CN1150149C - 紫杉烷类化合物的合成方法 - Google Patents

紫杉烷类化合物的合成方法 Download PDF

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CN1150149C
CN1150149C CNB988100142A CN98810014A CN1150149C CN 1150149 C CN1150149 C CN 1150149C CN B988100142 A CNB988100142 A CN B988100142A CN 98810014 A CN98810014 A CN 98810014A CN 1150149 C CN1150149 C CN 1150149C
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R·A·霍尔汤
P·夫尤
T·格哈保尤伊
V·瑞保尔
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Abstract

用碱及甲硅烷化试剂处理化合物4用于制备化合物5的方法。

Description

紫杉烷类化合物的合成方法
本发明涉及到由冰片1及樟脑2(已知的商用原料)制备桨果赤霉素III,紫杉醇,多烯紫杉醇(docetaxel)及其类似物的方法。
有人已经提出从大量制备的化工原料开始,对紫杉醇及其它四环紫杉烷类化合物进行的全合成方法。例如在5405972号美国专利中,Holton等人公开了从冰片1及樟脑2得到的(β-绿叶油环氧化物)来合成紫杉醇及其它四环类紫杉烷的方法。然而此制备方法在收率方面尚留有进一步改进的余地。
Leriverend及Conia(Bull.Soc.Chim.Fr.,1970,1060)发现:由冰片及樟脑极易得到二醇类化合物4,当二醇类化合物4加热至220℃1小时左右,发生重排反应得到比例为1∶2的酮类化合物5及酮类化合物6的混合物。酮类化合物5广泛应用于紫杉烷类化合物的合成。
二醇类化合物4,酮类化合物5及酮类化合物6的制备见反应路线1。
反应路线1
简而言之,本发明涉及到高收率地制备酮类化合物5且不混有酮类化合物6的方法。该方法包括用碱及甲硅烷化试剂处理具有如下结构的化合物
Figure C9881001400041
从而形成具有如下结构的化合物。
本发明进一步涉及到将酮类化合物5转变为紫杉醇,多烯紫杉醇及其它紫杉烷类化合物的制备方法。在此方法中,下式酮类化合物5衍生物:
在叔胺碱,优选三乙胺,存在条件下,用烷基金属类试剂优选叔丁基锂或用路易斯酸优选TMSOTf处理,得到式13化合物
其中P2为氢或羟基保护基。将酮类化合物5转变为紫杉醇,多烯紫杉醇及其它紫杉烷类化合物的方法还包括在叔胺碱优选三乙胺存在条件下,用路易斯酸优选TMSOTf处理下式化合物,
Figure C9881001400051
得到下式化合物。
Figure C9881001400052
其中P2及P10可以分别是氢或羟基保护基。
本发明另外还涉及到具有下式的中间体,
Figure C9881001400053
其中P2,P9,P10及P13分别是氢或羟基保护基。用标准方法进行脱羟基保护基反应,可以将含有一个或几个羟基保护基的化合物转变为相对应的羟基化合物。上述化合物是合成浆果赤霉素III,1-去氧浆果赤霉素III,紫杉醇,1-去氧紫杉醇,多烯紫杉醇,1-去氧多烯紫杉醇及其类似物的关键中间体。
本发明的其它目的及特征将分别详述于后面。
本发明提供了一种相对于异构体6的较高收率的酮类化合物5的制备方法。在甲硅烷化试剂存在条件下,用碱处理二醇类化合物4可以得到95%以上收率的酮类化合物5。所使用的碱优选强于烷氧类碱的碱。更优选碱是氢化物或氨化物碱。再优选碱是氢化钾或六甲基二硅氮化钾。所使用的碱不应该与反应中使用的硅烷化试剂发生作用。
反应中使用的甲硅烷化试剂包括那些含有-SiR1R2R3基团的化合物,其中R1,R2及R3分别是取代或未取代的C1-6烷基,C2-6链烯基,C2-6炔基,单环芳基,或单环杂芳基。这些甲硅烷化试剂还包括氢化物或三氟甲磺酸盐基团,例如三烃基甲硅烷卤化物或三烃基甲硅烷基三氟甲磺酸盐。这些甲硅烷化试剂中的烃基部分可以是取代的或未取代的,优选是取代的或未取代的烷基或芳基。三烷基甲硅烷卤化物中的烷基优选是含有1至4个碳的烷基。更优选甲硅烷化试剂为三乙基甲硅烷氯化物。反应中优选使用醚性溶剂,更优选是四氢呋喃。
反应中温度不是窄范围的,温度可以影响反应的总收率。优选反应温度保持在低于约50℃下,更优选保持在25℃或以下。更优选初始温度保持在0℃或以下,然后再将温度保持在25℃或以下。如实施例所示,将反应温度控制在后一条件下,得到酮类化合物5的收率为96%。
同样,二醇类化合物4,碱及甲硅烷化试剂的加入顺序也是可以变化的。例如二醇类化合物4,碱及甲硅烷化试剂可以在反应开始前放在一起,在一步中反应或将这些试剂如实施例中所述投放。
尽管可以使用不同比例的试剂来进行反应,但在上述反应中试剂(以及在本申请的讨论的反应中所用试剂)优选是大约按化学定量计算来提供的。
不受任何具体理论束缚,有证据认为二醇类化合物4上的两个羟基在碱的作用下发生脱质子作用。处在较小空间位阻上的脱质子羟基(即在反应路线1中,处在二醇4结构前面的羟基)与甲硅烷化试剂反应得到带保护基的羟基化合物。另外一个脱质子羟基(即在反应路线1中,处在二醇4结构后面的羟基)不与硅烷化试剂发生反应。保护的二醇类化合物4再经过氧-Cope重排反应得到含有甲硅烷化烯醇醚及烯醇酯的九元环结构。加水后,烯醇酯脱质子且在硅烷化烯醇醚的位置上进行醇醛缩合反应得到酮类化合物5。
如下所示,酮类化合物5可以进一步转变为用于合成其它紫杉烷的中间体。
如反应路线2所示,在醚性溶剂优选四氢呋喃中,用氨化物碱优选碱金属氨化物碱,更优选LHMDS,然后用羟基化剂优选氧杂氮丙啶,更优选苯磺酰氧杂氮丙啶处理酮类化合物5得到烯丙醇类化合物7,然后在环氧化试剂优选过氧酸,更优选间氯过氧苯甲酸的存在下,烯丙醇类化合物7可转变为环氧化合物8。环氧类化合物8用氢化物还原试剂优选硼氢化物更优选硼氢化钠通过立体选择性还原反应得到二醇9(其中P2为氢)。化合物9的仲羟基可以用标准方法用任何保护基团保护。在叔按碱优选三乙胺存在下,用路易斯酸处理化合物9进行重排反应得到化合物10。总之,可以使用的路易斯酸包括三氟甲磺酸盐和IB,IIB,IIIB,IVB,VB,VIB,VIIB,VIII,IIA,IIIA,IVA,镧系和锕系元素的卤代物(美国化学会志),优选的路易斯酸是TMSOTf。化合物10中的仲羟基可以用任何保护基进行保护,P10及P2可以相同也可以不同,且彼此间在化学上极易区分。
反应路线2
或如反应路线3中所示,在路易斯酸存在的条件下优选镧系金属卤化物或三氟甲磺酸盐用氢化物还原剂优选硼氢化物优选硼氢化钠处理酮类化合物5可以选择性得到烯丙醇类化合物11,化合物11在过氧酸例如间氯过氧苯甲酸存在条件下或在金属催化剂或促进剂例如钛Ti(+4)或钒V(+5)存在下用过氧化氢例如叔丁基过氧化氢使化合物11在α面发生环氧化反应,得到环氧化物12(P2为氢)。用标准方法及任何保护基可以将化合物12的仲羟基进行保护。化合物12中的环氧环用烷基金属试剂优选烷基锂更优选叔丁基锂或在叔胺碱优选三乙胺存在条件下用路易斯酸将化合物12中的环氧环打开后得到烯丙醇类化合物13。总之,所使用的路易斯酸包括三氟甲磺酸盐和IB,IIB,IIIB,IVB,VB,VIB,VIIB,VIII,IIIA,IVA,镧系和锕系元素的卤化物,优选的路易斯酸为三氟甲磺酸盐。烯丙醇类化合物13在过氧酸例如间氯过氧苯甲酸存在条件下或在金属催化剂或促进剂例如钛Ti(+4)或钒V(+5)存在下用氢过氧化物例如叔丁基过氧化氢使化合物13在α面发生环氧化反应,得到化合物14。在叔胺碱优选三乙胺存在下,用路易斯酸处理化合物14发生重排反应得到化合物15。总之,所使用的路易斯酸包括三氟甲磺酸盐和IB,IIB,IIIB,IVB,VB,VIB,VIIB,VIII,IIIA,IVA,镧系和锕系元素的卤化物,优选的路易斯酸为三氟甲磺酸盐。化合物15中的仲羟基可以用任何保护基团进行保护,P10,P2可以相同或不同并在化学上互相很易区分。
应该注意到:化合物15是10的C2表异构体。
反应路线3
醇10及醇15经过环氧醇裂解作用,可以分别得到具有紫杉烷AB环结构的化合物16及化合物17(P13为氢)。首先底物用环氧化试剂处理,然后在金属盐存在条件下加热得以进行环氧醇裂解反应。环氧化剂优选是过氧酸例如间氯过氧苯甲酸或在金属催化剂或促进剂例如钛Ti(+4)或钒V(+5)存在条件下,为氢过氧化物例如叔丁基过氧化氢。优选金属盐是IA,IIA,IIIB,IVB,VB,VIB,VIIB,VIII族金属的卤化物或烷氧化物,优选的金属盐是四异丙氧醇钛。优选的环氧化试剂是在四异丙氧醇钛存在下为叔丁基过氧化氢。化合物16及化合物17中碳13位上的仲羟基可以用任何保护基团进行保护,P13,P10及P2可以相同也可以不同,且彼此间在化学结构上易于区分。
Figure C9881001400102
如反应路线4所示:用钾碱及碘甲烷处理化合物17(P2,P10及P13均为羟基保护基)得到化合物18,新引入的甲基具有β构型。优选的钾碱是六甲基二硅氮化钾,优选的溶剂是四氢呋喃,优选温度为-5℃至0℃。用碱随后用戊烯醛处理化合物18(P2,P10及P13均为羟基保护基)得到化合物19(P2,P10及P13均为羟基保护基,P7为氢)。优选的碱是氨化锂及氨化镁更优选的碱是二异丙基溴镁氨化物(BMDA),优选的溶剂是四氢呋喃,优选温度为-45℃至0℃。化合物19中碳7位上的羟基可以用各种羟基保护基进行保护。例如:用光气,吡啶然后用乙醇处理化合物19,选择性除去P2基团,得到可以用于浆果赤霉素III及紫杉醇全合成(见J.Amer.Chem.Soc.1994,116,1597-1600)的中间体19(P2为氢,P7为CO2Et,P10为TES,P13为TBS)。
反应路线4
Figure C9881001400111
如反应路线5所示:用一系列标准氧化试剂对化合物10(P10为氢)和化合物15(P10为氢)进行氧化分别得到化合物21及化合物20。优选的氧化试剂是铬类试剂。重铬酸吡啶鎓盐是特别优选的氧化试剂。用氢化物还原试剂对化合物21和化合物20进行还原分别得到化合物23(P10为氢)和化合物22(P10为氢)。优选的还原试剂选自硼氢化物及氢铝化物,其中氢化锂铝为更优选的还原试剂。化合物23(P10为氢)及化合物22(P10为氢)中新引入的仲羟基可以用不同保护基团进行保护,因而P10及P2可以相同也可以不同,在化学结构上彼此易于区分。醇类化合物23及醇类化合物22经过环氧醇裂解分别得到具有紫杉烷AB环结构的化合物25及化合物24(P13为氢)。化合物24及化合物25中碳13位上的仲羟基可以用不同的保护基进行保护,因而P13,P10及P2可以相同也可以不同,在化学结构上彼此易于区分。
反应路线5
Figure C9881001400121
如反应路线6所示:酮类化合物20可以进一步氧化得到更高级的紫杉烷合成中间体。用氨化物碱及三烃基甲硅烷卤化物或三氟甲磺酸盐处理化合物20得到甲硅烷化烯醇醚的中间体,直接用过酸处理该中间体即可得到化合物26(P9为氢)。优选的氨化物碱是碱金属氨化物碱,更优选LDA。优选的三烃基甲硅烷卤化物或三氟甲磺酸盐是三烷基甲硅烷氯,三乙基甲硅烷氯更优选。优选的过酸包括过氧羧酸,间氯过氧苯甲酸特别优选。化合物26中碳9位上的仲羟基可以用不同的保护基进行保护,因而P9,P10及P2可以相同也可以不同,在化学结构上彼此易于区分。用氢化物还原试剂将化合物26进行还原可以得到化合物27(P10为氢)。优选的还原试剂选自硼氢化物及铝氢化物,其中氢化锂铝特别优选。化合物27(P10为氢)中新引入的仲羟基可以用一系列不同基团进行保护,因而P10,P9及P2可以相同也可以不同,且在化学结构上彼此易于区分。醇类化合物27经过环氧醇裂解得到具有紫杉烷AB环结构的化合物28(P13为氢)。化合物2中碳13位上的仲羟基可以用一系列不同的保护基进行保护,因而P13,P10,P9及P2可以相同也可以不同,且化学结构上彼此易于区分。用氨化物碱(优选碱金属氨化物碱更优选LHMDS)及卤甲烷或磺酸甲酯(优选碘甲烷)在醚性溶剂中优选四氢呋喃处理化合物28可以得到在碳1去氧浆果赤霉素III(见PCT Patent Application Serial No.PCT/US97/07569,International Publication No.WO 97/42181)全合成中作为中间体的化合物29。
反应路线6
定义
本文中所使用的术语“LHMDS”为六甲基二硅氮化锂;“KHMDS”为六甲基二硅氮化钾;“LDA”为二异丙基氨化锂;“BMDA”为氨化二异丙基溴镁;“PSO”为苯磺酰氧杂氮丙啶;“THF”为四氢呋喃;“mCPBA”为间氯过氧苯甲酸;“TES”为三乙基甲硅烷基;“TMS”三甲基甲硅烷基;“Tf”为SO2CF3;“TEA”为三乙胺;“t-BuLi”为叔丁基锂;“PDC”为重铬酸吡啶鎓;“LAH”为氢化锂铝;“TBHP”为叔丁基过氧化氢;“TTIP”为四异丙醇钛;“protected hydroxy”为OP,其中P是羟基保护基;“hydroxy protecting group”包括但不局限于2至10个碳的缩醛,2至10个碳的缩酮,醚例如甲基,叔丁基,苯甲基,对甲氧苯甲基,对硝基苯甲基,烯丙基,三苯甲基,甲氧甲基,甲氧乙氧甲基,乙氧乙基,四氢吡喃,四氢硫代吡喃,三烷基甲硅烷基醚例如三甲基甲硅烷基醚,三乙基甲硅烷基醚,二甲芳基甲硅烷基醚,三异丙基甲硅烷基醚,二甲基叔丁基甲硅烷基醚;酯例如苯甲酰基,乙酰基,苯乙酰基,甲酰基,一卤代乙酰基,二卤代乙酰基,三卤代乙酰基例如一氯乙酰基,二氯乙酰基,三氯乙酰基,三氟乙酰基;碳酸酯包括但不局限于1至6个碳的烷基碳酸酯例如甲基,乙基,正丙基,异丙基,正丁基,叔丁基,异丁基,正戊基;1至6个碳的烷基碳酸酯并被一或多个卤原子取代例如2,2,2-三氯乙氧甲基,2,2,2-三氯乙基;2至6个碳的链烯基碳酸酯例如乙烯基,烯丙基;3至6个碳的环烷基碳酸酯例如环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基;在环上由一个或多个1至6个碳的烷氧基或硝基取代的苯基或苯甲基碳酸酯。其它一些羟基保护基见“Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”T.W.Greene,John Wiley and Sons,1981,1991第二版。
