickness is 2~6cm；(2) when water quality is obviously improved and transparency rises above the one third depth of water, planting submerged plant is planted into water body；(3) in winter submerged plant recovery is carried out when.The method of the present invention can effectively cut down the discharge of Nitrogen In Sediment and phosphorus, control body eutrophication, and technology implementation process is simple, of low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic ecological restoration technical fields, and in particular to a kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud.
Background technology
With the quickening of China's industrialization and urbanization process, urban rivers and lakes body eutrophication problem getting worse.To the greatest extent
Pipe governmental input substantial contribution comprehensive improvement water environment obtains certain achievement, but water bodies of rivers and lakes eutrophy in terms of limit row, section dirt
Change is asked still especially prominent, has seriously affected people’s lives and production.Nitrogen and phosphorus are the major limitations of body eutrophication
The factor, bed mud are the Yuan Hehui of water bodies of rivers and lakes nitrogen and phosphorus.Therefore, under the conditions of exogenous nitrogen and phosphorus are effectively controlled, bottom is controlled
Mud nitrogen and phosphorus release, are one of the effective measures for solving water bodies of rivers and lakes eutrophication.As it can be seen that seeking economy, the original of continuous and effective
The technology of position control sediment contamination release, is necessary, and urgent.
Control substrate sludge nitrogen and the main method of phosphorus release have dredging method and cladding process in situ at present.Dredging method is applied at home
It is relatively broad, but there are the problem of have：(1) of high cost；(2) the water-bed ecosystem is destroyed；(3) sediments re-suspension causes water body
Pollution；(4) bed mud transport and disposal process cause secondary pollution.Cladding process in situ is the hot spot of current global scholar's research, especially
It quickly grows in Europe, the U.S., Japan, obtains extensive practical application.Cladding process in situ is covered by traditional physics thick-layer
Present reactive layer's covering is developed to, covering material is soverlay technique core in situ, the active covering material side of having solution
Stone, activated carbon, coke, zeolite and its modified product (biozeolite, modified zirconia zeolite, Z2G1, organic salt or inorganic salt modification boiling
Stone) and other mineral materials be matrix modification lock phosphorus product (lanthanum modified alta-mudLock phosphorus agent) isoreactivity
Material.But active material is limited to pollutant adsorbance, will fail to the control of nitrogen phosphorus after adsorption saturation, and technology presence can be held
Continuous property defect, in addition, coating has problem in practical applications by bed mud subordinate cover and the technology.
Submerged plant not only has polluted bed mud and Water and phosphorus cuts down effect well, but also can effectively inhibit
Sediments re-suspension, but submerged plant growth is very high to illumination condition and water transparency requirement, pollutes more serious water body environment
Substantially it is not suitable for submerged plant growth, therefore, when repairing polluted bed mud using submerged plant merely, effect can be by itself
The influence of upgrowth situation and water environment factor.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome prior art defect, a kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud is provided.
The principle of the present invention is as follows：
The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud, the water pollution bed mud be the serious city river of eutrophication and
The polluted bed mud of landscape lake water body, the restorative procedure include the following steps：
(1) according to the major pollutants type and pollutional load of water body, it is 1~4mm's that grain size is uniformly added in water body
Bed mud activity covering material, cladding thickness are 2~6cm, quickly to cut down pollutant burden in water body, improve bottom water body and table
The redox environment of layer bed mud completely cuts off sludge bed mud and delays Nutrient release water quality, improve water quality, it is saturating to improve water body
Lightness provides strong habitat conditions to the illumination compensation depth needed suitable for submerged plant growth for the growth of submerged plant,
Bed mud activity covering material is at least one of natural zeolite, biozeolite, lock phosphorus agent and modified purification plant sludge；
(2) when water quality is obviously improved and transparency rises above the one third depth of water, it is heavy to be planted into water body
Water plant, submerged plant are at least one of eel grass, watermifoil, bog pondweed and black algae, wherein eel grass planting density be 35~
65 plants/m2；Watermifoil planting density be 4~7 buds/clump, 8~10 clumps/m2；Bog pondweed planting density is 25~55 plants/m2；Black algae
Planting density be 8~17 buds/clump, 8~14 clumps/m2；
(3) in winter submerged plant recovery is carried out when.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it if water-bed mud scum is more and loose in water body, first carries out appropriate clear
Bed mud activity covering material is added after silt again.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the depth of water of water body within 3m, using fork planted by submerged plant
Method is planted.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the depth of water of water body is in 3m or more, and submerged plant is using package nonwoven
Cloth throwing method is planted.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the grain size of the bed mud activity covering material is 1~3mm, covering
Thickness is 2~5cm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, eel grass planting density is 40~60 plants/m2；Watermifoil planting density
For 5~6 buds/clump, 9 clumps/m2；Bog pondweed planting density is 30~50 plants/m2；Black algae density in planting be 10~15 buds/clump, 9~12
Clump/m2。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, restorative procedure of the invention is by that by bed mud activity covering material and submerged plant combination, can make up mutual
Deficiency, i.e. bed mud activity covering material quickly improve the redox environment of bottom water body and sediments, completely cut off polluted bed mud
With delay Nutrient release, provide advantageous habitat conditions for submerged plant growth, submerged plant can extend technology it is effective when
Between, it is insufficient to make up the failure of active material soverlay technique later stage.
2, method of the invention can effectively cut down the discharge of Nitrogen In Sediment and phosphorus, control body eutrophication, and technology
Implementation process is simple, of low cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is that experimental verification bed mud activity covering material covering control substrate sludge nitrogen phosphorus is released in the embodiment of the present invention 1
The experimental result picture of effect is put, wherein Fig. 1 is the design sketch of natural zeolite covering control bed mud ammonia nitrogen release, and Fig. 2 is lock phosphorus agent
The design sketch of control bed mud orthophosphates release is covered with purification plant sludge.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the experimental result picture that experimental verification submerged plant cuts down nitrogen phosphorus effect in the embodiment of the present invention 1,
Wherein Fig. 3 is that 4 kinds of submerged plants cut down water body ammonia nitrogen design sketch, and Fig. 4 is that 4 kinds of submerged plants cut down water body orthophosphates effect
Figure.
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is that control is used in combination with submerged plant in experimental verification activity covering material in the embodiment of the present invention 1
The experimental result picture of nitrogen phosphorus releasing effect, wherein Fig. 5 are the variation diagram of ammonia nitrogen concentration in different system overlying water, and Fig. 6 is difference
The variation diagram of orthophosphates concentration in system overlying water.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is further detailed and is described below by way of specific implementation mode.
Embodiment 1
A kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud, the water pollution bed mud be the serious city river of eutrophication and
The polluted bed mud of landscape lake water body, the restorative procedure include the following steps：
(1) according to the major pollutants type and pollutional load of water body, it is that 1~4mm is (excellent that grain size is uniformly added in water body
Select 1~3mm) bed mud activity covering material, cladding thickness be 2~6cm (preferably 2~5cm), polluted with quickly cutting down in water body
Object load improves the redox environment of bottom water body and sediments, completely cuts off sludge bed mud and delays Nutrient release water quality,
Improve water quality, improves water transparency to the illumination compensation depth needed suitable for submerged plant growth, be submerged plant
Growth provides strong habitat conditions, and the bed mud activity covering material of above-mentioned specific grain size not only has absorption effect very well to nitrogen phosphorus
Fruit is conducive to bed mud activity covering material and is adsorbed to nitrogen phosphorus moreover, its coating hydraulic conductivity is moderate, above-mentioned specific
Cladding thickness belongs to thin layer covering, little to river and lake capacity, storage water and effect on flooding after technology is implemented；Bed mud is lived
Property covering material be at least one of natural zeolite, biozeolite, lock phosphorus agent and modified purification plant sludge；
Wherein natural zeolite advantage has large specific surface area, porous, easy to be filmed, can create suitable micro-organisms growth anaerobism,
Facultative and aerobic varying environment has a good exchange capacity to ammonium ion, ammonia nitrogen absorption ability can bio-regeneration, physical chemistry
Performance is stablized, and non-toxic, hydraulics are abundant, cheap, and the place of production is abundant；Biozeolite is will to detach, screen from bed mud
It obtains high-effective microorganism microbial inoculum and forms what biomembrane was prepared on natural zeolite by artificial aeration's oxygenation biofilm method, not only
Has natural zeolite advantage, while energy bio-regeneration zeolite adsorbs ammonia nitrogen ability, it is " dirty that specific preparation process refers to patent of invention
Dye deposition microbic activity multilayer covers restorative procedure " (ZL201110450470.4)；Lock phosphorus agent is lock phosphorus agentIt is
What Australia industrial science research association researched and developed in nineteen ninety, in commercialization in 2002, up to the present, lock phosphorus agent extensive use
In the reservoirs such as Australia, Europe, the U.S., Canada, New Zealand and lake, large-scale application case is more than at 120；Lock phosphorus agent has soon
Fast (in 4h) is cut down in water body also can effectively capture free state phosphorus, LaPO under free state phosphorus, anaerobic state4Pole in its natural state
The characteristics such as its stabilization, hypotoxicity, high settleability, and have the function of to water reoxygenation；Modified purification plant sludge is by by water treatment plant
Dehydrated sludge is prepared by processes such as 400 DEG C of calcining 4h of temperature, Mechanical Crushing, machinery concussion screenings, is not only had to phosphorus
Adsorption effect is repaiied well, and have ammonia nitrogen also to have certain adsorption effect, in addition, not discharging nitrogen and organic matter to water body, solved
Certainly common purification plant sludge discharges nitrogen and organic matter problem to water body.Natural zeolite and biozeolite mainly cut down nitrogen load, lock
Phosphorus agent and modified purification plant sludge mainly cut down phosphorus load, and when application need to be in conjunction with the major pollutants type and pollutional load of water body
The active covering material of the suitable one or more combination of selection；
If water-bed mud scum is more and loose in water body, bed mud activity covering material is added again after first carrying out appropriate dredging, because
Larger for active covering material density, mud scum is more and loose, and bed mud activity covering material is caused to sink in mud scum, and such bed mud is lived
Property covering material mainly control mud scum following Nitrogen In Sediment phosphorus release, for nitrogen phosphorus release control in the seriously polluted mud scum on surface layer
Effect unobvious processed, the unobvious of water quality improvement in a short time, in addition, mud scum is also not suitable for submerged plant fixed growth, therefore
It needs to carry out dredging appropriate to surface layer mud scum；
(2) when water quality is obviously improved and transparency rises above the one third depth of water, it is heavy to be planted into water body
Water plant, submerged plant are at least one of eel grass, watermifoil, bog pondweed and black algae, wherein eel grass planting density be 35~
65 plants/m2；Watermifoil planting density be 4~7 buds/clump, 8~10 clumps/m2；Bog pondweed planting density is 25~55 plants/m2；Black algae
Planting density be 8~17 buds/clump, 8~14 clumps/m2(preferred, eel grass planting density is 40~60 plants/m2；Watermifoil plantation is close
It is 5~6 buds/clump to spend, 9 clumps/m2；Bog pondweed planting density is 30~50 plants/m2；Black algae density in planting be 10~15 buds/clump, 9~
12 clumps/m2)；The depth of water of water body within 3m, using fork planting method planted by submerged plant, and the depth of water of water body is sunk in 3m or more
Water plant is using package non-woven fabrics throwing method plantation；
Wherein, the perennial submerged plant of withered grass, green sprouting, summer are fast growing period, and maximum biomass is generally in September
Part occurs；The perennial submerged plant of watermifoil, spring start to grow, and summer biomass reaches maximum；The perennial heavy water of bog pondweed
Plant, the four seasons are evergreen, blade winter slice shape, summer filament shape, and the four seasons can grow, and flowering fruit bearing stage is in the 8-10 months；Black algae is for many years
Raw submerged plant, adaptable, growth is rapid, can breed in many ways.Mid-July to late August full-bloom stage, the time of infertility
250d or so；Eel grass, watermifoil, bog pondweed, black algae have good removal effect to nitrogen and phosphorus；
(3) when water quality is preferable in winter, transparency is higher, submerged plant recovery is carried out.Because of eel grass, watermifoil, eye
Dish, black phycomycete are that summer or autumn growth are vigorous, and biomass reaches maximum value, is restored more suitable in winter, and winter
Water quality is higher, and water body is transparent higher.
Experimental verification：
In accordance with the above-mentioned steps and technical essential of the embodiment of the present invention 1, respectively with laboratory water distribution and Huaqiao University tall building
Door school district eutrophication egression lake raw water and sediments are research object, carry out laboratory experiment lab scale research.
One, active material covering control substrate sludge nitrogen phosphorus releasing effect
(1) testing program
Experiment carries out in 10L, DN 200mm wide mouth glass bottles；Bed mud weight is about 1.39kg in each bottle, and thickness is about
For 5cm.The coverage strength of covering material is 2kg/m2(weight 63g).Lake water is delayed using siphon principle by plastic flexible pipe
Slow to be added in bottle along bottle wall, overlying water volume is about 8L.
Experiment shares 10 vials, is divided into 4 groups, every group 2 parallel, number 1-4#, wherein and 1# is contradistinction system,
Any material is not covered；2# is that natural zeolite covers system；3# is that water treatment plant's dirt covers system；4# is that lock phosphorus agent covers system.
It tests and is proceeded by May 8th, 2015, June, 12 end of day, lasted 35d；Glass bottle opening is opened wide and (is not controlled
Cover water DO concentration), it places indoors, experiment carries out at room temperature；Water temperature at depth of water 10cm in daily timing measurement system, pH and
DO；50mL water samples periodically are taken, ammonia nitrogen, orthophosphates in water sample is measured respectively, is carried out being supplemented to former quarter with raw water after water sampling
Spend line.
Natural zeolite covering control bed mud ammonia nitrogen releasing effect is studied, purification plant sludge and lock phosphorus agent covering control bed mud are just
Phosphate releasing effect.
(2) test results and analysis
During experiment lasts 35d, water temperature variation range is 24.1~29.9 DEG C in each system, and pH variation ranges are
7.22~7.86, DO concentration variation range are 0.19~5.04, natural zeolite covering control bed mud ammonia nitrogen releasing effect such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, purification plant sludge and lock phosphorus agent covering control bed mud orthophosphates releasing effect are as shown in Figure 2.
As seen from Figure 1, when the coverage strength of covering material is 2kg/m2When, compared with the control, natural zeolite is covered to ammonia
Nitrogen reduction rate is 24.97%~51.40%, mean value 42.04%, illustrates that natural zeolite covering can effectively control ammonia nitrogen in bed mud
Release.Variance analysis shows that cutting down ammonia nitrogen effect between natural zeolite covering system and contradistinction system has notable difference (P<
0.05)。
From Figure 2 it can be seen that when the coverage strength of covering material is 2kg/m2When, compared with the control, lock phosphorus agent covering is to positive phosphorus
Hydrochlorate reduction rate is 30.61%~88.18%, mean value 75.98%, illustrates that locking phosphorus agent covering is very well controlled in bed mud just
Phosphate discharges；Purification plant sludge covering is 23.47%~67.20% to orthophosphates reduction rate, and mean value 53.73% is said
Bright and clean waterworks sludge covering can effectively control orthophosphates in bed mud and discharge.Variance analysis shows that the agent of lock phosphorus, purification plant sludge are covered
Orthophosphates effect is cut down between convering system and contradistinction system notable difference (P<0.05).
In conclusion natural zeolite can be used as the active covering material of control bed mud ammonia nitrogen release, purification plant sludge and lock
Phosphorus agent can be used as the active covering material of control bed mud orthophosphates release.
Two, 4 kinds of submerged plants cut down water body nitrogen phosphorus effect
(1) testing program
Experiment carries out in 2L beakers, and 1.8L eutrophication waters are placed in each beaker, and eel grass and bog pondweed are placed close
Degree is 60 plants/m2With 50 plants/m2, black algae and watermifoil place density as 12 clumps/m2With 9 clumps/m2.Submerged plant height is about
10cm。
Experiment shares 15 beakers, is divided into 5 groups, every group 3 parallel, number 1-5#, wherein 1# is contradistinction system, not
Place submerged plant；2# unites for black phytem；3# is eel grass system；4# is watermifoil system；5# is bog pondweed system.
It tests and is proceeded by May 6th, 2015, May, 16 end of day, lasted 11d；Beaker mouth opens wide and (does not control overlying
Water DO concentration), it places indoors, experiment carries out at room temperature；Water temperature at depth of water 10cm in daily timing measurement system, pH and
DO；50mL water samples periodically are taken, ammonia nitrogen, orthophosphates in water sample is measured respectively, is carried out being supplemented to former quarter with raw water after water sampling
Spend line.
It studies the common submerged plant of 4 kinds of black algae, eel grass, watermifoil and bog pondweed etc. and cuts down eutrophication water ammonia nitrogen and just
Phosphate effect.
(2) test results and analysis
During experiment lasts 11d, water temperature variation range is 25.1~28.5 DEG C in each system, and pH variation ranges are
7.06~8.26, DO concentration variation range are 5.25~7.26, and 4 kinds of submerged plants cut down water body ammonia nitrogen and orthophosphates effect point
Not not as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
By 3 as it can be seen that black algae, eel grass and bog pondweed have ammonia nitrogen in water body cuts down effect, black algae, eel grass and eye well
Ammonia nitrogen effect is cut down between sub- ordering system and contradistinction system notable difference (P<0.05)；But ammonia nitrogen concentration in watermifoil system
Higher than contradistinction system, illustrate that watermifoil cuts down effect unobvious to ammonia nitrogen, and be possible to discharge ammonia nitrogen, possible cause to water body
Be since watermifoil used in this experiment directly takes as in the water body of Huaqiao University Xiamen school district inland river, fox-brush phycobiont compared with
Greatly, when experiment, interception tail portion 10cm is used, it may be possible to which root system partial decomposition discharges ammonia nitrogen to water body.
From fig. 4, it can be seen that black algae, eel grass, watermifoil and bog pondweed have orthophosphates in water body cuts down effect well,
Orthophosphates effect is cut down between black algae, eel grass, watermifoil and bog pondweed system and contradistinction system notable difference (P<
0.05)。
In conclusion 4 kinds of black algae, eel grass, watermifoil and bog pondweed submerged plants can be used in combination with active covering material,
Collaborative Control substrate sludge nitrogen phosphorus discharges.
Three, active covering material and submerged plant combination control substrate sludge nitrogen phosphorus releasing effect
(1) testing program
Experiment carries out in 2L beakers, places 0.4L bed muds in each beaker and 1.4L overlying waters, eel grass planting density are
60 plants/m2, black algae density in planting is 12 clumps/m2, zeolite and purification plant sludge coverage strength are 2kg/m2, submerged plant height is about
For 10cm.
Experiment shares 21 beakers, is divided into 7 groups, every group 3 parallel, number 1-7#, wherein 1# is contradistinction system, not
Kind planting submerged plant and covering active material；2# unites for black phytem；3# is eel grass system；4# is black algae+zeolites system；5# is hardship
Grass+zeolites system；6# is black algae+purification plant sludge system；7# is eel grass+purification plant sludge system.
It tests and is proceeded by May 31st, 2015, July, 5 end of day, lasted 36d；Beaker mouth opens wide and (does not control overlying
Water DO concentration), it places indoors, experiment carries out at room temperature；Water temperature at depth of water 10cm in daily timing measurement system, pH and
DO；50mL water samples periodically are taken, ammonia nitrogen, orthophosphates in water sample is measured respectively, is carried out being supplemented to former quarter with raw water after water sampling
Spend line.
The active covering material of research and submerged plant combination control bed mud ammonia nitrogen and orthophosphates releasing effect.
(2) test results and analysis
During experiment lasts 36d, water temperature variation range is 26.6~29.5 DEG C in each system, and pH variation ranges are
7.01~8.37, DO concentration variation range are that ammonia nitrogen concentration changes such as Fig. 5 institutes in 2.07~7.56,1#~5# system overlying waters
Show, the variation of orthophosphates concentration is as shown in Figure 6 in 1#, 2#, 3#, 6# and 7# system overlying water.
As seen from Figure 5, compared with the control, black algae is 23.19%~82.84% to ammonia nitrogen reduction rate, and mean value is
59.97%；Eel grass is 28.11%~74.55% to ammonia nitrogen reduction rate, mean value 50.45%；Zeolite is combined with black algae to ammonia nitrogen
Reduction rate is 66.21%~92.16%, mean value 79.96%；Zeolite and eel grass be combined to ammonia nitrogen reduction rate be 72.89%~
95.64%, mean value 87.75%.As it can be seen that active covering material is combined to ammonia nitrogen reduction rate with submerged plant than merely using heavy
Water plant improves 30%.Black algae, eel grass, black algae+zeolite, eel grass+reduction ammonia nitrogen effect is equal between zeolites system and contradistinction system
There is notable difference (P<0.05).
As seen from Figure 6, compared with the control, black algae is 17.95%~75.86% to orthophosphates reduction rate, and mean value is
55.55%；Eel grass is 24.36%~82.76% to orthophosphates reduction rate, mean value 64.31%；Purification plant sludge and black algae
Combination is 69.23%~85.48% to orthophosphates reduction rate, mean value 77.13%；Purification plant sludge is combined with eel grass to just
Phosphate reduction rate is 74.36%~87.10%, mean value 79.56%.As it can be seen that active covering material is combined with submerged plant
To orthophosphates reduction rate than improving 20% using submerged plant merely.Black algae, eel grass, black algae+zeolite, eel grass+zeolites system
Orthophosphates effect is cut down between contradistinction system notable difference (P<0.05).
In conclusion based on active covering material and soverlay technique control substrate sludge nitrogen phosphorus release in situ associated with submerged plant
It is feasible, joint technology can improve 20%~30% relative to monotechnics to the reduction rate of ammonia nitrogen and orthophosphates.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, therefore cannot limit the scope of implementation of the present invention according to this, i.e.,
According to equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the claims of the present invention and description, all should still belong in the range of the present invention covers.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud, it is characterised in that：The water pollution bed mud is that eutrophication is serious
The polluted bed mud of city river and landscape lake water body, the restorative procedure include the following steps：
(1) according to the major pollutants type and pollutional load of water body, the bed mud that grain size is 1~4mm is uniformly added in water body
Active covering material, cladding thickness are 2~6cm, quickly to cut down pollutant burden in water body, improve bottom water body and surface layer bottom
The redox environment of mud completely cuts off sludge bed mud and delays Nutrient release water quality, improve water quality, improves water transparency
To the illumination compensation depth needed suitable for submerged plant growth, strong habitat conditions, bed mud are provided for the growth of submerged plant
Active covering material is natural zeolite, biozeolite, lock phosphorus agentAt least one of with modified purification plant sludge；
(2) when water quality is obviously improved and transparency rises above the one third depth of water, heavy water is planted into water body and is planted
Object, submerged plant are at least one of eel grass, watermifoil, bog pondweed and black algae, wherein eel grass planting density be 35~65 plants/
m2；Watermifoil planting density be 4~7 buds/clump, 8~10 clumps/m2；Bog pondweed planting density is 25~55 plants/m2；Black algae is planted close
It is 8~17 buds/clump to spend, 8~14 clumps/m2；
(3) in winter submerged plant recovery is carried out when.
2. a kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：If water-bed mud scum in water body
It is more and loose, then bed mud activity covering material is added again after first carrying out appropriate dredging.
3. a kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The depth of water of water body 3m with
Interior, submerged plant is planted using fork planting method.
4. a kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The depth of water of water body 3m with
On, submerged plant is using package non-woven fabrics throwing method plantation.
5. a kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bed mud activity covering
The grain size of material is 1~3mm, and cladding thickness is 2~5cm.
6. a kind of restorative procedure of water pollution bed mud as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Eel grass planting density is 40
~60 plants/m2；Watermifoil planting density be 5~6 buds/clump, 9 clumps/m2；Bog pondweed planting density is 30~50 plants/m2；Black algae
Density in planting be 10~15 buds/clump, 9~12 clumps/m2。
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| CN113087028A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-07-09 | 苏州威德姆生态科技有限公司 | Endogenous phosphorus passivation material and method for repairing eutrophic water body by using same |
| CN113072057B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-11-15 | 河海大学 | Bottom mud covering material for eutrophic rivers and lakes and preparation method and use method thereof |
| CN113248093A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-13 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Ecological composite bottom mud in-situ restoration agent and restoration process |
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