CN114916476A - High-quality crucian carp breeding method - Google Patents
High-quality crucian carp breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-quality crucian breeding method, which belongs to the technical field of fishery production and comprises the following specific steps: the method comprises the following steps: parent fish breeding: the method comprises the steps of selecting 1-3-year individuals with the weight of more than 1 jin, strong physique, good body form, no diseases, no injuries and no deformities as parent fishes, putting the parent fishes into a temporary culture pond for independent culture, using a continuous water culture mode in the temporary culture pond, and feeding baits to meet the nutritional requirements of gonad development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of civil engineering, in particular to a method for breeding high-quality crucian carps.
Background
Crucian carp is widely distributed in rivers, lakes, reservoirs and ponds all over the country, is an important economic fish in China, is one of the most main aquatic products in China, is deeply favored by consumers due to the advantages of delicious meat, strong disease resistance and easy breeding, has the habit of preferring to plant to produce sticky eggs, and can naturally lay eggs and breed in natural water bodies rich in water and grass in spring breeding seasons every year.
Through retrieval, Chinese patent No. CN201811231675.1 discloses an out-of-season crucian breeding method, although the out-of-season crucian breeding can be realized, the nutrient components of the bait used during parent fish breeding are single, the nutrition of the parent fish is easy to unbalance, the quality of roes and sperms is reduced, the quality of subsequent fish flowers is influenced, and the general breeding method has no definite requirements on water temperature and input amount, so that the survival rate of the fish flowers is low, the cost consumption is increased, and the problem of method defects is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a high-quality crucian breeding method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-quality crucian carp breeding method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: parent fish breeding: selecting 1-3-year-old individuals with weight of more than 1 jin, strong physique, good physique, no disease, no injury and no deformity as parent fishes, putting the parent fishes into a temporary culture pond for independent culture, using a culture mode of long running water in the temporary culture pond, and simultaneously feeding baits to meet the nutritional requirements of gonadal development;
step two: artificial hastening parturition: disinfecting an induced spawning pond by using 1mg/L oxalic acid solution, selecting parent fish with mature gonads after disinfection, injecting oxytocin, putting the parent fish into the induced spawning pond, stimulating the parent fish by using running water with water exchange quantity of 5 times/hour at the water temperature of 20-25 ℃, accelerating maturation of fish eggs, and carrying out artificial fertilization after observing maturation of the fish eggs;
step three: artificial fertilization: squeezing mature roe into a clean and moisture-free basin, squeezing sperm of the male fish into the basin, simultaneously adding a small amount of physiological saline, and stirring uniformly to make the roe fully fertilized to form fertilized roe;
step four: hatching fertilized eggs: disinfecting an egg bed and an incubation pool by using 1mg/L oxalic acid solution, after the disinfection is finished and the eggs are aired for 3 days, putting the egg bed in the incubation pool in an orderly manner, uniformly spreading fertilized eggs on the egg bed, carrying out artificial incubation, keeping 10-15 mg of dissolved oxygen in the incubation pool, preventing water and mildew by using mitamine after 12 hours, and spraying a proper amount of saline solution to the surface of the egg bed every 3-5 days until the fertilized eggs are incubated to form fish flowers;
step five: and (3) seedling cultivation: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and disinfecting the seedling culture pond in the first 3 days of the second step, soaking 20 jin of tea bran in each mu for 24 hours, sprinkling, maintaining the water inlet depth at 0.8-1 m, and finally preventing the frog and the snake from entering the seedling culture pond through a net with the height of 1m around the seedling culture pond;
s2, adjusting the water quality 7 days after the seedling culture pond is prepared, so that the water quality meets the fishery water quality standard, and transferring the smooth algae flowers suitable for fish flower opening into the seedling culture pond for culture after the adjustment is completed;
s3, putting the fish flowers into the seedling culture pond in the morning and evening of each day and at an air inlet, and soaking the oxygen bag in the pond for 15-30 min to ensure that the water temperature difference does not exceed 2 ℃;
step six: daily management: the method comprises the steps of feeding opening materials on the second day of fry feeding, wherein the feeding follows the principle that three sides and two feet are full of ponds, namely, the ponds are full of the morning and the afternoon, four sides are also sprayed, the opening materials are sprayed along the sides for 1 time at noon, the opening materials need to be sprayed to be fine and even as rain, whether the pond is patrolled in the morning and evening or not is checked, timely treatment is found, the feeding area is controlled within one side of the pond after one week of fry feeding, the fry can be sold after being fed for about 40 days, and the fry can be killed and disinfected before being sold when the fry reaches about 1200/jin.
Further, the bait in the first step is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of pumpkin, 60-75 parts of peanut meal, 11-13 parts of oyster meat, 4-7 parts of mulberry leaves, 3-5 parts of allicin, 23-27 parts of soybean lecithin and 2.4-4.6 parts of compound vitamin.
Further, the compound vitamin is formed by mixing one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin E and riboflavin.
Further, the oxytocin in the second step is formed by mixing chorionic gonadotropin, diosone and normal saline.
Further, the dosage of the chorionic gonadotropin is 600 titer international units per kilogram of crucian, and the dosage of the diosdone is 4 mug per kilogram of crucian.
Further, the ratio of the mature roe to the sperm of the male fishes in the third step is 1: 15; in the fourth step, the egg bed is made of brushes or meshes; and in the step five S3, the density of the fish fries put in the fish fries is 40 ten thousand tails/mu below the water temperature of 25 ℃, and the density of the fish fries put in the fish fries is 20 ten thousand tails/mu above the water temperature of 25 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the bait is improved, so that the nutrition of the bait can meet the requirements of the parent fish in an all-around manner, and the nutrition imbalance of the parent fish is avoided, thereby improving the quality of roes and sperms of the parent fish, further optimizing the quality of fish fries, and simultaneously, the fertilization rate is higher and the yield of the fish fries is higher.
2. According to the method, the relationship between the water temperature and the feeding amount is determined, so that the fish flower is more easily adapted to the environment of a seedling culture pond, the survival rate of the fish flower is improved, and the cost consumption is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a high-quality crucian breeding method provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-quality crucian carp breeding method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: parent fish cultivation: selecting an individual with the weight of more than 1 jin at 1 age, strong physique, good physique, no disease, no injury and no deformity as a parent fish, putting the parent fish into a temporary culture pond for independent culture, using a culture mode of long running water in the temporary culture pond, and simultaneously feeding baits to meet the nutritional requirement of gonad development, wherein the baits comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of pumpkin, 60 parts of peanut meal, 11 parts of oyster meat, 4 parts of mulberry leaves, 3 parts of allicin, 23 parts of soybean lecithin and 2.4 parts of compound vitamin, wherein the compound vitamin is formed by mixing one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin E and riboflavin;
step two: artificial hastening parturition: disinfecting an oxytocic pool by using 1mg/L oxalic acid solution, selecting parent fish with mature gonads after disinfection, injecting oxytocic hormone, putting the parent fish into the oxytocic pool, stimulating the parent fish with flowing water with water exchange amount of 5 times/hour at the water temperature of 20 ℃, accelerating the maturation of fish eggs, observing the maturation of the fish eggs, and then carrying out artificial fertilization, wherein the oxytocic hormone is formed by mixing chorionic gonadotropin, diospyrone and normal saline, the titer of each kilogram of crucian carps is 600 international units, and the titer of each kilogram of diospyrone is 4 micrograms per kilogram of crucian carps;
step three: artificial fertilization: squeezing mature roe into a clean and moisture-free basin, squeezing sperm of the male fish into the basin, simultaneously adding a small amount of physiological saline, and uniformly stirring to fully fertilize the roe to form fertilized roe, wherein the ratio of the mature roe to the sperm of the male fish is 1: 15;
step four: hatching fertilized eggs: disinfecting an egg bed and an incubation pool by using 1mg/L oxalic acid solution, after the disinfection is finished and the incubation pool is aired for 3 days, putting the egg bed in the incubation pool in an orderly manner, then uniformly spreading fertilized eggs on the egg bed, carrying out artificial incubation, keeping 10mg dissolved oxygen in the incubation pool, preventing saprolegnia by using mitamine after 12 hours, and simultaneously spraying proper amount of saline solution to the surface of the egg bed every 3 days until the fertilized eggs are incubated to form fish blossoms, wherein the egg bed is made of brushes or meshes;
step five: and (3) seedling cultivation: the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, cleaning and disinfecting the seedling culture pond in the first 3 days of the second step, soaking 20 jin of tea bran in each mu for 24 hours, sprinkling, maintaining the water inlet depth at 0.8m, and finally preventing the frog and the snake from entering the seedling culture pond through a net with the height of 1m around the seedling culture pond;
s2, adjusting the water quality 7 days after the seedling culture pond is prepared, so that the water quality meets the fishery water quality standard, and transferring the smooth algae flowers suitable for fish flower opening into the seedling culture pond for culture after the adjustment is completed;
s3, putting the fish flowers into the seedling culture pond in the morning and evening of each day and at an air inlet, soaking the oxygen bag in the pond for 15min at the moment, so that the water temperature difference does not exceed 2 ℃, and putting the fish flowers at the density of 40 ten thousand tails/mu below the water temperature of 25 ℃ and 20 ten thousand tails/mu above the water temperature of 25 ℃;
step six: daily management: feeding the opening materials on the next day of fry casting, wherein the feeding follows the principle that three sides and two sides are full of the pond, namely, the pond is full of the morning and the afternoon, four sides are also sprinkled, the pond is sprinkled for 1 time along the middle noon, the opening materials need to be sprinkled to be fine and even as fog and rain, then, the pond is patrolled in the morning and evening, whether the centipede and the dragonfly larva exist or not is checked, timely treatment is found, the feeding area is controlled within one side of the pond after one week of fry casting, after about 40 days of feeding, the fry can be sold when the size reaches about 1200/jin, and the insect killing and the sterilization are carried out before the sale.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-quality crucian carp breeding method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: parent fish cultivation: selecting an individual with the weight of more than 1 jin and the health, good physique, no disease, no injury and no deformity as a parent fish, putting the parent fish into a temporary culture pond for independent culture, using a culture mode of long running water in the temporary culture pond, and simultaneously feeding baits to meet the nutritional requirement of gonad development, wherein the baits consist of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22.5 parts of pumpkin, 67 parts of peanut meal, 12 parts of oyster meat, 5 parts of mulberry leaves, 4 parts of allicin, 25 parts of soybean lecithin and 3 parts of compound vitamin, wherein the compound vitamin is formed by mixing one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin E and riboflavin;
step two: artificial hastening parturition: disinfecting an induced spawning pond by using 1mg/L oxalic acid solution, selecting parent fish with mature gonads after disinfection, injecting oxytocin, putting the parent fish into the induced spawning pond, stimulating the parent fish with running water with water exchange amount of 5 times/hour at the water temperature of 23 ℃, accelerating the maturation of fish eggs, observing the maturation of the fish eggs, and then carrying out artificial fertilization, wherein the oxytocin is formed by mixing chorionic gonadotropin, diosone and normal saline, the dosage of the chorionic gonadotropin is 600 international units per kilogram of crucian, and the titer of the diosone is 4 mu g per kilogram of crucian;
step three: artificial fertilization: squeezing mature roe into a clean and moisture-free basin, squeezing sperm of the male fish into the basin, simultaneously adding a small amount of physiological saline, and stirring uniformly to fully fertilize the roe to form fertilized roe, wherein the ratio of the mature roe to the sperm of the male fish is 1: 15;
step four: hatching fertilized eggs: disinfecting an egg bed and an incubation pool by using 1mg/L oxalic acid solution, after the disinfection is finished and the incubation pool is aired for 3 days, putting the egg bed in the incubation pool in an orderly manner, then uniformly spreading fertilized eggs on the egg bed, carrying out artificial incubation, keeping 13mg of dissolved oxygen in the incubation pool, preventing saprolegnia by using Meiting after 12 hours, and simultaneously spraying proper amount of saline solution to the surface of the egg bed every 4 days until the fertilized eggs are incubated to form fish blossoms, wherein the egg bed is made of brushes or meshes;
step five: and (3) seedling cultivation: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and disinfecting the seedling culture pond in the first 3 days of the second step, soaking 20 jin of tea bran in each mu for 24 hours, sprinkling, maintaining the water inlet depth at 0.9m, and finally preventing the frog and the snake from entering the seedling culture pond through a net with the height of 1m around the seedling culture pond;
s2, adjusting the water quality 7 days after the seedling culture pond is prepared, so that the water quality meets the fishery water quality standard, and transferring the smooth algae flowers suitable for fish flower opening into the seedling culture pond for culture after the adjustment is completed;
s3, putting the fish flowers into the seedling culture pond in the morning and evening of each day and at an air inlet, soaking the oxygen bag in the pond for 22min at the moment, so that the water temperature difference does not exceed 2 ℃, and putting the fish flowers at the density of 40 ten thousand tails/mu below the water temperature of 25 ℃ and 20 ten thousand tails/mu above the water temperature of 25 ℃;