本文所描述的“hydrocarbon”部分为有机化合物或仅由碳氢元素构成的基团。这些部分包括烷基,烯基,炔基和芳基。这些部分还包括由其它脂肪族或环烃基例如烷芳基,烯芳基,炔芳基取代的烷基,烯基,炔基和芳基。优选这些部分含有1至20个碳原子。
本文所描述的烷基优选是主链上含有1至6个碳原子且不超过20个碳原子的低级烷烃。它们可以是直链或支链,其中包括甲基,乙基,丙基,异丙基,丁基,己基等。它们可以由脂肪族或环烃取代,或由本文定义的各种杂原子取代的取代基取代。
本文所描述的烯基最好是主链上含有2至6个碳原子且不超过20个碳原子的低级烯烃。它们可以是直链或支链,其中包括乙烯基,丙烯基,异丙烯基,丁烯基,异丁烯基,己烯基等。它们可以由脂肪族或环烃取代,或由本文定义的各种杂原子取代的取代基取代。
本文所描述的炔基最好是主链上含有2至6个碳原子且不超过20个碳原子的低级炔烃。它们可以是直链或支链,其中包括乙炔基,丙炔基,丁炔基,异丁炔基,己炔基等。它们可以由脂肪族或环烃取代,或由本文定义的各种杂原子取代的取代基取代。
本文所描述的芳香基部分为含有6至20个碳原子并且包括苯基。它们可以是碳氢或由本文定义的杂取代的基团。苯环是优选的芳基。
本文所描述的杂芳基部分为杂环类化合物或类似于芳香化合物的基团或含有5至20个碳原子且通常为5元环或6元环,其中至少有一个原子不是碳,例如:呋喃,噻吩,吡啶等。杂芳基部分可以由烃,杂原子取代的烃或含有杂原子(选自氮,氧,硅,磷,硼,硫及卤素)的取代基所取代。这些取代基包括低级烷氧基例如甲氧基,乙氧基,丁氧基;卤素为氯,氟;醚;缩醛;缩酮;酯;杂芳基例如呋喃或噻吩;烷酰氧基;羟基;保护的羟基;酰基;酰氧基;硝基;氨基及酰胺基。
本文所描述的杂原子取代烃部分为取代的烃,其中至少有一个原子不是碳,其中碳链上碳由杂原子例如氮,氧,硅,磷,硼,硫及卤素原子取代。这些取代基包括低级烷氧基例如甲氧基,乙氧基,丁氧基;卤素如氯或氟;醚;缩醛;缩酮;酯;杂芳基例如呋喃或噻吩;烷酰氧基;羟基;保护的羟基;酰基;酰氧基;硝基;氨基及酰胺基。
本文所描述的酰基部分包含烃,取代烃或杂芳基部分。
本文所描述的烷氧羰氧基部分包括低级烃或取代烃。
用下面的实施例阐述本发明:
实施例
(-)-(1S)樟脑2
于0℃往600克(3.89摩尔)(-)冰片的1.5升冰醋酸巨烈搅拌溶液中于1小时内加入7.5升家用漂白剂(商品名为ChloroxTM)。30分钟后,过滤得到800克固体,将固体溶于2升己烷中,该溶液用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液及盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后得到570克樟脑(收率为96%)
2:mp:178-180℃;[α]D 25=-39(c=3.0,EtOH),1H NMR见表;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):9.20,19.10,19.74,27.02,29.90,43.05,43.25,46.73,57.64,219.46.
在CDCl3中樟脑2的500MHz 1H NMR数据
             
             紫杉烷编号图
                  2
Proton    δ(ppm)    J(Hz)         n.O.e.(%)
1β                2.09       4.6(2β)      2β(1.0)
                     3.6(14β)
2α                1.85       17.4(2β)     2β(6.5)
2β                2.35       17.4(2α)     1β(0.9);2α(5.7);16(1.2)
                     3.6(1β)
                     3.1(14β)
13α              1.41       12.7(13β)    13β(6.8)
                     9.3(14α)
                3.8(14β)
13β                          1.68    12.7(13α)    14β(1.7);13β(10.9);17(1.9);18(.7)
                12.6(14β)
                4.4(14α)
14α                          1.34    12.3(14β)    14β(7.4)
                9.6(13α)
                4.4(13β)
14β                          1.96    12.3(14α)    13β(0.8);14α(9.6);17(1.3)
                12.6(13β)
                3.8(13α)
                3.6(1β)
                3.1(2β)
16      0.84    s             2β(1.0);1β(0.6)
17      0.97    s             1β(0.1);14β(0.5);13β(0.4)
18      0.92    s             13β(0.4)
(+)-樟脑酮3
于25℃往370克(2.43摩尔)(-)樟脑的300ml乙酸酐溶液中加入500克(4.5摩尔)二氧化硒。反应液伴随巨烈机械搅拌于150℃加热回流4小时,用粗滤纸过滤,残余物用200ml乙酸乙酯洗涤十次。乙酸乙酯溶液与乙酸酐滤液合并,浓缩至500ml。将溶液降至0℃,过滤收集亮黄色固体。将滤液浓缩至300ml后,冷却得到第二批黄色产品。将剩余残余物冷却至-10℃,加入15%氢氧化钠至碱性,用1升乙酸乙酯提取两次。收集的黄色固体溶于乙酸乙酯提取液中,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液及盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后得到378克樟脑酮3(收率为94%)。
3:mp:210-203℃;[α]D 25=+95.8(c=4.0,甲苯);1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):0.94(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.11(s,3H),1.64(m,2H),1.91(m,1H),2.17(m,1H),2.62(d,5.2).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):8.71,17.37,21.05,22.25,29.91,42.54,57.96,58.62,202.79,204.77.
二醇4
于0℃向800ml 1.0摩尔浓℃的乙基溴化镁的四氢呋喃溶液中加入60克(0.36摩尔)(+)樟脑酮3的360ml四氢呋喃溶液。混合物升温至25℃,12小时后滴入10ml去离子水。5分钟后滴入10ml5%盐酸。用1升乙酸乙酯稀释反应液,分出有机层,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液及盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后得到棕色固体。该固体于-78℃用己烷进行重结晶得到60.5克二醇4。母液用色谱法纯制又得到12克二醇4。总产量为72.5克(收率为91%)
4:mp:84-85℃;[α]D 25=+12(c=1.4,CHCl3);1H NMR(500 MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):见表;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)10.06,22.49,23.00,23.13,30.45,49.46,54.32,56.26,83.56,85.23,114.40,114.71,140.56,141.39;IR(CHCl3),υ(cm-1):3607,3550,3090,1620;质谱(CI)223.6(M++1),205.4.
二醇4在CDCl3中的500MHz 1H NMR数据
Figure C9881001400191
Proton     δ(ppm)    J(Hz)        n.O.e.(%)
3          6.25       16.6(8β)    10α(0.65);8α(3.5);14α(4.7)
                      10.2(8α)
10α                 6.15       16.6(9β)    3α(1.1);9α(4.4);13α(7.1)
                      10.2(9α)
9β                   5.38       16.6(10α)   8α+9α(10.1);3OH+11OH(1.3)
                       1.6(9α)
8β                   5.36       16.6(3α)
                       1.6(8α)
8α                   5.19       10.2(3α)    3α+10α(2.8);8β+9β(10.9)
                       1.6(8β)
9α                   5.19       10.2
                       1.6
OH          2.73                    8β+9β(2.1);16(4.2)
OH          2.68
1β                   1.84       4.7(14b)     8β(0.5);14β(2.62);16(0.8);17(1.1)
14β                 1.67       14.2         1(1.8);14α(10.6);13β(1.1);17(5.5)
                       12.5
                       4.7
                       3.1
14α                  1.56       m            3α(2.8);8α(0.7);1β(1.0);14β(2.1);
13α                  1.52       m            10α(7.1);13β(10.6)
13β&Me16   1.36       m            1β(1.5);14β(2.4);13α(41);17(2.6);
18(1.5)     Me17       0.91         1β(1.0);14β(2);
13β+16(3.9)
Me18         0.82      10α(1.2);9β(0.3);11OH(0.4);
13β+16(2.1)
酮5
于-78℃向20克(0.5摩尔)氢化钾的400ml四氢呋喃悬浮液中加入43克(0.19摩尔)二醇4的300ml四氢呋喃溶液。2小时后加入39ml(0.23摩尔)氯化三乙基甲硅烷。2小时后,溶液升温至25℃。8小时后,滴入50ml去离子水。1小时后,溶液用1升己烷和200ml去离子水分层。分出有机层,用100ml盐水洗涤两次,用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得到固状物。该固状物用己烷于-78℃进行重结晶得到35克烯酮5。母液用闪式色谱法纯化(洗脱液为10%乙酸乙酯/己烷)进一步得到3克烯酮5。合并后的产量为38克(收率为96%)。
5:mp 95-97℃;[α]D 25=-7(c=4.25,CHCl3);1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3),见表;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)15.1,18.9,21.9,23.2,23.9,28.7,33.9,35.9,49.3,51.4,62.0,135.4,172.4,201.3;质谱(CI)205.4(M++1).
烯酮5在CDCl3中的500MHz 1H NMR数据
Figure C9881001400201
Proton    δ(ppm)    J(Hz)        n.O.e.(%)
1β                  2.43      7.5(14β)    14β(1.9);17(2.5);16(0.8)
10β+10α+8α   2.56    m           18(1.5);9α+9β(3.0)
8β                       2.48    m           9α+9β(5.2)
9α+9β               1.93    m           10β+10α+8α(4.4);8β(2,6)
13β                     1.87    12.5(13α)  14β(0.4);13α(10.3);18(1.3);
17(1.8)
                      10.4(13β)
                      2.9(14α)
13α                      1.60    12.5(13β)   10α(0.5);13β(15.2);14α(3.4);
18(0.8)
                      11.5(14α)
                      3.2(13α)
14β                      2.18    12.7(14β)   1β(4.0);13β(3.5);14α(18.0);
                                   7.5(1β) 17(2.2);16(1.0)
                      10.4(13β)
                      3.2(13α)
14α                      1.40    12.7(14β)   1β(1.7);14β(16.8);13α(1.4)
                      11.5(13α)
                      2.9(13β)
Me18          1.11                 10β(2.3);13β(1.1);13α(0.3)
Me17          0.93                 1β(1.7);14β(1.1),13β(1.4);18(0.6);
16(1.0)
Me16          0.87                 9β(0.3);1b(0.7);18(0.9);17(0.2)
酮7
于0℃向2.0克(9.8摩尔)烯酮5的150ml四氢呋喃溶液中加入2克(10毫摩尔)KHMDS。1小时后将溶液冷却至-78℃,加入3.8克(14.5毫摩尔)N-苯磺酰基苯氧杂氮丙啶150ml四氢呋喃溶液。2小时后,将混合物升温至25℃,用200ml乙酸乙酯及饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液分层,有机层用盐水洗涤并用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后得到固状物。该粗品用层析法纯化(洗脱液为20%乙酸乙酯/己烷)得到1.52克(6.9毫摩尔)的油状物7(收率为70%)。
7:mp 70-71℃;[α]D 25=-14.1;1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3);δ(ppm):0.64(s,3H);0.97(s,3H):1.15(s,3H);1.79(s,1H),1.88(m,1H),1.99(m,1H),2.07(m,3H),2.19(m,1H),2.22(ddd,J=16.4,8.4,3.3,1H),2.43(d,J=7.7,1H),2.58(m,J=8.5,2.2,1H),5.69(dd,J-3.3,2.2,1H):13C NMR(100 MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):16.79,21.03,23.03,25.12,28.13,34.06,35.99,46.89,47.60,62.53,85.63,127.72,151.56,212.72.
环氧醇8
于25℃向1.0克(4.5毫摩尔)羟基酮7的50ml己烷溶液中加入1.8克(纯℃为65%,6.8毫摩尔)mCPBA。1小时后,混合物用150ml乙酸乙酯稀释后加入30ml 10%硫代硫酸钠水溶液。混合物用200ml乙酸乙酯及150ml饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液分层。分出有机层,用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后得到1.05克(4.44毫摩尔,收率为98%)固状物8。
8:mp 65-67℃;[α]D 25=-83.5°(c=1.15,CHCl3);1H NMR(500 MHz,CDCl3),见表;13C NMR(100 MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):13.91,20.21,23.07,24.40,24.87,33.01,34.32,45.33,45.62,61.84,66.86,75.75,82.75,208.43.
环氧物8的400MHz 1H NMR数据
Proton      δ(ppm)      J(Hz)         n.O.e.(%)
1β                      2.52        7.3(14β)     14β(1.1);17(0.8)
8α                      2.71        14.9(8β)     9α(-0.3);9β(2.1);8β(11.2)
                         11.4(9β)
                         4.5(9α)
8β                      1.58        14.9(8α)     8α(39.4);9β(0.9)
                         9.4(9α)
                         5.9(9β)
9α                      2.11        15.0(9β)     10β(1.1);9β(11.2);13β(2.1)
                         9.4(8β)
                         4.5(8α)
9β                      1.70        15.0(9α)     10β(1.2);8α(2.8);9α(9.7);
                         11.4(8α)
                         5.9(8β)
                         2.3(10β)
10β                    3.55        2.3(9β)      9α(0.9);9β(2.0);18(3.6);16(0.4)
13α                    2.35        12.9(13β)    14α(0.9);13β(12.6)
                         9.2(14α)
                         4.5(14β)
13β                    1.75        15.0(14β)    13α(11.0);14β(3.9);172.1);18(0.4)
                         12.9(13α)
                         4.2(14α)
14α                    2.26        13.2(14β)    14β(9.8)
                         9.2(13α)
                         4.2(13β)
14β                    2.01        15.0(13β)    1β(2.8);14α(12.0);13β(2.7);
172.3)
                         13.2(14α)
                         7.3(1β)
                         4.5(13α)
16       0.78       10β(0.6);8β(0.6);1β(0.8);9β(1.2);
17(1.5)
17       0.99       1β(1.4);14β(1.3);13β(1.1);
18(1.0)             16(1.3)
18       0.82       10b(2.0);13b(1.2);17(1.3)
环氧9(P2为氢)
于0℃向4.52克(20.5毫摩尔)羟基酮类化合物7的150ml甲醇溶液中加入1.55克(41.0毫摩尔)硼氢化钠。1小时后加入25ml1摩尔浓℃的氢氧化钠水溶液。混合物用200ml乙酸乙酯稀释。分别用水,饱和氯化铵水溶液,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液及盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后得到4.53克(19毫摩尔,收率为100%)白色固状环氧物9(P2为氢)。
9(P2=H):mp 122-124;[α]D 25=+28(c=1.7,MeOH);1H NMR(500 MHz,
CDCl3),见表;13C NMR(100 MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):13.38,20.92,24.41,
25.09,25.95,32.12,35.48,44.22,45.25,52.28,65.70,74.32,78.15,81.43.
MW=238.33,元素分析  C14H22O3 C:70.56,H:9.30实测值C:70.64,
H:9.32.
环氧物9(P2=H)在CDCl3中的500MHz 1HNMR数据
Figure C9881001400251
Proton    δ(ppm)    J(Hz)        n.O.e.(%)
1β                1.95       7.7(14β)    2α(1.8);17(0.9)
                     2.8(2β)
2α                3.85       2.8(1β)     1β(0.4);14α(0.7)
8α                1.35       14.1(8β)    8β(11.9);9α(1.2)
                     8.6(9α)
                     3.9(9β)
8β                2.56       14.1(8α)    9β(1.0);8α(11.7);
                     5.3(9β)
                     2.1(9α)
9α                2.07       14.6(9β)    9β(12.8);8α(1.6)
                     8.6(8α)
                     2.1(8β)
9β                1.76       14.6(9α)    10β(0.9);8β(0.9);9α(10.2)
                     5.3(8β)
                     3.9(8α)
                     1.9(10β)
10β              3.48       1.3(9β)     9β(1.0);18(1.2)
13α              2.18       16.8(14α)   13β(2.6)
                     13.3(13β)
                     8.0(14β)
13β              1.49       13.3(13α)   13α(6.2);17(0.6);18(0.5)
                     9.6
                     4.4
14α              1.83       m
14β              1.89       m
16        1.05       s            10β(0.5);17(0.6);18(1.4)
17        0.92       s            1β(0.6);14β(0.5);13β(0.8);18(0.3)
18        0.73       s            10β(1.0);13β(0.6);16(0.4);17(0.7)
烯类化合物10(P2及P10均为氢)
于-78℃向0.74克(3.1毫摩尔)环氧类化合物9(P2为氢)的50ml二氯甲烷溶液中按顺序加入4.5ml(31毫摩尔)三乙胺及1.9ml(10毫摩尔)TMSOTf。将混合物温度升至-30℃,2小时后加入2ml无水甲醇。10分钟后将混合物浓缩,向残余物加入10ml乙腈,10ml(124毫摩尔)吡啶及3ml(86.7毫摩尔)氟化氢水溶液。混合物于25℃条件下搅拌5小时后用150ml乙酸乙酯稀释。该溶液用100ml饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液及盐水洗涤两次。合并水层,用100ml乙酸乙酯提取两次。合并有机层,用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥后浓缩,残余物用150ml己烷稀释,用共怫法除去过量的吡啶,浓缩后得到0.73克(3.06毫摩尔,收率为99%)白色粉状烯类化合物10(P2,P10均为氢)。
10(P2=P10=H):mp 212-215℃;[α]D 25=+59.9(c=3.7,MeOH);1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3),见表;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):23.31,26.26,27.58,31.13,32.51,38.34,43.33,53.21,67.93,75.72,89.66,99.74,123.72,141.12.质谱(CI)354(M+1,100),336(44),317(26)222(25),204(50);MW=238.33,元素分析C14H22O3 C:70.56,H:9.30;实测值C:70.26,H:9.13.
烯10(P2=P10=H)的CDCl3中的500MHz 1H NMR数据
Proton      δ(ppm)      J(Hz)        n.O.e.(%)
1β                    1.66         5.6(14β)    2α(4.0);14β(2.1);16(1.6);17(0.3)
2β                    3.83         s            OH(2.3);14α(2.9);OH(2.4);
1β(1.9);                            OH(3.9)
8α                    1.80         12.2(8β)    2α(2.2);8β(16.2);9α(3.3)
                         7.7(9α)
                         3.5(9β)
8β                    2.26         12.2(8α)    10β(1.3);8α(14.9);16(4.1)
                         8.3(9α)
                         3.9(9β)
9α                    2.10         12.1(9β)    10β(0.5);9β(13.4);8α(1.7)
                         8.6(8β)
                         7.7(9α)
                         5.9(10β)
9β                   2.34         12.1(9α)    10β(2.5);9α(12.5);8β(0.7);16(1.5)
                         5.6(10β)
                         3.9(8β)
                         3.5(8α)
10β                  4.46         5.9(9α)     9β(2.3);8β(0.5);16(3.7);17(0.7)
                         5.6(9β)
13          5.49         m            14β(1.9);14α+18(4.7)
14α                  2.02         17.9(14β)   13(1.9);2α(4.4);14β(13.8)
14β                  2.43         17.9(14α)   13(2.5);14α+18(17.1);1β(3.1);
17(2.6)
                         5.6(1β)
                         1.7(18)
16          1.19         s            10β(3.7);9β(1.6);8β(3.5);1β(2.8);
17(0.8)
17          1.05         s            13(0.1);10β(0.6);14β(1.4);
1β(0.8);                            16(1.1)
18          2.01         1.3(13)      13(2.9)
                         1.7(14β)
烯类化合物10(P2为氢,P10为TES)
于25℃向0.7克(2.94毫摩尔)三醇类化合物188的5ml二氯甲烷溶液中加入1.2ml(8.6毫摩尔)三乙胺及0.5ml(2.92毫摩尔)三乙基甲硅烷氯。10小时后加入0.3ml(1.7毫摩尔)三乙基甲硅烷氯及1ml(7.2毫摩尔)三乙胺。1小时后加入0.06ml(1.6毫摩尔)无水甲醇。10分钟后,反应混合物用150ml乙酸乙酯稀释,分别用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液,盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后得到1.03克(2.92毫摩尔,收率为99%)烯类化合物10(P2为氢,P10为TES)。
10(P2=H,P10=TES):[α]D 25=(c=,MeOH);1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):4.92,6.84,23.44,25.42,27.75,31.02,32.10,38.73,43.62,53.43,66.82,74.22,89.20,98.46,122.23,142.38.;MW=238.33,
C20H36O3Si的元素分析:理论值C:68.13,H:10-29;
                          实测值C:68.15,H:10-21.
醇11
于-45℃向23.11克(98毫摩尔)碘的250ml四氢呋喃溶液中少量多次加入14.74克(98毫摩尔)钐,将混合物搅拌30分钟(黄色固体:SmI3),于室温再搅拌15分钟。加入10克(49毫摩尔)烯酮5固体,将所得混合物搅拌30分钟后,于-20℃少量多次加入3.7克(98毫摩尔)NaBH4。3小时后,将混合物倒入含有10克碳酸氢钠的50ml饱和硫代硫酸钠水溶液中,搅拌1小时后,混合物用100ml乙酸乙酯稀释,用硅藻土过滤后浓缩滤液得到无色油状混合物,其中含20%β-烯丙醇类化合物11及80%α-烯丙醇类化合物11。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):0.87(s,3H,16Me),0.90(s,3H,17Me),0.91(s,3H,18Me),1.34(d,1H),1.60(m,4H),1.81(m,3H),2.23(m,2H),2.32(m,1H),2.44(m,1H),4.41(br s,1H,H2β).
环氧物12(P2为氢)
于-15℃将上述油状物粗品溶于122ml二氯甲烷和368ml己烷中,加入12.35克(147毫摩尔)粉状碳酸氢钠后加入21.14克(73.5毫摩尔)mCPBA。反应混合物于0℃搅拌2小时30分钟后过滤。有机层用25ml1∶1碳酸氢钠和硫代硫酸钠的溶液洗涤,硫酸钠干燥后浓缩得到无色油状混合物,其中含未反应的β-烯丙醇类化合物及需要的α-环氧醇12(收率为97%)。
将上述油状物粗品溶于50ml己烷中,冷却至-78℃,过滤结晶的α-环氧醇12,干燥后称重为8.5克α-环氧醇12(3步收率78%)。
m.p.98-100℃;1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):0.82(s,3H,16Me),0.87(s,3H,17Me),1.03(s,3H,18Me),1.33(m,J=16.1,8.3Hz,1H,H9α),1.41(m,1H,H13β),1.42(m,1H,H14β),1.53(ddd,J=13.3,5.9,3Hz,1H,H8β),1.57(m,1H,H10β),1.58(m,J=5.9Hz,1H,H9β),1.78(ddd,J=6.8,5.9,1.5Hz,1H,H1),1.82(d,J=9.8Hz,1H,2-OH),1.90(m,1H,H10α),1.95(m,1H,H14α),1.96(m,1H,H13α),2.21(dd,J=13.3,8.3Hz,1H,H8α),4.00(dd,J=9.8,5.9Hz,1H,H2β).
