CN1039023A - 5-氧化的β-羟-β-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶拆制剂 - Google Patents
5-氧化的β-羟-β-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶拆制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1039023A CN1039023A CN89104346A CN89104346A CN1039023A CN 1039023 A CN1039023 A CN 1039023A CN 89104346 A CN89104346 A CN 89104346A CN 89104346 A CN89104346 A CN 89104346A CN 1039023 A CN1039023 A CN 1039023A
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- phenyl
- alkyl
- daiing
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 48
- 102000004286 Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases Human genes 0.000 title description 4
- 108090000895 Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases Proteins 0.000 title description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- -1 acyl coenzyme A Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 96
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 92
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 26
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000002490 anilino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- MOIPGXQKZSZOQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl bromide Chemical compound BrC(Br)=O MOIPGXQKZSZOQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
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- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- LEHBURLTIWGHEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridinium chlorochromate Chemical compound [O-][Cr](Cl)(=O)=O.C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 LEHBURLTIWGHEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- DQPIRZYRHSKBFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy iodate Chemical compound OO[I](=O)=O DQPIRZYRHSKBFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002471 hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000302 ischemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007273 lactonization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940099246 mevacor Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpyridin-2-amine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=N1 PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960003104 ornithine Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D309/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings
- C07D309/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D309/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D309/30—Oxygen atoms, e.g. delta-lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
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Abstract
一种新的β—羟—β—甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶抑制剂,可用作抗血胆固醇过多的药物,其结构可用式(I)或(II)表示,式中多氢萘环的5—位以单键或双键与氧相连或者结合在C3-7的碳环之中。
Description
人们已经知道血胆固醇过多是局部缺血性心血管疾病(如动脉硬化)的一种主要危险因素。胆汁酸(多价)螯合剂已被用来治疗这类症状;看来它们具有中等的效力,并且它们的消耗量很大,即每次要几克,而且它们的味道不很好。
MEVACOR (Lovastatin)现在可以买到,它是一组很有效的抗血胆固醇过多药物中的一种,这组药物通过抑制β-羟-β-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶,进而限制胆固醇的生物合成而起作用。除了天然发酵产物mevastatin和Lovastatin之外,还有其各种半合成和全合成类似物。
天然存在的化合物及其半合成类似物具有下述结构通式:
式中R3是氢,C1-5烷基或者被苯基、二甲氨基或乙酰氨基中之一取代的C1-5烷基;
R*是
美国专利4,517,373公开了上述通式所示的半合成的含羟基化合物,式中R*是
美国专利4,537,859和美国专利4,448,979也公开了上述通式所示的半合成的含羟基化合物,式中R*是
这些化合物是通过某些微生物作用于相应的非羟基化的基质而制得的。美国专利4,537,859叙述的一种这类微生物是诺卡菌属的。
英国专利2,075,013公开了上述通式所示的半合成的含羟基化合物,式中R*是
该式中R1是H或甲基,R2是H或酰基。
美国专利申请系列号048,136(1987年5月15日提交)公开了上述通式所示的6-取代的化合物,式中R*是
美国专利4,604,472和4,733,003公开了一些上式化合物,式中R*是
式中X表示氢原子或2-甲基丁酰基,Y表示氢原子或甲基,R1和R2相同或不同,并且各表示一个氧原子或式=N-OR3基团,其中R3是氢或烷基。
本发明涉及式(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ)所示的β-羟-β-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A(HMG-CoA)还原酶抑制剂或其适于药用的盐:
(数字为四氢萘环中的位置编号)。
式中R1选自:
(1)C1-10烷基;
(2)取代的C1-10烷基,其中的一个或多个取代基选自
(a)卤素,
(b)羟基,
(c)C1-10烷氧基,
(d)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(e)C1-5酰氧基,
(f)C3-8环烷基,
(g)苯基,
(h)取代的苯基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(i)C1-10烷基S(O)n,其中n是0~2,
(j)C3-8环烷基S(O)n,
(k)苯基S(O)n,
(l)取代的苯基S(O)n,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(m)氧;
(3)C1-10烷氧基;
(4)C2-10烯基;
(5)C3-8环烷基;
(6)取代的C3-8环烷基,其中一个取代基选自:
(a)C1-10烷基,
(b)取代的C1-10烷基,其中的取代基选自
(Ⅰ)卤素,
(Ⅱ)羟基,
(Ⅲ)C1-10烷氧基,
(Ⅳ)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(Ⅴ)C1-5酰氧基,
(Ⅵ)苯基,
(Ⅶ)取代的苯基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(Ⅷ)C1-10烷基S(O)n,
(Ⅸ)C3-8环烷基S(O)n,
(Ⅹ)苯基S(O)n,
(Ⅺ)取代的苯基S(O)n,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(Ⅻ)氧,
(c)C1-10烷基S(O)n,
(d)C3-8环烷基S(O)n,
(e)苯基S(O)n,
(f)取代的苯基S(O)n,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(g)卤素,
(h)羟基,
(i)C1-10烷氧基,
(j)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(k)C1-5酰氧基,
(l)苯基,及
(m)取代的苯基,其中的取代基是X和Y;
(7)苯基;
(8)取代的苯基,其中取代基是X和Y;
(9)氨基;
(10)C1-5烷基氨基;
(11)二(C1-5烷基)氨基;
(12)苯基氨基;
(13)取代的苯基氨基,其中取代基是X和Y;
(14)苯基C1-10烷基氨基;
(15)取代的苯基C1-10烷基氨基,其中的取代基是X和Y;
(16)下述基团之一:
(a)哌啶基,
(b)吡咯烷基,
(c)哌嗪基,
(d)吗啉基,和
(e)硫代吗啉基;以及
(17)R10S,其中R10选自
(a)C1-10烷基,
(b)苯基,和
(c)取代的苯基,其中取代基是X和Y;
R4是:
(1)氢;
(2)C1-10烷基;和
(3)取代的C1-10烷基,其中的一个或多个取代基选自
(a)卤素,
(b)羟基,
(c)C1-10烷氧基,
(d)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(e)C1-5烷基酰氧基,
(f)苯基酰氧基,
(g)苯氧羰基,
(h)苯基C1-5烷基酰氧基,
(i)苯基C1-5烷氧基,
(j)氨基,
(k)C1-5烷基氨基,
(l)二(C1-5烷基)氨基,
(m)苯基氨基,
(n)取代的苯基氨基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(o)苯基C1-5烷基氨基,
(p)取代的苯基C1-5烷基氨基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(q)C3-8环烷基,
(r)苯基,
(s)取代的苯基,其中取代基是X和Y,
(t)苯基S(O)n,
(u)取代的苯基S(O)n,其中取代基是X和Y,
(v)苯基C1-5烷基S(O)n,
(w)C1-5烷基S(O)n,
(x)苯基氨基酰氧基,
(y)C1-5烷基氨基酰氧基,
(z)C1-5烷基酰氨基,
(aa)二(苯基C1-5烷基)膦酰基,
(bb)二(C1-5烷基)次膦酰基,