step six: daily management: feeding the opening materials on the next day of fry casting, wherein the feeding follows the principle that three sides and two sides are full of the pond, namely, the pond is full of the morning and the afternoon, four sides are also sprinkled, the pond is sprinkled for 1 time along the middle noon, the opening materials need to be sprinkled to be fine and even as fog and rain, then, the pond is patrolled in the morning and evening, whether the centipede and the dragonfly larva exist or not is checked, timely treatment is found, the feeding area is controlled within one side of the pond after one week of fry casting, after about 40 days of feeding, the fry can be sold when the size reaches about 1200/jin, and the insect killing and the sterilization are carried out before the sale.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the method for breeding the high-quality crucian carp comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: parent fish cultivation: selecting an individual with the weight of more than 1 jin and the health, good physique, no disease, no injury and no deformity as a parent fish, putting the parent fish into a temporary culture pond for independent culture, using a culture mode of long running water in the temporary culture pond, and simultaneously feeding baits to meet the nutritional requirement of gonad development, wherein the baits consist of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of pumpkin, 75 parts of peanut meal, 13 parts of oyster meat, 7 parts of mulberry leaf, 5 parts of allicin, 27 parts of soybean lecithin and 4.6 parts of compound vitamin, wherein the compound vitamin is formed by mixing one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin E and riboflavin;
step two: artificial hastening parturition: disinfecting an induced spawning pond by using 1mg/L oxalic acid solution, selecting parent fish with mature gonads after disinfection, injecting oxytocin, putting the parent fish into the induced spawning pond, stimulating the parent fish with running water with water exchange amount of 5 times/hour at the water temperature of 25 ℃, accelerating the maturation of fish eggs, observing the maturation of the fish eggs, and then carrying out artificial fertilization, wherein the oxytocin is formed by mixing chorionic gonadotropin, diosone and normal saline, the dosage of the chorionic gonadotropin is 600 international units per kilogram of crucian, and the titer of the diosone is 4 mu g per kilogram of crucian;
step three: artificial fertilization: squeezing mature roe into a clean and moisture-free basin, squeezing sperm of the male fish into the basin, simultaneously adding a small amount of physiological saline, and stirring uniformly to fully fertilize the roe to form fertilized roe, wherein the ratio of the mature roe to the sperm of the male fish is 1: 15;
step four: hatching fertilized eggs: disinfecting an egg bed and an incubation pool by using 1mg/L oxalic acid solution, after the disinfection is finished and the incubation pool is aired for 3 days, putting the egg bed in the incubation pool in an orderly manner, then uniformly spreading fertilized eggs on the egg bed, carrying out artificial incubation, keeping the dissolved oxygen of the incubation pool at 15mg, using mitanite to prevent water and mildew after 12 hours, and simultaneously spraying proper amount of saline solution to the surface of the egg bed every 5 days until the fertilized eggs are incubated to form fish blossoms, wherein the egg bed is made of brushes or meshes;
step five: and (3) seedling cultivation: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and disinfecting the seedling culture pond in the first 3 days of the second step, soaking 20 jin of tea bran in each mu for 24 hours, sprinkling, maintaining the water inlet depth at 1m, and finally preventing the frog and the snake from entering the seedling culture pond through a net with the height of 1m around the seedling culture pond;
s2, adjusting the water quality 7 days after the seedling culture pond is prepared, so that the water quality meets the fishery water quality standard, and transferring the smooth algae flowers suitable for fish flower opening into the seedling culture pond for culture after the adjustment is completed;
s3, putting the fish flowers into the seedling culture pond in the morning and evening of each day and at an air inlet, soaking the oxygen bag in the pond for 30min at the moment, so that the water temperature difference does not exceed 2 ℃, and putting the fish flowers at the density of 40 ten thousand tails/mu below the water temperature of 25 ℃ and 20 ten thousand tails/mu above the water temperature of 25 ℃;
step six: daily management: feeding the opening materials on the next day of fry casting, wherein the feeding follows the principle that three sides and two sides are full of the pond, namely, the pond is full of the morning and the afternoon, four sides are also sprinkled, the pond is sprinkled for 1 time along the middle noon, the opening materials need to be sprinkled to be fine and even as fog and rain, then, the pond is patrolled in the morning and evening, whether the centipede and the dragonfly larva exist or not is checked, timely treatment is found, the feeding area is controlled within one side of the pond after one week of fry casting, after about 40 days of feeding, the fry can be sold when the size reaches about 1200/jin, and the insect killing and the sterilization are carried out before the sale.
Comparative example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for breeding high-quality crucian carp, wherein the bait in the step one is peanut bran, and the other scheme is the same as that in the example 1.
The comparison shows that the quality of the roes and the sperms obtained in the examples 1 to 3 is superior to that of the roes and the sperms obtained in the comparative example 1, so that the quality of the fish flowers obtained in the examples 1 to 3 is higher than that of the fish flowers obtained in the comparative example 1, the fertilization rate is higher, and meanwhile, the relation between the water temperature and the putting amount is determined by the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative example 1, so that the fish flowers are more easily adapted to the environment of a seedling culture pond, the survival rate of the fish flowers is improved, and the cost consumption is reduced.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for breeding the high-quality crucian carp is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: parent fish breeding: selecting 1-3-year-old individuals with weight of more than 1 jin, strong physique, good physique, no disease, no injury and no deformity as parent fishes, putting the parent fishes into a temporary culture pond for independent culture, using a culture mode of long running water in the temporary culture pond, and simultaneously feeding baits to meet the nutritional requirements of gonadal development;
step two: artificial hastening parturition: disinfecting an induced spawning pond by using 1mg/L oxalic acid solution, selecting parent fish with mature gonads after disinfection, injecting oxytocin, putting the parent fish into the induced spawning pond, stimulating the parent fish by using running water with water exchange quantity of 5 times/hour at the water temperature of 20-25 ℃, accelerating maturation of fish eggs, and carrying out artificial fertilization after observing maturation of the fish eggs;
step three: artificial fertilization: squeezing mature roe into a clean and moisture-free basin, squeezing sperm of the male fish into the basin, simultaneously adding a small amount of physiological saline, and stirring uniformly to make the roe fully fertilized to form fertilized roe;
step four: hatching fertilized eggs: disinfecting an egg bed and an incubation pool by using 1mg/L oxalic acid solution, after the disinfection is finished and the eggs are aired for 3 days, putting the egg bed in the incubation pool in an orderly manner, uniformly spreading fertilized eggs on the egg bed, carrying out artificial incubation, keeping 10-15 mg of dissolved oxygen in the incubation pool, preventing water and mildew by using mitamine after 12 hours, and spraying a proper amount of saline solution to the surface of the egg bed every 3-5 days until the fertilized eggs are incubated to form fish flowers;
step five: and (3) seedling cultivation: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and disinfecting the seedling culture pond in the first 3 days of the second step, soaking 20 jin of tea bran in each mu for 24 hours, sprinkling, maintaining the water inlet depth at 0.8-1 m, and finally preventing the frog and the snake from entering the seedling culture pond through a net with the height of 1m around the seedling culture pond;
s2, adjusting the water quality 7 days after the seedling culture pond is prepared, so that the water quality meets the fishery water quality standard, and transferring the smooth algae flowers suitable for fish flower opening into the seedling culture pond for culture after the adjustment is completed;
s3, putting the fish flowers into the seedling culture pond in the morning and evening of each day and at an air inlet, and soaking the oxygen bag in the pond for 15-30 min to ensure that the water temperature difference does not exceed 2 ℃;
step six: daily management: the method comprises the steps of feeding opening materials on the second day of fry feeding, wherein the feeding follows the principle that three sides and two feet are full of ponds, namely, the ponds are full of the morning and the afternoon, four sides are also sprayed, the opening materials are sprayed along the sides for 1 time at noon, the opening materials need to be sprayed to be fine and even as rain, whether the pond is patrolled in the morning and evening or not is checked, timely treatment is found, the feeding area is controlled within one side of the pond after one week of fry feeding, the fry can be sold after being fed for about 40 days, and the fry can be killed and disinfected before being sold when the fry reaches about 1200/jin.
2. The method for breeding high-quality crucian carp according to claim 1, wherein the bait in the first step is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of pumpkin, 60-75 parts of peanut meal, 11-13 parts of oyster meat, 4-7 parts of mulberry leaves, 3-5 parts of allicin, 23-27 parts of soybean lecithin and 2.4-4.6 parts of compound vitamin.
3. The method for breeding high-quality crucian carp according to claim 2, wherein the vitamin complex is formed by mixing one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin E and riboflavin.
4. The method for reproducing high-quality crucian carp as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the oxytocin is formed by mixing chorionic gonadotropin, diosone and normal saline.
5. The method for breeding high-quality crucian carp as claimed in claim 4, wherein the dosage of chorionic gonadotropin is 600 titer international units per kilogram crucian carp, and the dosage of diospyrone is 4 μ g per kilogram crucian carp.
6. The method for breeding high-quality crucian carp according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of mature roe to male fish sperm in the third step is 1: 15; in the fourth step, the egg bed is made of brushes or meshes; and in the step five S3, the density of the fish fries put in the fish fries is 40 ten thousand tails/mu below the water temperature of 25 ℃, and the density of the fish fries put in the fish fries is 20 ten thousand tails/mu above the water temperature of 25 ℃.
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Application publication date: 20220819 |