于0℃向母液中加入21.4克(244毫摩尔)二氧化锰,混合物于0℃搅拌1小时,室温下搅拌2小时。反应混合物用海沙过滤后浓缩得到2克(20%)回收的烯酮类化合物5。
环氧物12(P2为PMB)
向1克(4.5毫摩尔)上述α-环氧醇类化合物12(P为H)的10mlDMF溶液中加入500mg(13.5毫摩尔)无水氢化钠。将混合物搅拌30分钟后,加入672微升(4.95毫摩尔)PMBCL。2小时30分钟后,将反应混合物冷却至-15℃,加入1ml甲醇淬灭反应后将混合物倒入10ml饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液中,用50ml1∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯提取两次。有机层用5ml盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥后浓缩。用闪式色谱法纯化(洗脱液为9∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)得到1.496克(收率为97%)的环氧物12(P2为氢)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):
0.77(s,3H,16Me),0.87(s,3H,17Me),1.02(s,3H,18Me),1.37(dd,J=8,
7Hz,1H,H9α),1.39(dd,J=10,4.8Hz,1H,H13β),1.45(dddd,J=13.1,9.9,
7.7,3.2Hz,1H,H14β),1.49(m,1H,H8β),1.51(m,1H,H10β),1.55(m,J
=8Hz,1H,H9β),1.85(dd,J=7.7,5.8Hz,1H,H1),1.93(m,J=12.8Hz,1H,
H10α),1.93(dd,J=13.1,1.9Hz,1H,H14α),1.98(dd,J=10,1.9Hz,1H,
H13α),2.18(dd,J=13.4,7Hz,1H,H8α),3.74(d,J=5.8Hz,1H,H2β),3.81
(s,3H,OMe),4.50(d,J=11.8Hz,1H,Hb),4.59(d,J=11.8Hz,1H,Ha),6.87
(d,J=8.7Hz,2H,H2’),7.29(d,J=8.7Hz,2H,H1’).
合成环氧物14(P2为氢或PMB)的通法
向1克(4.5毫摩尔)α-环氧类化合物12的123.5ml己烷回流溶液中通过冷凝器加入26.5ml(45毫摩尔)1.7M叔丁基锂的己烷溶液。将该混合物回流2小时后,冷却至-10℃,缓慢加入3ml甲醇。浓缩后将得到的黄色固体溶于25ml乙酸乙酯和2ml水中,室温下搅拌15分钟。用硫酸钠干燥后过滤,固体用25ml乙酸乙酯洗涤两次。合并有机层,浓缩后得到无需进一步纯化即可用于下一步反应的粗品13。
  1H NMR二醇13(300MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)0.64(s,3H,18Me),0.97(s,3H,16Me),1.15(s,3H,17Me),1.42(ddd,J=14.2,9.1,9Hz,1H,H8α),1.53(m,1H,H13β),1.65(m,1H,H14β),1.72(dddd,J=14.8,10.1,9,1.4Hz,1H,H9β),1.86(dd,J=6.8,3.4Hz,1H,H1),2.03(ddd,J=13.3,9.4,4Hz,1H,H14α),2.11(ddd,J=14.8,9.1,2Hz,1H,H9α),2.12(s,1H,3-OH),2.20(m,1H,H13α),2.20(ddd,J=14.2,10.1,2Hz,1H,H8β),2.91(d,J=9.4Hz,1H,2-OH),3.40(d,J=1.4Hz,1H,H10β),3.76(dd,J=9.4,3.4Hz,1H,H2β).
将上述粗品溶于50ml二氯甲烷中,加入2.6克(9毫摩尔)mCPBA的45ml二氯甲烷溶液。14小时后,反应混合物用55ml二氯甲烷稀释,用50ml1∶1饱和碳酸氢钠与硫代硫酸钠水溶液洗涤。水层用50ml二氯甲烷提取两次,合并有机层,用硫酸钠干燥后浓缩。用闪式层析法进行纯化(洗脱液为1∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)得到无色油状环氧醇类化合物14(P2为氢,收率59%)。2,3-二羟基环氧物14的1HNMR(500MHz,CKCl3):δ(ppm)0.72(s,3H,18Me),0.86(s,3H,16Me),0.95(s,3H,17Me),1.42(ddd,J=14.2,9.1,9Hz,1H,H8α),1.53(m,1H,H13β),1.65(m,1H,H14β),1.72(dddd,J=14.8,10.1,9,1.4Hz,1H,H9β),1.86(dd,J=6.8,3.4Hz,1H,H1),2.03(ddd,J=13.3,9.4,4Hz,1H,H14α),2.11(ddd,J=14.8,9.1,2Hz,1H,H9α),2.12(s,1H,3-OH),2.20(m,1H,H13α),2.20(ddd,J=14.2,10.1,2Hz,1H,H8β),2.91(d,J=9.4Hz,1H,2-OH),3.40(d,J=1.4Hz,1H,H10β),3.76(dd,J=9.4,3.4Hz,1H,H2β).
或得到白色固状环氧醇类化合物1型P2为PMB),产率25%,m.p.88-90℃,NMR见下面。
环氧类化合物14(P2为PMB)
将1.41克(5.9毫摩尔)上述环氧二醇类化合物14(P2为氢)的25mlDMF溶液加入到660毫克(17.88毫摩尔)无水氢化钠。混合物搅拌30分钟后,加入808微升(5.9毫摩尔)PMBCl。1小时后,加入2ml甲醇淬灭反应,用100ml1∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯稀。有机层用20ml水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥后浓缩。用闪式层析法纯化(洗脱液为8∶2己烷/乙酸乙酯)得到1.93克(收率为91%)白色固状化合物14(P2为PMB)。熔点:88-90℃。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):0.72(s,3H,18Me),0.84(s,3H,16Me),0.97(s,3H,17Me),1.50(ddd,J=13.1,11.8,4.1Hz,1H,H13β),1.56(m,1H,H8α),1.58(m,1H,H9β),1.67(ddd,J=13.3,7,4.5Hz,1H,H14β),1.82(dd,J=13.3,8.7Hz,1H,H8β),1.99(dd,J=7,3.2Hz,1H,H1),2.05(dd,J=13.1,8.7Hz,1H,H9α),2.17(ddd,J=13.3,9.7,4.1Hz,1H,H14α),2.42(ddd,J=13.1,9.7,4.5Hz,1H,H13α),2.89(s,1H,3-OH),3.25(d,J=1Hz,1H,H10β),3.50(d,J=3.2Hz,1H,H2β),3.8 1(s,3H,OMe),4.44(d,J=11.3Hz,1H,Hb),4.63(d,J=11.3Hz,1H,Ha),6.87(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H2’),7.26(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H1’);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):13.4,19.1,21.4,24.5,24.7,32.6,37.3,43.9,44.6,47.7,55.3,62.4,70.8,72.2,78.4,79.6,113.8,129.5,130.2,139.3.
烯类化合物15(P2为PMB,P10为氢)
于-78℃向15.87克(46.4毫摩尔)环氧物12(P2为PMB)的375ml二氯甲烷和64.5ml(464毫摩尔)溶液缓慢加入25.2ml(139.2毫摩尔)TMSOTf。混合物于-35℃搅拌反应14小时。加入20ml甲醇淬灭反应后升温至25℃。减压除去易挥发成分后,将残余物部分溶于500ml己烷中,用硅藻土过滤后浓缩,得到18.7克可直接用于下一步反应的粗品。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):0.10(s,9H,3-TMS),0.65(s,3H,18Me),0.91(s,3H,16Me),1.00(s,3H,17Me),1.53(m,1H,H13β),1.64(dt,J=13.8,8.7Hz,1H,H8α),1.78(m,1H,H14β),1.84(dd,J=6.9,3.3Hz,1H,H1),1.98(m,1H),2.20(m,1H),2.22(m,1H),2.30(m,1H),2.47(m,1H),3.44(d,J=2.9Hz,1H,H2β),3.81(s,3H,OMe),4.45(d,J=11.6Hz,1H,Hb),4.58(d,J=11.6Hz,1H,Ha),5.34(dd,J=3.3,1.8Hz,1H,H10β),6.87(d,J=8.4Hz,2H,H2’),7.29(d,J=8.4Hz,2H,H1’).
于0℃向18.7克上述粗品的460ml1∶3二氯甲烷/己烷混合物溶液加入17.15克(69.6毫摩尔)mCPBA及5.85克(139.2毫摩尔)碳酸氢钠。混合物于室温搅拌反应4小时后过滤。固体用50ml己烷洗涤,有机层用50ml1∶1碳酸氢钠和硫代硫酸钠水溶液洗涤两次,硫酸钠干燥后浓缩得到20.2克无色油状物。
于-45℃向20.2克上述油状物粗品的375ml二氯甲烷及64.5ml(464毫摩尔)三乙胺溶液缓慢加入25.2ml(139.2毫摩尔)TMSOTf。混合物在-25℃下搅拌反应3小时。加入20ml甲醇淬灭反应后升至室温。减压除去易挥发性成分,将残余物溶于500ml己烷中,用硅藻土过滤后,浓缩有机层得到20克粗品。用乙腈在-10℃结晶得到18克白色固体,熔点98-100℃。
1H NMR(400MHz,C6D6),δ(ppm):0.13(s,9H,CH3 10-TMS),0.24(s,9H,CH3 3-TMS),0.94(s,3H,16Me),1.27(s,3H,17Me),1.33(dt,J=13,5.6Hz,1H,H8β),1.83(br t,J=5.2Hz,1H,H1),2.12(dd,J=13,6.3Hz,1H,H8α),1.98(ddd,J=11.7,6.3,5.6Hz,1H,H9α),2.03(ddq,J=17.5,3.1,2.3Hz,1H,H14β),2.21(dt,J=2.3,2,2Hz,3H,18Me),2.33(m,2H,H9β-H14α),3.28(s,3H,OMe),3.70(dd,J=5.2,0.6Hz,1H,H2β),4.10(d,J=10.8Hz,1H,Hb),4.23(d,J=10.8Hz,1H,Ha),4.40(dd,J=10.5,6.3Hz,1H,H10β),5.34(m,1H,H13),6.80(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H2’),7.22(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H1’).
于0℃向18克上述粗品的50ml乙腈及20ml吡啶溶液加入30ml48%氟化氢水溶液。混合物室温搅拌5小时后,倒入50ml乙酸乙酯中,加入碳酸氢钠固体至无反应发生。过滤后,减压除去易挥发性成分,用柱层析法纯化(洗脱液为1∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)得到12.75克(四步收率为75%)油状烯类化合物15(P2为PMB,P10为氢)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):1.04(s,3H,16Me),1.13(s,3H,17Me),1.47(d,J=7.7Hz,1H,10-OH),1.68(dddd,J=15,7.7,2.2,1.9Hz,1H,H8β),1.96(m,1H,H1),1.97(dt,J=2.2,1.6,1.6Hz,3H,18Me),2.01(ddq,J=17.9,2.9,2.2Hz,1H,H14β),2.10(dt,J=11.5,7.7,7.7Hz,1H,H9α),2.12(m,J=2.2Hz,1H,H8α),2.25(ddt,J=11.5,6,2.2,2.2Hz,1H,H9β),2.39(ddq,J=17.9,2.9,1.6Hz,1H,H14α),3.15(d,J=1.9Hz,1H,3-OH),3.8 1(s,3H,OMe),3.82(d,J=6.1Hz,1H,H2β),4.34(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,Hb),4.42(td,J=7.7,7.7,6Hz,1H,H10β),4.60(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,Ha),5.38(m,J=1.6Hz,1H,H13),6.87(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H2’),7.26(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H1’);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)22.3,25.3,25.8,27.9,38.6,39.2,39.7,50.2,55.2,66.1,72.1,75.3,83.4,90.2,113.7,123.4,129.2,130.6,140.5,159.1.
酮16(P2,P13均为氢;P10为TES)
于0℃向0.298克(0.845毫摩尔)烯类化合物10(P2为氢,P10为TES)的3ml二氯甲烷溶液加入0.75ml(2.53毫摩尔)Ti(iOPr)4及1.06ml(2.11毫摩尔)2M叔丁基过氧化氢的己烷溶液,0℃搅拌反应30分钟,加入0.8ml(11毫摩尔)二甲硫醚,0℃搅拌1小时后,升温至25℃20分钟。将反应混合物倒入含有40ml四氢呋喃的烧瓶中,在15分钟内加入0.25ml去离子水并同时剧烈搅拌,生成白色沉淀。溶液用硫酸镁干燥后,用硅藻土床过滤,浓缩滤液。将反应混合物溶于10ml二氯甲烷中,加入1克闪式硅胶,将混合物在60℃硅油浴上加热回流3小时。混合物用玻璃漏斗过滤后,用乙酸乙酯洗涤,浓缩后得到0.31克(0.841毫摩尔,收率为99%)白色固状酮类化合物16(P2,P13均为氢;P10为TES)。
16(P2=P13=H,P10=TES):m:111-112℃:[α]D 25=(c=,MeOH);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):4.87,6.83,13.15,27.29,33.06,34.79,36.47,37.38,39.01,53.18,69.64,76.10,138.35,157.86,200.12,215.95.
酮16(P2=P13=H,P10=TES)在CDCl3中的500MHz 1H NMR数据
            16(P2=P13=H,P10=TES)
Proton       δ(ppm)     J(Hz)        n.O.e.(%)
1β                      1.94        8.0(14β)    2α(3.1);14β(1.8);16(0.4);17(1.4)
                         1.92(2α)
2α                      4.10        1.92(1β)    13OH(1.6);2OH(3.8);1β(4.0);
14α(6.0)
8α                      1.82        13.9(8β)    8β(19.6);9α(4.2)
                         5.3(9β)
8β                      3.35        13.9(8α)    10β(3.5);8α(27.9);16(6.9)
                         12.1(9α)
                         2.8(9β)
9α                      2.57        12.1(8β)    9β+18(15.2)
                         10.4(10β)
9β                      1.97        m            10β(3.5);9α(18.5)
10β                    4.58        10.4(9α)    8β(1.6);9β(3.5);16(6.5)
                         5.3(9β)
13β                    3.98        11.8(14β)   14β(3.9);13OH(1.0);18(2.3);
17(3.6)
                         9.5(13OH)
14α                    1.75        15.9(14β)   2α(9.7);14β(18.7);
14β                        2.91     15.9(14α)     13β(8.8);1β(5.1);14β(24.7);
17(5.3)
                        11.8(13β)
                        8.0(1β)
16             1.53     s              10β(3.8);8β(1.8);1β(1.3);17(1.4)
17             1.02     s              13β(2.6);14β(2.8);1β(1.6);16(1.4)
18             1.96     s
CH3-TES       0.55     7.9
CH2-TES       0.59     7.9
酮17(P2,P13均为氢;P10为TES)  通过化合物10(P2为氢,P10为TES)的环氧醇裂解反应
于0℃向50毫克(0.142毫摩尔)烯类化合物10(P2为氢,P10为TES)的0.5ml二氯甲烷溶液加入0.17ml(0.57毫摩尔)Ti(iOPr)4及叔丁基过氧化氢的2M己烷溶液,0℃搅拌30分钟加入0.17ml二甲硫醚,并于0℃搅拌1小时后升温至25℃保持20分钟,在60℃硅油浴上加热回流12小时。将混合物倒入含有20ml四氢呋喃的烧瓶中,在15分钟内加入0.15ml去离子水并剧烈搅拌,生成白色沉淀。溶液用硫酸镁干燥,用硅藻土过滤后浓缩。用硅胶柱过滤混合物得到51毫克(收率为97%)的白色粉状酮类化合物17(P2,P13均为氢;P10为TES)。
酮类化合物17(P2,P13均为氢;P10为TES)通过化合物16(P2,P13均为氢,P10为TES)的表异构化作用
向12毫克(0.033毫摩尔)酮类化合物16(P2,P13均为氢,P10为TES)的二氯甲烷溶液加入0.05ml(0.17毫摩尔)Ti(iOPr)4,在60℃硅油浴上加热回流6小时。将混合物倒入含有20ml四氢呋喃的烧瓶中,在15分钟内加入0.05ml去离子水并剧烈搅拌,生成白色沉淀。溶液用硫酸镁干燥,用硅藻土床过滤后浓缩。用闪式硅胶色谱法纯化(洗脱液为75%乙酸乙酯/己烷)得到11毫克(收率为92%)的白色粉状酮类化合物17(P2,P13均为氢;P10为TES)。
195a:mp:76-80℃;[α]D 25=+16.1(c=1.0,CHCl3).
酮17(P2=P13=H,P10=TES)在CDCl3中的500MHz 1H NMR数据
17(P2=P13=H,P10=TES)
Proton    δ(ppm)     J(Hz)        n.O.e.(%)
1β                  2.17       6.5(14β)    2β(3.5);14β(3.2);16(2.4);17(3.3)
                      6.0(2β)
2β                  4.52       7.6(2OH)     2OH(0.8);8β(2.6);1β(2.7);16(2.9)
                      6.0(1β)
2OH        2.91       7.6(2β)     2β(2.4);14α(5.5);13OH(-4.7)
8α                  2.30       12.9(8β)    8β(16.7);9β(4.3);9α(1.7)
                      5.3(9α)
                      3.4(9β)
8β                  2.61       14.5(9β)   10β+2β(8.8);8α(24.1);9β(4.0);
16(4.0)
                      12.9(8β)
                      3.0(9α)
9α                  2.49       15.7(9β)    9β+18(25.5)
                      5.4(10α)
                      5.3(8α)
                      3.0(8β)
9β                  1.98       15.7(9α)    9α(15.5)
                      14.5(8β)
                      9.0(10β)
                      3.4(8α)
10β                4.53       9.0(9β)     8β(1.9);16(5.6)
                      5.4(9α)
13β                4.04       10.9(13OH)          14β(3.1);18(1.9);13OH(2.0)
17(2.9)
                      10.4(14β)
                      3.0(14α)
                      0.7(18)
13OH       1.81       10.9(13β)          13β(1.1);14α+18(5.8)
14α                1.98       16.4(14β)          2OH(6.3);14β(18.5);13OH(2.0)
                      3.0(13β)
14β                2.46       16.4(14α)          13β(3.5);1β(2.6);23.2);17(4.8)
                      10.4(13β)
                      6.5(1β)
16         1.49       s                   10β+2β(9.5);8β(2.2);1β(2.4);
17(1.9)
17         1.12       s                   13β(2.0);14β(1.9);1β(1.5);16(1.0)
18         1.96       0.7(13β)
CH3-TES   0.96       7.6(CH2-TES)
CH2-TES   0.60       7.6(CH3-TES)
酮类化合物17(P2为PMB,P13为氢,P10为TES)
于室温向7.31克(20.39毫摩尔)烯类化合物15(P2为PMB,P10为氢)的70ml二氯甲烷和70ml己烷的搅拌溶液中加入50mlpH=8缓冲液,加入8.8克(纯℃为60%,30.6毫摩尔)mCPBA。室温下反应4小时后,加入50ml饱和亚硫酸氢钠溶液。用硅藻土过滤除去白色沉淀。水层用乙酸乙酯提取。合并后的有机层分别用饱和亚硫酸氢钠溶液,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液及盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥后过滤。减压条件下除去溶剂得到7.42克(收率为97%)的白色固状环氧类化合物粗品。得到的白色固体无需进一步纯化即可用于下一步反应。可以通过闪式色谱法(洗脱液为6∶4己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化即可得到有关实验所需的纯品。Mp 114℃;1H(C6D6,400MHz,VR-1-257)δ0.54(3H,s,16-Me),0.67(3H,s,17-Me),1.38(1H,ddd,J=15.7,6.8,4.9Hz,H14β),1.46.(1H,t,J=6.8 Hz,H1),1.72(3H,s,18-Me),1.68-1.75(1H,m,H),1.77-1.86(1H,m,H),2.10-2.04(1H,m,H),2.54(1H,d,J=4.9 Hz,H13),2.56(1H,d,J=15.7 Hz,H14α),2.59-2.51(1H,m,H),3.30(3H,s,OMe),3.57(1H,d,J=6.8 Hz,H2),3.94(1H,d,J=4.9 Hz,H10),4.28 and 4.93(1H,d,J=11.4 Hz,H1’),6.07(1H,broad s,3-OH),6.79(2H,d,J=8.8 Hz,H4’),7.30(2H,d,J=8.8 Hz,H3’);13C(C6D6,100 MHz,VR-257)δ 21.9,22.4,24.0,27.4,35.2,40.0,44.8,49.7,54.8,61.0,65.1,65.4,72.2,77.6,82.6,91.2,114.1,129.5,131.4,159.7;元素分析C22H30O5:C,70.56;H,8.07;实测值C,70.65;H,8.20.
于室温向7.42克(19.8毫摩尔)上述实验得到的粗品的100mlDMF搅拌溶液中加入6.74克(99毫摩尔)咪唑后,加入10ml(59.4毫摩尔)TESCl。反应搅拌过夜(16小时)后,加入10ml甲醇淬灭反应。减压条件下除去溶剂,残余物加入己烷,生成的白色沉淀用硅藻土过滤。减压条件下除去溶剂,残余物用闪式层析法纯化(洗脱液为9∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)得到9.28克(两步收率为93%)的无色油状环氧类化合物。1H(C6D6,500MHz,VR-1-161-2)δ0.64(3H,s,16-Me ),0.70(6H,q,J=8.0 Hz,TES),0.79(3H,s,17-Me),1.09(9H,t,J=8.0Hz,TES),1.45(1H,ddd,J=15.5,7.0,5.0Hz,H14β),1.54(1H,t,J=7.0Hz,H1),1.59(3H,s,18-Me),1.75-1.81(1H,m,H),1.86-1.94(1H,m,H),1.98-2.03(1H,m,H),2.55(1H,d,J=5.0Hz,H13),2.65(1H,d,J=15.5Hz,H14α),2.69-2.76(1H,m,H),3.32(3H,s,OMe),3.64(1H,d,J=7.0Hz,H2),4.25(1H,d,J=5.0Hz,H10),4.36 and 5.00(1H,d,J=11.0Hz,H1’),5.74(1H,s,3-OH),6.78(2H,d,J=9.0 Hz,H4’),7.35(2H,d,J=9.0 Hz,H3’);13C(C6D6,100MHz,VR-1-262)δ6.0,7.3,21.8,22.4,25.2,27.9,36.1,40.0,45.7,49.2,54.7,61.6,65.1,65.6,72.1,78.2,83.9,91.2,114.0,129.6,131.9,159.6;
元素分析:C28H44O5Si,理论值C:68.81;H:9.07;
                           实测值C:68.58;H:9.21.
于室温向310毫克(634微摩尔)上述实验得到的环氧类化合物的6ml己烷溶液加入760微升(2.54毫摩尔,4当量)异丙醇钛。反应混合物搅拌回流45分钟。冷却至室温,加入2ml水淬灭反应后,加入10ml乙酸乙酯。将白色沉淀在室温条件下搅拌1小时,用硅藻土过滤后,用乙酸乙酯洗涤,减压浓缩后得到325毫克无色油状粗品。此油状物无需进一步纯化即可用于下一步反应。可以通过闪式层析法(洗脱液为8∶2己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化即可得到有关实验所需的白色固状酮类化合物17(P2为PMB,P13为氢,P10为TES)的纯品。
Mp 64℃;1H(C6D6,500MHz,VR-2-130)δ0.57(6H,q,J=8.0Hz,TES),0.88(3H,s,17-Me),0.98(9H,t,J=8.0Hz,TES),1.04(3H,s,16-Me),1.69(1H,dddd,J=12.5,5.0,5.0,2.5 Hz,H),1.75(1H,ddd,J=13.0,5.0,3.5Hz,H),1.97(1H,t,J=6.0Hz,H1),2.03(1H,ddd,J=14.0,13.0,2.5Hz,H),2.38(3H,d,J=1.0Hz,18-Me),2.39(1H,ddd,J=16.0,10.0,6.0Hz,H14β),2.66(1H,dddd,J=14.0,12.5,11.0,3.5Hz,H),2.74(1H,dd,J=16.0,3.0Hz,H14α),2.85(1H,d,J=12.0,13-OH),3.27(3H,s,OMe),4.05(1H,m,H13),4.06(1H,d,J=6.0 Hz,H2),4.32(1H,dd,J=11.0,5.0Hz,H10),4.06 and 4.39(1H,d,J=11.5 Hz,H1’),6.77(2H,d,J=8.5Hz,H4’),7.21(2H,d,J=8.5Hz,H3’);13C(CDCl3,100MHz,VR-1-268)δ4.8,6.8,15.6,28.1,28.5,31.2,36.4,36.8,40.4,51.8,55.2,67.1,69.1,70.8,83.5,113.8,129.4,129.8,138.2,140.6,159.3,215.9;
元素分析:C28H44O5Si,理论值C:68.81;H:9.07;
                           实测值C:68.75;H:9.14.
酮类化合物17(P2为TBS,P13为TBS,P10为TES)
于-25℃向325毫克酮类化合物17(P2为PMB,P13为氢,P10为TES)的6ml吡啶溶液加入290微升(1.27毫摩尔,2当量)TBSOTf。混合物在-20℃搅拌4小时后,加入1ml甲醇淬灭反应,减压除去溶剂后。过滤除去白色固体,将白色固体用己烷洗涤8次,蒸发己烷后得到油状物,用闪式层析法纯化  (洗脱液为9∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)得到377毫克(两步收率为98%)无色油状酮类化合物17(P2为PMB,P13为TBS,P10为TES)。1H(C6D6,500MHz)δ0.06(3H,s,DMS),0.11(3H,s,DMS),0.60(6H,q,J=8.0Hz,TES),1.00(9H,t,J=8.0Hz,TES),1.02(9H,s,tBu),1.10(3H,s,17-Me),1.18(3H,s,16-Me),1.76(1H,dddd,J=10.0,4.4,4.4,2.4 Hz,H),1.83(1H,ddd,J=10.4,4.4,2.4Hz,H),2.10-2.14(1H,m,H),2.12-2.16(1H,m,H1),2.24(3H,d,J=1.0Hz,18-Me),2.28(1H,ddd,J=14.5,9.0,9.0Hz,H14β),2.65-2.73(1H,m,H),2.69(1H,ddd,J=14.5,7.5,1.5Hz,H14α),3.32(3H,s,OMe),4.12(1H,d,J=5.0Hz,H2),4.11 and 4.44(1H,d,J=11.5Hz,H1’),4.37(1H,dd,J=11.0,4.50Hz,H10),4.57(1H,m,H13),6.79(2H,d,J=8.5Hz,H4’),7.23(2H,d,J=8.5Hz,H3’);13C(CDCl3,100MHz,VR-1-269)δ-5.0,-4.3,4.8,6.8,15.2,18.3,26.0,28.1,28.2,29.2,36.8,36.9,40.2,51.9,55.2,67.9,69.4,70.3,83.7,113.7,129.5,130.2,135.0,143.3,159.2,211.2;
元素分析:C34H58O5Si2(VR-1-296):理论值C:67.72,H,9.69;
                                       实测值C:67.74;H,9.61.
酮类化合物18(P2为PMB,P13为TBS,P10为TES)
于-5℃向200毫克(332微摩尔)酮类化合物17(P2为PMB,P13为TBS,P10为TES)的16.5ml无水四氢呋喃溶液在10分钟内滴加3.3ml(3.3毫摩尔)1MKHMDS的四氢呋喃溶液。在-5℃将浅黄色溶液搅拌2小时后,冷却至-78℃。30分钟后,滴入205微升(3.3毫摩尔)碘甲烷,混合物在-78℃条件下搅拌反应1小时30分钟。在-78℃条件下,加入4ml饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液淬灭反应后升至室温。该混合物用己烷提取。有机层用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥。减压除去溶剂后得到229毫克油状物,用闪式层析法(洗脱液为9∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)将油状物纯化得到197毫克(收率为96%)白色固状酮类化合物18(P2为PMB,P13为TBS,P10为TES)。
Mp.68℃;
元素分析C35H60O5Si2(VR-2-53):理论值,C,68.13;H,9.80;
                                    实测值,C,67.88;H,9.82.
1H NMR(C6D6,400MHz,VR-1-246-1)δ 0.08(3H,s,DMS),0.15(3H,s,DMS),0.60(6H,q,J=8.0Hz,TES),0.83(3H,d,J=7.6Hz,19-Me),0.99(9H,t,J=8.0Hz,TES),1.03(3H,s,17-Me),1.09(9H,s,tBu),1.15(3H,s,16-Me),1.73(1H,ddd,J=16.0,3.7,1.0Hz,H),1.98(1H,ddd,J=16.0,13.2,5.2Hz,H),2.12(1H,dd,J=8.0,2.8Hz,H1),2.35(3H,d,J=0.8Hz,18-Me),2.35(1H,ddd,J=14.8,10.0,8.0Hz,H14β),2.78(1H,dd,J=14.8,6.0Hz,H14α),2.79-2.87(1H,m,H),3.29(3H,s,OMe),4.00(1H,d,J=11.2Hz,H1’),4.17(1H,d,J=2.8Hz,H2),4.46(1H,d,J=11.2Hz,H1’),4.57(1H,broad d,J=5.2Hz,H10),4.62(1H,broad dd,J=10.0,6.0Hz,H13),6.79(2H,d,J=8.8Hz,H4’),7.27(2H,d,J=8.8Hz,H3’);13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,VR-1-265)δ-5.1,-4.3,4.5,6.8,14.4,18.2,19.2,25.8,26.0,26.8,29.0,36.7,43.1,43.7,54.2,55.2,67.4,69.6,69.9,76.1,113.7,129.2,130.4,136.6,138.8,159.5,209.6;
酮类化合物19(P2为PMB,P13为TBS,P10为TES,P7为氢)
于室温向49毫克(80微摩尔)酮类化合物18(P2为PMB,P13为TBS,P10为TES)的2ml四氢呋喃溶液加入390微升(127微摩尔)0.33MBMDA的四氢呋喃溶液,在室温条件下,将混合物搅拌2小时后,冷却至-25℃,加入15微升(127微摩尔)戊烯-4-醛-1后搅拌反应3小时,加入1ml氯化铵,混合物用乙酸乙酯提取,有机层用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥。减压浓缩后得到粗品,用闪式层析法(洗脱液为9∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到35毫克(收率为63%)无色油状酮类化合物19(P2为PMB,P13为TBS,P10为TES,P7为氢)两种构象的混合物(85%椅式-椅式,15%椅式-船式)
1H NMR(C6D6,400MHz)δ0.07(3H,s,DMS),0.14(3H,s,DMS),0.61(6H,q,J=8.0Hz,TES),1.00(9H,t,J=8.0Hz,TES),1.02(3H,s,19-Me),1.06(3H,s,17-Me),1.07(9H,s,tBu),1.26(3H,s,16-Me),1.40-1.49(1H,m,H6),1.61-1.68(1H,m,H6),1.93(1H,dd,J=14.0,4.8Hz,H),2.10(1H,dd,J=8.8,3.6Hz,H1),2.21-2.28(1H,m,H5),2.28(3H,d,J=1.2Hz,18-Me),2.27-2.35(1H,m,H14β),2.41-2.50(1H,m,H5),2.76(1H,dd,J=14.0,6.2Hz,H),2.92(1H,dd,J=14.6,6.2Hz,H14α),3.06(1H,d,J=2,8Hz,7-OH),3.29(3H,s,OMe),396(1H,ddd,J=10.0,4.0,1.6Hz,H7),4.16(1H,d,J=11.6Hz,H1’),4.33(1H,d,J=11.6Hz,H1’),4.38(1H,d,J=3.6Hz,H2),4.53-4.58(2H,m,H13 and H10),4.98-5.01(1H,m,H20b),5.11(1H,ddd,J=17.2,3.8,1.4Hz,H20c),5.92(1H,ddt,J=17.2,10.4,6.8Hz,H4a),6.80(2H,d,J=8.8Hz,H4’),7.22(2H,d,J=8.8Hz,H3’).
酮类化合物19(P2为PMB,P13为TBS,P10为TES,P7为CO2Et)
于-40℃向23毫克(33微摩尔)酮类化合物19(P2为PMB,P13为TBS,P10为TES,P7为氢)的3ml二氯甲烷及240微升(300微摩尔)吡啶溶液中加入50微升5.5M光气的二氯甲烷溶液,在-10℃将混合物搅拌1.5小时,加入300微升乙醇,在室温搅拌反应混合物1小时,用2ml碳酸氢钠处理后,混合物用乙酸乙酯提取,有机层用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后,粗品用闪式层析法(洗脱液为9∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到25毫克(收率为99%)白色固状酮类化合物19(P2为PMB,P13为TBS,P10为TES,P7为CO2Et)。
Mp,121℃;1H(C6D6,400MHz,VR-2-73-2)δ0.03(3H,s,DMS),0.12(3H,s,DMS),0.62(6H,q,J=8.0Hz,TES),0.99(9H,t,J=8.0Hz,TES),1.01(9H,s,tBu),1.01(3H,t,J=7.2Hz,CO2Et-CH3),1.12(3H,s,17-Me),1.19(3H,s,19-Me),1.29(3H,s,16-Me),1.50-1.56(2H,m,H6),1.97(1H,dd,J=11.4,4.6 Hz,H),2.10(1H,dd,J=8.4,3.6Hz,H1),2.13-2.19(2H,m,H5),2.24(3H,d,J=1.2Hz,18-Me),2.27-2.35(1H,ddd,J=14.8,9.4,9.4Hz,H14β),2.95(1H,t,J=11.4Hz,H),2.96(1H,dd,J=14.8,6.4Hz,H14α),3.29(3H,s,OMe),3.95(2H,dq,J=18.0,7.2 Hz,CO2Et-CH2),4.29(2H,s,H1’),4.39(1H,d,J=3.6Hz,H2),4.55(1H,dd,J=11.4,4.6Hz,H10),4.58-4.63(1H,m,H13),4.86-4.89(1H,m,H20b),4.94(1H,ddd,J=17.2,3.4,1.6Hz,H20c),5.69(1H,dddd,J=17.2,10.4,6.8,6.8Hz,H4a),5.76(1H,t,J=6.2Hz,H7),6.80(2H,d,J=8.8Hz,H4’),7.20(2H,d,J=8.8Hz,H3’);13C(CDCl3,100MHz,VR-2-76)δ-5.0,-4.1,5.0,6.8,14.2,14.8,16.2,18.3,26.1,28.1,28.2,29.7,30.6,37.1,47.5,50.6,54.7,55.3,63.9,66.3,68.3,70.1,74.9,84.1,113.9,114.7,128.8,129.8,130.3,134.1,137.9,145.1,155.3,159.5,212.3.
酮类化合物19(P2为氢,P13为TBS,P10为TES,P7为CO2Et)
于0℃向13.7毫克(18微摩尔)酮类化合物19(P2为PMB,P13为TBS,P10为TES,P7为CO2Et)的1.8ml二氯甲烷及180微升水的搅拌悬浮液中加入12毫克(53微摩尔,3当量)DDQ。在-10℃搅拌1.5小时后,加入300微升乙醇。混合物在室温条件下搅拌5小时,用1ml硫代硫酸钠溶液及1ml碳酸氢钠溶液处理后,混合物用乙酸乙酯提取。有机层用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后,粗品用闪式层析法(洗脱液为95∶5己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到10毫克(收率为83%)无色油状酮类化合物19(P2为氢,P13为TBS,P10为TES,P7为CO2Et)。
1H(CDCl3,500MHz,VR-2-166-3)δ0.07(3H,s,DMS),0.08(3H,s,DMS),0.56(6H,q,J=8.0Hz,TES-CH2),0.92(9H,t,J=8.0Hz,TES-CH3),0.96(9H,s,tBu),1.09(3H,s,17-Me),1.14-1.20(1H,m,H6),1.31(3H,t,J=7.0Hz,CO2Et-CH3),1.40(3H,s,19-Me),1.42-1.49(1H,m,H6),1.55(3H,s,16-Me),1.71(1H,dd,J=12.5,4.5 Hz,H),1.83(3H,d,J=0.5Hz,18-Me),1.89(1H,dd,J=14.9,6.0 Hz,H14α),2.03(1H,dd,J=8.8,4.3Hz,H1),1.99-2.12(2H,m,H5),2.21(1H,ddd,J=14.9,8.8,8.7Hz,H14β),2.50(1H,dd,J=12.5,11.5Hz,H),2.80(d,1H,J=10.5Hz,2-OH),4.20(2H,dq,J=7.0,2.0 Hz,CO2Et-CH2),4.40(1H,broad dd,J=8.8,6.0Hz,H13),4.47(1H,dd,J=11.5,4.5Hz,H10),4.55(1H,dd,J=10.5,4.3Hz,H2),4.92(1H,dd,J=10.0,1.8Hz,H20),4.98(1H,dd,J=17.0,1.8Hz,H20),5.28(1H,d,J=8.5Hz,H7),5.73(1H,dddd,J=17.0,10.0,6.5,6.5Hz,H4a);13C(CDCl3,125MHz,VR-2-166-3)δ-5.0,-4.2,4.9,6.8,14.2,15.2,16.2,18.2,26.0,27.7,28.0,28.3,30.6,37.0,47.3,54.6,54.8,64.0,66.2,67.8,70.3,83.6,114.8,135.2,137.7,144.3,155.3,217.3.
酮类化合物20(P2为PMB)
于0℃向1.5克(4.23毫摩尔)化合物15(P2为PMB,P10为氢)的10mlDMF溶液分三次缓慢加入2.07克(5.55毫摩尔)PDC。将温度升至室温,2小时后将混合物倒入10ml水中,用3×50ml乙酸乙酯提取,有机层用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后用闪式层析法(洗脱液为7∶3己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到1.48克(收率为99%)浅黄色固状酮类化合物20(P2为PMB)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):1.05(s,3H,16Me),1.16(s,3H,17Me),1.61(dt,J=2.3,1.7,1.7Hz,3H,18Me),2.04(ddq,J=17.5,2.8,2.3Hz,1H,H14β),2.06(m,1H,H1),2.09(dddd,J=13.6,11.3,9,2Hz,1H,H8β),2.37(ddd,J=13.6,10.7,1.7Hz,1H,H8α),2.42(ddd,J=19.2.9,1.7Hz,1H,H9β),2.46(ddq,J=17.5,3.4,1.7Hz,1H,H14α),2.67(ddd,J=19.2,11.3,10.7Hz,1H,H9α),3.14(d,J=2Hz,1H,3-OH),3.81(s,3H,OMe),4.00(d,J=6.2Hz,1H,H2β),4.42(d,J=10.7Hz,1H,Hb),4.65(d,J=10.7Hz,1H,Ha),5.40(m,J=1.7Hz,1H,H13),6.89(d,J=8.5Hz,2H,H2’),7.28(d,J=8.5Hz,2H,H1’);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):21.7,22.0,25.1,25.4,37.2,41.1,41.2,49.1,55.2,69.9,72.5,83.9,88.4,113.8,121.6,129.3,130.2,136.5,159.3,218.6.
烯类化合物22(P2为PMB,P10为TES)
于0℃向170毫克(0.47毫摩尔)上述酮类化合物20(P2为PMB)的3.8ml乙醚溶液缓慢加入955微升(0.95毫摩尔)1M氢化锂铝乙醚溶液。2小时后,依次加入1ml水,1ml1M氢氧化钠溶液,及2ml水。混合物在室温条件下搅拌3小时,用硅藻土过滤,用硫酸钠干燥后,用闪式层析法(洗脱液为7∶3己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到155毫克(收率为91%)10-β羟基化合物。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):1.25(s,3H,17Me),1.31(s,3H,16Me),1.81(m,J=2.2,1.5Hz,3H,18Me),1.85(dd,J=5.9,5.5Hz,1H,H1),1.97(m,1H,H9β),2.00(m,J=10.3,1.8Hz,1H,H8β),2.00(m,J=18Hz,1H,H14β),2.13(m,1H,H8α),2.26(dd,J=9.4,2.2Hz,1H,H9α),2.36(dq,J=8,1.8Hz,1H,H14α),3.00(br,1H,3-OH),3.81(s,3H,OMe),3.90(d,J=5.9Hz,1H,H2β),4.33(d,J=11.4Hz,1H,Hb),4.57(d,J=11.4Hz,1H,Ha),4.84(dd,J=9.4,8.4Hz,1H,H10α),5.44(m,J=1.5Hz,1H,H13),6.87(d,J=8.8Hz,2H,H2’),7.26(d,J=8.8Hz,2H,H1’).
向98毫克(0.27毫摩尔)上述二醇类化合物,93毫克(136毫摩尔)咪唑和2.7mlDMF混合物中加入92微升(0.55毫摩尔)TESCl混合物在室温条件下搅拌14小时后,加入3ml甲醇,浓缩后用10ml己烷稀释。过滤后浓缩有机层,用闪式层析法(洗脱液为9∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到126毫克(收率为98%)无色油状10-β-保护的烯类化合物22(P2为PMB,P10为TES)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):0.59(q,J=8Hz,6H,CH2 10-TES)),0.95(t,J=8Hz,9H,CH3 10-TES),1.20(s,3H,17Me),1.25(s,3H,16Me),1.77(td,J=2.2,2.2,1.6Hz,3H,18Me),1.81(dd,J=6.1,5.8Hz,1H,H1),1.90(m,1H,H9β),1.97(m,J=18.2Hz,1H,H14β),2.00(m,1H,H8β),2.08(ddd,J=14.1,7.4,1Hz,1H,H8α),2.15(ddd,J=14.1,9.3,3.5Hz,1H,H9α),2.32(dd,J=18.2,3.2Hz,1H,H14α),2.94(d,J=1.3Hz,1H,3-OH),3.78(s,3H,OMe),3.86(d,J=6.1Hz,1H,H2β),4.31(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,Hb),4.55(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,Ha),4.79(dd,J=9.3,9Hz,1H,H10α),5.37(ddq,J=3.5,3.2,1.6Hz,1H,H13),6.85(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H2’),7.24(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H1’);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):5.2,6.9,22.8,23.2,25.6,27.0,34.0,40.2,40.3,51.0,55.2,65.7,67.9,72.1,85.8,88.7,113.7,122.1,129.1,130.7,139.9,159.1.
酮类化合物24(P2为PMB,P10为TES,P13为氢)
向70毫克(0.15毫摩尔)上述醇类化合物22(P2为PMB,P10为TES)的686微升二氯甲烷中加入177微升(0.6毫摩尔)Ti(iOPr)4,在室温条件下将该溶液搅拌15分钟,加入77微升(0.752毫摩尔)叔丁基过氧化氢。室温反应1.5小时后,加入500微升过量的二甲硫醚,混合物回流14小时。减压除去溶剂后,将残余物溶于5ml乙酸乙酯及300微升水中。室温搅拌3小时后,用硫酸钠干燥。用硅藻土过滤后浓缩,用加压色谱层析法(洗脱液为7∶3己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到77.8毫克(收率为100%)的无色油状酮类化合物24(P2为PMB,P10为TES,P13为氢)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):0.58(q,J=8.1Hz,6H,CH2 10-TES),0.95(t,J=8.1Hz,3H,CH3 10-TES),0.99(s,3H,17Me),1.59(s,3H,16Me),1.67(d,J=1.8Hz,3H,18Me),1.85(ddd,J=13.9,6,3.3Hz,1H,H9α),1.94(m,J=6.6,2.6Hz,1H,H8α),2.04(dd,J=7.3,3.3Hz,1H,H1),2.20(ddd,J=14.3,7.7,3.3Hz,1H,H8β),2.21(dd,J=15.8,3.3Hz,1H,H14α),2.29(m,1H,H9β),2.62(ddd,J=15.8,10.5,7.3Hz,1H,H14β),3.80(s,3H,OMe),4.07(dd,J=10.5,1.8Hz,1H,H13β),4.25(d,J=11.4Hz,1H,Hb),4.37(d,J=3.3Hz,1H,H2β),4.37(d,J=11.4Hz,1H,Ha),4.75(dd,J=10.3,6Hz,1H,H10α),6.86(d,J=8.8Hz,2H,H2’),7.22(d,J=8.8Hz,2H,H1’).
酮类化合物24(P2为PMB,P10为TES,P13为TBS)
于-25℃向143毫克(0.3毫摩尔)酮类化合物24(P2为PMB,P10为TES,P13为氢)粗品的2ml吡啶溶液缓慢加入134微升(0.6毫摩尔)TBSOTf。在-10℃搅拌3小时,用20ml己烷稀释,加入1ml甲醇淬灭反应后浓缩。残余物溶于20ml己烷中,用3ml饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤。水层用10ml二氯甲烷,10ml乙酸乙酯提取。合并有机层,用硫酸钠干燥后浓缩。用闪式层析法(洗脱液为9∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到178.3毫克(收率为100%)酮类化合物24(P2为PMB,P10为TES,P13为TBS)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):0.05(s,3H,CH3 13-TBS),0.09(s,3H,CH3 13-TBS),0.57(q,J=7.8Hz,6H,CH2 10-TES),0.95(t,J=7.8Hz,9H,CH3 10-TES),0.96(s,9H,(CH3)3 13-TBS),1.04(s,3H,17Me),1.59(s,3H,16Me),1.60(d,J=1.1Hz,3H,18Me),1.83(ddd,J=13.7,6.6,3.4Hz,1H,H9α),1.94(m,J=15.8Hz,1H,H14β),1.98(dd,J=7.4,3Hz,1H,H1),2.16(dd,J=14,3.4Hz,1H,H8β),2.22(m,1H,H8α),2.25(dd,J=15.8,3.8Hz,1H,H14α),2.27(m,J=7Hz,1H,H9β),3.80(s,3H,OMe),4.17(d,J=11.5Hz,1H,Hb),4.33(d,J=3Hz,1H,H2β),4.38(d,J=11.5Hz,1H,Ha),4.42(m,J=9.1,1.1Hz,1H,H13β),4.77(dd,J=10.8,6.6Hz,1H,H10α),6.84(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H2’),7.23(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H1’).
酮类化合物26(P2为PMB,P9为氢)
于-10℃向866毫克(2.4毫摩尔)酮类化合物20的24ml四氢呋喃溶液中加入1.7ml(9.73毫摩尔)1MLiHMDS的四氢呋喃溶液。混合物搅拌1小时后,冷却至-78℃,倒入100ml己烷,有机层用20ml饱和碳酸氢钠溶液及20ml盐水洗涤。水层合并后用50ml己烷提取,有机层用硫酸钠干燥后浓缩得到1.87克黄色油状物粗品(3,10-二TES烯醇醚)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):0.46(q,J=7.6Hz,6H,CH2 TES),0.72(q,J=7.6Hz,6H,CH2 TES),0.83(t,J=7.6Hz,9H,CH3 TES),0.94(s,3H,16Me),1.00(t,J=7.6Hz,9H,CH3 TES),1.17(s,3H,17Me),1.67(m,J=1.6,1.8Hz,3H,18Me),1.96 (m,2H,H14β-H1),2.28(m,J=16.7,1.8Hz,1H,H14α),2.30(dd,J=16,2.1Hz,1H,H8),2.41(dd,J=16,2.5Hz,1H,H8),3.81(s,3H,OMe),3.82(dd,J=5.2,0.9Hz,1H,H2β),4.26(d,J=10.8Hz,1H,Hb),4.38(d,J=10.8Hz,1H,Ha),4.45(dd,J=2.5,2.1Hz,1H,H9),5.17(m,1H,H13),6.86(d,J=8.7Hz,2H,H2’),7.27(d,J=8.7Hz,2H,H1’).
于0℃向1.87克粗品和613毫克(7.3毫摩尔)碳酸氢钠的50ml己烷的混合物中加入900毫克(3.6毫摩尔)mCPBA。在0℃搅拌4小时后,用100ml己烷稀释,有机层用50ml1∶1饱和碳酸氢钠和硫代硫酸钠溶液洗涤两次。用硫酸钠干燥后浓缩。
于0℃向上述粗品的10ml四氢呋喃中加入12ml(12毫摩尔)1MTBAF的四氢呋喃溶液。将该溶液室温搅拌1小时,用100ml乙酸乙酯稀释后,用20ml饱和碳酸氢钠溶液及20ml盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥。闪式层析法(洗脱液为1∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到690毫克(三步收率为73%)酮类化合物26(P2为PMB,P9为氢)。1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):0.99(s,3H,16Me),1.16(s,3H,17Me),1.69(m,J=1.8Hz,3H,18Me),2.07(m,J=2.3Hz,1H,H14β),2.09(m,1H,H1),2.33(dd,J=15.8,1.8Hz,1H,H8α),2.44(ddd,J=15.8,7,1.8Hz,1H,H8β),2.48(m,1H,H14α),2.91(br,1H,9-OH),2.35(br,1H,3-OH),3.81(s,3H,OMe),4.01(d,J=5.9Hz,1H,H2β),4.02(m,1H,H9β),4.42(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,Hb),4.64(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,Ha),5.45(m,1H,H13),6.90(d,J=8.3Hz,2H,H2’),7.29(d,J=8.3Hz,2H,H1’).
酮类化合物26(P2为PMB,P9为TES)
于0℃向718毫克(1.26毫摩尔)上述酮类化合物26(P2为PMB,P9为氢)粗品的13.5ml二氯甲烷及2ml(14.13毫摩尔)三乙胺溶液中缓慢加入催化剂量的DMAP及710微升(4.2毫摩尔)TESCl。混合物在氮气条件下搅拌1小时。加入3ml甲醇,在室温条件下搅拌15分钟后浓缩。将粗品溶于100ml己烷中,过滤除去无机盐。有机层用硫酸钠干燥后浓缩。闪式层析法(洗脱液为8∶2己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到604毫克(二步收率为88%)无色油状酮类化合物26(P2为PMB,P9为TES)。1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):0.60(q,J=8Hz,6H,CH2 9-TES),0.95(s,3H,16Me),0.98(t,J=8Hz,9H,CH3 9-TES),1.30(s,3H,17Me),1.67(td,J=2.2,2.2,1.3Hz,3H,18Me),2.20(m,J=6.1Hz,1H,H1),2.22(ddq,J=14.2,3.2,2.2Hz,1H,H14β),2.31(dd,J=15.3,2.2Hz,1H,H8α),2.42(ddd,J=15.3,7.7,1.3Hz,1H,H8β),2.47(ddq,J=14.2,3.5,2.2Hz,1H,H14α),3.10(br,1H,3-OH),3.80(s,3H,OMe),3.95(d,J=6.1Hz,1H,H2β),4.05(dd,J=7.7,2.2Hz,1H,H9β),4.37(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,Hb),4.67(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,Ha),5.40(ddq,J=3.5,3.2,1.3Hz,1H,H13),6.86(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H2’),7.28(dJ=8.6Hz,2H,H1’).
三醇类化合物27(P2为PMB,P9,P10均为氢)
于0℃向590毫克(1.58毫摩尔)3,9-二羟基酮类化合物26的20ml乙醚溶液缓慢加入2.4ml(2.4毫摩尔)1M氢化锂铝乙醚溶液。2小时后,依次加入3ml水,3ml1M氢氧化钠溶液及6ml水淬灭反应。将该溶液在室温条件下搅拌2小时后,用100ml乙酸乙酯稀释。用硅藻土过滤后,有机层用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后得到530毫克(收率为90%)无色油状三醇类化合物27。
烯类化合物27(P2为PMB,P9为TES,P10为氢)
于0℃向530毫克(1.41毫摩尔)上述三醇类化合物27(P2为PMB,P9,P10均为氢)的26ml二氯甲烷及2ml(14.13毫摩尔)三乙胺溶液加入催化剂量的DMAP及355微升(2.11毫摩尔)TESCl。该混合物在氮气条件下搅拌1小时。加入5ml甲醇后,混合物在室温条件下搅拌15分钟后浓缩。粗品溶于150ml己烷,过滤。浓缩有机层后,用闪式层析法(洗脱液为8∶2己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到649毫克(收率为94%)白色固状二醇类化合物27(P2为PMB,P9为TES,P10为氢)m.p.90-92℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):0.59(q,J=8.1Hz,6H,CH2 9-TES),0.96(t,J=8.1Hz,9H,CH3 9-TES),1.15(s,3H,16Me),1.21(s,3H,17Me),1.59(br s,1H,10-OH),1.78(t,J=5.7Hz,1H,H1),1.81(dt,J=2.4,1.9,1.9Hz,3H,18Me),1.97(ddq,J=18.2,3.4,2.4Hz,1H,H14β),1.99(dd,J=14.8,6.3Hz,1H,H8α),2.28(dd,J=14.8,9.1Hz,1H,H8β),2.32(ddq,J=18.2,3.4,1.9Hz,1H,H14α),3.00(br s,1H,3-OH),3.79(s,3H,OMe),3.81(d,J=5.7Hz,1H,H2β),4.29(d,J=11Hz,1H,Hb),4.40(ddd,J=9.1,7.7,6.3Hz,1H,H9β),4.45(t,J=7.7Hz,1H,H10α),4.54(d,J=11Hz,1H,Ha),5.40(m,J=3.4Hz,1H,H13),6.85(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H2’),7.26(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H1’).
酮类化合物28(P2为PMB,P9为TES硅,P10为氢,P13为氢)
于0℃向400毫克(0.83毫摩尔)上述二醇类化合物27(P2为PMB,P9为TES,P10为氢)的5ml二氯甲烷溶液加入987微升(3.31毫摩尔)Ti(OiPr)4,30分钟后加入425微升(4.15毫摩尔)叔丁基过氧化氢。在0℃将混合物搅拌4小时。加入1.24ml(16.6毫摩尔)二甲硫醚,混合物在室温条件下搅拌14小时。浓缩后,将残余物溶于200ml四氢呋喃。加入3ml水后3小时,混合物用硫酸钠干燥。过滤后浓缩得到496.4毫克无色油状化合物28(P2为PMB,P9为TES,P10为氢,P13为氢)的粗品。
酮类化合物28(P2为PMB,P9为TES,P10为氢,P13为TBS)
于-45℃向496.4毫克上述酮类化合物28(P2为PMB,P9为TES,P10为氢,P13为氢)粗品的3.3ml吡啶溶液加入420微升(1.82毫摩尔)TBSOTf。在-10℃反应液搅拌2小时,用20ml己烷稀释,加入500微升甲醇淬灭反应,搅拌30分钟,浓缩除去易挥发性成分,将残余物溶于20ml己烷中,过滤,用闪式层析法(洗脱液为9∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到450毫克(二步收率为89%)浅黄色固状酮类化合物28(P2为PMB,P9为TES,P10为氢,P13为TBS)
m.p.64-66℃;1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3),δ
(ppm):0.06(s,3H,CH3 13-TBS),0.10(s,3H,CH3 13-TBS),0.58(q,J
=7.9Hz,6H,CH2 9-TES),0.95(t,J=7.9Hz,9H,CH3 9-TES),0.96(s,9H,
(CH3)3 13-TBS),1.10(s,3H,17Me),1.52(s,3H,16Me),1.70(d,J=1.1Hz,
3H,18Me),1.98(dd,J=7.3,2.9Hz,1H,H1),2.04(dd,J=16.9,4.4Hz,1H,
H8β),2.07(d,J=2.3Hz,1H,10-OH),2.26(dd,J=14.9,5.7Hz,1H,H14α),
2.30(dd,J=14.9,7.3Hz,1H,H14β),2.35(dd,J=16.9,12Hz,1H,H8α),3.80
(s,3H,OMe),4.16(d,J=2.9Hz,1H,H2β),4.24(d,J=12Hz,1H,Hb),4.39
(ddd,J=12,8.8,4.4Hz,1H,H9β),4.44(d,J=12Hz,1H,Ha),4.46(m,1H,
H13β),4.55(dd,J=8.8,2.3Hz,1H,H10α),6.86(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H2’),7.22
(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H1’);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):-5.1,-4.2,4.9,
6.7,15.9,18.1,21.4,22.3,25.4,25.7,41.1,48.4,48.9,55.2,69.9,72.4,
76.5,84.6,86.9,113.7,121.1,128.3,130.2,136.8,159.2,216.2.
酮类化合物28(P2为DMB,P9为TMS,P10为TES,P13为TBS)
于-78℃向218毫克(0.35毫摩尔)酮类化合物28(P2为PMB,P9为TES,P10为氢,P13为TBS)的6.4ml四氢呋喃溶液加入92微升(0.53毫摩尔)HMPA及530微升(0.53毫摩尔)1MLiHMDS的四氢呋喃溶液。在-20℃混合物搅拌1小时后冷却至-78℃,依次加入148微升(1.06毫摩尔)三乙胺及90微升(0.7毫摩尔)的TMSCl。 30分钟后,混合物用20ml己烷稀释,有机层用1∶1碳酸氢钠及盐水洗涤。水层用20ml己烷/乙酸乙酯(8∶2)提取,合并有机层,用硫酸钠干燥后浓缩。用闪式层析法(洗脱液为9∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到207毫克(收率为93%)无色油状酮类化合物28(P2为PMB,P9为TMS,P10为TES,P13为TBS)。
1H NMR(400MHz,C6D6),δ(ppm):0.04(s,3H,CH3 13-TBS),0.13(s,9H,CH3 9-TMS),0.14(s,3H,CH3 13-TBS),0.68(q,J=8.1Hz,6H,CH2 10-TES),1.04(t,J=8.1Hz,9H,CH3 10-TES),1.08(s,9H,(CH3)3 13-TBS),1.10(s,3H,17Me),1.64(s,3H,16Me),1.89(s,3H,18Me),2.08(dd,J=8.1,2.9Hz,1H,H1),2.15(dd,J=16.9,4.4Hz,1H,H8β),2.40(ddd,J=14.7,10.3,8.1Hz,1H,H14β),2.63(dd,J=16.9,11.7Hz,1H,H8α),2.75(dd,J=14.7,5.5Hz,1H,H14α),3.29(s,3H,OMe),4.18(d,J=11.7Hz,1H,Hb),4.30(d,J=2.9Hz,1H,H2β),4.48(ddd,J=11.7,8.4,4.4Hz,1H,H9β),4.49(d,J=11.7Hz,1H,Ha),4.55(dd,J=10.3,5.5Hz,1H,H13β),4.75(d,J=8.4Hz,1H,H10α),6.76(d,J=8.4Hz,2H,H2’),7.18(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H1’)。
酮类化合物29(P2为PMB,P9为TMS,P10为TES,P13为TBS)
于-78℃向103毫克(0.15毫摩尔)酮类化合物28(P2为MB,P9为TMS,P10为TES,P13为TBS)的5ml四氢呋喃及94微升(1.5毫摩尔)碘甲烷溶液缓慢加入3ml(1.5毫摩尔)0.5MKHMDS的四氢呋喃溶液。混合物在-78℃搅拌4小时后,加入50ml己烷稀释,用10ml饱和碳酸氢钠溶液提取。有机层用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后得到105.4毫克(收率为100%)无色油状β-19-甲基酮类化合物29(P2为PMB,P9为TMS硅,P10为TES,P13为TBS)
1H NMR(500MHz,C6D6),δ(ppm):0.04(s,3H,CH3 13-TBS),0.14(s,3H,CH3 13-TBS),0.22(s,9H,CH3 9-TMS),0.75(q,J=8.1Hz,6H,CH2 10-TES),1.04(t,J=8.1Hz,9H,CH3 10-TES),1.07(d,J=7.4Hz,3H,19Me),1.09(s,9H,(CH3)3 13-TBS),1.11(s,3H,17Me),1.65(s,3H,16Me),1.88(s,3H,18Me),2.12(dd,J=8.1,3.1Hz,1H,H1),2.36(ddd,J=14.2,10.1,8.1Hz,1H,H14β),2.45(dd,J=10.9,7.4Hz,1H,H8α),2.79(dd,J=14.2,5.5Hz,1H,H14α),3.28(s,3H,OMe),4.07(d,J=11.1Hz,1H,Hb),4.24(dd,J=10.9,8.1Hz,1H,H9β),4.28(d,J=3.1Hz,1H,H2β),4.45(d,J=11.1Hz,1H,Ha),4.54(dd,J=10.1,5Hz,1H,H13β),4.73(d,J=8.1Hz,1H,H10α),6.80(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H2’),7.29(d,J=8.6Hz,2H,H1’);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):-5.1,-4.1,4.8,6.8,14.9,18.1,19.0,25.9,26.6,28.1,29.4,29.7,37.1,41.2,45.5,53.0,55.2,67.1,69.8,70.6,95.5,113.7,129.3,130.4,137.1,137.5,159.1,210.2.
酮类化合物29(P2为氢,P9为TMS,P10为TES,P13为TBS)
于0℃向1.07克(1.5毫摩尔)酮类化合物29(P2为PMB,P9为TMS,P10为TES,P13为TBS)的137.5ml二氯甲烷/水(9∶1)溶液加入1.03克(4.5毫摩尔)DDQ。混合物在0℃搅拌4小时后,用20ml乙酸乙酯稀释,用50ml1∶1碳酸氢钠与硫代硫酸钠溶液洗涤三次。水层用100ml乙酸乙酯提取,有机层用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后得到1.04克无色油状酮类化合物29(P2为氢,P9为TMS,P10为TES,P13为TBS)。1H NMR(400MHz,C6D6),δ(ppm):0.008(s,3H,CH3 13-TBS),0.09(s,3H,CH3 13-TBS),0.18(s,9H,CH3 9-TMS),0.68(q,J=7.9Hz,6H,CH2 10-TES),1.01(t,J=7.9Hz,9H,CH3 10-TES),1.04(s,3H,17Me),1.05(d,J=7.3Hz,3H,19Me),1.06(s,9H,(CH3)3 13-TBS),1.57(s,3H,16Me),1.79(s,3H,18Me),2.00(dd,J=7.5,3.7Hz,1H,H1),2.13(dd,J=15.3,4.9Hz,1H,H14α),2.26(ddd,J=15.3,10.4,7.5Hz,1H,H14β),2.47(dq,J=11,7.3Hz,1H,H8α),3.45(d,J=7.9Hz,1H,2-OH),4.22(dd,J=11,8.6Hz,1H,H9β),4.40(dd,J=10.4,4.9Hz,1H,H13β),4.46(dd,J=7.9,3.7Hz,1H,H2β),4.66(d,J=8.6Hz,1H,H10α).
酮类化合物29(P2,P9均为TMS,P10为TES,P13为TBS)
于-10℃向1.04克酮类化合物29(P2为氢,P9为TMS,P10为TES,P13为TBS)粗品的10ml吡啶溶液加入催化剂量DMAP。在-10℃加入420微升(3.3mmol)TESCl。1小时后,在0℃混合物用100ml己烷稀释,有机层用20ml饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤二次。有机层用硫酸钠干燥后浓缩,用闪式层析法(洗脱液为99.5∶0.5己烷/乙酸乙酯)进行纯化得到856毫克(二步收率为86%)黄色油状酮类化合物29(P2,P9均为TMS,P10为TES,P13为TBS)。1H NMR(500MHz,C6D6),δ(ppm):0.03(s,3H,CH3 13-TBS),0.13(s,3H,CH3 13-TBS),0.15(s,9H,CH3 2-TMS),0.24(s,9H,CH3 9-TMS),0.72(dq,J=7.9,2.7Hz,6H,CH2 10-TES),1.04(t,J=7.9Hz,9H,CH3 10-TES),1.05(s,9H,(CH3)3 13-TBS),1.12(s,3H,17Me),1.19(d,J=7.3Hz,3H,19Me),1.72(s,3H,16Me),1.86(d,J=1.2Hz,3H,18Me),1.89 (dd,J=8.2,3.4Hz,1H,H1),2.30(ddd,J=14.6,10.3,8.2Hz,1H,H14β),2.44(dq,J=10.7,7.3Hz,1H,H8α),2.68(dd,J=14.6,5.5Hz,1H,H14α),4.35(dd,J=10.7,8.9Hz,1H,H9β),4.54(ddd,J=10.4,5.5,1.2Hz,1H,H13β),4.66(d,J=3.4Hz,1H,H2β),4.72 (d,J=8.9Hz,1H,H10α).
综上所述,可看到本发明几个目的已达到。
在不违背本发明范围下可对上述做各种变化。上述所有内容仅是为了说明不意味着任何限制。

Claims (8)

1.制备具有如下结构化合物的方法:
其包括用碱及甲硅烷化试剂处理具有如下结构化合物;
2.权利要求1的方法,其中碱选自氢化物碱及氨化物碱。
3.权利要求1的方法,其中碱选自氢化钾及六甲基二硅氮化钾。
4.权利要求1的方法,其中甲硅烷化试剂为三烃基甲硅烷卤。
5.权利要求1的方法,其中甲硅烷化试剂为三烷基甲硅烷卤化物,所述烷基含有1-4个碳原子。
6.权利要求1的方法,其中甲硅烷化试剂为三乙基甲硅化氯。
7.权利要求1的方法,其中碱选自氢化物及氨化物,甲硅烷化试剂为三烷基甲硅烷卤,烷基含有1-4个碳原子。
8.权利要求1的方法,其中碱选自氢化钾及六甲基二硅氮化钾,甲硅烷化试剂为三乙基甲硅烷氯。
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