CN114885695B - Method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings - Google Patents
Method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114885695B CN114885695B CN202210666093.6A CN202210666093A CN114885695B CN 114885695 B CN114885695 B CN 114885695B CN 202210666093 A CN202210666093 A CN 202210666093A CN 114885695 B CN114885695 B CN 114885695B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grafting
- stock
- grafted
- scion
- seedlings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving survival rate of mulberry grafted seedlings, which comprises the following steps: 1) At least one bud grafting for breeding spike; 2) Preserving the scions in the dark at low temperature; 3) Cutting grafting after the scion is restored to normal temperature to obtain grafted seedlings; wherein, the variety of the stock used for breeding the scion in the step 1) is the same as the variety of the stock used for grafting the seedling in the step 3). The method is based on the operation from the stock seedling determination to the grafted seedling determination of the cutting body, has foresight, planning and guiding properties, is very beneficial to the advance of resource allocation and personnel organization arrangement of staff, not only realizes the accurate allocation of personnel, land and material materials, ensures that the efficient and orderly development of the mulberry seedling grafting task is completed, but also is beneficial to the full and reasonable utilization of resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mulberry grafting. More particularly, the invention relates to a method for improving the survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings.
Background
The propagation mode of mulberry is divided into sexual and asexual modes. For some male mulberry, seedless mulberry and mulberry seed resources with excellent properties of hybridization or induced mutation, only asexual propagation methods are used for preserving resources and protecting excellent properties. The asexual propagation modes are divided into a plurality of modes, and at present, two modes of grafting and cuttage are mainly adopted in production. The cutting seedling has a rooting period and a long rooting period, so that the garden building time is prolonged, and the actual asexual propagation is often used for propagating the grafted seedlings. At present, the mulberry is bred and grafted by adopting the conventional cutting (namely grafting body) and other stock technologies, the method is to reproduce the stock seedling in advance, usually the actual stock seedling is bred from 3 months (in a greenhouse) to 6 months (open field) in advance, the asexual stock seedling, namely the cutting seedling, needs to be bred and planted in advance for 6-12 months, and the planned cutting, namely the grafting body branch, can be directly sheared to carry out grafting after each growth character of the stock seedling reaches the grafting standard. Although the traditional grafting method accumulating the modern wisdom is still a pillar for asexual propagation of the mulberry seedlings at present, the grafting survival rate and the seedling rate of some mulberry resources are very low and can not meet the market demands and the application in scientific research in actual production grafting. Although a lot of time, resources, materials and labor costs are consumed, the achievement received in practice is half the effort. For example, the Taiwan long-fruit mulberry variety is very low in asexual propagation seedling rate in the past due to the affinity of grafting materials, the seedling rate of multiple grafting is only 10% -13%, and the supply requirement of the current seedling market cannot be met at all.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages to be described later.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings, which can increase affinity between a cutting slip and a stock for grafting, thereby effectively improving success rate of cutting slip grafting.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a method for increasing survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings, comprising the steps of:
1) At least one bud grafting for breeding spike;
2) Preserving the scions in the dark at low temperature;
3) Cutting grafting after the scion is restored to normal temperature to obtain grafted seedlings;
wherein, the variety of the stock used for breeding the scion in the step 1) is the same as the variety of the stock used for grafting the seedling in the step 3).
The invention breeds the scions of the grafting seedling by utilizing the adult mulberry of the same variety as the stock used for the grafting seedling, thereby increasing the affinity between the scions and the stock used for the grafting seedling and further improving the success rate of the grafting of the scions.
Preferably, in the step 1), the stock used for breeding the scion is an adult mulberry tree with 2 years or more, the stock variety used for breeding the scion is similar to the relativity of the scion variety, and the specific requirements are strong tree vigor, more rooting, more branches and excellent growth characteristics. According to the invention, by selecting the mature mulberry trees with excellent growth characteristics for 2 years or more as the stock for breeding the scions, the scions can obtain sufficient nutrients and some improvement of excellent characteristics, the affinity between accumulated scions and the stock is increased, and the success rate of scions in grafting is further improved.
Preferably, in step 1), when the autumn mulberry She Jianhuang enters the dead growth period, the scion is bred in a bud grafting mode before 11 am, the grafting position is selected from the just-lignified tender stock at the middle upper part of the stock branch, the just-lignified tender scion is selected as a scion body of the bud grafting, and the transverse cutting diameter of the scion body is larger than the diameter of the scion body.
Preferably, the current year bred in the step 1) is lignified, grows vigorously, has no harm to diseases and insects, and is filled with robust spike, green immature color bands on the leaves and the top skin of the branch are removed, namely, after the lignified part is not formed, bundling and spraying moisturizing nutrient solution, and then, the current year bred in the step 1) is put into a low-temperature condition of 10 ℃ and covered with a film for dark preservation for 3-7 d. Through low temperature preservation, the interference influence of plant damage emergency metabolites on grafting survival rate can be effectively reduced, low respiration rate is reduced, the consumption of branch self nutrient substances for cutting is maintained or slowed down, and the grafting success rate is further improved.
Preferably, in the step 3), grafting is performed in a root grafting or bag grafting mode, and after grafting is completed, a preservative film is covered on the junction of the cutting slips and the stock for reinforcing the junction and protecting the junction.
Preferably, in the step 3), the stock seedlings used for grafting seedlings can be lifted 3 days before grafting, and the stock used for grafting seedlings comprises a seedling stock for sowing and breeding and asexual cutting Miao Zhenmu; the seedling stock is required to have more roots, good roots, no harm of diseases and insects and vigorous growth vigor, and the cutting Miao Zhenmu is required to be strong, strong in growth vigor, no harm of diseases and insects and more than 3 strong roots.
Preferably, the stock used before grafting is subjected to dry-wet root strengthening treatment, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the root system of the stock used for grafting the seedling is aired in daytime, the moisture evaporation of the root system of the stock is promoted, the root system of the stock seedling is supplemented with moisture at night, and the cycle treatment is carried out for more than 2 times. The stock used for grafting seedlings can effectively enhance the adaptability and stress resistance of the stock used for grafting seedlings to new environments through dry and wet repeated operation, thereby promoting the healthy growth of the seedlings.
Preferably, grafted seedlings are orderly placed in a bamboo basket or a drying vessel and are put into a refrigeration house for low-temperature preservation within 4 hours, and the preservation conditions are as follows: after plastic film covering (moisture preservation treatment), the plastic film can be preserved for more than 5 hours in dark condition at 5 ℃, and then can enter field planting. The grafted seedlings after grafting is preserved at low temperature, so that the respiration of damaged grafting parts can be reduced, the loss speed of nutritional ingredients is slowed down, and the joint of the cutting slips and the stock is tightly attached after the grafted seedlings are refrigerated, so that conditions are created for improving the survival rate of grafting.
Preferably, the stock used for breeding the scion is a sexual propagation seedling or a asexual propagation cutting seedling. The invention selects the stock as the seed propagation variety or the seed-free cutting propagation variety as the stock for propagation of scion, and the stock for grafting seedlings can conveniently utilize sexual germplasm resources and asexual germplasm resources.
Preferably, in the step 3), when cutting the scion, the diameter of the cross section of the scion is not equal to the diameter of the cross section of the stock, and the difference is 0.5-1 cm.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
first, the invention breeds the scions by utilizing the stock used for breeding the scions of the same variety as the stock used for grafting the seedling, thereby increasing the affinity between the cutting and the stock used for grafting the seedling and further improving the success rate of the mulberry grafting.
Secondly, the grafted seedling stock can effectively enhance the adaptability and stress resistance of the grafted seedling stock to a new environment by repeated dry and wet operation, and is beneficial to healthy growth of seedlings.
Thirdly, the invention selects the variety propagated by seeds or the variety propagated by cutting (without seeds) as the stock used for propagating the scion and grafting the seedling, and can combine and utilize the advantages of sexual germplasm resources and asexual germplasm resources for grafting.
Fourthly, the method is more prospective, planned and instructive, is very beneficial to the advance allocation of resources and the arrangement of personnel tissues by the personnel according to the number of the stock seedlings determined by the cutting body, not only realizes the accurate allocation of personnel, land and material materials, enables the efficient and orderly development of the mulberry seedling grafting task to be finished, but also is beneficial to the full utilization of resources. The method can fundamentally improve the survival rate of the grafted mulberry seedlings, and has important guiding significance for developing efficient mulberry seedlings and industrialized development of the mulberry seedlings.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by reference to the specification.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
The experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise indicated, and the reagents and materials are commercially available.
A method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings comprises the following steps:
1) At least one bud grafting for breeding spike;
2) Preserving the scions in the dark at low temperature;
3) Cutting grafting after the scion is restored to normal temperature to obtain grafted seedlings;
wherein, the variety of the stock used for breeding the scion in the step 1) is the same as the variety of the stock used for grafting the seedling in the step 3).
The invention breeds the scions by using the same variety of stock as the stock used for grafting the scions, thereby increasing the affinity between the scions and the stock used for grafting the scions and further improving the success rate of grafting the scions.
In another technical scheme, in the step 1), the stock used for breeding the scion is an adult mulberry tree with 2 years old or more, and the stock used for breeding the scion is required to have more roots, strong tree vigor, more branches and excellent growth characteristics. According to the invention, the mature mulberry with excellent growth property over 2 years is selected as the stock for breeding the scions, so that sufficient nutrients can be provided for the growth of the scions, and meanwhile, a basis is provided for the robust and sufficient accumulated nutrients of the scions in the later period, thereby improving the success rate of grafting of the scions.
In another technical scheme, in the step 1), when the autumn mulberry She Jianhuang enters a stagnant growth period, selecting to breed scions in a bud grafting mode before 11 am, selecting a just-lignified tender stock at the upper middle part of a stock branch at a grafting position, selecting the just-lignified tender scion as a scion body of bud grafting, and enabling the transverse cutting diameter of the stock body to be larger than the diameter of the scion body.
In another technical scheme, the current annual wood bred in the step 1) is lignified, grows vigorously, has no harm to diseases and insects, and is filled with robust spike, green immature parts of leaves and the top skin of the branch are removed, the moisture-preserving nutrient solution is bundled and sprayed, and then the current annual wood is put into a low-temperature condition of 10 ℃ and preserved in a film covering dark for 3-7 d. Through low-temperature preservation, the metabolism and respiration of substances can be greatly reduced, the loss of nutrients and the interference of some defensive substances on grafting viability after the branches are cut off are effectively avoided, and the success rate of grafting is further improved.
In another technical scheme, in the step 3), grafting is carried out in a root grafting or bag grafting mode, and a preservative film is covered on the junction of the cutting and the stock immediately after grafting is finished, so that the junction is reinforced and the junction is protected.
In another technical scheme, in the step 3), the stock used for grafting seedlings starts seedlings 3 days before grafting, and the stock used for grafting seedlings comprises a seedling stock for sowing and breeding and a cutting Miao Zhenmu; the seedling stock is required to have more roots, good roots, no harm of diseases and insects and vigorous growth, and the cutting Miao Zhenmu is required to have strong growth and more than 3 strong roots.
In another technical scheme, the stock used for grafting seedlings before grafting is subjected to dry-wet root strengthening treatment, and the specific method comprises the following steps: and (3) airing the root system of the grafted seedling stock in daytime, promoting the water evaporation of the root system of the grafted seedling stock, supplementing the water of the grafted seedling stock at night, and carrying out cyclic treatment for 3 times. The stock used for grafting seedlings is subjected to dry and wet treatment operation, so that the adaptability and stress resistance of the stock used for grafting seedlings to a new environment can be effectively enhanced, and healthy growth of the seedlings is promoted.
In another technical scheme, after grafting is completed, the grafted seedlings are orderly placed in a bamboo basket or a drying vessel, and are placed in a refrigeration house for low-temperature preservation within 4 hours, wherein the preservation conditions are as follows: and (5) covering a plastic film, performing moisture preservation, and then preserving for more than 5 hours in a dark condition at the temperature of 5 ℃ to enter field planting.
In another technical scheme, the stock used for breeding the scion is a seed-propagated variety or a variety without seeds and subjected to cutting propagation is used as the stock used for breeding the scion and the stock used for grafting the seedling, and the advantages of combining and utilizing the sexual germplasm resources and asexual germplasm resources are used for grafting.
In another technical scheme, in the step 3), when the cut scions are grafted, the diameter of the cross section of the cutting scion is not equal to that of the cross section of the stock, and the difference is 0.5-1 cm.
Example 1 ]
A method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting an adult mulberry with more than 2 years old, more rooting, strong tree vigor, more branches and excellent growth characters as a stock for breeding spike; when Phellinus linteus enters the stagnant growth period in autumn, breeding scions in a bud grafting mode before 11 am, selecting the middle upper part of a stock branch at a grafting position, wherein the bud grafting stock and a scion body adopt just lignified branches, and the difference between the transverse cutting diameter of the bud grafting stock and the transverse cutting diameter of the bud grafting body is 0.5cm;
2) The current year is lignified, the growth is vigorous, the disease and insect harm is avoided, the healthy spike is enriched, green immature (non-lignified) parts of the leaves and the top skin of the branch are removed, the moisture-preserving nutrient solution is bundled and sprayed, then the current year is put into a low-temperature condition of 10 ℃, and the film is covered and preserved in darkness for 3-7 d;
3) The stock used for breeding the grafted seedlings is cut Miao Zhenmu, the cutting Miao Zhenmu is required to be similar to the cutting in relation, the growth character is good, the growth vigor is strong and strong, more than 3 strong roots are generated, watering is controlled 1 month before grafting, and seedling training is carried out; the stock used for grafting the seedling has the same variety as the stock used for breeding the scion, the stock used for grafting the seedling is used for lifting the seedling 3 days before grafting, and the dry and wet root strengthening treatment is carried out before grafting, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the root system of the grafted seedling stock is aired in daytime, the moisture evaporation of the root system of the grafted seedling stock is promoted, the moisture of the grafted seedling stock is supplemented at night, and the grafted seedling stock is continuously and circularly treated for 3 times; the scion strip stored at low temperature is taken out from the refrigeration house and is recovered to normal temperature, then grafting is carried out in a root grafting or bag grafting mode, and when scion strip cutting grafting is carried out, the difference between the diameter of the cross section of the scion and the diameter of the cross section of the stock is 0.5-1 cm; immediately wrapping a preservative film at the junction of the cutting and the stock after grafting is completed, so as to strengthen the junction and protect the junction; the grafted seedlings are orderly placed into a bamboo basket or a drying vessel, and are put into a refrigeration house for low-temperature preservation within 4 hours after being covered by a plastic film, and the preservation conditions are as follows: and under the dark condition of 5 ℃, the storage time is more than 5 hours, and the field planting can be performed after the low-temperature treatment is completed.
Example 2 ]
A method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting an adult mulberry which is 2 years old or more, has more roots, strong tree vigor, more branches and excellent growth characteristics and has similar relationship with cuttings as a stock for breeding cuttings; when Phellinus linteus enters the stagnant growth period in autumn, grafting and breeding scions in a bud grafting mode before 11 am, wherein the grafting part is the middle upper part of a stock branch, and the bud grafting stock and scion body adopt freshly lignified branches;
2) Removing green immature parts of leaves and top skin color bands of annual hard branches which are woodized, vigorous in growth, free of diseases and insect pests and strong in current year, bundling, spraying moisturizing nutrient solution, placing into a low-temperature condition of 10 ℃, and covering a film for dark preservation for 7d;
3) The stock used for breeding the grafted seedlings is a seedling stock for seeding and breeding, the seedling stock is required to have multiple roots, good roots and no harm of diseases and insects, the stock used for grafting seedlings is the same as the stock used for breeding the scion, has similar relativity to the scion, is a seed variety, the stock used for grafting seedlings is started 3 days before grafting, and is subjected to dry-wet root strengthening treatment before grafting, and the specific method is as follows: the root system of the grafted seedling stock is aired in daytime, the moisture evaporation of the root system of the grafted seedling stock is promoted, the moisture of the grafted seedling stock is supplemented at night, and the grafted seedling stock is circularly treated for 3 times; the scion strip of the low-temperature refrigeration house is taken out and returned to normal temperature and then grafted in a root grafting or bag grafting mode, when scion strip cutting grafting is carried out, the difference between the diameter of the cross section of the scion and the diameter of the cross section of the stock is +/-0.5 cm-1 cm, and after grafting is completed, a preservative film is immediately covered at the joint of the scion and the stock for reinforcing the joint and protecting the joint; the grafted seedlings are orderly placed into a bamboo basket or a drying vessel, and after being covered by a plastic film, the grafted seedlings are placed into a refrigeration house for low-temperature preservation within 4 hours, and the preservation conditions are as follows: and under the dark condition of 5 ℃, the storage time is more than 5 hours, and the field planting can be carried out after the low-temperature treatment is completed. The field planting method is to make furrows and dig furrows in the field, and dig furrows every 15cm on the surface of the furrows, and the depth is about 15cm. Watering in the ditch, placing grafted seedlings in the planting ditch at an angle of 45 degrees, lightly covering soil, pressing, and taking the leakage bud eye outside the covering soil depth as a standard, thus finishing the planting of the grafted seedlings.
Example 3 ]
A method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting an adult mulberry which grows for more than 2 years, has more roots, strong tree vigor and excellent growth characteristics of more branches and has relatively close relation with cutting as a stock for breeding the scion, wherein the stock variety for the scion is osmanthus Sang You; when the Phellinus linteus enters the stagnant growth period in autumn, grafting and breeding scions in a bud grafting mode before 11 am, wherein the variety used for scions is strong mulberry No. 1, the grafting part is the middle upper part of a stock branch, the bud grafting stock and scions adopt just lignified branches, the scions grow after one year, and are cut for grafting about 1 month in the next year;
2) Removing green immature parts of leaves and top skin of branches obtained by current annual lignification, vigorous growth, no harm of diseases and insects and strong bud grafting, bundling, spraying moisturizing nutrient solution, placing into a low-temperature condition of 10 ℃, covering a film, and preserving for 3d in darkness;
3) The stock used for grafting is bred, the stock variety used for grafting is Gui Sangyou, which is the same as the bud grafting stock variety, the stock used for grafting is a seeding stock for seeding and breeding, the stock used for grafting is sowed and bred in 3 months in the current year, and the seedling stock is required to have multiple roots, good roots and no harm of diseases and insects and vigorous growth. The stock used for grafting seedlings is lifted 3 days before grafting, leaves are cut to remove terminal buds, the height of a reserved branch is about 20cm, and dry, wet and root strengthening treatment is carried out before grafting, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the root system of the grafted seedling stock is aired in daytime, evaporation and loss of moisture of the root system of the grafted seedling stock are promoted, moisture is supplemented for the grafted seedling stock at night, and the grafted seedling stock is circularly treated for 3 times; and taking out the scion strip cold storage for grafting, recovering to normal temperature, and grafting in a root grafting or bag grafting mode. When cutting the scion, paying attention to the difference between the diameter of the cross section of the scion and the diameter of the cross section of the stock by 0.5 cm-1 cm, immediately covering a preservative film at the joint of the scion and the stock after grafting is finished, and reinforcing the joint and protecting the joint; the grafted seedlings after the operation are orderly placed into a bamboo basket or a drying vessel, and after being covered by a plastic film, the grafted seedlings are placed into a refrigeration house for low-temperature preservation within 4 hours, and the preservation conditions are as follows: the preservation time is more than 5 hours under the dark condition of 5 ℃. And after the low-temperature treatment is finished, ridging and ditching planting are performed in the field. The width of the furrow is 1-1.5 m, and the height is 20-30 cm, and the method is to transversely cut furrows on the furrow surface and irrigate and plant. The row spacing between the furrows is 15cm, the depth of the planting furrows is about 15cm, and grafted seedlings are placed in the furrows in an inclined mode of 45 degrees. The grafted seedlings are placed at intervals of 10 cm to 15cm, and then are lightly covered with soil and compacted. The covering depth is based on the condition that bud eyes are leaked out of one side, and then the field planting is completed.
Example 4 ]
A method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings comprises the following steps:
1) An adult mulberry which is 2 years old or more, has more roots and strong tree vigor, has excellent growth characteristics of more branches and has close relation with a cutting body is selected as a stock for breeding the scion, and the variety of the stock for the scion is osmanthus Sang You; grafting and breeding scions of Phellinus linteus in autumn in a bud grafting mode before 11 am, wherein the variety used for scions is strong mulberry No. 1, the grafting part selects a middle-upper bud grafting stock of a stock branch, scions adopt a just lignified branch, the scions grow after one year, scions bred by bud grafting are cut in autumn, the scions bred by bud grafting are further subjected to bud grafting to breed scions, and the scions bred by bud grafting are cut for later grafting in the branches which survive in 1 month of the next year and have no harm of diseases and insects and vigorous growth vigor;
2) Removing green immature parts of leaves and the top skin of the branches which are sprouted and survived in current year, are vigorous in growth, free of diseases and insect pests, are green, bundling, spraying moisturizing nutrient solution, putting into a low-temperature condition of 10 ℃, covering a film, and preserving in darkness for 3d;
3) The method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of breeding the stock used for grafting, wherein the stock variety used for grafting is osmanthus Sang You, the stock used for grafting is a seedling stock for seeding and breeding, the stock used for grafting in the current year is sowed and bred in 3 months, the stock used for grafting is required to have multiple roots, good roots, no harm of diseases and insects and vigorous growth, the stock used for grafting is the same as the stock variety used for breeding scion bud grafting, the stock used for grafting is seed variety, the stock used for grafting is lifted 3 days before grafting, leaves are removed, the height of the branches is 20cm, and the dry and wet root strengthening treatment is carried out before grafting, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the root system of the grafted seedling stock is aired in daytime, the evaporation of water in the root system of the grafted seedling stock is promoted, the water in the grafted seedling stock is supplemented at night, and the grafted seedling stock is circularly treated for 3 times; and taking out the cutting strips for grafting from the refrigerator, and grafting in a root grafting or bag grafting mode after the temperature is restored to normal temperature. When cutting the scion and grafting, the diameter of the cross section of the scion is 0.5 cm-1 cm different from the diameter of the cross section of the stock, and after grafting, a preservative film is immediately covered at the joint of the scion and the stock for reinforcing the joint and protecting the joint; the grafted seedlings are orderly placed into a bamboo basket or a drying vessel, and are put into a refrigeration house for low-temperature preservation after being subjected to moisture preservation within 4 hours, and the preservation conditions are as follows: the preservation time is more than 5 hours under the dark condition of 5 ℃. And after the low-temperature treatment is finished, ridging and ditching planting are performed in the field. The width of the furrow is 1-1.5 m, and the height is 20-30 cm, and the method is to transversely cut furrows on the furrow surface and irrigate and plant. The row spacing between the furrows is 15cm, the depth of the planting furrows is about 15cm, and grafted seedlings are placed in the furrows in an inclined mode of 45 degrees. The grafted seedlings are placed at intervals of 10 cm to 15cm, and then are lightly covered with soil and compacted. The covering depth is based on the condition that bud eyes are leaked out of one side, and then the field planting is completed.
Example 5 ]
The difference from example 4 is that the stock variety used for the scion is Gui Sang You and the variety used for the scion is Taiwan mulberry.
Example 6 ]
The difference from example 4 is that the stock variety used for the scion is Gui Sang You, and the variety used for the scion is Taiwan mulberry.
Example 7 ]
The difference from example 4 is that the stock variety used for the scion is Gui Sang You, and the variety used for the scion is Yue Shen 10.
Example 8 ]
The difference from example 4 is that the stock variety used for the scion is Gui Sang You, and the variety used for the scion is Yue Shen 10.
Example 9 ]
The difference from example 4 is that, in order to further increase the grafting success rate, the surface layer of the spike is sprayed with a moisturizing nutrient solution before the spike is preserved in the dark at low temperature, the moisturizing nutrient solution comprises: 1.2g/L of chitosan, 0.2g/L of glucose, 0.1g/L of seaweed extract, 10mg/L of vitamin A, 100mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 100mg/L of calcium sulfate and 5mg/L of abscisic acid; the seaweed extract is prepared by pulverizing dried herba Zosterae Marinae, sieving with 40 mesh sieve, reflux extracting 100g sample with 95% ethanol for 3 hr, reflux extracting for 3 times, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain the seaweed extract.
In the embodiment, the moisturizing function of the spike is enhanced by spraying moisturizing nutrient solution and utilizing chitosan; the seaweed extract can increase the concentration of the cell liquid of the scion, enhance the moisturizing capability of the scion, reduce the outflow of sap when cutting the scion, and in addition, the seaweed extract also has the effect of improving the activity of SOD enzyme and enhances the stress resistance of the scion; enhancing the antioxidation capability of the spike by using vitamin A; the abscisic acid is utilized to promote the scion to enter a dormant state during the cold storage period, so that the consumption of nutrients is reduced, and the nutrition level and the vitality of the scion are maintained; and the grafting success rate in the later period is improved.
< test of Effect >
Comparative example 1: the grafting method provided in example 4 is different from example 4 in that the scion is not subjected to bud grafting propagation treatment.
Comparative example 2: the grafting method provided in example 5 is different from example 5 in that the scion is not subjected to bud grafting breeding treatment.
Comparative example 3: the grafting method provided in example 6 is different from example 6 in that the scion is not subjected to bud grafting propagation treatment.
Comparative example 4: the grafting method provided in example 7 is different from example 7 in that the scion is not subjected to bud grafting breeding treatment.
Comparative example 5: the grafting method provided in example 8 is different from example 8 in that the scion is not subjected to bud grafting breeding treatment.
Comparative example 6: the grafting method provided in example 4 is different from example 4 in that the scion is not subjected to the low-temperature dark refrigeration treatment in step 2).
Comparative example 7: the grafting method provided in example 5 is different from example 5 in that the scion is not subjected to the low-temperature dark refrigeration treatment in step 2).
Comparative example 8: the grafting method provided in example 7 is different from example 7 in that the scion is not subjected to the low-temperature dark refrigeration treatment in step 2).
Comparative example 9: the grafting method provided in the embodiment 4 is different from the embodiment 4 in that the stock used for grafting the seedling is not subjected to dry and wet treatment before grafting.
Comparative example 10: the grafting method provided in the embodiment 5 is different from the embodiment 5 in that the stock used for grafting the seedling is not subjected to dry and wet treatment before grafting.
Comparative example 11: the grafting method provided in the embodiment 7 is different from the embodiment 7 in that the stock used for grafting the seedling is not subjected to dry and wet treatment before grafting.
Comparative example 12: the grafting method provided in example 4 is different from example 4 in that the grafted seedlings are directly planted in the field after being finished, and low-temperature dark refrigeration is not performed.
Comparative example 13: the grafting method provided in example 5 is different from example 5 in that the grafted seedlings are directly planted in the field after being finished, and low-temperature dark refrigeration is not performed.
Comparative example 14: the grafting method provided in example 7 is different from example 7 in that the grafted seedlings are directly planted in the field after being finished, and low-temperature dark refrigeration is not performed.
Comparative example 15: the grafting method provided in example 9 was used, except that the moisturizing nutrient solution did not contain seaweed extract, as in example 9.
Comparative example 16: the grafting method provided in example 9 is different from example 9 in that the moisturizing nutrient solution does not contain abscisic acid.
< test Effect >
The grafting success rates of examples 3 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 16 were counted, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
From the results in Table 1, the results in examples 4 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 5 show that the grafting survival rate is related to the variety of the scion and the variety of the stock used for grafting the seedling; the results of the example 3 and the example 4 show that after the scion is subjected to bud grafting breeding for a plurality of times, the affinity between the scion and the stock used for grafting seedlings is enhanced, and the grafting success rate is improved.
The results of examples 4, 5, 7 and comparative examples 6-8 show that the scion strip has the effect of improving grafting survival rate through low-temperature dark refrigeration treatment.
The results of example 4, example 5, example 7 and comparative examples 9-11 show that the stock used for grafting seedlings is subjected to dry and wet treatment before grafting, and has the effect of improving the grafting survival rate.
The results of example 4, example 5, example 7 and comparative examples 12 to 14 show that the grafted seedlings are subjected to low-temperature dark refrigeration after grafting is completed, and have the effect of improving the grafting survival rate.
The results of example 4 and example 9 show that the treatment before grafting of the scion has the effect of improving the grafting success rate.
The results of example 9 and comparative example 15 show that increasing seaweed extract has the effect of improving grafting survival rate, and the seaweed extract possibly increases nutrient and moisture of scion, but does not increase outflow of sap when cutting the scion, so that nutrient and moisture are better retained in the scion, and further grafting survival rate is improved, and seaweed extract can enhance activity and stress resistance of cells, improve oxidation resistance and infection resistance of incisions, and further improve grafting survival rate.
The results of example 9 and comparative example 16 show that the addition of abscisic acid can improve grafting survival rate, and probably the abscisic acid can accelerate the scion to sleep in the preservation process, reduce the loss of scion nutrient, and further improve grafting survival rate.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the use of the description and embodiments, it is well suited to various fields of use for the invention, and further modifications may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the particular details without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The method for improving the survival rate of the mulberry grafted seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) At least one bud grafting for breeding spike; when the autumn mulberry She Jianhuang enters a stagnant growth period, selecting a bud grafting mode to breed scions before 11 am, selecting a just-lignified tender stock at the middle upper part of a stock branch at a grafting position, and selecting the just-lignified tender scion as a scion body of bud grafting, wherein the transverse cutting diameter of the scion body is larger than the diameter of the scion body;
2) Preserving the scions in the dark at low temperature; wherein, the current year of the breeding in the step 1) is lignified, the growth is vigorous, the pest damage is avoided, the strong spike is filled, green immature and non-lignified parts of leaves and the top skin of the branch are removed, the moisture-preserving nutrient solution is bundled and sprayed, then the current year is put into a low temperature condition of 10 ℃, and the film covering dark condition is preserved for 3 to 7 days;
3) Cutting grafting after the scion is restored to normal temperature to obtain grafted seedlings;
wherein, the variety of the stock used for breeding the scion in the step 1) is the same as the variety of the stock used for grafting the seedling in the step 3).
2. The method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the tree age of the stock used for breeding the scion is equal to or more than 2 years of adult mulberry.
3. The method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in step 3), grafting is performed in a root grafting mode, and a preservative film is covered on the interface of the cutting and the stock immediately after grafting is completed.
4. The method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the stock used for grafted seedlings is a seedling stock or a cutting stock, and seedlings are raised 3 days before grafting.
5. The method for improving the survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the stock used for the grafted seedlings is subjected to dry-wet root strengthening treatment before grafting, and the method comprises the following specific steps: the root systems of the stocks used for the grafted seedlings are aired in daytime, evaporation of water in the root systems of the stocks used for the grafted seedlings is promoted, water is supplemented for the stocks used for the grafted seedlings at night, and the cycle treatment is carried out for more than 2 times.
6. The method for improving the survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the grafted mulberry seedlings are orderly placed in a bamboo basket or a drying vessel after being treated by a preservative film, and are placed in a refrigeration house for low-temperature preservation within 4 hours, wherein the preservation conditions are as follows: and under the dark condition of 5 ℃, the storage time is more than 5 hours, and the field planting can be performed after the low-temperature treatment is completed.
7. The method for improving the survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the stock used for breeding the scions is a sexual propagation seedling or a asexual propagation cutting seedling.
8. The method for improving the survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), when cutting the scion, the diameter of the cross section of the scion is 0.5-1 cm different from the diameter of the cross section of the stock.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210666093.6A CN114885695B (en) | 2022-06-14 | 2022-06-14 | Method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210666093.6A CN114885695B (en) | 2022-06-14 | 2022-06-14 | Method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114885695A CN114885695A (en) | 2022-08-12 |
| CN114885695B true CN114885695B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
Family
ID=82728388
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210666093.6A Active CN114885695B (en) | 2022-06-14 | 2022-06-14 | Method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114885695B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105830850A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-10 | 山东省果树研究所 | Quick cultivation method of grafted sweet cherry seedlings |
| CN106376360A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 成都新艺现代农业开发有限公司 | Grafting method for improving survival rate in raising seedlings of mulberry grafts |
| CN110192490A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-03 | 山东省林木种质资源中心 | A kind of mating mating system of Wulian poplar |
| CN111406526A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-14 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广站 | High-position grafting rapid propagation method for mulberry |
| CN113207537A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-06 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | Single-bud ear grafting breeding method for Japanese pepper seedlings |
-
2022
- 2022-06-14 CN CN202210666093.6A patent/CN114885695B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105830850A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-10 | 山东省果树研究所 | Quick cultivation method of grafted sweet cherry seedlings |
| CN106376360A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 成都新艺现代农业开发有限公司 | Grafting method for improving survival rate in raising seedlings of mulberry grafts |
| CN110192490A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-03 | 山东省林木种质资源中心 | A kind of mating mating system of Wulian poplar |
| CN111406526A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-14 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广站 | High-position grafting rapid propagation method for mulberry |
| CN113207537A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-06 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | Single-bud ear grafting breeding method for Japanese pepper seedlings |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘朝斌,李华,朱帜.核桃接穗的多级有效利用试验.陕西林业科技.2001,(02),全文. * |
| 周应彪 ; .桑树"一步成园"丰产栽培技术.现代农业科技.2009,(10),全文. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114885695A (en) | 2022-08-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104838936B (en) | Water-saving peach tree planting method | |
| CN105453985A (en) | Planting method of five-pointed star loquats | |
| CN104521579A (en) | Cherry dense and dwarf planting method | |
| CN107736208A (en) | A kind of shallow raw groove directional cultivation method of Chinese yam | |
| CN107432225A (en) | One seed pod mulberry form culture method | |
| CN108713438A (en) | A kind of organic Kiwi cultural method | |
| CN105594441A (en) | Cultivation method of overwintering strawberry | |
| CN111109000A (en) | Dwarfing and high-yield cultivation method of apocarya suitable for south of the Yangtze river | |
| CN106717942A (en) | A kind of cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude | |
| CN107337564A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of navel orange | |
| CN107801553A (en) | A kind of grapefruit implantation methods | |
| CN108522121B (en) | Simple propagation method for grafting camellia chrysantha to camellia oleifera | |
| CN105027888A (en) | Planting method of decaisne fargesii | |
| CN112655482A (en) | High-efficiency high-yield cultivation method for interplanting dragon fruits and pineapples in greenhouse | |
| CN107182687A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of honey peach tree | |
| CN107771602A (en) | A kind of three-stage ' strand hang method ' apple dwarf own-rooted tree fast breeding method | |
| CN111727792A (en) | Plum tree premature high-yield regulation and control cultivation management technology | |
| CN114885695B (en) | Method for improving survival rate of grafted mulberry seedlings | |
| CN109220777A (en) | A kind of Chinese chestnut breeding method | |
| CN112314140B (en) | Fertilizing management method for adult grapefruit cocktail and planting method for grapefruit cocktail containing fertilizing management method | |
| CN107493914A (en) | A kind of walnut and corn, cat beans interplanting method | |
| CN107873423A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of eggplant | |
| CN113348939A (en) | Efficient three-dimensional planting and breeding combination method for peach trees, common fescue and golden cicadas | |
| CN112913614A (en) | High-altitude organic Chinese yam cultivation method | |
| CN113261465A (en) | Rapid citrus orchard establishment method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |