CN115003600A - 包装机和用于将物品放置在预成型纸箱上的方法 - Google Patents

包装机和用于将物品放置在预成型纸箱上的方法 Download PDF

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CN115003600A
CN115003600A CN202180009264.1A CN202180009264A CN115003600A CN 115003600 A CN115003600 A CN 115003600A CN 202180009264 A CN202180009264 A CN 202180009264A CN 115003600 A CN115003600 A CN 115003600A
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CN115003600B (zh
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洛伦佐·庞蒂
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B5/00Packaging individual articles in containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, jars
    • B65B5/02Machines characterised by incorporation of means for making the containers or receptacles
    • B65B5/024Machines characterised by incorporation of means for making the containers or receptacles for making containers from preformed blanks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B35/00Supplying, feeding, arranging or orientating articles to be packaged
    • B65B35/56Orientating, i.e. changing the attitude of, articles, e.g. of non-uniform cross-section
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/08Forming three-dimensional containers from sheet material
    • B65B43/10Forming three-dimensional containers from sheet material by folding the material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/42Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
    • B65B43/54Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B65/00Details peculiar to packaging machines and not otherwise provided for; Arrangements of such details
    • B65B65/003Packaging lines, e.g. general layout
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G47/00Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
    • B65G47/34Devices for discharging articles or materials from conveyor 
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B2210/00Specific aspects of the packaging machine
    • B65B2210/04Customised on demand packaging by determining a specific characteristic, e.g. shape or height, of articles or material to be packaged and selecting, creating or adapting a packaging accordingly, e.g. making a carton starting from web material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices
    • B65B57/10Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of articles or materials to be packaged
    • B65B57/14Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of articles or materials to be packaged and operating to control, or stop, the feed of articles or material to be packaged
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G15/00Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration
    • B65G15/02Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration for conveying in a circular arc
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G17/00Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
    • B65G17/06Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface having a load-carrying surface formed by a series of interconnected, e.g. longitudinal, links, plates, or platforms
    • B65G17/08Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface having a load-carrying surface formed by a series of interconnected, e.g. longitudinal, links, plates, or platforms the surface being formed by the traction element
    • B65G17/086Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface having a load-carrying surface formed by a series of interconnected, e.g. longitudinal, links, plates, or platforms the surface being formed by the traction element specially adapted to follow a curved path

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Abstract

一种用于包装物品(15、15')的机器,该机器具有被设计成在进给方向上进给预成型纸箱(14)的传送机,所述机器包括用于将待包装的物品放置在所述纸箱上的装置(11)以及移动物品保持装置(18、19),该移动物品保持装置在放置过程中保持该物品,从而将该物品的速度限制为该纸箱的速度,所述机器的特征在于,所述放置装置包括传送带(11)和对准站(34),该传送带用于与至少一个弯曲区段(12)一起放置,该至少一个弯曲区段被设计成沿着曲线路线传送该物品,该对准站被设计成将物品放置在所述放置传送带上的位置中,以确保将该物品从该放置传送带放置到纸箱上的适当位置中,所述对准装置包括横向于该物品进给方向移动的移动底架(35)和在该底架顶部上的传送带(37),该传送带被设计成当在该移动底架上时沿该物品进给方向进给该物品。

Description

包装机和用于将物品放置在预成型纸箱上的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种包装机和一种用于将待包装物品定位在用于将物品包装在纸箱中的机器中的方法。
背景技术
适合于包装和有效保护物品的各种类型的纸箱是公知的。在以本申请人名义提交的申请EP 3 093 246 A1中描述了从这些观点来看特别有利的实例。所述纸箱可以通过包装机器来测量单个物品,该包装机器配备有用于测量待包装物品、切割和压痕纸箱的装置,特别是从连续的纸板幅(卷轴或扇形折叠的,或以任何其它公知的方式生产的)开始,用于形成模具的装置、用于一旦适当地折叠和胶合就将物品定位在纸箱上,并且用于随后围绕物品封闭所述纸箱。切割和压痕是根据物品的测量执行的,该测量是使用适当的装置进行的,并且物品被放置在切割和折叠的纸箱上,该纸箱随后通过进一步的折叠和胶合操作围绕物品闭合。人的参与仅限于将单个物品装载到机器的传送带上。
在以本申请人名义提交的申请EP 3 463 844 A1、EP 3 464 085 A1和EP 3 464086 A1以及专利EP 3 464 074 B1和EP 3 464 073 Bl中描述了这种类型的机器,其涉及适合于此的各种解决方案。
在一些现有的机器中,诸如上述文献所提到的机器中,用于将物品定位在纸箱上所采用的解决方案包括横向于纸箱进给方向布置的传送带。需要将待包装的物品定位在纸箱上的精确位置使得必须使用移动底架,交叉带将物品传送到该移动底架上。该移动底架配备有传送带,该传送带也可在相对于纸箱进给方向的横向方向上移动。底架上的传送带将物品带到纸箱上方的位置,包括通过由机器定位的保持元件将物品带到纸箱上方的位置,使得物品相对于纸箱在其周围具有边缘。将移动底架的一端首先放置在保持元件处,在保持元件处它接收来自横向传送带的物品,并且用它自己的传送带将物品推靠在保持元件上。然后,移动底架横向于纸箱的方向(例如在横向传送带的下方)缩回,仍然用其自己的传送带将物品推靠在保持元件上,并且将物品放置在第三传送带上,该第三传送带平行于纸箱传送物品,纸箱在机器中第三传送带下方行进。所描述的系统允许精确的放置,因为物品是相对于该纸箱形成和包装机横向地插入的,在该纸箱形成和包装机中,纸箱遵循从该纸板幅的切割到其围绕物品闭合的笔直路线。
然而,移动底架的存在,特别是在包装机处,在构造上是复杂的并且减慢了物品到纸箱的进给,降低了机器的生产率。因此,希望具有用于定位物品并且将其放置在纸箱上的系统,该系统不会停止物品的进给。
发明内容
根据本发明,这些目的已经通过一种用于包装物品的机器来实现,该机器被设计成在进给方向上进给预成型纸箱,所述机器包括用于将待包装的物品放置在所述纸箱上的装置以及移动物品保持装置,该移动物品保持装置在放置过程中保持物品,从而将物品的速度限制为纸箱的速度,所述机器的特征在于,所述放置装置包括传送带和对准站,该传送带用于与至少一个弯曲区段一起放置,该至少一个弯曲区段沿着曲线路线传送物品,该对准站被设计成将物品放置在所述放置传送带上的位置中,以确保将物品从放置传送带放置到纸箱上的适当位置中,所述对准装置包括横向于物品进给方向移动的移动底架和在底架顶部上的传送带,该传送带被设计成当在移动底架上时沿物品进给方向进给物品。
术语“预成型纸箱”预成型纸箱是指适当切割的纸箱,其配备有适当的压痕以形成包装,并且其在适当的地方可能已经被胶合,如在上述文献中描述的纸箱的情况下。特别地,这意味着在其成形的每个阶段的纸箱,并且因此所述纸箱可以到达物品已经适当地折叠放置的地方的点。
附图说明
现在将通过说明优选实施例来更好地描述本发明,这些优选实施例是以实例的方式提供的,而不限制本专利的保护范围,并且具体参考附图,其中:
图1示意性地示出了根据本发明的机器整体的透视图;
图2和图3示意性地示出了图1中的机器的细节的透视图。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的机器示出于图1中。
在该机器中,纸板幅1通过公知的装置进给,如卷轴或扇形折叠的或以其它合适的方式制成的装置,例如如申请EP 3 529 050或IT 102018000009606中所描述的。第一切割站2将矩形部分从幅材分离,用于在进一步的成形步骤之后形成纸箱。纸箱在合适的传送机上前进并且到达设计成形成纵向和横向于纸箱进给方向的合适压痕的压痕站3。第二切割站4被设计成执行一系列切割。根据本发明的优选方面,所述切割站可以例如根据EP 3 464073 A1的教学制成。
根据另一方面,可以通过使切割单元的数量加倍来改进该解决方案。以此方式,在根据本文献生产的纸箱的横向压痕上的横向切口可以在单个步骤中而不是在两个步骤中制成,消除了在纸箱的成形过程中减慢或停止纸箱的需要。显然,应当可以以适当的方式同时间隔开各个切割单元,使得它们同时定位在压痕上。
接着是胶合站,其中胶被施加在合适的位置,以及折叠站。在例示的情况下,纸箱到达位置7,在该位置放置待包装的物品,其中加强折板胶合到中心部分上并且侧向封闭折板打开,以允许放置物品。折叠站可以类似于在上述申请中的一个中描述的折叠站,或者它可以被制成使得它闭合所有加强和封闭折板,并且然后用合适的重新打开装置重新打开侧向封闭折板。这使得可以形成更简单的折叠站,其不需要使纸箱在传送机上停止。
在将物品放置在纸箱上之后,纸箱和物品到达另一折叠和胶合站8和最终的封闭站9。后者可以如EP 3 464 074 B1中那样制成。根据又一方面,封闭站可以在配备有传送带的移动底架上生产。这样,移动底架允许封闭站处理物品和纸箱,其中它们相对于站静止,而不停止物品和纸箱在机器的传送机上的运动。
例如为了贴标签,可以跟随另一处理站10。
根据本发明,物品在预成型纸箱上的放置发生在点7处。该物品由放置传送带传送,使得该物品在该预成型纸箱上行进的传送带上。参考图2,放置传送带11包括弯曲区段12。它还可以包括最终的笔直区段13,在该笔直区段的末端是用于将物品放置在纸箱上的点7。
应当注意,纸箱14进给方向和物品15进给方向在点7处相同。笔直区段可以具有稍微向下的倾斜,使得厚度(特别地,传送带16张力辊的直径)在点7附近最小,并且物品的倾斜是最佳的,以确保一旦物品离开传送带,物品或更好的是其边缘17中的一个停留在纸箱上。安装在移动结构19上的保持元件18能够在物品离开传送带的位置7处保持物品,使得其边缘17与纸箱的一旦包装就必须保留的区域对准,例如与压痕21相对应,一旦封闭,该压痕将构成将纸箱的侧部20和底部22分开的折叠。当纸箱行进时,保持元件18以与纸箱相同的速度伴随物品,这归因于移动结构19,该移动结构可以在所述进给方向上行进足够的距离,直到它已经完全离开传送带并且完全停留在纸箱上。适当的提升装置23被设计成提升保持元件18,当纸箱和物品朝向另外的处理站移动时将其移除。然后,可移动结构19可以在相反方向上行进,将保持元件18带回到点7,在该点处,所述保持元件可以由提升装置降低以拦截随后的物品15'并且重复该循环。移动结构可以以公知的方式移动,例如利用机动化的底架和液压或气压系统。这同样适用于提升保持元件的装置。
图1示出了装载站,其中一个或多个操作者可以将待包装的物品装载到机器上。根据优选方面,提供了一种双倍装载站,假定高生产率的机器适合于每单位时间处理大量的物品,其结果是可能需要两个操作者并行装载。装载的物品由装载传送带6、6'运送。装载到第二装载传送带6'上的物品随后可以用特殊装置5移动到第一装载传送带6上,使物品与由操作者中的一个直接装载在那里的物品交替。
装置5可以是公知的类型。例如,使用检测物品的存在并且移动链条系统的传感器,由链条或带系统驱动的一对推动元件可以将物品侧向推动到装载传送带31上。
物品被装载(适当地对准)到其上的装载传送带6将物品运送到测量每个物品的尺寸(通常为三维尺寸)的测量站31(也是公知类型的)。该数据用于形成单独的纸箱,该纸箱将基于从由卷轴或扇形折叠的幅材进给的材料开始的物品的测量而制成。此外,该数据在对准台34中用于在放置传送带之前对准物品。
参考图3,对准台34被设计成使用每个物品的测量,使物体相对于弯曲传送带适当地对准,例如,恰好在中心。
如已经提到的,该站可以包括移动底架35。底架可以横向于物品进给方向行进。底架37上的传送带允许物品在装载传送带6与放置传送带11之间的区段中继续沿进给方向行进。底架的横向移动将物品从其在装载传送带上占据的位置(其可以是例如抵靠沿着装载传送带的侧向边缘定位的侧向止动件的侧向位置,在该位置处物品由操作者放置或由如上看到的推动元件推动)横向地移动到放置带上的位置,例如在其中心,考虑到纸板优选地被切割(同样减小其宽度)并且相对于传送机对称地压痕,并且因此到达放置点7,该放置点也相对于放置带居中地定位。
放置带包括弯曲区段12。弯曲传送带是公知的类型。根据本发明,该特征允许物品在与纸箱相同的进给方向上被放置在纸箱上,而不需要停止后者,尽管装载传送带被定向在不同的方向上(具体地,横向或侧向于纸箱传送带),并且还存在不直接在纸箱的路线上方的对准站,由此在构造上简化机器。此外,避免了具有以直角方向变化的点(其需要复杂的对准系统,诸如现有技术的对准系统)。
放置传送带包括至少一个弯曲区段。根据本发明的又一方面,所述带包括至少两个具有相对曲率的弯曲区段12和38,形成带的S形部分。以此方式,可以存在装载传送带,如在图中所例示的情况下,平行于该纸箱传送机,因此减小了该机器的总尺寸。
本发明还涉及一种用于将物品放置在预成型纸箱上的方法,特别是在如所描述的机器中执行的方法。

Claims (5)

1.用于包装物品(15、15')的机器,所述机器具有被设计成在进给方向上传送未组装的纸箱(14)的传送机,所述机器包括用于将待包装的物品放置在所述纸箱上的装置(11)、用于保持所述物品的可移动装置(18、19),所述可移动装置被设计成在放置过程中保持所述物品并且将其速度限制为所述纸箱的速度,其特征在于,所述放置装置包括具有至少一个弯曲区段(12)的放置传送带(11)和对准站(34),所述放置传送带被设计成向所述物品提供弯曲路线,所述对准站被设计成使得能够将所述物品放置在所述放置传送带上的这样一个位置中,然后从所述放置传送带上将所述物品放置在所述纸箱的顶部上的适当位置中,所述对准装置包括能够沿横向于所述物品进给方向移动的底架(35)和所述底架的传送带(37),所述传送带被设计成在所述底架的顶部上传送所述物品,所述底架能够沿所述物品进给方向移动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机器,其中所述放置传送带包括至少两个具有相对曲率的弯曲区段(12、36)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的机器,包括平行于所述纸箱进给方向布置的一个或多个装载传送带(6、6')。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的机器,其中所述放置传送带包括笔直末端区段(13)。
5.一种用于将物品放置在未组装的纸箱的顶部上的方法,包括将所述物品装载到根据前述权利要求中的一个所述的机器上。
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