(4)R4和与其相连的碳原子一起表示C3-8碳环;R5和R6独立表示H、OH、OR7,或R5和R6和与它们相连的碳原子一起表示C=O,或R5和R6和与它们相连的碳原子一起表示含3至7个原子的碳环;但要求当R5是H时,R6是OH或OR7,以及当R5是OH时,R6是H,及当R5是OR7时,R6是H;
苯基C1-3烷基,C1-5烷基;
R8和R9独立表示H,C1-3烷基,苯基C1-3烷基或芳基,
X和Y独立地选自:
(a)OH,
(b)卤素,
(c)三氟甲基,
(d)C1-3烷氧基,
(e)C1-3烷基羰基氧基,
(f)苯基羰基氧基,
(g)C1-3烷氧羰基,
(h)苯氧羰基,
(i)氢,
(j)C1-5烷基;
Z选自:
(1)氢;
(2)C1-5烷基;
(3)取代的C1-5烷基,其中取代基选自:
(a)苯基,
(b)二甲氨基,和
(c)乙酰氨基,以及
(4)2,3羟丙基;
卤素是Cl或F;
a是单键或双键;条件是当a是双键且R5或R6是OH时,萘环5-位的构型应是5(R)。
除非特别指明,术语“烷基”,“烯基”,“酰基”,“芳氧基”和“烷氧基”包括其直链和支链两种情况。
本发明的一个实际例子是式(Ⅰ)或(Ⅱ)所示的一类化合物,其中:
R1选自:
(1)C1-10烷基;
(2)取代的C1-10烷基,其中的一个或多个取代基选自:
(a)卤素,
(b)羟基,
(c)C1-10烷氧基,
(d)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(e)C1-5酰氧基,
(f)C3-8环烷基,
(g)苯基,
(h)取代的苯基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(i)氧;
(3)C3-8环烷基;
(4)取代的C3-8环烷基,其中一个取代基选自:
(a)C1-10烷基,
(b)取代的C1-10烷基,其中的取代基选自
(Ⅰ)卤素,
(Ⅱ)羟基,
(Ⅲ)C1-10烷氧基,
(Ⅳ)C1-5酰氧基,
(Ⅴ)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(Ⅵ)苯基,
(Ⅶ)取代的苯基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(Ⅷ)氧,
(c)卤素,
(d)羟基,
(e)C1-10烷氧基,
(f)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(g)C1-5酰氧基,
(h)苯基,
(i)取代的苯基,其中的取代基是X和Y;
(5)苯基氨基;
(6)取代的苯基氨基,其中取代基是X和Y;
(7)苯基C1-10烷基氨基;
(8)取代的苯基C1-10烷基氨基,其中的取代基是X和Y;
R4是:
(1)氢;
(2)C1-10烷基;
(3)取代的C1-10烷基,其中的一个或多个取代基选自
(a)卤素,
(b)羟基,
(c)氨基;
(4)CH2R12,式中R12选自
(a)C1-5烷氧基,
(b)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(c)C1-5烷基酰氧基,
(d)苯基酰氧基,
(e)苯氧羰基,
(f)苯基C1-5烷基,
(g)苯基C1-5烷氧基,
(h)C1-5烷基氨基,
(i)二(C1-5烷基)氨基,
(j)苯基氨基,
(k)取代的苯基氨基,其中的取代基是X和Y;
(l)苯基C1-5烷基氨基,
(m)取代的苯基C1-5烷基氨基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(n)C3-8环烷基,
(o)苯基,
(p)取代的苯基,其中取代基是X和Y,
(q)苯基S(O)n,
(r)取代的苯基S(O)n,其中取代基是X和Y,
(s)苯基C1-5烷基S(O)n,
(t)C1-5烷基S(O)n,
(u)苯基氨基酰氧基,
(v)C1-5烷基氨基酰氧基,
(w)C1-5烷基酰氨基,
(x)二(苯基C1-5烷基)膦酰基,
(y)二(C1-5烷基)次膦酰基,
(5)R4和与其相连的碳原子一起表示环丙烷环;R5和R6独立表示H、OH、OR7,或R5和R6和与它们相连的碳原子一起表示C=O,或R5和R6和与它们相连的碳原子一起表示环丙烷环;但要求当R5是H时,R6是OH或OR7,以及当R5是OH时,R6是H,及当R5是OR7时,R6是H;
R8和R9独立表示H,C1-3烷基,苯基C1-3烷基或芳基,其中芳基是苯基、萘基、吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、或被X和Y基团取代的苯基、萘基、吡啶基、呋喃基或噻吩基,但要求当R7是 时,R8不是氢,以及当R7是 时,R8和R9都不是H;
X和Y独立地选自:
(a)OH,
(b)F,
(c)三氟甲基,
(d)C1-3烷氧基,
(e)氢,
(f)C1-5烷基;
在一小类式(Ⅰ)或(Ⅱ)化合物中,
R1是C1-10烷基;
R4CH3,H,或CH2苯基。
下述的式(Ⅰ)或(Ⅱ)化合物可说明这一小类化合物,其中:
R8和R9独立表示H,C1-3烷基,苯基C1-3烷基,或芳基,
其中芳基是苯基或萘基或者被X取代的苯基或萘基;
进一步说明这一小类的是下述化合物,其中R1是2-丁基或2-甲基-2-丁基;
R4是CH3。
以下述化合物为例说明这一小类化合物:
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-苄氨基羰基氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-二苯基次膦酰氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-(1-苯基乙基-2-氧基)-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-二苄氨基羰基氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(S)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(S)-羟基-6(S)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5-氧代-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),6,7,8,8a(R)-九氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5-氧代-6(S)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),6,7,8,8a(R)-九氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-八氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;以及它们相应的开环二羟基酸和酯类。
第二小类式(Ⅰ)或(Ⅱ)化合物是:
其中R1是C1-10烷基;及
R4是CH2OH,或苯基酰氧基甲基。
说明这一小类的式(Ⅰ)或(Ⅱ)化合物是:
其中R7是 ,C1-5烷基或苯基C1-3烷基;
R8和R9独立表示H,C1-3烷基,苯基C1-3烷基,或芳基,其中芳基是苯基或萘基或被X取代的苯基或萘基;
进一步说明这一小类的化合物是:
其中R1是2-丁基或2-甲基-2-丁基;
R4是CH2OH。
以下述化合物为例说明这一小类化合物:
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-羟甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-苄氨基羰基氧基-6(R)-羟甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-二苯基次膦酰氧基-6(R)-羟甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-(1-苯乙基-2-氧基)-6(R)-羟甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-二苄氨基羰基氧基-6(R)-羟甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(S)-羟甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(S)-羟基-6(S)-羟甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;及其相应的开环二羟基酸和酯类。
按照示意图1和2中的反应路线、由lovastatin或mevastatin或其6-去甲基-6-羟甲基或8-酰氧基类似物制备式(Ⅰ)化合物。
示意图1
示意图1(续)
R4′=CH3或CH2OSi(Me)2C4H9-t,或H,
T是羟基保护基,如叔丁基二甲基硅烷基,叔丁基二苯基硅烷基,三甲基硅烷基,三乙基硅烷基,三异丙基硅基或四氢吡喃基。
按照共同待审定的专利申请系列092804(1987年9月3日提交)中详述的步骤,通过还原lovastatin的3,4双键,制得化合物(1-2),在此还原反应中内酯的羟基可以保护起来或不加保护。若R4是6-羟甲基或被护的羟甲基,则6-甲基向6-羟甲基的转变可以按照1988年10月6日提交的系列号254,525中的步骤完成。内酯环中的和多氢萘环中6-位上的羟基可以按照美国专利4,444,784中的步骤用保护基如叔丁基=甲基硅烷基保护(TO)。若酰基部分不是2-甲基丁酰基,则lovastatin的酰基可以进行水解,然后按照美国专利4,444,784中的步骤用适当的链烷酰卤再将羟基酯化。链烷酰卤可以通过标准的转化反应例如在可利用的起始物的一个酸性C-H位置用烷基部分或其它适当的亲电子试剂进行取代反应来生成。
单烯(1-2)可用NBS(N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺)/THF/DMSO转变成溴代醇(1-3)。用氯代铬酸吡啶鎓盐(PCC)将溴代醇(1-3)氧化成中间体溴代酮(1-4),然后在THF/乙酸中在锌存在下进行还原脱溴反应,得到酮(1-5)。在THF/H2O中用NaBH4还原酮(1-5)得到差向异构的5-羟基衍生物(1-6)。该还原反应可以用保护了羟基的酮(1-5)或T是H的未保护的酮来进行,较好的路线是用T不是H的被护的酮来进行。苄基尿烷(1-7)是通过在DMF中、在CuCI存在下、用异氰酸苄酯处理醇(1-6)来制得的。醇(1-6)也可以在CH2Cl2中、在樟脑磺酸(CSA)存在下、用β-甲氧基苯乙烯处理,得到Z-烯醇醚,再将其在乙酸乙酯中、在10%Pd/c存在下、用H2还原,得到苯乙基醚(1-9)。次膦酸酯(1-8)是由醇(1-6)经过在CH2Cl2中用二苯基次膦酰氯和4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)处理来制得的。二苄基尿烷(1-10)是由醇(1-6)先用碳酰二氯处理、再与二苄基胺反应来制备的。化合物(1-6)的5-醇部分也可以通过标准化学转化方法转变为酯、碳酸酯和醚官能团。
6-羟甲基部分通过将羟基碘化(例如碘、三苯基膦、咪唑)而转变为6-碘甲基部分,然后再用烷基进行取代反应或用杂原子部分进行自由基介导的偶联反应,结果将CH2I变成R4。这种方法的一个实例是在烷基卤化物与有机金属试剂之间的交联反应(如烷基碘与二烷基铜锂-Posner,Org.React.22,253-400(1975))。
共同待审定的美国专利申请系列254,525(1988年10月6日提交)公开了制备可用作上述示意图中作为起始原料使用的6-α-去甲基6-β-甲基Iovastatin衍生物的方法。或者先除去6-α-甲基酮(1-5)中硅烷保护基T,然后用1,8-二氮杂双环〔5.4.0〕-十一-7-烯(DBU)处理,生成6-β-甲基酮(1-5),将其内酯羟基再保护后,再用NaBH4处理,得到6-β-甲基-5(S)-羟基化合物(1-6)和6-β-甲基-5(R)-羟基化合物(1-6)的混合物。
若式(Ⅰ)化合物在3,4位上含有一个双键,则可采用示意图2所示的方法。
示意图2
含被护羟基的二烯(1-1)在约0℃用间氯过氧苯甲酸处理后转化为环氧化物(2-2)和(2-3),环氧化物(2-2)再用三氟化硼乙醚合物处理,生成烯酮(2-4)。酮部分用NaBH4还原,内酯羟基用氟化四丁铵脱保护,形成醇(2-5)。如上所述,用NaBH4进行的还原反应可以在酮基被保护或不被保护(T=H)的情况下进行。化合物(2-5)的5-醇部分可以被进一步处理以形成OR7部分,如示意图1中所述。
也可以按照示意图3的方法插入双键。
将在示意图1中作为中间体形成的溴代酮(1-4)分离出来并
示意图3
T是羟基保护基,如叔丁基二甲基硅烷基在约60℃用吡啶进行除溴化氢反应形成烯酮(3-2)。在烯(3-2)中加入苯硫酚形成化合物(3-3),再用间氯过氧苯甲酸对其进行氧化消除反应以形成化合物(3-4)。酮(3-4)可以脱去保护基形成(3-5)并再还原成醇(3-6),通过标准化学方法可将醇(3-6)转化成上述任何一种OR7部分。
若上述化学转化条件可能有害于8-酰氧基部分的取代基时,可用乙酰氧基作为保护基,它可以在5-位的反应完成后通过水解而除去,得到8-羟基衍生物,然后再按照美国专利4,661,483中所述的通用方法将其酰化。
若按照上述合成途径生成的产品不是所期望的该化合物形式,可用通常方法使该化合物再进一步进行一种或多种反应,如水解、二硅烷基化、成盐作用、酯化作用、酰化作用、氨解或内酯化作用。
较好的金属盐是与碱金属(如钠或钾)所成的盐,与碱土金属(如钙)所成的盐,或与其它金属(如镁、铝、铁、锌、铜、镍、或钴)所成的盐,其中碱金属盐、碱土金属盐、镁盐和铝盐较好,钠、钙和铝所成的盐最好。
形成氨基酸盐的较好的氨基酸是碱性氨基酸,如精氨酸、赖氨酸、α,β-二氨基丁酸或鸟氨酸。
形成胺盐的较好的胺类包括叔辛胺、二苄基胺、乙二胺、吗啉、和三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷。用氨形成铵盐也比较好。
酯类中较好的是烷基酯,如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基或戊基酯,其中甲基酯较好。但其它的酯类如苯基C1-5烷基、二甲氨基C1-5烷基、或乙酰氨基C1-5烷基需要时也可以采用。
式(Ⅱ)羧酸的金属盐也可通过使氢氧化物、碳酸盐或类似溶剂与式(Ⅱ)的羧酸接触而制得。所用的水性溶剂较好的是水,或者它也可以是水与一种有机溶剂(最好是醇类(如甲醇或乙醇)、酮类(如丙酮)、脂肪烃类(如己烷)或酯类(如乙酸乙酯))的混合物。用一种亲水有机溶剂与水的混合物最好。这些反应通常在室温、但需要时也可在加热或冷却条件下进行。
式(Ⅱ)羧酸的胺盐可以通过使胺在含水溶剂中与式(Ⅱ)的羧酸接触而制得。合适的含水溶剂包括水和水与醇(如甲醇或乙醇)、醚(如乙醚或四氢呋喃)、腈(如乙腈)或酮(丙酮)的混合物;对于该反应最好用含水丙酮。该反应在室温或更低的温度进行较好,在5°至10℃更好。这一反应直接完成,或者,将式(Ⅱ)羧酸的金属盐(它可以如上所述已经制得)溶于含水溶剂中,然后加入所需要胺的无机酸盐(如盐酸盐),采用该胺本身与式(Ⅱ)羧酸进行反应时的同样条件,然后通过复分解作用得到所需产品。
式(Ⅱ)的羧酸的氨基酸盐可以通过使氨基酸的水溶液与式(Ⅱ)的羧酸反应而制得。适宜的含水溶剂包括水和水与醇(如甲醇或乙醇)或醚(如四氢呋喃)的混合物。
式(Ⅱ)羧酸的酯类(最好是烷基酯)可以通过使式(Ⅱ)的羧酸与适当的醇、最好在酸性催化剂〔如无机酸(如盐酸或硫酸)、路易斯酸(如三氟化硼)或酸性离子交换树脂〕存在下反应来制备。该反应所用溶剂不很严格,但要求它不对反应产生不利影响;适当的溶剂包括醇本身、苯、氯仿、醚类等。或者,所需产品可以通过使式(Ⅱ)的羧酸与重氮烷反应制得,其中的烷基部分可以带有或不带取代基。进行该反应时通常是使酸与重氮烷的醚溶液接触。制备酯的又一个方法是使式(Ⅱ)羧酸的金属盐与卤化物(较好的是烷基卤化物)在适当溶剂中反应;较好的溶剂包括二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃、二甲亚砜和丙酮。最后,酯类也可以由式(Ⅰ)的内酯、通过与适当的醇盐在无水链烷醇中反应来制备。所有这些生成酯的反应最好在约室温下进行,但是如果反应体系需要,也可以在加热或冷却条件下进行反应。
式(Ⅰ)羧酸的内酯可以在本领域熟练人员已知的通常条件下通过使式(Ⅱ)羧酸内酯化而制得。
所要求的化合物的内在的HMG-CoA还原酶抑制活性按在J.Med.Chem.,28,p347-358(1985)公布的体外试验记录进行测量。
为了评价相对抑制效力,把compactin(即mevastatin)的值定为100,将试验化合物的IC50值与按照公布的体外试验记录同时测定的compactin的IC50值进行比较。
所要求化合物的内在的HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂活性的代表性数据是下述式(Ⅰ)化合物的相对效力:
化合物 相对效力
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲
基丁酰氧基-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-二苯
基次膦酰氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,
4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)
-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟
基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-
酮 300
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲
化合物 相对效力
基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-苄基
氨基羰基氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,
4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-
十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-
3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮 360
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基
丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-(1-
苯基乙基-2-氧基)-6(R)-甲基-1,
2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,
8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)
-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2
-酮 300
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基
丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-二苄基
氨基羰基氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,
4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-
十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-
3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮 94
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基
丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-
6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),
5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕
乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢
化合物 相对效力
-2H-吡喃-2-酮 50
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基
丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-
6(S)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),
5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕
乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢
-2H-吡喃-2-酮 99.6
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基
丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(S)-羟基-
6(S)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),
5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕
乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢
-2H-吡喃-2-酮 11.1
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基
丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5-氧代-6(R)
-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),6,7,
8,8a(R)-九氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-
4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-
吡喃-2-酮 125
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基
丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-
6(R)-甲基-1,2,4a(R),5,6,
7,8,8a(R)-八氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕
化合物 相对效力
-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H
-吡喃-2-酮 100
本发明化合物可作为抗血胆固醇过多药物用于治疗人类动脉硬化、血脂过高、家族血胆固醇过多等类似疾病。它们可以胶囊、片剂、注射剂或类似剂型口服或非肠胃给药。通常希望通过口服途径给药。可以根据病人的年龄、严重程度、体重和其它条件改变剂量,但成年人的日剂量是约10毫克至2000毫克(10至100毫克较好),可以分成2至4个分剂量给药。
本发明化合物也可以与能在胃肠道中以不可再吸收形式与胆汗酸结合的可药用的非毒性阳离子聚合物一起使用。这种聚合物的例子包括消胆胺、消胆宁和聚〔甲基-(3-三甲氨基丙基)亚氨基-三亚甲基二卤化物〕。本发明化合物与这些聚合物的相对量在1∶100和1∶15,000之间。
包括在本发明范围内的还有治疗动脉硬化、家族血胆固醇过多或血脂过多症的方法该方法包括对需要这种治疗的病人使用一种无毒的、治疗有效量的式(Ⅰ)或(Ⅱ)化合物或它们的药用组合物。
包括在本发明范围内的还有其中a是一个单键或双键的5-羟基化合物的制备方法。中间体化合物(1-4)和(3-2)也包括在本发明的范围内。
下述实例说明式(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ)化合物的制备方法以及将它们掺入药用组合物中去的方法,并且这些实例不应被认为是对所附权利要求中提出的发明内容的限制。
实例1
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(1-6)的制备
第1步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,6,7,8,8a(S)-八氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(1)
于50%的甲苯的无水乙醇(300毫升)溶液中鼓泡通入氮气5分钟。往此溶剂中加入威尔金森氏催化剂(5.0克,33%重量),将混合物在室温和50psiH2下还原1小时。加入Simvastatin(15克,36毫摩尔),所得浅黄色溶液在室温和H2(60psi)下还原40小时。将混合物浓缩,残余物在700毫升甲苯中、于60℃下、在硫尿(5.0克,64毫摩尔)存在下加热1.5小时。将混合物冷至0℃(冰浴),过滤并浓缩。残余物用50%EtOAc/己烷稀释,通过硅胶(~250cc)垫,得到米色固体2;mp=128-129℃(乙酸乙酯/己烷);TLC Rf=0.65(EtOAc);
1H NMR*(CDCl3)δ5.36(bs,1H),5.30(m,1H),4.58(m,1H),4.33(m,1H),2.68(dd,J=17和5Hz,1H),2.68(m,1H),2.59(dd,J=17和4Hz,1H),2.30-1.20(m),1.13(s,3H),1.12(s,3H),1.05(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.87(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.82(t,J=7Hz,3H).第2步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S),6(R)-二甲基-1,2,3,4,6,7,8,8a(R)-八氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(2)
于醇1(5.0克,11.9毫摩尔),咪唑(1.8克,26.2毫摩尔)和无水DMF(30毫升)的25℃的搅拌溶液中加入叔丁基二甲基硅烷基氯(2.0克,13.0毫摩尔)。4小时后,将该反应混合物用石油醚稀释,用水(两份)和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4),浓缩,得到无色油状硅醚2;
TLC Rf=0.70(50%乙醚/石油醚);1H NMR(CDCl3)δ5.39(m,1H,)5.28(m,1H),4.57(m,1H),4.27(m,1H),2.57(m,2H),2.20-1.20(m),1.15(s,3H),1.14(s,3H),1.07(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.86(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.82(t,J=7Hz,3H).
第3步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-4a(S)-溴-5(S)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a(R)-九氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(3)
*NMR谱是用Varian XL-300仪器测定的。
于6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,6,7,8,8a(R)-八氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(95毫克,0.23毫摩尔)、DMSO(1.0毫升)、THF(0.5毫升)和水(12微升,0.7毫摩尔)的5℃的搅拌溶液中加入N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(NBS)(61毫克,0.33毫摩尔)。1小时后,该黄色反应混合物用乙醚稀释,用水、饱和NaHCO3和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4),浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,30%EtOAc/己烷)后得到无色油状的溴代醇
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ5.08(m,1H),4.54(m,1H),4.26(m,1H),4.13(d,J=3Hz,1H),2.63-2.48(m,2H),2.35-1.1(m),1.31(d,J=6Hz,3H),1.13(s,3H),1.12(s,3H),0.87(s,9H),0.8(m,6H)0.05(s,3H),0.04(s,3H).
第4步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-4a(S)-溴-5-氧代-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,6,7,8,8a(R)-八氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(4)
于化合物3(2.4克,3.8毫摩尔)、4 分子筛(2.5克)和无水CH2Cl2(19毫升)的0℃的搅拌混合物中加入氯铬酸吡啶鎓盐(PCC)(3.2克,14.8毫摩尔)。搅拌30分钟后,移去冰浴,继续搅拌30分钟。将反应混合物用乙醚稀释,通过硅藻土(Celite)垫过滤到装有乙酸(0.8毫升,14.0毫摩尔)的滤瓶中。在10℃浓缩后得到溴代酮4的粗品。闪式层析(硅胶,15%EtOAc/己烷)后得固体化合物4(m.p.85-87℃)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ5.24(m,1H),4.60(m,1H),4.32(m,1H),2.75(m,1H),2.62(m,2H),2.40-1.20(m),
1.24(d,J=7Hz,3H),1.21(s,3H),1.19(s,3H),0.91(s,9H),0.89(m,6H),0.11(s,3H),0.10(s,3H).
第5步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5-氧代-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),6,7,8,8a(R)-九氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(5)
将溴代酮4粗品(2.6克,3.8毫摩尔)溶于THF/HOAc(38毫升)中,然后在室温用锌(0.74克,11.4毫摩尔)处理。剧烈搅拌1小时后,反应混合物用乙醚稀释,滤除过量的锌。滤液用水和盐水洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,15%EtOAc/己烷)后得固体化合物5(m.p.147-148℃)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ5.31(m,1H),4.60(m,1H),4.29(m,1H),2.58(m,2H),2.24-1.20(m),1.24(d,J=7Hz,3H,1.88(s,3H),1.17(s,3H),0.89(s,9H),0.87(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.83(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.06(s,6H).
第6步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(6)
于化合物5(320毫克,0.58毫摩尔)、THF(2.6毫升)、和水(0.3毫升)的0℃的搅拌溶液中加入NaBH4(66毫克,1.7毫摩尔)。35分钟后,反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,用水(两份)和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,20%乙酸乙酯/己烷)后得无色油状化合物6。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ5.06(m,1H),4.60(m,1H),4.14(m,1H),3.45(dd,J=10and 5Hz,1H),2.56(m,2H),2.15-1.15(m),1.17(s,3H),1.16(s,3H),1.07(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.88(s,9H),0.88(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.86(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.08(s,3H),0.08(s,3H).
第7步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(Ⅰ-6)
在室温下,于化合物6(98毫克,0.18毫摩尔)、THF(530微升)和HOAc(41微升,0.71毫摩尔)的搅拌溶液中加入氟化四丁铵(1M THF,530微升,0.53毫摩尔)。20小时后,反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,用水和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,60%EtOAc/己烷)后得晶状固体化合物(Ⅰ-6)。
mp=142-143℃
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ5.05(m,1H),4.54(m,1H),4.31(m,1H),3.42(dd,J=10和5Hz,1H),2.69(dd,J=17和5Hz,1H),2.57(dd,J=17和4Hz,1H),2.12-1.10(m),1.17(s,3H),1.16(s,3H),1.06(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.82(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.79(d,J=7Hz,3H).
元素分析: C25H42O6=0.5H2O:
计算: C,67.08;H,9.68
测定: C,66.84;H,9.31
实例2
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-苄氨基羧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(Ⅰ-7)的制备
第1步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-4a(S)-溴-5(S)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a(R)-九氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(3)
于6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,6,7,8,8a(R)-八氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(95毫克,0.23毫摩尔)、DMSO(1.0毫升)、THF(0.5毫升)和H2O(12微升,0.7毫摩尔)的5℃的搅拌溶液中加入N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(NBS)(61毫克,0.33毫摩尔)。1小时后,该黄色反应混合物用乙醚稀释,用水、饱和NaHCO3和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,30%EtOAc/己烷)后得无色油状的溴代醇。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ5.08(m,1H),4.54(m,1H),4.26(m,1H),4.13(d,J=3Hz,1H),2.63-2.48(m,2H),2.35-1.1(m),1.31(d,J=6Hz,3H),1.13(s,3H),1.12(s,3H),0.87(s,9H),0.8(m,6H),0.05(s,3H),0.04(s,3H).
第2步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5-氧代-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),6,7,8,8a(R)-九氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(5)
于化合物3(2.4克,3.8毫摩尔)、4 分子筛(2.5克)和无水CH2Cl2(19毫升)的0℃的搅拌溶液中加入氯铬酸吡啶鎓盐(PCC)(3.2克,5.2毫摩尔)。搅拌30分钟后,移去冰浴,继续搅拌30分钟。反应混合物用乙醚稀释,通过硅藻土(Celite)垫过滤到装有乙酸(0.8毫升,14.0毫摩尔)的滤液瓶中。在10℃浓缩,得溴代酮粗品,将其直接还原。将溴代酮粗品溶于THF/HOAc(38毫升)中,然后在室温下用锌(0.74克,11.4毫摩尔)处理。剧烈搅拌1小时后,反应混合物用乙醚稀释,滤除过量的锌。滤液用水和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,15%EtOAc/己烷)后得固体化合物5。(m.p.147-148℃)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ5.31(m,1H),4.60(m,1H),4.29(m,1H),2.58(m,2H),2.24-1.20(m),1.24(d,J=7Hz,3H),1.88(s,3H),1.17(s,3H),0.89(s,9H),0.87(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.83(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.06(s,6H).
第3步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(6)
于化合物5(320毫克,0.58毫摩尔)、THF(2.6毫升)和H2O(0.3毫升)的0℃的搅拌溶液中加入NaHB4(66毫克,1.7毫摩尔)。35分钟后,反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,用水(两份)和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,20%乙酸乙酯/己烷)后得无色油状化合物6。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ5.06(m,1H),4.60(m,1H),4.14(m,1H),3.45(dd,J=10和5Hz,1H),2.56(m,2H),2.15-1.15(m),1.17(s,3H),1.16(s,3H),1.07(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.88(s,9H),0.88(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.86(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.08(s,3H),0.08(s,3H).毫摩尔)。搅拌30分钟后,移去冰浴,继续搅拌30分钟。反应混合物用乙醚稀释,通过硅藻土(Celite)垫过滤到装有乙酸(0.8毫升,14.0毫摩尔)的滤液瓶中。在10℃浓缩,得溴代酮粗品,将其直接还原。将溴代酮粗品溶于THF/HOAc(38毫升)中,然后在室温下用锌(0.74克,11.4毫摩尔)处理。剧烈搅拌1小时后,反应混合物用乙醚
往化合物6(227毫克,0.41毫摩尔)、脱气DMF(2.0毫升)和CuCl(41毫克,0.41毫摩尔)的25℃的混合物中加入异氰酸苄酯(82毫克,0.62毫摩尔)。1小时后,该暗绿色混合物用乙醚稀释,用水和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,20%EtOAc/己烷)后得无色油状化合物7。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.30(m,5H),5.06(m,1H),4.93(m,1H),4.61(dd,J=10 and 5Hz,1H),4.37(d,J=6Hz,2H),4.25(m,1H),2.55(m,2H),2.27(m,1H),2.00-1.10(m),1.14(s,3H),1.13(s,3H),0.86(s,9H),0.80(m,9H),0.06(s,6H).
第5步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-苄氨基羰基氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(Ⅰ-7)
采用与实例1第7步相同的步骤,将化合物7(80毫克,0.11毫摩尔)转变成所需的化合物(Ⅰ-7),为无定形固体。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.30(m,5H),5.08(m,1H),5.02(t,J=6Hz,1H),4.59(dd,J=10和5Hz,1H),4.54(m,1H),4.34(d,J=6Hz,2H),4.30(m,1H),3.03(bs,1H),2.69(dd,J=18和5Hz,1H),2.58(dd,J=18和4Hz,1H),2.26(m,1H),2.00-1.10(m),1.14(s,3H),1.13(s,3H),0.82(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.78(d,J=7Hz,3H).
元素分析: C33H49O7N·1.5H2O
计算: C,66.20;H,8.75N,2.34
测定: C,65.86;H,8.99N,2.03
实例3
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(S)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(14)和
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(S)-羟基-6(S)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(15)的制备
重复实例1第1-5步,但以叔丁基二苯基硅烷基作为羟基保护基。
第6步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5-氧代-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),6,7,8,8a(R)-九氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(12)
于6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5-氧代-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),6,7,8,8a(R)-九氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二苯基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(345毫克,0.63毫摩尔)和CH2Cl2(3.1毫升)的0℃的搅拌溶液中加入HF·吡啶(0.19克)。1小时后,反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,小心地用饱和碳酸氢钠和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,50%乙酸乙酯/己烷)后得到无色固体化合物12。
mp=159-160℃
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ5.36(m,1H),4.63(m,1H),4.40(m,1H),2.78(dd,J=18 and 5Hz,1H),2.60(m,2H),2.20(m,1H),2.05-1.15(m),1.26(d,J=7Hz,3H),1.21(s,3H),1.20(s,3H),0.88(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.85(d,J=7Hz,3H).
第7步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5-氧代-6(S)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),6,7,8,8a(R)-九氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(13)
将化合物12(150毫克,0.34毫摩尔)、1,8-二氮杂环〔5.4.0〕十一碳-7-烯(DBU)(52微升,0.34毫摩尔)和无水甲苯的溶液在80℃加热搅拌3小时。将冷却的反应混合物浓缩,将残余物进行闪式层析(硅胶,50%乙酸乙酯/己烷),得到所期望的化合物13,为晶状固体。(m.p.133-134℃)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ5.28(m,1H),4.60(m,1H),4.48(m,1H),2.74(dd,J=18和5Hz,1H),2.62(m,2H),2.47(ddd,J=9,9,和3Hz,1H),2.33(m,1H),2.00-1.10(m),1.23(s,3H),1.22(s,3H),0.98(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.87(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.80(d,J=7Hz,3H).
第8步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(S)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(14)和6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(S)-羟基-6(S)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(15)
于化合物13(68毫克,0.15毫摩尔)、THF(1.4毫升)和H2O(0.15毫升)的0℃的搅拌溶液中加入NaBH4(11毫克,0.30毫摩尔)。15分钟后,反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,用H2O和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,15%丙酮/苯)后得到移动较快的化合物14和移动较慢的化合物15,为无定形固体。
1H NMR of 化合物 (14)(CDCl3)δ5.08(m,1H),4.57(m,1H),4.36(m,1H),2.86(ddd,J=10,5,和5Hz,1H),2.74(dd,J=18和5Hz,1H),2.61(m,1H),2.05-1.15(m),1.17(s,6H),1.00(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.85(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.83(d,J=7Hz,3H).
元素分析 C25H42O6
计算: C,68.46;H,9.65
测定: C,68.17;H,9.50
1H NMR(CDCl3)of化合物 (15)δ5.14(m,1H),4.59(m,1H),4.36(m,1H),3.53(bs,1H),2.74(dd,J=18和5Hz,1H),2.60(m,1H),2.20(d,J=3Hz,1H),2.00-1.20(m),1.17(s,3H),1.16(s,3H),0.95(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.85(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.84(d,J=7Hz,3H).
元素分析 C25H42O6
计算: C,68.46;H,9.65
测定: C,68.09;H,9.18
实例4
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-(1-苯基乙基-2-氧基)-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(18)的制备
重复实例1第1-6步操作,但用叔丁基二苯基硅烷基作为羟基保护基。
第7步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-(1-苯基乙烯-2-氧基)-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二苯基硅氧基-5,6,7,8-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(16)
于6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二苯基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(270毫克,0.40毫摩尔)、β-甲氧基苯乙烯(165微升,1.2毫摩尔)和无水CH2Cl2(4毫升)的0℃的搅拌溶液中加入(±)-樟脑磺酸(23毫克,0.10毫摩尔)。15分钟后,移去冷浴,继续搅拌3小时。用三乙胺(195微升,1.2毫摩尔)使反应聚冷并浓缩,将残余物进行闪式层析(硅胶,15%EtOAc/己烷),得到无色泡沫状化合物16。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.68-7.20(m,15H),6.23(d,J=7Hz,1H),5.20(d,J=7Hz,1H),5.09(m,1H),4.67(m,1H),4.27(m,1H),3.56(dd,J=10和5Hz,1H),2.57(m,1H),2.43(dd,J=18和4Hz,1H),2.26(m,1H),2.10-1.10(m),1.17(s,3H),1.16(s,3H),1.08(s,9H),0.86(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.84(d,J=7Hz,3H).
第8步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-(1-苯基乙基-2-氧基)-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二苯基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(17)
在25℃和氢气氛下(1大气压),将化合物16(150毫克,0.19毫摩尔)、10%Pd/C(30毫克)和乙酸乙酯(5.0毫升)的混合物搅拌8.0小时。用硅藻土(Celite)过滤反应混合物并进行浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,15%乙酸乙酯/己烷)后得无色油状化合物17。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.65-7.20(m,15H),5.00(m,1H),4.66(m,1H),4.23(m,1H),3.78(m,1H),3.46(m,1H),3.02(dd,J=10和5Hz,1H),2.88(ddd,J=7,7,和3Hz,2H),2.56(m,1H),2.41(dd,J=18和4Hz,1H),2.22(m,1H),2.05-1.10(m),1.14(s,3H),1.08(s,9H),0.98(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.82(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.79(d,J=7Hz,3H).
第9步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-(1-苯基乙基-2-氧基)-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(18)
采用实例1第7步的方法,将化合物17(39毫克,50毫摩尔)转变成所需的无色油状化合物18。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.25(m,5H),5.05(m,1H),4.55(m,1H),4.32(m,1H),3.73(m,1H),3.47(m,1H),3.01(dd,J=10和5Hz,1H),2.88(m,2H),2.71(dd,J=18 and 5Hz,1H),2.59(dd,J=18和4Hz,1H),2.22(m,2H),2.00-1.10(m),1.14(s,3H),1.13(s,3H),0.99(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.82(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.78(d,J=7Hz,3H).
元素分析: C33H50O6·0.25H2O
计算: C,72.43;H,9.32
测定: C,72.53;H,9.32
实例5
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-二苄基氨基羰基氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(20)的制备
重复实例1第1-6步操作,但用叔丁基二苯基硅烷基作为羟基保护基。
第7步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-二苄基氨基羰基氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二苯基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(19)
将6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二苯基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(25毫克,37毫摩尔)、三乙胺(21微升,0.15毫摩尔)和无水CH2Cl2(200微升)的溶液滴加到碳酰氯(20%,于甲苯中,67微升,0.15毫摩尔)和CH2Cl2(600微升)的0℃的搅拌溶液中。5分钟后移去冷浴,将反应混合物搅拌20分钟。就地浓缩,然后在室温下依次加入CH2Cl2(400微升)和二苄基胺(8微升,41毫摩尔),产生一种多项混合物。15分钟后,反应混合物用乙醚稀释,用水和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,15-20%乙酸乙酯/己烷)后得油状化合物19。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.63-7.26(m,20H),5.12(m,1H),4.75(dd,J=10和5Hz,1H),4.60(m,1H),4.40(m,2H),4.33(m,1H),2.60(m,2H),2.20-1.10(m),1.17(s,3H),1.16(s,3H),1.07(s,9H),1.00(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.80(m,6H).
第8步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-二苄基氨基羰基氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(20)
将化合物19(72毫克,79毫摩尔)溶于氟化四丁铵(1M,在THF中,300微升,0.3毫摩尔)、HOAc(20毫升,0.3毫摩尔)和THF(300微升)的预混合溶液中,在50℃加热1.0小时。冷却后的反应混合物用乙醚稀释,用水和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,60%EtOAc/己烷)后得无色泡沫状化合物20。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.37-7.18(m,10H),5.11(m,1H),4.75(dd,J=10和5Hz,1H),4.59(m,1H),4.47(m,3H),4.34(m,1H),2.72(dd,J=18和5Hz,1H),2.61(dd,J=18和3Hz,1H),2.32(m,1H),2.00-1.10(m),1.16(s,3H),1.15(s,3H),1.00(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.84(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.83(d,J=7Hz,3H).
元素分析:C40H55O7N·0.5H2O
计算: C,71.61;H,8.41;N,2.09
测定: C,71.66;H,8.31;N,2.04
实例6
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-二苯基次膦酰氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(22)的制备
重复实施例1中的第1-6步,但用叔丁基二苯基硅烷基作为羟基保护基。
第7步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-二苯基次膦酰氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二苯基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(21)
于6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二苯基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(59毫克,87微摩尔)、N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶(DMAP)(43毫克,0.35毫摩尔)和CH2Cl2(0.44毫升)的室温下的搅拌溶液中加入二苯基次膦酰氯(33微升,0.17毫摩尔)。20分钟后,反应混合物用乙醚稀释,用H2O和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,45%EtOAc/己烷)得油状化合物21。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.85-7.25(m,20H),4.98(m,1H),4.64(m,1H),4.28(m,2H),2.55(m,1H),2.39(dd,J=18 and 4Hz,1H),2.05-1.10(m),1.14(s,3H),1.13(s,3H),1.12(d,J=7Hz,3H),1.03(s,9H),0.81(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.73(d,J=7Hz,3H).
第8步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-二苯基次膦酰氧基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,4,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-十氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-
4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(22)
于化合物21(64毫克,73微摩尔)、THF(0.3毫升)和HOAc(17微升,0.3毫摩尔)的搅拌溶液中加入氟化四丁铵(1M,在THF中,300微升,0.3毫摩尔),然后在50℃加热。3小时后,将冷却的反应混合物用乙醚稀释,用H2O和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,80%乙酸乙酯/己烷)后得无色油状化合物22。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.80(m,4H),7.46(m,6H),5.01(m,1H),4.54(m,1H),4.30(m,1H),4.27(m,1H),2.62(m,3H),2.10-1.10(m),1.14(s,3H),1.13(s,3H),1.12(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.82(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.73(d,J=7Hz,3H).
元素分析: C37H51O7P·0.5H2O
计算: C,68.60;H,8.09
测定: C,68.69;H,8.03
实例7
6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-八氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮;及其相应的开环二羟基酸和酯。
第1步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,6,7,8,8a(R)-六氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-
4(R)-叔丁基二苯基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(23)
于Simvastatin(20.0克,48毫摩尔)、咪唑(8.2克,0.12摩尔)和无水DMF(100毫升)的25℃的搅拌溶液中加入叔丁基二苯基硅烷基氯(13.0毫升,50毫摩尔)。在25℃搅拌18小时后,反应混合物用石油醚稀释,用水(两份)和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。得无色油状物(23)。
TLC Rf=0.75(硅胶,30%乙酸乙酯/己烷);
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.63(m,4H),7.42(m,6H),6.00(d,J=10Hz,1H),5.80(dd,J=10和6Hz,1H),5.54(m,1H),5.34(m,1H),4.71(m,1H),4.28(m,1H),2.63-2.23(m),2.08-1.20(m),1.15(s,3H),1.14(s,3H),1.14(d,J=7Hz,3H),1.09(s,9H),0.91(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.84(t,J=7Hz,3H).
第2步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-4a(R),5(S)-环氧-6(R)-甲基-1,2,6,7,8,8a(R)-六氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二苯基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(24)
于化合物(23)(47.0克,72毫摩尔)、NaHCO3(12.0克,0.14摩尔)和EtOAc(600毫升)的0℃的搅拌混合物中加入55%间氯过苯甲酸(27.0克,86毫摩尔)。在0℃保持1.0小时后,反应混合物用EtOAc稀释,依次用10%Na2SO3、H2O和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,10%乙酸乙酯/己烷 W/2%三乙胺)后得油状化合物(24)。
TLC Rf=0.51(硅胶,30%乙酸乙酯/己烷);
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.60(m,4H),7.40(m,6H),6.21(dd,J=10和6Hz,1H),5.12(d,J=10Hz,1H),5.11(m,1H),4.68(m,1H),4.24(m,1H),2.96(s,1H),2.60-2.28(m,5H),2.01(dd,J=12和4Hz,1H),1.90-1.20(m),1.16(d,J=7Hz,3H),1.12(s,3H),1.10(s,3H),1.04(s,9H),0.96(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.80(t,J=7Hz,3H).
第3步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5-氧代-6(R)-甲基-1,2,4a(R),6,7,8,8a(R)-七氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二苯基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(25)
用5分钟将三氟化硼乙醚合物(3.0毫升,24.4毫摩尔)滴加到化合物(24)(20.0克,30.0毫摩尔)、甲苯(150毫升)和乙醚(150毫升)的-15℃的搅拌溶液中进行反应。搅拌20分钟后,反应混合物用乙醚稀释,用饱和NaHCO3、H2O和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,12%乙酸乙酯/己烷)后得油状化合物(25)粗品。
TLC Rf=0.42(硅胶,30%乙酸乙酯/己烷);
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.62(m,4H)7.40(m,6H),5.98(d,J=10Hz,1H),5.84(m,1H),5.31(m,1H),4.72(m,1H),4.18(m,1H),3.48(bd,J=10Hz,1H),2.63-2.23(m,3H),1.95-1.10(m),1.25(d,J=7Hz,3H),1.19(s,3H),1.18(s,3H),1.10(s,9H),0.88(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.85(d,J=7Hz,3H).
第4步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-八氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二苯基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(26)
于化合物(25)(6.4克,9.5毫摩尔)、THF(90毫升)和水(5毫升)的0℃的搅拌溶液中一次加入0.36克(0.95毫摩尔)NaBH4。在0℃保持20分钟后,反应混合物用乙醚稀释,用H2O(两份)和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,20%乙酸乙酯/己烷)后得无色油状化合物(26)。
TLC Rf=0.30(硅胶,35%乙酸乙酯/己烷);
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.62(m,4H),7.45(m,6H),5.96(d,J=10Hz,1H),5.80(m,1H),5.08(m,1H),4.72(m,1H),4.28(m,1H),3.47(m,1H),2.62-2.10(m,5H),1.85-1.20(m),1.16(s,3H),1.15(s,3H),1.10(d,J=7Hz,3H),1.07(s,9H),0.85(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.85(t,J=7Hz,3H).
第5步:制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5(R)-羟基-6(R)-甲基-1,2,4a(R),5,6,7,8,8a(R)-八氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-羟基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(Ⅰ-27)
将氟化四丁铵(1M,在THF中,16毫升,16.0毫摩尔)和HOAc(0.92毫升,16.0毫摩尔)的预混合溶液一次加入化合物(26)(3.6克,5.3毫摩尔)在THF(32毫升)中的搅拌溶液中,然后在50℃加热3.0小时。冷却的反应混合物用用乙醚稀释,用水(两份)和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,70%乙酸乙酯/己烷)后得固体化合物(Ⅰ-27)。用乙酸乙酯/己烷重结晶,得无色针状的化合物(Ⅰ-27),mp=130-132℃。
TLC Rf=0.39(硅胶,乙酸乙酯);
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ5.95(d,J=12Hz,1H),5.79(m,1H),5.11(m,1H),4.60(m,1H),4.38(m,1H),3.49(dt,J=11和6Hz,1H),2.74(dd,J=17和5Hz,1H),2.61(m,1H),2.48(m,1H),2.30(m,1H),2.18(m,1H),2.05-1.20(m),1.17(s,3H),1.16(s,3H),1.09(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.86(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.85(d,J=7Hz,3H).
实例8
制备6(R)-〔2-〔8(S)-(2,2-二甲基丁酰氧基)-2(S)-甲基-5氧代-6(R)-甲基-1,2,3,6,7,8,8a(R)-七氢萘基-1(S)〕乙基〕-4(R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-酮(11)
将实例1第4步的溴代酮4(50毫克,79微摩尔)、1,2-二氯乙烷(1.0毫升)和2,6-二甲基吡啶(17微升,150毫摩尔)的混合物在25℃用AgNO3(25毫克,150毫摩尔)处理。2.0小时后,该多相混合物用乙醚稀释,用水和盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。闪式层析(硅胶,15%EtOAc/己烷)后得油状化合物(11)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ6.77(m,1H),5.40(m,1H),4.62(m,1H),4.31(m,1H)2.75-1.10(m),1.15(d,J=7Hz,3H),1.13(s,3H),0.91(s,9H),0.81(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.79(d,J=7Hz,3H),0.10(s,6H).
实例9-40
采用实例1-8的一般方法,由适当取代的起始原料,制得下述式(Ⅰ)化合物。
化合物 R4R5R6a
28 CH3H O2COCH3-
29 CH3O2COCH3H -
30 CH3H O2CCH3-
31 CH3O2CCH3H -
32 H OH H -
33 H H OH -
34 CH2OH OH H -
35 CH2OH H OH -
36 CH2Ph OH H -
37 CH2Ph H OH -
38 CH2O2CPh H OH -
39 CH2O2CPh OH H -
40 CH2OH O O -
41 CH2Ph O O -
42 H O O -
43 CH2OH OCH2Ph H -
44 CH2OH H OCH2Ph -
45 CH3OCH2CH3H -
46 CH3H OCH2CH3-
47 (CH2)2OH H -
48 (CH2)2H OH -
49 CH3(CH2)2-
50 CH2OH OH H db
51 CH2OH H OH db
化合物 R4R5R6a
52 H OH H db
53 H H OH db
54 CH2Ph OH H db
55 CH2Ph H OH db
56 CH3OCH2CH3H db
57 CH3H OCH2CH3db
58 CH3H O2COCH3db
-=单键
db=双键
R5=R6=O指C=O
实例41
式(Ⅱ)化合物的铵盐的制备
在室温下将实例1第7步的内酯(1.0毫摩尔)搅拌溶于0.1N NaOH(1.1毫摩尔)中。将所得溶液冷却并通过滴加1N HCl酸化。所得混合物用乙醚提取,提取液用盐水洗涤并干燥(MgSO4)。滤除MgSO4,滤液用氨气饱和得到铵盐。
实例42
式(Ⅱ)化合物的碱金属盐和碱土金属盐的制备
于实例1第7步得到的44毫克内酯在2毫升乙醇中的溶液中加入1毫升0.1N NaOH水溶液。在室温保持1小时后,将混合物真空处理至干,得到所需钠盐。
用类似方法,用1当量氢氧化钾制得钾盐,用1当量CaO制得钙盐。
实例43
式(Ⅱ)化合物的乙二胺盐的制备
于0.50克实例41铵盐在10毫升甲醇中的溶液中加入0.04毫升乙二胺。真空下蒸去甲醇得到所需的乙二胺盐。
实例44
式(Ⅱ)化合物的三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷盐的制备
于202毫克实例41的铵盐在5毫升甲醇中的溶液中加入50毫克三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷在5毫升甲醇中的溶液。真空除去溶剂,得到所需的三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷盐。
实例45
式(Ⅱ)化合物的L-赖氨酸盐的制备
将0.001摩尔赖氨酸的溶液和0.0011摩尔实例41的铵盐在15毫升85%乙醇中的溶液真空浓缩至干,得到所需的赖氨酸盐。
按类似方法制得L-精氨酸盐、L-鸟氨酸盐和N-甲基葡糖胺盐。
实例46
式(Ⅱ)化合物的四甲铵盐的制备
将在2毫升二氯甲烷中的68毫克实例41的铵盐和在甲醇中的0.08毫升24%氢氧化四甲铵的混合物用乙醚稀释,得到所需的四甲基铵盐。
实例47
式(Ⅱ)化合物的甲基酯的制备
于400毫克实例1第7步的内酯在100毫升无水甲醇中的溶液中加入10毫升0.1M甲醇钠的无水甲醇溶液。该溶液在室温放置1小时,然后用水稀释,用乙酸乙酯提取两次。分出有机相,干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空蒸发,得到所需的甲基酯。
用类似方法,使相当量的得自丙醇、丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、戊醇、异戊醇、2-二甲氨基乙醇、苄醇、苯乙醇、2-乙酰氨基乙醇等的醇盐,使用相应的醇、苯乙醇、2-乙酰氨基乙醇等,使用相应的醇作为溶剂,得到相应的酯。
实例48
游离二羟基酸的制备
将实例42的式(Ⅱ)化合物钠盐溶于2毫升乙醇-水(1∶1;Ⅴ∶Ⅴ)中,并将其加到10毫升1N盐酸中,用乙酸乙酯从中提取出二羟基酸。将有机提取物用水洗一次,干燥(Na2SO4)并真空蒸发(浴温不超过30℃)。所得到的二羟基酸衍生物在室温放置时慢慢转变成相应的母体内酯,通过将PH值增加到7.0以上可以维持在二羟基酸形式。
实例49
作为本发明组合物的一个具体实例,将20毫克实例1第7步的内酯与足够细的乳糖一起加工成总量为580至590毫克的制剂,装入0号硬明胶胶囊中。
Claims (8)
1、制备化合物(1-6)的方法:
式中R1选自:
(1)C1-10烷基;
(2)取代的C1-10烷基,其中的一个或多个取代基选自
(a)卤素,
(b)羟基,
(c)C1-10烷氧基,
(d)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(e)C1-5酰氧基,
(f)C3-8环烷基,
(g)苯基,
(h)取代的苯基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(i)C1-10烷基S(O)n,其中n是0~2,
(j)C3-8环烷基S(O)n,
(k)苯基S(O)n,
(l)取代的苯基S(O)n,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(m)氧;
(3)C1-10烷氧基;
(4)C2-10烯基;
(5)C3-8环烷基;
(6)取代的C3-8环烷基,其中一个取代基选自:
(a)C1-10烷基,
(b)取代的C1-10烷基,其中的取代基选自
(I)卤素,
(Ⅱ)羟基,
(Ⅲ)C1-10烷氧基,
(Ⅳ)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(Ⅴ)C1-5酰氧基,
(Ⅵ)苯基,
(Ⅶ)取代的苯基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(Ⅷ)C1-10烷基S(O)n,
(Ⅸ)C3-8环烷基S(O)n,
(X)苯基S(O)n,
(Ⅺ)取代的苯基S(O)n,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(Ⅻ)氧,
(c)C1-10烷基S(O)n,
(d)C3-8环烷基S(O)n,
(e)苯基S(O)n,
(f)取代的苯基S(O)n,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(g)卤素,
(h)羟基,
(i)C1-10烷氧基,
(j)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(k)C1-5酰氧基,
(l)苯基,及
(m)取代的苯基,其中的取代基是X和Y;
(7)苯基;
(8)取代的苯基,其中取代基是X和Y;
(9)氨基;
(10)C1-5烷基氨基;
(11)二(C1-5烷基)氨基;
(12)苯基氨基;
(13)取代的苯基氨基,其中取代基是X和Y;
(14)苯基C1-10烷基氨基;
(15)取代的苯基C1-10烷基氨基,其中的取代基是X和Y;
(16)下述基团之一:
(a)哌啶基,
(b)吡咯烷基,
(c)哌嗪基,
(d)吗啉基,和
(e)硫代吗啉基;以及
(17)R10S,其中R10选自
(a)C1-10烷基,
(b)苯基,和
(c)取代的苯基,其中取代基是X和Y;
R4′是:
(1)氢;
(2)C1-10烷基;和
(3)取代的C1-10烷基,其中的一个或多个取代基选自
(a)卤素,
(b)OT,
(c)C1-10烷氧基,
(d)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(e)C1-5烷基酰氧基,
(f)苯基酰氧基,
(g)苯氧羰基,
(h)苯氧C1-5烷基酰氧基,
(i)苯基C1-5烷氧基,
(j)氨基,
(k)C1-5烷基氨基,
(l)二(C1-5烷基)氨基,
(m)苯基氨基,
(n)取代的苯基氨基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(o)苯基C1-5烷基氨基;
(p)取代的苯基C1-5烷基氨基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(q)C3-8环烷基,
(r)苯基,
(s)取代的苯基,其中取代基是X和Y,
(t)苯基S(O)n,
(u)取代的苯基S(O)n,其中取代基是X和Y,
(v)苯基C1-5烷基S(O)n,
(w)C1-5烷基S(O)n,
(X)苯基氨基酰氧基,
(y)C1-5烷基氨基酰氧基,
(z)C1-5烷基酰氨基,
(aa)二(苯基C1-5烷基)膦酰基,
(bb)二(C1-5烷基)次膦酰基,
(4)R4′和与其相连的碳原子一起表示C3-8碳环;
X和Y独立地选自:
(a)OH,
(b)卤素,
(c)三氟甲基,
(d)C1-3烷氧基,
(e)C1-3烷基羰基氧基,
(f)苯基羰基氧基,
(g)C1-3烷氧羰基,
(h)苯氧羰基,
(i)氢,
(j)C1-5烷基;
T是H,叔丁基二甲基硅烷基,叔丁基二苯基硅烷基,三甲基硅烷基,三乙基硅烷基,三异丙基硅烷基或四氢吡喃基;
卤素是Cl或F;
a是单键或双键;
该方法包括用硼氢化钠处理式(1-5)化合物以生成化合物(1-6);并且任选地,当T不是H时,用氟化四丁铵和乙酸处理,以除去羟基保护基,形成下面的化合物(1-6):
式中R4是其中T是H的R1 4。
2、根据权利要求1的方法,其中
R1 4是(1)氢;
(2)C1-10烷基;
(3)取代的C1-10烷基,其中的一个或更多个取代基选自:
(a)卤素,
(b)OT,
(c)氨基;
(4)CH2R12,其中R12选自:
(a)C1-5烷氧基,
(b)C1-5烷氧羰基,
(c)C1-5烷基酰氧基,
(d)苯基酰氧基,
(e)苯氧羰基,
(f)苯基C1-5烷基,
(g)苯基C1-5烷氧基,
(h)C1-5烷基氨基,
(i)二(C1-5烷基)氨基,
(j)苯基氨基,
(k)取代的苯基氨基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(l)苯基C1-5烷基氨基,
(m)取代的苯基C1-5烷基氨基,其中的取代是X和Y,
(n)C3-8环烷基,
(o)苯基,
(p)取代的苯基,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(q)苯基S(O)n,
(r)取代的苯基S(O)n,其中的取代基是X和Y,
(s)苯基C1-5烷基S(O)n,
(t)C1-5烷基S(O)n,
(u)苯基氨基酰氧基,
(v)C1-5烷基氨基酰氧基,
(w)C1-5烷基酰氨基,
(x)二(苯基C1-5烷基)膦酰基,
(y)二(C1-5烷基)次膦酰基;
(5)R1 4和与它相连的碳原子一起表示一个环丙烷环;
X和Y独立地选自:
(a)OH,
(b)F,
(c)三氟甲基,
(d)C1-3烷氧基,
(e)氢,
(f)C1-5烷基。
3、根据权利要求2的方法,其中
R1是C1-10烷基;
R1 4是CH3,H,CH2苯基,或CH2OT。
4、根据权利要求3的方法,其中:
R1是2-丁基或2-甲基-2-丁基;
R1 4是CH3。
8、根据权利要求1的方法,其中还包括先用碳酰氯处理化合物(1-6),再用二苄基胺处理,生成化合物(1-10)
并且任选地当T不是H时,用氟化四丁铵和乙酸处理,以除去羟基保护基,生成化合物(Ⅰ-10)
式中R4是其中T是H的R1 4。
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JPS56150037A (en) * | 1980-04-22 | 1981-11-20 | Sankyo Co Ltd | Hydronaphthalene compound |
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JPS5855443A (ja) * | 1981-09-25 | 1983-04-01 | Sankyo Co Ltd | オクタヒドロナフタリン誘導体およびその製造法 |
JPS5889191A (ja) * | 1981-11-20 | 1983-05-27 | Sankyo Co Ltd | 3−ヒドロキシ−ml−236b誘導体の製造法 |
JPS59186972A (ja) * | 1983-03-09 | 1984-10-23 | Suntory Ltd | オクタヒドロナフタレン誘導体並びにその製造法 |
-
1989
- 1989-03-13 US US07/322,398 patent/US4963538A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-06-28 CN CN89104346A patent/CN1039023A/zh active Pending
Cited By (1)
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CN1070487C (zh) * | 1993-01-29 | 2001-09-05 | 三共株式会社 | 六氢萘酯衍生物,其制备方法及其药物组合物 |
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