CN105036482B - A kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system - Google Patents
A kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105036482B CN105036482B CN201510489670.9A CN201510489670A CN105036482B CN 105036482 B CN105036482 B CN 105036482B CN 201510489670 A CN201510489670 A CN 201510489670A CN 105036482 B CN105036482 B CN 105036482B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system, including three subsystems：Based on the biomembrane purification system of biological cleaning, aquatic plant purification system, the adsorption cleaning system based on biomass carbon；Biomembrane purification system forms biomembrane aquatic plant purification system with aquatic plant purification system in first processing unit；Adsorption cleaning system based on biomass carbon is in second processing unit, i.e. biomass carbon cleaning system；First processing unit and second processing unit arrange certain difference in height, and first processing unit water surface elevation is higher than second processing unit, realize that current flow will pass through Action of Gravity Field；After rural area low-pollution water enters first processing unit, according to the quality of water quality situation, the water conservancy time of staying is 1d 10d；Second processing unit is entered by controlling water flow control valve after water quality is more limpid.Three kinds of water body purification technology are organically combined, excellent rural area low-pollution water clean-up effect is defined.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system, specifically, be one kind combine biomass carbon,
The rural area low-pollution water purification systems of " Trinity " of natural biology film and water plant.
Background technology
Rural area low-pollution water
With economic fast development, China's widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area problem is increasingly serious so that Hen Duojiang, river, Lake Water
Matter declines, and exacerbates the situation of water quality water shortage.According to report, sanitary sewage and livestock breeding wastewater are the two big of rural area
Pollution sources., typically in 30～40mg/L, TP is between 2.5～3.5mg/L for wherein Taihu Lake basin breeding wastewater TN.But due to rural area
The features such as regional waste-water produces big total amount, distribution dispersion, intermittent discharge, constitutes significantly to Ecological Environment and common people's health
Impact.Advanced treating of the present invention for the rural area low-pollution water such as agricultural drain, sanitary sewage tail water, we are by rural area here
Low-pollution water be defined as the nutrients such as the nitrogen needed for rich in plant growth, the phosphorus produced during agricultural production or life of farmers with many
Trace element is planted, but directly discharges the part water body that can be polluted.Mainly include up to standard after sewage treatment plant is processed
The domestic sewage in rural areas tail water of discharge, agricultural drain and river course low-pollution water etc., its water quality does not meet surface water environment quality
Standard but meet farmland irrigation water standard (GB 18918-2002 one-levels B：TN≤20mg/L,TP≤1mg/L).This rural area
Although the nutrient concentrations such as low-pollution water nitrogen phosphorus are relatively low with respect to pollution sources such as point-source pollution, untreated sanitary sewages, by
High in its widely distributed, yield, to the negative effect of water body environment also highly significant.This kind of waste water is using at through engineering approaches measure
Reason economy is not high, particularly in the more scattered remote countryside area of discharge, is more difficult to deep purifying process.Cause
This, it is necessary to for this kind of low-pollution water, inexpensive, easily operated installation, eco-friendly system for handling is set, so as to
Related low stain draining is reached or is close to surface water discharge standard, realize good Benefits in economic and social terms.
Charcoal technology
Charcoal (Biochar) be under temperature conditionss under anoxia condition wholly or in part and relatively low (<700
DEG C), a kind of phosphorus content produced through pyrolysis charring is abundant, organic substance stable in properties.Biological carbon surface has substantial amounts of hole
Differ in hole, pore size.This pore space structure is conducive to the growth of edaphon.Charcoal unit weight is little, water, aspiration ability
By force, the characteristic and with substantial amounts of surface negative charge and high charge density, can form electromagnetic field, constitute charcoal good
Characterization of adsorption, can adsorb the inorganic ions and polarity or nonpolar organic compound in water, soil or deposit, particularly be beneficial to
Absorption soil and Heavy Metals in Waters polluter and organic pollution.In chemical composition, charcoal also includes the ore deposits such as calcium, magnesium
Material and inorganic carbonate, the heat endurance of aromatization, biochemistry antidecomposition and physics with height promote plant
Absorption to nutrient.Additionally, charcoal often assumes certain alkalescence, can be used for improveing acid ground.In view of above-mentioned
A series of good characteristic, charcoal be widely used in recent years carbon fixation and emission reduction, soil remediation improvement etc. the research of aspect and
Practice.Biomass carbon contains abundant functional group due to having good distribution of pores, surface, to water body in solute often have
There is good absorption property.Here, biomass carbon is considered as a kind of " nutrient holder " by the present invention, by the nitrogen in low stain draining
Then biomass carbon is applied in farmland by phosphorus recycling adsorption and enrichment as a kind of composite fertilizer or soil conditioner, is realized good
Good economic benefit and ecological benefits.
Natural biology membrane technology
Natural biology film is the microbial aggregate first produced in certain environmental condition.In natural water, microorganism
Cell and abitotic substance are embedded in the organic polymer matrix of microorganism secretion, and are attached to the surface of solids.Microorganism
Extracellular polymeric defines entirely biomembranous skeleton structure, and the apposition growth and parcel absorption other materials for microorganism is provided
Material base.Biomembranous define universal being interpreted as by metal oxide (iron, manganese and aluminum oxide), organic matter and a small amount of
Mineral matter is constituted.Organic matter includes bacterium, fungi, zooplankter, algae, and the microbiologic population of virus composition, while bag
Include the various metabolites of its vital metabolic activity secretion, such as ectoenzyme, extracellular polymeric.Natural biology film effectively can be removed
The inorganic matters such as nitrogen phosphorus.The combination realization that N relies primarily on biological nitration effect and denitrification, nitrification is removed from waste water
It is an aerobic process, by ammoxidation into nitrite and nitrate, continuous by two of the microorganism of two different systems
The step of realize, i.e. the ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria of autotrophy.Denitrification is the process of an anoxic, nitrate
Nitrogen is changed into by nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide by the anaerobic respiration effect of heterotroph with nitrite, this process needs
Organic carbon source.The mechanism of biomembrane dephosphorization is：It is to realize that biology is removed that polyP bacteria on biomembrane replaces in aerobic/anaerobic environment
The key of phosphorus.Under the anaerobic condition existed without dissolved oxygen and nitrate nitrogen, polyP bacteria decomposes internal Quadrafos and produces energy
Amount, and phosphate is released to maintain the metabolism of polyP bacteria, while taking in intracellular by extracellular substantial amounts of SCFA and synthesizing
Polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom；Under aerobic condition, due to environmental condition favourable, polyP bacteria can fast-growth, breeding, now polyP bacteria
Using the ATP decomposed produced by intracellular PHA by the phosphate excess ingestion in waste water to intracellular, and it is transformed into Quadrafos.Poly-
The phosphorus absorbed under aerobic environment by phosphorus bacterium is more more than the phosphorus discharged under anaerobic environment, internal phosphorus content is exceeded
10%, sometimes even up to 30%.Superiority bacteria spp in submerged biofilm process dephosphorization process is pseudomonas, secondly according to suitable
Sequence is Aeromonas, bacillus, Micrococcus, Nitrobacter, and these facultative Pseudomonas can excess under aerobic condition
Ground will be intracellular for the phosphorus suction in sewage, is widely used in biological phosphate-eliminating.
Plant floating bed technology
Plant floating bed technology is the rule grown according to natural plant, and higher aquatic plants or improved terrestrial are planted
Thing artificial growth to eutrophication water surface, using the absorption of plant root, competing between suction-operated and species
Allelopathic mechanism is striven, phosphorus, nitrogen and other harmful substances for being enriched in water body is cleared up, to reach the purpose for purifying water.The technology
Key is to realize the purpose for purifying water by approach such as plant absorption enrichment, root system of plant absorption, root-zone microorganism degradeds.
The technology is while good environmental benefit is created, and can build pleasing ecoscape waterborne, or even brings one
Determine the economic well-being of workers and staff of degree.The features such as there is simple with low cost, operational management, ecological close friend due to floating bed system, in control
It is widely applied in eutrophication water restoration of the ecosystem.
The existing different degrees of research in terms of agricultural effluent process of aforementioned monotechnics, monotechnics means exist different
Technology short slab.For rural area low-pollution water, three kinds of Integration ofTechnologies are learnt from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, realizes the advanced treating of country sewage, then
Have no report.
Content of the invention
Purpose：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention to provide a kind of rural area low-pollution water deep purifying
System, in conjunction with biomass carbon, natural biology film and water plant treatment function, realizes the rural area low stain of " Trinity "
Water purifying function.By the rural area low-pollution water cleaning system of the present invention, it is possible to achieve biomass recycling use, country sewage
The targets such as the recyclings of nutritive salt such as reduction of discharging, nitrogen phosphorus, the features such as with low cost, environmental friendliness, extensive application surface.
Technical scheme：For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system, it is characterised in that including three subsystems：Based on biological cleaning
Biomembrane purification system, aquatic plant purification system, the adsorption cleaning system based on biomass carbon；Biomembrane purification system and water
Plant cleaning system forms biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system in first processing unit；Based on biomass carbon
Adsorption cleaning system is in second processing unit, i.e. biomass carbon cleaning system；At first processing unit and second
Reason unit arranges certain difference in height, and first processing unit water surface elevation is higher than second processing unit, will pass through weight
Power effect realizes that current flow；
First processing unit bottom is biomembrane cleaning system, and biomembrane is culture, adaptation locality under nature
The natural biology film of environment, is to improve clean-up effect, and natural biology film should be at the middle and later periods of exponential growth, i.e. natural biology film
Start to need preculture 2-6 week from inoculation；Elastic filler is fixed or semifixed first processing unit bottom surface, and biofilm development is attached
On elastic filler, prevent from growing the elastic filler for having natural biology film emerging, and affect the life of natural biology film
Long breeding and clean-up effect；
First processing unit top is aquatic plant purification system, is fixed in floating bed for convenience of some water plants
Face, disposes plastic support fixed mesh in the water surface；Water plant includes Chinese celery, water peanut, water hyacinth, lotus rhizome, duckweed, hollow lotus
Sub- grass, fourcorneous water caltrop；Water plant need to be adjusted accordingly according to the difference of season and temperature；
In second processing unit, surface and bottom are separately provided for the table for preventing biomass carbon particle from outflowing with water
Face intercepts net and bottom intercepts net；Bottom intercepts net to being covered with bottom filter layer between liquid level above delivery port；Bottom filter layer
And surface intercepts.
Preferably, the volume in space occupied by the elastic filler accounts for the corresponding water body volume of first processing unit
30%-80%；Elastic filler includes thread, sheet, spherical, honeycomb padding type.
Preferably, the plastic support fixed mesh length of side is 5-20cm；Grid line width is less than Grid Edge
Long 5%.
Preferably, the delivery port of first processing unit arranges water pump and is used for the draining of first processing unit
It is added to second processing unit；The water outlet of first processing unit is provided with water flow control valve.
The biomass carbon cleaning system includes：
1) surface intercepts net and bottom intercepts net：Surface intercepts net to be used for preventing biomass carbon particle from floating under water impact
Floating loss, and be blown to four winds under dried over anhydrous state and be lost in；Bottom intercepts net is used for avoiding biomass carbon particle with going out
Water is lost to natural water；
2) biomass carbon particle：Granular size is 0.2cm-2cm；
3) bottom filter layer：Flow out for further intercepting biomass carbon particle, preventing and treating delivery port blocking, further depth
Purification and nutrition salt component.
Preferably, the surface intercepts net and the aperture of bottom interception net is equal less than biomass carbon grain diameter
Value, pore diameter range are 0.2cm-2cm, and material is anti-aging macromolecular material.
The bottom filter layer for particulate zeolites filler.
The grain diameter size of the bottom filter layer is controlled in 0.5cm-4cm.
A kind of above-mentioned rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system, processes using method as follows：Rural area low-pollution water is entered
After first processing unit (biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system), according to the quality of water quality situation, the water conservancy time of staying is
1d-10d；Second processing unit (biomass carbon purification system is entered by controlling water flow control valve after water quality is more limpid
System).
Beneficial effect：The present invention provide a kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system, combine three kinds of environmental friendliness,
Water technology with low cost, including biomembrane water treatment technology, aquatic plant purification technology, biomass carbon adsorption cleaning skill
Art, three kinds of water body purification technology are organically combined, and define excellent rural area low-pollution water clean-up effect.Concrete and
Speech, the present invention realize following beneficial effect：
1) advantage of three kinds of water body purification technology is combined togather by the present invention, it is achieved that the effect that learns from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses：Raw
Thing film purification techniques and aquatic plant purification technology are relatively long the time required to purifying to low-pollution water, purify when nutrient concentration is relatively low
Inefficient, growth is affected；And charcoal cleaning system is to (the such as pollution such as nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient and heavy metal of micro- pollutant component
Material) there is good absorption property, and adsorption process is the leading water body purification process of a physical process, with the time
The characteristics of short, efficiency high, but the rural area low-pollution water for complicated component, directly clean-up effect is carried out not using adsorption technology
Good, easily there is blocking and adsorption saturation phenomenon, before adsorption process, therefore increase pretreatment process, i.e., proposed by the present invention
Biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system, the frequency for occurring blocking and saturation during subsequent bio charcoal adsorption treatment can be reduced,
So as to realize good clean-up effect.Low-pollution water enters first processing unit (i.e. biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system)
Afterwards, through absorption cleaning after a while, by the constituent reductions such as nutritive salt in low-pollution water more than 60%, after then pre-processing
Water enter second processing unit (i.e. biomass carbon purification systems), further reduce nutrient salt in water and heavy metal etc. molten
The content of matter, realizes the removal effect to polluter more than 80%, the waste water that handles well is entered environment water then.
2) biomass carbon that the present invention is used comes from agricultural, is based primarily upon stalk biomass resource, in preparation process
Minimizing, the resource of stalk can be realized, while other byproducts (such as tar etc.) of generation can be collected；Additionally, absorption
Biomass carbon after saturation can be considered a kind of composite fertilizer for being loaded with abundant nutrition salt in itself, will improve soil group after being gone back field
Divide and soil texture, while strengthening the fertility of soil.
3) present invention absorbs nutritive salt using water plant in water surface, can pass through the species for controlling water plant,
Economic output is realized under certain condition, such as plantation water caltrop；Also ecoscape benefit, such as plantation lotus etc. can achieve.
4) present invention uses natural biology film as the cleaning system below the water surface, can be by the natural biology of growth and maturity
Film takes out, also field, realizes recycling for nutrient, with certain economy and environmental benefit.
To sum up, a kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system proposed by the present invention, being truly realized turns waste into wealth, circulation
Utilize, meet the theory of sustainable development.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the dynamic change of TN concentration in biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system exchange water cycle；
Fig. 2 is the dynamic change that TN removes concentration in biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system exchange water cycle；
Fig. 3 is NH in biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system exchange water cycle4 +The dynamic change of-N concentration；
Fig. 4 is the dynamic change of TP concentration in biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system exchange water cycle；
Fig. 5 is the dynamic change that TP removes concentration in biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system exchange water cycle；
Fig. 6 is the dynamic change of COD concentration in biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system exchange water cycle；
Fig. 7 is the environmental scanning electronic microscope figure of natural biology film in biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system；
Fig. 8 is that natural biology film observation by light microscope and laser co-focusing are aobvious in biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system
Micro mirror observation figure；
Fig. 9 is the infrared spectrum compares figure before and after improvement charcoal Phosphate Sorption；
Figure 10 is the SEM observation figures of biological carbon materials in charcoal absorption system；
Figure 11 is the system schematic of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system, at biomass carbon, natural biology film and water plant water
Reason function, realizes the rural area low-pollution water purification function of " Trinity ".By the rural area low-pollution water cleaning system of the present invention,
The targets such as the recyclings of nutritive salt such as biomass recycling use, country sewage reduction of discharging, nitrogen phosphorus can be realized, with low cost
The features such as honest and clean, environmental friendliness, extensive application surface.As shown in figure 11,
(1) the rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system that the present invention is provided includes three subsystems：Based on biological cleaning
Biomembrane purification system, aquatic plant purification system, the adsorption cleaning system based on biomass carbon.The low dirt in the rural area that is directed to
Dye water mainly includes planting industry draining, aquaculture waste water, the pretreated biological sewage in rural area etc..
(2) biomembrane purification system and aquatic plant purification system (i.e. biomembrane-water in first processing unit 1
Plant purification systems), and biomass carbon processing system is in (i.e. biomass carbon cleaning system) in second processing unit 2.
Two processing units should have certain difference in height, it is ensured that first processing unit water surface elevation should be higher than that second processes list
Will pass through Action of Gravity Field, unit, realizes that current flow；If being difficult to this point in some places, need to be by external force (such as water
Pump) draining of first processing unit is added to second processing unit.
(3) first processing unit (biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system) tops are aquatic plant purification system, wherein
Water plant 3 includes Chinese celery, water peanut, water hyacinth, lotus rhizome, duckweed, alternanthera philoxeroides, fourcorneous water caltrop etc..Water plant is according to season
The difference of section and temperature need to be adjusted accordingly.Additionally, some water plants need to be fixed on above floating bed, therefore need to be in the water surface
Placement plastic support fixed mesh 4, side length of element is 5-20cm；In order to material-saving simultaneously for the ease of below the water surface through more
Many illumination, grid line width less than side length of element 5%.
(4) first processing unit (biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system) bottoms are biomembrane cleaning system, and which is biological
Film 5 is culture, natural biology film that is adapting to local environment under nature, is to improve clean-up effect, and natural biology film should be located
Start to need preculture 2-6 week from inoculation in the middle and later periods of exponential growth, i.e. natural biology film；Biofilm development is attached to elasticity and fills out
Material above, fix or semifixed in system bottom surface, prevents from growing the elastic filler emersion water for having natural biology film by elastic filler 6
Face, and affect the growth and breeding and clean-up effect of natural biology film.The volume in space occupied by elastic filler in the processing unit
Account for the 30%-80% of the corresponding water body volume of present treatment unit.The elastic filler for being used need to have higher specific surface area, to hold
Further amounts of natural biology film of receiving is grown above, and elastic filler is including but not limited to thread, sheet, spherical, cellular etc. fill out
Material type.
(5) after rural area low-pollution water enters biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system, according to the quality of water quality situation, water conservancy
The time of staying is about 1d-10d.Next system for handling is entered by controlling water flow control valve after water quality is more limpid：Biological
Matter carbon purifying system.
(6) second processing units (biomass carbon cleaning system) are mainly made up of following part：
1) surface intercepts net 7 and bottom intercepts net 8
The screen distance should be less than biomass carbon grain diameter average, pore diameter range typically about 0.2cm-2cm, the interception web material
Matter is anti-aging macromolecular material, it is to avoid using metal material and easily aging material.Wherein surface intercepts net and is mainly used in preventing
Biomass carbon particle floats loss under water impact, and is blown to four winds under dried over anhydrous state and is lost in；Bottom is intercepted
Net is mainly used in avoiding biomass carbon particle from being lost to natural water with water outlet.
2) biomass carbon particle 9
Biomass carbon is mainly prepared by the discarded object that the rural areas such as stalk produce in a large number, and biomass carbon particle is under anoxic conditions
Prepare, charing is needed after terminating through certain pretreatment, such as soda acid dipping, activation etc., improving biomass carbon to nutritive salt and
The absorption property of other polluters.Be to ensure current by efficiency, biomass carbon granular size be difficult too small, but in order to improve
Adsorption efficiency, particle are also unsuitable excessive, and granular size control is preferred in 0.2cm-2cm.Biomass carbon material is according to water quality situation
Need to change in time, the saturation charcoal for changing can be applied in farmland as a kind of beneficial soil conditioner.
3) bottom filter layer 10
Bottom filter layer is mainly made up of the routine bulky grain filtering material such as zeolite, and this layer of main purpose is further to intercept
Little particle charcoal flows out, preventing and treating delivery port blocking, further deep purifying nutrition salt component.Filter layer filtering material particle particle diameter is big
Little control is preferred in 0.5cm-4cm, is on the one hand avoided blocking water outlet, is on the other hand improved adsorption cleaning efficiency.
Embodiment shows biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system is to biological nitrogen in sewage clean-up effect.The present embodiment
Water plant in middle biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system chooses Chinese celery as material to be tested, and first deionized water cleaning is dry
Preculture in test water body is subsequently placed in only.When Chinese celery seedling grows to 16cm, choose in the same size, healthy Chinese celery seedling start into
Row test.It is cesspool sewage by academy of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province Liang Zuosuo bases for trying water sample, hold after pretreatment by injection testing for water body
In device (biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system).The present embodiment biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system size is：External diameter 790mm
× 565mm × 505mm, internal diameter 750mm × 525mm × 490mm, length × width × height open 16 by the spacing of 16.5cm × 14cm
Hole, plants into 1 plant of Chinese celery per hole.3 treatment groups of the present embodiment experimental design：Sanitary sewage disposal (TWW), additional carbon life are dirty
Water process (TWW-HC) and without the process of Chinese celery biomembrane as control (Control), each process is repeated 3 times.Test period
For on July 4,13 days～2014 April in 2014.Wherein each treatment group changes water once on 4th in June, harvests in July 4.Test
In take a water sample per 7d, per sub-sampling 50mL.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, it is found that within the sampling test phase of 45 days, three process are achieved preferably
TN removal effects.At starting stage (before 17d), TWW-HC treatment effects are best, next to that at TWW process and control
Reason.After 32d, three process are not notable to the removal effect difference of TN.From the clearance angle to TN, the effect of TWW-HC
It is optimum, and more projects in test initial operation stage performance.It is noted that control is processed proceeds to 25d in test
Removal effect is optimal afterwards, and at this moment the biofilm development in cultivating system reaches exponential phase of growth, need to consume more nitrogen
Phosphorus recycling, so that realize preferable removal effect.Therefore, for biomembrane proposed by the present invention-aquatic plant purification system
For, the clean-up effect that purification early stage water plant plays is more notable, and then very important to later stage biomembranous effect.
2 biomembranes of embodiment-removal effect of the aquatic plant purification system to phosphorus
The present embodiment has investigated biomembrane-removal effect of the aquatic plant purification system to Phosphorus in Domestic Wastewater with Pulverized.This enforcement
Example concrete operations mode is similar to Example 1.As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system, is applied with carbon source
TWW-HC process to the removal effect of phosphorus element preferably, clearance can reach 80%；TWW process is to the removal effect of phosphorus initial
Stage, than more significant, occurs to a certain degree rebounding to later stage；Control process then show more notable, before 32d always
For downward trend, then occur the rising of TP contents afterwards, may be occurred in that phosphorus element is discharged by environmental perturbation.As can be seen here, originally
Invention proposes to can achieve more preferable clean-up effect using biomembrane-water plant combined purifying water quality, merely using at biomembrane
Reason is then easily affected by environmental condition, and the bounce-back of phosphorus ligands effect occurs.
3 biomembranes of embodiment-removal effect of the aquatic plant purification system to COD
The present embodiment has investigated biomembrane-removal of the aquatic plant purification system to life chemical oxygen demand in sewage COD
Effect.The present embodiment concrete operations mode is similar to Example 1.As shown in fig. 6, experiment the starting stage, control process with
TWW processes tendency and is similar to, and occurs one and is remarkably decreased afterwards and has slow rise, and this may be with secretions from plant roots, life
Increasing for thing film secretion is relevant.And TWW-HC processes COD numerical value and is then generally downward trend, simply sample out in last time
Now rise, this may be with plant, the increase of biomembrane secretion and the decomposition of plant cast, biomembrane metabolism product
Accumulation relevant.This example demonstrates that, if wishing to realize preferable clean-up effect, need in time by biomembrane-aquatic plant purification
Plant in system is gathered in time, and biomembrane is salvaged in time.
4 biomembranes of embodiment-aquatic plant purification system vegetation growth state
The present embodiment has investigated vegetation growth state in biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system.The present embodiment concrete operations
Mode is similar to Example 1.Under suitable environmental condition, in floating bed system the absorption of plant be N, P remove one important
Approach.Except average root length is not significantly different from the present embodiment, TWW-HC group Chinese celery biomass, average plant height and give birth to relatively
Long speed pole is significantly higher than TWW groups, and the N, P content in stem is substantially less than TWW groups, and the N content in root, leaf is significantly higher than
TWW groups.By calculating, TWW groups account for being input into the 7.3% and 10.0% of N, P amount by N, P that the absorption of plant is taken away respectively,
TWW-HC groups then rise to 50.6% and 65.1%.C is adjusted by additional carbon:N has been obviously promoted the growth of plant and right
The removal of N, P.
Water plant (Chinese celery) growing state in 1 biomembrane of table-aquatic plant purification system
Note：*p<0.05,**p<0.01,***p<0.001.
In 2 biomembranes of table-aquatic plant purification system, water plant (Chinese celery) respectively organizes the content of nitrogen and phosphorous
Note：*p<0.05.
5 biomembranes of embodiment-aquatic plant purification system biofilm development situation
The present embodiment has investigated biofilm development situation in biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system.The present embodiment is specifically grasped
Make mode similar to Example 1, in sewage, increased environment-stress organic pollution materials.As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, it is found that
In the case where there is stress pollutant existence condition, there is certain change in the growth of natural biology film, mucilage secretion increases, occurs in that
A certain degree of it is adhered phenomenon.This is probably a kind of biomembranous self-protective mechanism, biological to reduce xenobiotic pollutants confrontation
The negative consequence that film (algae, microorganism) is produced.
Adsorption effect of the 6 charcoal absorption system of embodiment to nitrogen phosphorus
The present embodiment has mainly been investigated different charcoals in charcoal system for handling and has selected to imitate waste water nitrogen phosphorus adsorption cleaning
Really.By isothermal adsorption experimental study, it is found that 7 kinds of charcoals are respectively to the equilibrium adsorption capacity of ammoniacal nitrogen：Soybean
6.560mg/g；Peanut shell 6.120mg/g；Rape Straw 4.255mg/g；Straw 5.900mg/g；Grape bar 5.892mg/g；Corn
Bar 6.255mg/g；Wheat stalk 6.785mg/g.Equilibrium adsorption capacity to nitrate nitrogen：Soybean 0.560mg/g；Peanut shell 0.570mg/
g；Cornstalk 0.740mg/g；Straw 1.220mg/g；Grape bar 0.950mg/g；Rape straw 1.350mg/g；Wheat stalk
1.080mg/g.Equilibrium adsorption capacities to phosphate radical：Soybean 0.488mg/g；Peanut shell 1.207mg/g；Cornstalk 0.246mg/
g；Straw 0.612mg/g；Grape bar 0.437mg/g；Rape straw 0.420mg/g；Wheat stalk 0.688mg/g.
As can be seen here, using primitive organism charcoal to ammonia nitrogen absorption effect preferably, to phosphate radical and nitrate anion adsorption effect slightly
Difference.Therefore, it is necessary to be improved to primitive organism charcoal under certain condition, it (is mainly cloudy to improve which to specific adsorbate
Ionic adsorption matter) absorption property, realize good clean-up effect.For this purpose, the present embodiment is by taking phosphate radical as an example, to biomass carbon
Improved, in its area load rare earth element ce, obtained the load cerium charcoal to phosphate radical with preferable absorption property.Its
Absorption property parameter to phosphate radical is as follows：
The isotherm adsorption model parameter of the improvement charcoal Phosphate Sorption under 3 different temperatures of table
The modification biological charcoal dephosphorization adsorbent that the present embodiment makes, has excellent absorption property, can reach to phosphate radical
77.52mg/g, is the superior biological carbon based material of a kind of environmental friendliness, absorption property.Additionally, absorption system is within a short period of time
Balance can reach.The charcoal system for handling that modification biological charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment is added to the present invention, will realize good
Good phosphor-removing effect.
The sign observation of 7 charcoal absorption system biomass carbon of embodiment
By Fig. 9 it is found that significant change occurs in the absworption peak after absorption phosphate radical, including 1417cm-1Place corresponding-
COOH, 1572cm-1Place corresponding-COO-, 3460cm-1Locate corresponding Ar-H, and 1047cm-1Locate corresponding M-O-C all to occur
Change, illustrates that these chemical bonds play a role during absorption phosphate radical.
Figure 10 illustrates the SEM observation figures of biomass carbon in charcoal absorption system.It is found that biological carbon surface have compared with
Many hole distributions, are that absorption attachment polluter and nutritive salt provide good condition.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：Ordinary skill people for the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system, it is characterised in that including three subsystems：Life based on biological cleaning
Thing film cleaning system, aquatic plant purification system, the adsorption cleaning system based on biomass carbon；Biomembrane purification system with aquatic
Plant purification system forms biomembrane-aquatic plant purification system in first processing unit；Suction based on biomass carbon
Attached cleaning system is in second processing unit, i.e. biomass carbon cleaning system；First processing unit and second process
Unit arranges certain difference in height, and first processing unit water surface elevation is higher than second processing unit, will pass through gravity
Effect realizes that current flow；
First processing unit bottom is biomembrane cleaning system, and biomembrane is culture, adaptation local environment under nature
Natural biology film, be to improve clean-up effect, natural biology film should be at the middle and later periods of exponential growth, i.e. natural biology film from connecing
Plant and start to need preculture 2-6 week；Elastic filler is fixed or semifixed first processing unit bottom surface, and biofilm development is attached to
Above elastic filler, prevent from growing the elastic filler for having natural biology film emerging, and affect the growth of natural biology film numerous
Grow and clean-up effect；
First processing unit top is aquatic plant purification system, is fixed on above floating bed for convenience of some water plants,
The water surface disposes plastic support fixed mesh；Water plant include Chinese celery, water peanut, water hyacinth, lotus rhizome, duckweed, alternanthera philoxeroides,
Fourcorneous water caltrop；Water plant need to be adjusted accordingly according to the difference of season and temperature；
Block on the surface that surface and bottom are separately provided for preventing biomass carbon particle from outflowing with water in second processing unit
Cut net and bottom intercepts net；Bottom intercepts net to being covered with bottom filter layer between liquid level above delivery port；Bottom filter layer and table
Face intercepts.
2. low-pollution water advanced purification system in rural area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Shared by the elastic filler
According to the 30%-80% that the apparent volume in space accounts for the corresponding water body volume of first processing unit；Elastic filler include thread, sheet,
Spherical, honeycomb padding type.
3. low-pollution water advanced purification system in rural area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The plastic support is fixed
Side length of element is 5-20cm；Grid line width less than side length of element 5%.
4. low-pollution water advanced purification system in rural area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First processing unit
Delivery port arranges water pump to be used for for the draining of first processing unit being added to second processing unit；First processing unit
Water outlet is provided with water flow control valve.
5. low-pollution water advanced purification system in rural area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The biomass carbon is purified
System includes：
1）Surface intercepts net and bottom intercepts net：Surface intercepts net to be used for preventing biomass carbon particle floating flow under water impact
Lose, and be blown to four winds under dried over anhydrous state and be lost in；Bottom intercepts net is used for avoiding biomass carbon particle with going out current
Lose natural water；
2）Biomass carbon particle：Granular size is 0.2cm-2cm；
3）Bottom filter layer：Flow out for further intercepting biomass carbon particle, preventing and treating delivery port blocking, further deep purifying
Nutrition salt component.
6. a kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The surface intercepts
Net and bottom intercept the aperture of net and are less than biomass carbon grain diameter average, and pore diameter range is 0.2cm-2cm, and material is anti-aging
Macromolecular material.
7. a kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bottom is filtered
The material of layer is particulate zeolites filler.
8. a kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bottom is filtered
The grain diameter size of layer is controlled in 0.5cm-4cm.
9. a kind of rural area low-pollution water advanced purification system according to any one of claim 1-8, processing method are as follows：Agriculture
After village's low-pollution water enters first processing unit, according to the quality of water quality situation, the water conservancy time of staying is 1d-10d；Treat water quality
More limpid rear by controlling water flow control valve second processing unit of entrance.
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| CN106007173A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-12 | 大连民族大学 | Scattered household sewage and river water environment purifying system |
| CN108911371B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2023-10-27 | 浙江大学 | Embedded nitrification-denitrification-dephosphorization complete treatment device and method thereof |
| CN110092549A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-06 | 湖南泰谷生态工程有限公司 | A kind of aquaculture pollution of area source source intercepting system |
| CN111533364B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2022-07-08 | 浙江科技学院 | Construction method for multistage efficient interception and reuse of farmland backwater nitrogen and phosphorus pollution |
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Inventor after: Feng Yanfang Inventor after: Duan Jingjing Inventor after: Sun Haijun Inventor after: Yang Linzhang Inventor after: Xue Lihong Inventor after: Chen Yudong Inventor after: He Shiying Inventor after: Chen Xiaoxuan Inventor before: Feng Yanfang Inventor before: Duan Jingjing Inventor before: Sun Haijun Inventor before: Yang Linzhang Inventor before: Xue Lihong Inventor before: Chen Yudong Inventor before: He Shiying |
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Effective date of registration: 20180402 Address after: 210009 the 15 floor of A building, LIAN science and technology building, No. 18, Ji Hui Road, Chi Lou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Patentee after: Daqian ecological environment group Limited by Share Ltd Address before: Xiaolingwei Zhongling street Nanjing Xuanwu District of Jiangsu Province, No. 50 210014 Patentee before: Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences |