CN113087028A - Endogenous phosphorus passivation material and method for repairing eutrophic water body by using same - Google Patents
Endogenous phosphorus passivation material and method for repairing eutrophic water body by using same Download PDFInfo
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 237
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 236
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 236
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 40
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PQLVXDKIJBQVDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC(O)=O PQLVXDKIJBQVDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910001411 inorganic cation Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
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- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001244577 Myriophyllum spicatum Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006388 chemical passivation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWODWWRPMVZYNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mo].[Sb].[P] Chemical compound [Mo].[Sb].[P] JWODWWRPMVZYNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005791 algae growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003627 allelochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001669 calcium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical class O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/20—Prevention of biofouling
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Abstract
The invention relates to an endogenous phosphorus passivation material and a method for restoring eutrophic water body by using the same, wherein the endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-80 parts of natural zeolite, 17-79.7 parts of aluminum hydroxide and 0.3-3 parts of chitosan; the method for restoring the eutrophic water body by combining the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and the submerged plant comprises the following steps: firstly, adding a suspension of a passivation material into a water body, and planting submerged plants when the phosphorus concentration of the water body is reduced, the growth of algae is inhibited, and the transparency of the water body is improved to be suitable for the growth of the submerged plants. Compared with the prior art, the multifunctional endogenous phosphorus passivation material can simultaneously fix inorganic anions such as phosphorus and the like, inorganic cations such as ammonia nitrogen and the like, organic compounds such as organic phosphorus and the like, and has the advantages of high phosphorus adsorption capacity, multifunction, ecological safety, low cost, convenient application and short construction period; the method for restoring the eutrophic water body by combining the passivating material and the submerged plant has the advantages of low treatment cost, safety, reliability, quick response and stable treatment effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of eutrophic water body restoration, and relates to an endogenous phosphorus passivation material and a method for restoring an eutrophic water body by combining the endogenous phosphorus passivation material with submerged plants.
Background
The eutrophication problem of lakes and other water bodies in China is very serious, causing the flooding of harmful algae, the disappearance of submerged vegetation and the serious damage to water quality and water ecology. Phosphorus is a limiting factor for the growth of algae, so that the reduction of the phosphorus concentration in lakes is a key for controlling the eutrophication of lakes and restoring the structure and the function of the lake ecosystem.
In order to reduce lake phosphorus concentration, the release of sediment phosphorus from endogenous sources must be controlled because endogenous phosphorus can be continuously circulated between sediment-lake water-algae even if exogenous phosphorus is effectively controlled. Sediment dredging, sediment covering (capping) and chemical passivation of sediment phosphorus are the main techniques for controlling endogenous phosphorus in lakes.
Among them, the amount of the sediment dredging project is huge, the cost is high, and the treatment and disposal of the dredged sediment are very troublesome problems, and further increase the cost. Moreover, dredging also entails destruction of the habitat of the benthos and because: (1) the dredging cutter suction disturbance can lead the suspension diffusion of fine particles and the release of phosphorus in pore water; (2) the dredged sediment still has high phosphorus content; (3) rapid accumulation of new precipitate; (4) the yield is often not ideal due to the moving and stacking of nearby sediment, and even the water quality has worse phosphorus concentration than before dredging.
The bed mud covering does not require removal of the bed mud, but rather physically blocks the release of phosphorus from the bed mud by separating the bed mud from overlying water with a covering material, although the drawbacks of the covering method are also apparent. Firstly, the lake bed replaces the original bottom mud by the covering, so that the environment of the lake bed is completely changed, and the living environment of benthos is fundamentally damaged; secondly, the mud/water isolation effect is achieved, the covering layer needs to be thick (the thickness is generally at least 5 cm), and therefore the engineering quantity and the cost are large; thirdly, the covering is easily disturbed by lake flow, wind waves and organisms, and once the covering layer is broken, a short circuit is formed and the blocking effect is reduced; in addition, the contaminants remain in place, and neither the amount nor the morphology has changed due to the covering.
Endogenous phosphorus chemical passivation is also a technique to control the release of sludge phosphorus in situ without removing the sludge. The technology is that a passivating material which can effectively adsorb and fix phosphorus is put into the lake and reservoir, and the material can adsorb and fix the phosphorus in the overlying water in the process of sedimentation and forms a thin covering layer after sinking into the lake bed. If the covering layer is not damaged, the release of the phosphorus in the bottom mud can be effectively stopped; however, even if the overburden is damaged and mixed into the surface layer sludge, the passivating material can control endogenous phosphorus by adsorbing and fixing phosphorus in the pore water of the sludge (the phosphorus release of the sludge must pass through the pore water) and increasing the phosphorus fixing capacity of the sludge. Because the passivation material is a material capable of effectively adsorbing and fixing phosphorus, the dosage is very low (generally covering 1-2mm), the engineering quantity is small, and the damage to the lake bed habitat is small. Passivation techniques, while not changing the amount of phosphorus, can change the morphology of the phosphorus. That is, the passivating material can convert phosphorus into a poorly soluble, extremely stable form, thereby persistently preventing the release of phosphorus. Thus, passivation technology is an inexpensive and endogenous phosphorus control strategy that has achieved widespread use throughout the lake.
The research and application of endogenous phosphorus passivation technology has been in history for more than 50 years, wherein alum (aluminum sulfate) appears earliest, is studied most and is widely applied, and is applied to lakes with endogenous phosphorus control in all lakes for more than 200. The alum forms aluminum hydroxide capable of efficiently adsorbing and fixing phosphorus immediately after being put into the lake water, and because the aluminum combined phosphorus formed by combining the phosphorus and the aluminum hydroxide is highly stable in the reducing bottom sludge of the eutrophic lake, the effect of reducing the endogenous phosphorus load brought by using the alum once can last for more than 10-20 years, and the reduction rate of the phosphorus concentration in the lake water reaches 54-83%. The technology has the defects that the conversion of alum into aluminum hydroxide consumes the alkalinity of the lake and reduces the pH value, and the physical and chemical properties of the lake are changed when the usage amount is large. The later application method comprises the steps of firstly measuring the buffering performance of lake water on alum, obtaining the adding amount of the alum when the pH value is reduced to 6.5, and adding according to the adding amount. Although the method avoids the change of physicochemical properties such as lake acidification, the addition amount is not necessarily capable of ensuring good passivation effect. Therefore, in addition to alum, researches on some novel passivators at home and abroad have been actively carried out in recent years, including natural zeolite, lanthanum-modified montmorillonite, aluminum-loaded natural zeolite, zirconium-loaded natural zeolite, calcite, feedwater treatment residue, chitosan-modified lake surrounding soil, thermally modified calcium-rich attapulgite, and the like.
However, phosphorus control with these endogenous phosphorus passivating materials still does not solve two key problems.
The first key issue is the limited contamination that is addressed (essentially only for inorganic phosphorus in dissolved form). The eutrophic lake sediment is often in a reduced state, so that the problem of simultaneous release of inorganic cations (iron, manganese, mercury, ammonia nitrogen and the like) with valence changes exists in addition to the problem of release of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (inorganic anions). Researches show that the organic phosphorus in the bottom mud has important contribution to lake eutrophication, and the dissolved organic phosphorus released by the bottom mud accounts for about 20-50% of the total phosphorus. In addition, humic acid is also an important environmental substance in water, and causes problems in water supply treatment and the like. Therefore, if the passivation material can passivate dissolved inorganic anion phosphorus and can fix cationic ammonia nitrogen and metal and organic compounds such as organic phosphorus and humic acid, the passivation material is undoubtedly extremely beneficial to the control of endogenous phosphorus in lakes and the improvement of water quality.
The second key problem is that the bottom mud of the shallow lake is disturbed frequently due to the influence of factors such as wind waves, benthos, lake flow, shipping and the like. Shallow lakes account for 70% in freshwater lakes in China, and the problem that the passivation effect is obviously reduced inevitably due to repeated disturbance of bottom mud is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an endogenous phosphorus passivation material and a method for restoring eutrophic water bodies by combining the endogenous phosphorus passivation material with submerged plants.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-80 parts of natural zeolite, 17-79.7 parts of aluminum hydroxide and 0.3-3 parts of chitosan.
A preparation method of an endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following steps: preparing chitosan into a solution, and then mixing the solution with natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide to obtain the endogenous phosphorus passivation material, wherein the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is composed of chitosan modified natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide.
Further, the method comprises the steps of:
1) mixing water and glacial acetic acid, adding chitosan, stirring and dissolving to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) adding caustic soda and stirring to neutralize redundant glacial acetic acid;
3) adding natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide, fully stirring, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying to obtain the endogenous phosphorus passivation material, wherein the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is in a powdery solid state.
Further, the ratio of the volume of the water to the total mass of the chitosan, the natural zeolite and the aluminum hydroxide is 1-10m31 ton, the volume ratio of the glacial acetic acid to the water is 0.005-0.05:1, and each 1m32-20kg of caustic soda is added into the chitosan solution.
Further, in the step 1), the step 2) and the step 3), the stirring speed is 100-1000 rpm, and the stirring time is 1-10 minutes, 1-5 minutes and 10-60 minutes respectively.
An application of an endogenous phosphorus passivation material in eutrophic water body remediation.
A method for restoring eutrophic water body by combining endogenous phosphorus passivation material and submerged plant comprises the following steps: firstly, adding the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material into the water body, and planting submerged plants (maintaining) when the phosphorus concentration of the water body is reduced, the algae growth is inhibited, and the transparency of the water body is improved to be suitable for the growth of the submerged plants, so as to carry out combined remediation on the eutrophic water body. The method is especially suitable for treating eutrophic shallow lakes.
Further, the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is prepared by the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and water on site (lake bank or ship); in the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material, the ratio of the volume of water to the mass of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is 2-15m31 ton.
Further, the adding amount of the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is as follows: every 1m2Adding 900g of 100-900g of endogenous phosphorus passivation material into the water area.
Preferably, the adding method of the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following steps: and (3) adopting a submersible stirring type slurry pump, putting the pump into the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material, and stirring and adding the pump at the same time so as to ensure that the adding is uniform.
Further, the submerged plant comprises one or more of hydrilla verticillata, watermifoil, gynura bicolor or sow thistle. The submerged plant is preferably suitable for local suitable species of local climate, soil property and water environment conditions, and the planting method, planting density, breeding method and the like of the submerged plant can be carried out by adopting a general conventional method.
The submerged plant is an important component of a lake ecosystem, has multiple ecological functions of preventing bottom mud disturbance, providing shelter for aquatic animals, competitively inhibiting algae and absorbing nutritive salt and the like, and plays an important role in maintaining the stable state of clear water in shallow lakes. The case that the submerged vegetation disappears due to the increase of the phosphorus concentration in various lakes, so that the water quality is turbid and stable is reported at home and abroad. Therefore, the recovery of the submerged vegetation is an important means for ecological restoration and clear water stable formation of the eutrophic lake, and the recovery of the submerged vegetation is an important means for the recovery of the clear water stable state of the lake. However, submerged vegetation located in the lower part of a water body is inferior in light energy competition to floating algae located in a watermeter, and thus, the restoration of submerged vegetation is premised on the control of phosphorus and algae and the improvement of transparency. The prior lakes and reservoirs treated by the passivation technology are generally deeper, so that the problem of repeated disturbance of bottom mud is not considered, namely, the passivation materials are used independently, and the combined repair with submerged plants and how to carry out the combined repair are not considered, so that the functions of controlling phosphorus and algae of the passivation materials, fixing mud and controlling algae of submerged vegetation and the like are exerted, the passivation materials and the submerged vegetation supplement each other, and the treatment effect of the eutrophic shallow lakes and the return of the stable state of grass-type clear water in the lakes are ensured together.
In the endogenous phosphorus passivation material, chitosan loaded on the outer surface of zeolite can be used for adsorbing organic pollutants such as organic phosphorus, humic acid and the like; since the chitosan used for modification is much larger than the pore size of the zeolite and can only be loaded on the outer surface, the negative charges in the internal pores of the chitosan modified zeolite can still be used for the adsorption of inorganic cations. The charge in the pores generally accounts for 80-90% of the total charge of the zeolite, so that the zeolite can still be used for efficiently removing inorganic cations such as ammonia nitrogen, heavy metals and the like; and chitosan is not loaded on the surface of the aluminum hydroxide, and the aluminum hydroxide can be responsible for fixing inorganic anions such as phosphate radical and the like. Thus, the multifunctional endogenous phosphorus passivation material capable of synchronously fixing inorganic anion pollutants (phosphate, arsenate anions and the like), inorganic cation pollutants (ammonia nitrogen, heavy metal cations and the like) and organic pollutants (organic phosphorus, humic acid and the like) in lakes is constructed.
According to the invention, the eutrophic lake is subjected to combined restoration by using the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and the submerged plant, and the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and the submerged plant can synergistically play an interactive and synergistic lake ecological restoration effect, namely, the passivation material can improve the light environment and promote the growth of the submerged plant by controlling endogenous phosphorus and inhibiting the growth of algae; the submerged plants can promote the passivating material to better exert the effect of controlling the release of the phosphorus in the bottom mud by fixing the mud, dissipating waves and preventing the bottom mud from resuspending; on the basis of controlling algae by the passivation material, the submerged plants can control algae by secreting allelochemicals and raising zooplankton, so that the submerged plants and the zooplankton can play a combined algae control effect; in addition to the sludge fixation effect of the submerged plants, the passivating material may make the bottom sludge more compact, so that the passivating material and the submerged plants may exert a combined effect in preventing the bottom sludge from being resuspended.
The multifunctional endogenous phosphorus passivation material can simultaneously fix inorganic anions such as phosphorus and the like, inorganic cations such as ammonia nitrogen and the like and organic compounds such as organic phosphorus and the like, and has the advantages of high phosphorus adsorption capacity, multifunction, ecological safety, low cost, convenient application and short construction period. The method for restoring the eutrophic water body by combining the passivation material and the submerged plant has the advantages of low treatment cost, safety, reliability, quick response and stable treatment effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1) the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is ecologically safe and has good compatibility with lake sediment. Different from the aluminum hydroxide formed by alum in the interior of the lake, the aluminum hydroxide purchased in the market is used, so that the alkalinity of the lake is not consumed during application, the toxicity caused by aluminum ions is not generated, and the physicochemical properties of the lake are not changed. The zeolite and the aluminum hydroxide are important constituent components of natural soil/bottom mud, the glacial acetic acid and the chitosan are food grade, and the chitosan is from crustaceans such as shrimps, crabs and the like of lake benthos, so that the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is environment-friendly and has good environmental compatibility with the lake bed.
2) The endogenous phosphorus passivation material of the present invention has versatility. Different from other passivation materials which mainly only aim at the fixation of inorganic anions and phosphate radicals, the invention has passivation function on inorganic anions (inorganic phosphate radicals and the like), inorganic cations (ammonia nitrogen, iron, manganese and the like) and organic compounds (organic phosphorus and humus).
3) The invention has simple process, low cost, simple and easy operation and easy popularization and application.
4) Endogenous phosphorus passivation materials for different lakes can be customized. According to the release characteristics and the main environmental problems of inorganic anions such as inorganic phosphate radicals and the like, inorganic cations such as ammonia nitrogen and the like, organic compounds such as organic phosphorus and the like in lakes, the endogenous phosphorus passivation material suitable for a specific lake can be prepared by changing the mass percentages of natural zeolite, aluminum hydroxide and chitosan.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of morphological tests on phosphorus in the bottom sludge before and after the treatment in example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
In the following examples, the required raw materials and containers, equipment, etc. are commercially available.
Example 1:
preparing a multifunctional endogenous phosphorus passivation material:
in this embodiment, the preparation of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is directed at a water body in which ammonia nitrogen and organic pollutants are main pollutants and phosphorus is a secondary pollutant, and the formula adopted is as follows: the mass ratio of the natural zeolite to the aluminum hydroxide to the chitosan is 80:18: 2.
Putting 4.5L of glacial acetic acid purchased from market into a 200L container, adding 150L of water, adding 0.3kg of chitosan, and stirring for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 300 revolutions per minute by using a mechanical stirring device. Then 2.2kg of caustic soda was added and stirring was continued at the same speed for 2 minutes. Then adding 12kg of natural zeolite purchased from the market and 2.7kg of aluminum hydroxide, and stirring for 50 minutes at the rotating speed of 500 revolutions per minute to obtain the suspension of the multifunctional endogenous phosphorus passivation material. And centrifuging the suspension for solid-liquid separation, and drying at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the multifunctional endogenous phosphorus passivation material solid powder.
The test methods and results for the passivation performance of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material against different contaminants are described below.
Phosphate radical (potassium dihydrogen phosphate), ammonia nitrogen (ammonium chloride) and sodium humate are selected to respectively represent inorganic anion pollutants, inorganic cation pollutants and organic pollutants, and the adsorption capacity of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material under a certain condition is tested.
The method for measuring the phosphorus adsorption amount is as follows: weighing potassium dihydrogen phosphate to prepare a 300mg/L phosphorus solution, putting 40ml of the solution into a 50ml centrifuge tube, adding 0.3g of a phosphorus-fixing material, carrying out oscillation reaction for 48 hours (180rpm) in a constant-temperature shaking table at 25 ℃, centrifuging at 4000rpm, filtering a supernatant by 0.45 mu m, measuring the phosphorus concentration of a filtered water sample by using a national method for monitoring and analyzing water and wastewater (fourth edition) soluble total phosphorus-molybdenum-antimony light resistance method, setting a parallel sample, and taking the average value of the two results.
The adsorption capacity Q at this concentration was calculated using the following formula:
C0: original phosphorus solution concentration in milligrams per liter (mg/L)
C: adsorption end point phosphorus solution concentration in milligrams per liter (mg/L)
V: volume of solution, 40ml
m: endogenous phosphorus passivating Material weight, 0.3g
The method for testing the ammonia nitrogen adsorption amount comprises the following steps: weighing ammonium chloride to prepare 100mg/L ammonia nitrogen solution, putting 40ml of the solution into a 50ml centrifuge tube, adding 0.2g of endogenous phosphorus passivation material, carrying out oscillation reaction for 48h (180rpm) in a constant temperature shaking table at 25 ℃, centrifuging at 4000rpm, taking supernate, filtering by 0.45 mu m, measuring the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the filtered water sample by adopting a national standard method HJ/535-2009 Narse reagent method, and calculating the adsorption capacity of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material to the ammonia nitrogen according to the difference of the ammonia nitrogen concentration before and after adsorption. Taking parallel samples, and taking the average value of the results of two times.
The adsorption amount of organic pollutants was measured as follows: weighing sodium humate to prepare a solution with the concentration of 400mgC/L, putting 40ml of the solution into a 50ml centrifuge tube, adding 0.1g of endogenous phosphorus passivation material, carrying out oscillation reaction for 48h (180rpm) in a constant temperature shaking table at 25 ℃, centrifuging at 4000rpm, taking supernate, filtering by 0.45 mu m, measuring the concentration of humic acid at the wavelength of 218.5nm by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer on a filtered water sample, and calculating the adsorption amount by using the difference of the concentrations of the humic acid before and after adsorption reaction.
The measurement results are as follows: the ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity is 9.3mgN/g, the phosphorus is 6.1mgP/g, and the humic acid is 132.9 mgC/g.
Example 2:
preparing a multifunctional endogenous phosphorus passivation material:
in this embodiment, the preparation of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is directed at a water body with similar ammonia nitrogen, organic pollutants and phosphorus pollution degrees, and the adopted formula is as follows: the mass ratio of the natural zeolite to the aluminum hydroxide to the chitosan is 60:38.5: 1.5.
3L of glacial acetic acid purchased from the market is put into a 200L container, 150L of water is added, 0.225kg of chitosan is added, and the mixture is stirred for 3 minutes by a mechanical stirring device at the rotating speed of 500 revolutions per minute. Then 1.4kg of caustic soda was added and stirring was continued at the same speed for 3 minutes. Then 9kg of natural zeolite and 5.775kg of aluminum hydroxide are added, and the mixture is continuously stirred for 30 minutes at the rotating speed of 500 revolutions per minute to obtain the suspension of the multifunctional endogenous phosphorus passivation material. And centrifuging the suspension, performing filter-pressing separation, and drying at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the multifunctional endogenous phosphorus passivation material.
Phosphate radical (potassium dihydrogen phosphate), ammonia nitrogen (ammonium chloride) and sodium humate are selected to respectively represent inorganic anion pollutants, inorganic cation pollutants and organic pollutants, and the adsorption capacity of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material under a certain condition is tested according to the method in the embodiment 1.
The measurement results are as follows: the ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity is 7.8mgN/g, the phosphorus adsorption capacity is 13.5mgP/g, and the humic acid adsorption capacity is 90.3 mgC/g.
Example 3:
the eutrophic shallow lakes are treated by the combination of multifunctional endogenous phosphorus passivation materials and submerged plants:
in this embodiment, the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is prepared for an eutrophic landscape lake with phosphorus as a major pollutant and ammonia nitrogen and organic pollutants as minor pollutants. The water quality of the lake is shown in Table 1, namely phosphorus is the poor 5-class level of the lake, and ammonia nitrogen and COD are the 3-class and 4-class levels of surface water respectively. The adopted formula is as follows: the mass ratio of the natural zeolite to the aluminum hydroxide to the chitosan is 30:69.5: 0.5.
The lake area is 800m2The water depth is 1.1 m, the mud depth is 1m, and the lake is heavily eutrophicated. The lake is completely closed and is not connected with other water bodies.
Adding 8L of glacial acetic acid purchased from market into 2m3In the stirring tank, 800L of water was added, 1kg of chitosan was added, and the mixture was stirred for 8 minutes at 500 rpm by a mechanical stirring apparatus. Then 3.6kg of caustic soda was added and stirring was continued at the same speed for 2 minutes. Then 60kg of natural zeolite and 139kg of aluminum hydroxide are added, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes at the rotating speed of 500 revolutions per minute to obtain the suspension of the multifunctional endogenous phosphorus passivation material. And centrifuging the suspension, performing filter pressing separation, and drying at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the multifunctional endogenous phosphorus passivation material. The method of example 1 is used for measuring the ammonia nitrogen content of the endogenous phosphorus passivation materialThe adsorbed amount was 3.8mgN/g, the adsorbed amount to phosphorus was 24.3mgP/g, and the adsorbed amount to humic acid was 52.2 mgC/g.
And (4) transporting the endogenous phosphorus passivation material to the lakeshore due to the fact that the lake is not large. A square plastic container with the volume of 200L is adopted for adding the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material to the lake surface. To prepare the desired suspension, 50kg of endogenous phosphorus passivating material was weighed into a container, the container was filled with lake water (200L) using a submersible pump and mechanically agitated at 300 revolutions per minute for 25 minutes to form a suspension of endogenous phosphorus passivating material.
And (3) putting a pump head of the submersible stirring type slurry pump into the turbid liquid, and spraying the turbid liquid onto the lake surface while stirring. And after spraying, continuously preparing a second batch of endogenous phosphorus passivation material turbid liquid, and spraying 4 batches in total. The spraying position can be changed according to the length of the pipeline and the actual requirement, and the turbid liquid is uniformly sprayed on the lake surface as much as possible. The adding amount of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material per unit area of the lake is 250g/m2。
After spraying, the pH, transparency and dissolved oxygen concentration were tested on site at 3, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after spraying, and a water sample was taken and returned to a laboratory for testing the concentrations of total phosphorus, dissolved inorganic phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and COD, according to the national method of Water and wastewater monitoring and analysis (fourth edition). The test results are shown in Table 1.
After the passivation technology is implemented, the pH and the dissolved oxygen concentration are not greatly changed and have no obvious change trend, which indicates that the endogenous phosphorus passivation material does not obviously change the water quality indexes. After passivation, the concentrations of total phosphorus, dissolved inorganic phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and COD are all obviously reduced, and the average concentration of 5 times is taken, the average total phosphorus is reduced by 82-0.077 mg/L, the average dissolved inorganic phosphorus is reduced by 90.2-0.034 mg/L, the average ammonia nitrogen is reduced by 56.4-0.39 mg/L, and the average COD is reduced by 55.1-12.4 mg/L. That is, the total phosphorus improved from poor 5 before passivation to 3 after passivation; ammonia nitrogen is improved from 3 types before passivation to 2 types after passivation, and COD is improved from 4 types before passivation to 1-2 types after passivation. In particular, the transparency of the water body is obviously improved.
The transparency of the water body is stably and greatly improved, submerged plants are planted 60 days after spraying, and the plants are Myriophyllum spicatum spiicathum). Planting with fork, namely using a wood rod with a fork as a tool, and using the fork to fork the spica foxtail algae for planting by a working boat, wherein the planting density is 45g/m2. After 4 months of planting (6 months of spraying), the growth condition of the myriophyllum spicatum is found to be good, and then the last water quality measurement is carried out, and the result is shown in table 1. Because all water quality indexes after passivation are good, compared with the water quality indexes before planting, the total phosphorus, dissolved inorganic phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and COD have little change, but the transparency is obviously increased. This shows that the combination of passivation technology and submerged vegetation planting technology can effectively treat eutrophic shallow lakes.
TABLE 1 Water quality Change before and after lake treatment
In order to verify the passivation effect of the sediment phosphorus, a cylindrical organic glass column is used for collecting the sediment 3 days before and 180 days after the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is added, 5cm of sediment on the surface layer is taken to be mixed and freeze-dried, and the phosphorus morphological distribution in the sediment is measured according to the following method.
1) 1g of substrate sludge and NH with the concentration of 1M4Mixing Cl solutions, placing in a shaking table, carrying out oscillation reaction for 0.5h at 25 ℃ and 180rpm, centrifuging the mixture for 10min at 4000rpm, pouring out supernate, measuring the phosphorus content, and extracting loosely bound phosphorus;
2) addition of BD reagent (from 0.11M NaHCO) to the solid was continued3Mixing with 0.11M sodium hydrosulfite), shaking in a shaking table for 1h, centrifuging, pouring out the supernatant, aerating for about 20 min to yellow, and measuring the phosphorus content, wherein the extracted phosphorus is in iron-manganese combined state;
3) continuously adding 0.1M NaOH solution into the centrifuged solid, reacting, oscillating for 16h, and centrifuging, wherein the supernatant is divided into two parts: one half of the solution is filtered and then the phosphorus content of the solution is measured, namely the aluminum-bound phosphorus (NaOH-P), the other half of the solution is digested by potassium sulfate (120 ℃, 30min) and then the phosphorus content of the solution is measured, namely NaOH-TP, and the difference value between the NaOH-TP and the NaOH-P is organic phosphorus (Org-P);
4) adding 0.5M HCl solution into the solid, reacting, oscillating for 16h, centrifuging, and measuring the phosphorus content in the supernatant, wherein the extracted phosphorus is calcium-bound phosphorus (HCl-P);
5) the centrifuged solid obtained in the previous step was mixed with 10mL of 8% potassium persulfate and 5mL of 30% sulfuric acid, and the phosphorus content was measured after digestion (120 ℃ C., 40min), at which time the most stable residual phosphorus (Res-P) was extracted.
As shown in figure 1, the phosphorus forms of the bottom sludge before and after treatment are obviously converted, the contents of active phosphorus which is easy to release, iron-manganese combined-state phosphorus which is easy to release under the reducing condition of the eutrophic lake and organic phosphorus are obviously reduced, the content of aluminum combined-state phosphorus which can be stably and not released under the reducing condition is greatly increased, and acid soluble-state phosphorus and residue phosphorus which are originally stable in other two kinds of original bottom sludge are not greatly changed. The conversion from easily released phosphorus to stable phosphorus occurs after the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is added, so that the release of the endogenous phosphorus is controlled, and the phosphorus concentration of the lake water body is reduced.
Example 4:
an endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of natural zeolite, 79.7 parts of aluminum hydroxide and 0.3 part of chitosan.
The preparation method of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing chitosan into a solution, and then mixing the solution with natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide to obtain the endogenous phosphorus passivation material.
The method comprises the following steps:
1) mixing water and glacial acetic acid, adding chitosan, stirring and dissolving to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) adding caustic soda and stirring to neutralize redundant glacial acetic acid;
3) adding natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide, fully stirring, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying to obtain the endogenous phosphorus passivation material.
Wherein the ratio of the volume of water to the total mass of chitosan, natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide is 10m31 ton, the volume ratio of glacial acetic acid to water is 0.005:1, every 1m32kg of caustic soda was added to the chitosan solution.
In the steps 1), 2) and 3), the stirring speed is 1000 rpm, and the stirring time is 1 minute, 5 minutes and 10 minutes, respectively.
The method for restoring the eutrophic water body by combining the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and the submerged plant comprises the following steps: firstly adding the prepared suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material into a water body, and planting submerged plants to jointly restore the eutrophic water body when the phosphorus concentration of the water body is reduced, the growth of algae is inhibited, and the transparency of the water body is improved to be suitable for the growth of the submerged plants.
The suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is prepared by the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and water on site; the ratio of the volume of water to the mass of the endogenous phosphorus passivating material in the suspension of endogenous phosphorus passivating material is 15m31 ton. The dosage of the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is as follows: every 1m2100g of endogenous phosphorus passivation material is added to the water area.
The adding method of the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following steps: and (3) adopting a submersible stirring type slurry pump, putting the pump into the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material, and stirring and adding the pump at the same time so as to ensure that the adding is uniform.
The submerged plant includes herba Eupatorii and herba Sonchi Oleracei.
Example 5:
an endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of natural zeolite, 17 parts of aluminum hydroxide and 3 parts of chitosan.
The preparation method of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing chitosan into a solution, and then mixing the solution with natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide to obtain the endogenous phosphorus passivation material.
The method comprises the following steps:
1) mixing water and glacial acetic acid, adding chitosan, stirring and dissolving to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) adding caustic soda and stirring to neutralize redundant glacial acetic acid;
3) adding natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide, fully stirring, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying to obtain the endogenous phosphorus passivation material.
Wherein the volume of water is equal to that of chitosan and natural zeoliteAnd aluminum hydroxide in a total mass ratio of 1m31 ton, the volume ratio of glacial acetic acid to water is 0.05:1, and each 1m320kg of caustic soda was added to the chitosan solution.
In the steps 1), 2) and 3), the stirring speed is 100 rpm, and the stirring time is 10 minutes, 1 minute and 60 minutes, respectively.
The method for restoring the eutrophic water body by combining the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and the submerged plant comprises the following steps: firstly adding the prepared suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material into a water body, and planting submerged plants to jointly restore the eutrophic water body when the phosphorus concentration of the water body is reduced, the growth of algae is inhibited, and the transparency of the water body is improved to be suitable for the growth of the submerged plants.
The suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is prepared by the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and water on site; in the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivating material, the ratio of the volume of water to the mass of the endogenous phosphorus passivating material is 2m31 ton. The dosage of the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is as follows: every 1m2900g of endogenous phosphorus passivation material is added to the water area.
The adding method of the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following steps: and (3) adopting a submersible stirring type slurry pump, putting the pump into the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material, and stirring and adding the pump at the same time so as to ensure that the adding is uniform.
The submerged plant is Foliumet tailer.
Example 6:
an endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of natural zeolite, 48 parts of aluminum hydroxide and 2 parts of chitosan.
The preparation method of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing chitosan into a solution, and then mixing the solution with natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide to obtain the endogenous phosphorus passivation material.
The method comprises the following steps:
1) mixing water and glacial acetic acid, adding chitosan, stirring and dissolving to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) adding caustic soda and stirring to neutralize redundant glacial acetic acid;
3) adding natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide, fully stirring, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying to obtain the endogenous phosphorus passivation material.
Wherein the ratio of the volume of water to the total mass of chitosan, natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide is 5m31 ton, the volume ratio of glacial acetic acid to water is 0.03:1, and each 1m310kg of caustic soda was added to the chitosan solution.
In the steps 1), 2) and 3), the stirring speed is 500 rpm, and the stirring time is 5 minutes, 3 minutes and 35 minutes, respectively.
The method for restoring the eutrophic water body by combining the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and the submerged plant comprises the following steps: firstly adding the prepared suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material into a water body, and planting submerged plants to jointly restore the eutrophic water body when the phosphorus concentration of the water body is reduced, the growth of algae is inhibited, and the transparency of the water body is improved to be suitable for the growth of the submerged plants.
The suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is prepared by the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and water on site; in the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivating material, the ratio of the volume of water to the mass of the endogenous phosphorus passivating material is 8m31 ton. The dosage of the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is as follows: every 1m2500g of endogenous phosphorus passivation material is added to the water area.
The adding method of the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material comprises the following steps: and (3) adopting a submersible stirring type slurry pump, putting the pump into the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material, and stirring and adding the pump at the same time so as to ensure that the adding is uniform.
The submerged plant is hydrilla verticillata.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The endogenous phosphorus passivation material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20-80 parts of natural zeolite, 17-79.7 parts of aluminum hydroxide and 0.3-3 parts of chitosan.
2. A method of producing an endogenous phosphorus passivation material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises: preparing chitosan into solution, and then mixing the solution with natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide to obtain the endogenous phosphorus passivation material.
3. A method of producing an endogenous phosphorus passivation material according to claim 2, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
1) mixing water and glacial acetic acid, adding chitosan, stirring and dissolving to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) adding caustic soda and stirring to neutralize redundant glacial acetic acid;
3) adding natural zeolite and aluminum hydroxide, fully stirring, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying to obtain the endogenous phosphorus passivation material.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the ratio of the volume of water to the total mass of the chitosan, the natural zeolite and the aluminum hydroxide is 1-10m31 ton, the volume ratio of the glacial acetic acid to the water is 0.005-0.05:1, and each 1m32-20kg of caustic soda is added into the chitosan solution.
5. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the stirring speed in step 1), step 2) and step 3) is 100-1000 rpm, and the stirring time is 1-10 min, 1-5 min and 10-60 min, respectively.
6. Use of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material of claim 1 in the remediation of eutrophic waters.
7. A method for restoring eutrophic water body by combining endogenous phosphorus passivation material and submerged plant is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: firstly, adding the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material as claimed in claim 1 into a water body, and planting submerged plants when the phosphorus concentration of the water body is reduced, the growth of algae is inhibited, and the transparency of the water body is improved to be suitable for the growth of the submerged plants, so as to carry out combined remediation on the eutrophic water body.
8. The method for remediating the eutrophic water body by combining the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and the submerged plant as recited in claim 7, wherein the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is prepared by the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and water on site; in the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material, the ratio of the volume of water to the mass of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is 2-15m31 ton.
9. The method for remediating the eutrophic water body by combining the endogenous phosphorus passivation material and the submerged plant as recited in claim 7, wherein the amount of the suspension of the endogenous phosphorus passivation material is as follows: every 1m2Adding 900g of 100-900g of endogenous phosphorus passivation material into the water area.
10. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the submerged plant comprises one or more of hydrilla verticillata, watermifera, gynura bicolor or sow thistle.
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