CN114868615A - High-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata - Google Patents
High-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata Download PDFInfo
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- CN114868615A CN114868615A CN202210698564.1A CN202210698564A CN114868615A CN 114868615 A CN114868615 A CN 114868615A CN 202210698564 A CN202210698564 A CN 202210698564A CN 114868615 A CN114868615 A CN 114868615A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting, in particular to a high-ridging anti-waterlogging cultivation method for pinellia ternata, which comprises the following steps of (1) soil preparation, namely soil preparation in the last ten days of 3 months, deep ploughing for 40cm, application of urea (the content of N is more than or equal to 46 percent) and calcium superphosphate (P) per mu 2 O 5 Content is more than or equal to 19 percent) and potassium sulfate (K) 2 O is more than or equal to 52 percent) of 30kg, 14kg and 10kg and 600kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, uniformly raking, leveling, ridging in the planting field, wherein the trend of the ridges is consistent with the trend of the terrain, the height of the ridges is 30cm, the distance between the ridge surface and the groove bottom is 60cm, the width of the ridges is 100cm, and the distance between the ridges is 20 cm; (2) pre-treatment of planting: selecting pinellia tuber with diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as propagation material, soaking in 35 deg.C warm water for one day for accelerating germination two days before planting, soaking in 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution for 5 min for sterilization, taking out, air drying in shade, and planting the next day; (3)3 in ten days of the monthPlanting, planting 240kg of seeds per mu, sowing the seeds at a depth of 14cm, and watering after planting; (4) and (3) spraying mixed liquid of urea and brown sugar in time after the first leaves of the pinellia ternata seedlings are completely unfolded, building a shading net in the planting land, and shading, wherein the shading rate of the shading net is about 60% and the distance from the ridge surface is 100 cm. The cultivation method for cultivating the pinellia ternata in the high ridging mode can effectively reduce the influence of waterlogging on the growth of the pinellia ternata and guarantee the yield of the pinellia ternata.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting methods, in particular to a high-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata.
Background
Pinellia ternate is a perennial herb medicinal plant of the Araceae family, is used as a medicine by using underground dry tubers, has the effects of eliminating dampness and phlegm, calming the adverse-rising energy and preventing vomiting, relieving distension and fullness and dispersing stagnation and the like, is commonly used for treating cold phlegm and damp phlegm, cough, asthma and excessive phlegm, phlegm and fluid retention and dizzy and palpitation, vomiting and regurgitation, globus hystericus and other diseases, and is a common bulk medicinal material.
Most pinellia ternate which circulates in the market is cultivated, Henan Xi county is a main production area of the Taoism pinellia ternate, and the quality of the pinellia ternate produced in the area is high and is uniformly approved by experts in the line, so that the pinellia ternate is called as the Xixia pinellia ternate. The pinellia ternate is planted in 3 rd-middle ten days of the Henan producing area, and is harvested before being frozen in 11 months in the current year or after being frozen in the second year. The pinellia ternate is used as a medicine by using dry tubers, is fond of a cool and humid growth environment, is afraid of strong light and waterlogging, is planted with high-stalk crops such as corn and the like in an intercropping mode or is shaded by a shading net, so that the withering time in summer is delayed, the effective growth time is prolonged, and the growth and development of the pinellia ternate are facilitated. In summer, the rain and heat are the same in summer, the rainwater is sufficient in 7-9 months, the temperature is high, the stage is a rapid growth stage of the pinellia ternata, the substance accumulation is rapid, and the stage is an important stage for the yield formation, but at the same time, waterlogging easily occurs in the stage, rhizome rot of the pinellia ternata is caused by the waterlogging, plants die, yield reduction is caused by the waterlogging to a slight degree, and serious people can cause failure. Proper cultivation measures are adopted, the influence of waterlogging on the growth and development of the semi-summer is effectively reduced, and the cultivation of the semi-summer is very important.
The planting households mostly adopt a ridging planting method to reduce the influence of waterlogging on the growth of the half-summer in the half-summer planting process, but the labor and the material resources are often saved, the ridging height is often insufficient, the slow-down effect on the waterlogging is not good, the pinellia ternata is waterlogged in a large area in the severe age of the waterlogging damage, and the yield is seriously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a high-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing soil in the last ten days of 3 months, deeply ploughing by 40cm, applying urea (N content is more than or equal to 46%) and calcium superphosphate (P content is more than or equal to 46%) per mu 2 O 5 Content is more than or equal to 19 percent) and potassium sulfate (K) 2 O is more than or equal to 52 percent), 600kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, uniformly raking, leveling, ridging in the planting field, wherein the direction of the ridge is consistent with the direction of the topography, the height of the ridge is 30cm, the distance between the ridge surface and the bottom of the ditch is 60cm, the width of the ridge is 100cm, and the distance between the ridges is 20 cm;
(2) pre-treatment of planting: selecting pinellia tuber with diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as propagation material, soaking in 35 deg.C warm water for one day for accelerating germination two days before planting, soaking in 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution for 5 min for sterilization, taking out, air drying in shade, and planting the next day;
(3)3, planting in the middle ten days of the month, planting on ridges, planting 240kg of seeds per mu, sowing the seeds at a depth of 14cm, and watering after planting;
(4) and (3) spraying mixed liquid of urea and brown sugar in time after the first leaves of the pinellia ternata seedlings are completely unfolded, building a shading net in the planting land, and shading, wherein the shading rate of the shading net is about 60% and the distance from the ridge surface is 100 cm.
The invention is further configured to: in the step (1), the ridge height is 30cm, the ridge surface is 60cm away from the bottom of the ditch, the ridge surface width is 100cm, and the ridge distance is 20 cm.
The invention is further configured to: the mixed liquid of the urea and the brown sugar is specifically 50L of water, 50-120g of urea and 100-300g of brown sugar, and the relative concentration ratio of the urea to the brown sugar is ensured to be 1: 2 to 1: 5, and the total concentration of the urea and the brown sugar is not more than 0.8 percent.
The invention is further configured to: and (3) selecting pinellia tuber with diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as propagation material in the step (2), soaking in warm water at 35 ℃ for one day for accelerating germination two days before planting, and then soaking in 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 5 minutes for sterilization.
The invention is further configured to: in the step (3), the number of tubers used per mu is 240kg, the sowing depth is 14cm, and watering is carried out after planting.
In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the cultivation method for cultivating the pinellia ternata in the high ridging mode can effectively reduce the influence of waterlogging on the growth of the pinellia ternata and ensure the yield of the pinellia ternata;
2. after the first leaf of the plant is completely unfolded, the mixed solution of brown sugar and urea is sprayed on the leaf surface, so that the growth and development of the plant are effectively promoted;
3. and (3) building a shading net in the planting land, and shading, wherein the shading rate of the shading net is about 60%, the distance from the ridge surface is 100cm, and the shading net can shade pinellia tuber plants and is beneficial to the growth of pinellia tuber.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The invention discloses a high-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) preparing soil in the last ten days of 3 months, deeply ploughing by 40cm, applying urea (N content is more than or equal to 46%) and calcium superphosphate (P content is more than or equal to 46%) per mu 2 O 5 Content is more than or equal to 19 percent) and potassium sulfate (K) 2 O is more than or equal to 52 percent), 600kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, uniformly raking, leveling, ridging in the planting field, wherein the direction of the ridge is consistent with the direction of the topography, the height of the ridge is 30cm, the distance between the ridge surface and the bottom of the ditch is 60cm, the width of the ridge is 100cm, and the distance between the ridges is 20 cm;
(2) selecting pinellia tuber with diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as propagation material, soaking in 35 deg.C warm water for one day for accelerating germination two days before planting, soaking in 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution for 5 min for sterilization, taking out, air drying in shade, and planting the next day;
(3)3, planting in middle ten days of the month, planting on ridges, planting 240kg per mu, sowing depth of 14cm, and watering after planting;
(4) and (3) spraying mixed liquid of urea and brown sugar in time after the first leaves of the pinellia ternata seedlings are completely unfolded, building a shading net in the planting land, and shading, wherein the shading rate of the shading net is about 60% and the distance from the ridge surface is 100 cm.
In the step (1), the ridge height is 30cm, the ridge surface is 60cm away from the bottom of the ditch, the ridge surface width is 100cm, and the ridge distance is 20 cm.
The invention is further configured to: the mixed liquid of the urea and the brown sugar is specifically 50L of water, 50-120g of urea and 100-300g of brown sugar, and the relative concentration ratio of the urea to the brown sugar is ensured to be 1: 2 to 1: 5, and the total concentration of the urea and the brown sugar is not more than 0.8 percent.
The invention is further configured to: and (3) selecting pinellia tuber with diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as propagation material in the step (2), soaking in warm water at 35 ℃ for one day for accelerating germination two days before planting, and then soaking in 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 5 minutes for sterilization.
The invention is further configured to: in the step (3), the number of tubers used per mu is 240kg, and the sowing depth is 14 cm.
Example 2
The invention discloses a high-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) preparing soil in the last ten days of 3 months, deeply ploughing by 40cm, applying urea (N content is more than or equal to 46%) and calcium superphosphate (P content is more than or equal to 46%) per mu 2 O 5 Content is more than or equal to 19 percent) and potassium sulfate (K) 2 O is more than or equal to 52 percent), 600kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, uniformly raking, leveling, ridging in the planting field, wherein the direction of the ridge is consistent with the direction of the topography, the height of the ridge is 30cm, the distance between the ridge surface and the bottom of the ditch is 60cm, the width of the ridge is 100cm, and the distance between the ridges is 20 cm;
(2) selecting pinellia tuber with diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as propagation material, soaking in 35 deg.C warm water for one day for accelerating germination two days before planting, soaking in 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution for 5 min for sterilization, taking out, air drying in shade, and planting the next day;
(3)3, planting in the middle ten days of the month, planting on ridges, planting 240kg of seeds per mu, sowing the seeds at a depth of 14cm, and watering after planting;
(4) and (3) spraying mixed liquid of urea and brown sugar in time after the first leaves of the pinellia ternata seedlings are completely unfolded, building a shading net in the planting land, and shading, wherein the shading rate of the shading net is about 60% and the distance from the ridge surface is 100 cm.
In the step (1), the ridge height is 20cm, the ridge surface is 60cm away from the bottom of the ditch, the ridge surface width is 100cm, and the ridge distance is 20 cm.
The invention is further configured to: the mixed liquid of the urea and the brown sugar is specifically 50L of water, 50-120g of urea and 100-300g of brown sugar, and the relative concentration ratio of the urea to the brown sugar is ensured to be 1: 2 to 1: 5, and the total concentration of the urea and the brown sugar is not more than 0.8 percent.
The invention is further configured to: and (3) selecting pinellia tuber with diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as propagation material in the step (2), soaking in warm water at 35 ℃ for one day for accelerating germination two days before planting, and then soaking in 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 5 minutes for sterilization.
The invention is further configured to: in the step (3), the number of tubers used per mu is 240kg, and the sowing depth is 14 cm.
Example 3
The invention discloses a high-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) preparing soil in the last ten days of 3 months, deeply ploughing by 40cm, applying urea (N content is more than or equal to 46%) and calcium superphosphate (P content is more than or equal to 46%) per mu 2 O 5 Content is more than or equal to 19 percent) and potassium sulfate (K) 2 O is more than or equal to 52 percent), 600kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, uniformly raking, leveling, ridging in the planting field, wherein the direction of the ridge is consistent with the direction of the topography, the height of the ridge is 30cm, the distance between the ridge surface and the bottom of the ditch is 60cm, the width of the ridge is 100cm, and the distance between the ridges is 20 cm;
(2) selecting pinellia tuber with diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as propagation material, soaking in 35 deg.C warm water for one or two days for accelerating germination two days before planting, soaking in 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution for 5 min for sterilization, taking out, air drying in shade, and planting the next day;
(3)3, planting in the middle ten days of the month, planting on ridges, planting 240kg of seeds per mu, sowing the seeds at a depth of 14cm, and watering after planting;
(4) and (3) spraying mixed liquid of urea and brown sugar in time after the first leaves of the pinellia ternata seedlings are completely unfolded, building a shading net in the planting land, and shading, wherein the shading rate of the shading net is about 60% and the distance from the ridge surface is 100 cm.
In the step (1), the ridge height is 10cm, the ridge surface is 60cm away from the bottom of the ditch, the ridge surface width is 100cm, and the ridge distance is 20 cm.
The invention is further configured to: the mixed liquid of the urea and the brown sugar is specifically 50L of water, 50-120g of urea and 100-300g of brown sugar, and the relative concentration ratio of the urea to the brown sugar is ensured to be 1: 2 to 1: 5, and the total concentration of the urea and the brown sugar is not more than 0.8 percent.
The invention is further configured to: and (3) selecting pinellia tuber with diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as propagation material in the step (2), soaking in warm water at 35 ℃ for one day for accelerating germination two days before planting, and then soaking in 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 5 minutes for sterilization.
The invention is further configured to: in the step (3), the number of tubers used per mu is 240kg, and the sowing depth is 14 cm.
Example 4
The invention discloses a high-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) preparing soil in the last ten days of 3 months, deeply ploughing by 40cm, applying urea (N content is more than or equal to 46%) and calcium superphosphate (P content is more than or equal to 46%) per mu 2 O 5 Content is more than or equal to 19 percent) and potassium sulfate (K) 2 O is more than or equal to 52 percent), 600kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, uniformly raking, leveling, ridging in the planting field, wherein the direction of the ridge is consistent with the direction of the topography, the height of the ridge is 30cm, the distance between the ridge surface and the bottom of the ditch is 60cm, the width of the ridge is 100cm, and the distance between the ridges is 20 cm;
(2) selecting pinellia tuber with diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as propagation material, soaking in 35 deg.C warm water for one day for accelerating germination two days before planting, soaking in 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution for 5 min for sterilization, taking out, air drying in shade, and planting the next day;
(3)3, planting in the middle ten days of the month, planting on ridges, planting 240kg of seeds per mu, sowing the seeds at a depth of 14cm, and watering after planting;
(4) and (3) spraying mixed liquid of urea and brown sugar in time after the first leaves of the pinellia ternata seedlings are completely unfolded, building a shading net in the planting land, and shading, wherein the shading rate of the shading net is about 60% and the distance from the ridge surface is 100 cm.
In the step (1), the height of the ridge is 0cm, the planting zone is 100cm, and the distance between the planting zones is 20 cm.
The invention is further configured to: the mixed liquid of the urea and the brown sugar is specifically 50L of water, 50-120g of urea and 100-300g of brown sugar, and the relative concentration ratio of the urea to the brown sugar is ensured to be 1: 2 to 1: 5, and the total concentration of the urea and the brown sugar is not more than 0.8 percent.
The invention is further configured to: and (3) selecting pinellia tuber with diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as propagation material in the step (2), soaking in warm water at 35 ℃ for one day for accelerating germination two days before planting, and then soaking in 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 5 minutes for sterilization.
The invention is further configured to: in the step (3), the number of tubers used per mu is 240kg, and the sowing depth is 14 cm.
Examples comparative results:
cultivation method | Yield of the product | Net increase of production |
Ridging 0cm | 338kg | 98kg |
Ridging 10cm | 481kg | 241kg |
Ridging 20cm | 584kg | 344kg |
Ridging 30cm | 706kg | 466kg |
The yield data in the table is the yield data measured by 3-month planting and 11-month initial harvest, the cultivation methods are consistent except for different ridging heights, and are all strip planting, the strip width is 100cm, the spacing is 20cm, shading nets are built among strips, the shading rate of the shading nets is 60%, the shading nets are 100cm away from the ridge surface, and the same field management is carried out in the growth period.
In conclusion, the high-ridging and waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for the pinellia ternata can effectively reduce the influence of waterlogging on the growth of the pinellia ternata and ensure the yield of the pinellia ternata.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The high-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparing soil in the last ten days of 3 months, deeply ploughing by 40cm, applying urea (N content is more than or equal to 46%) and calcium superphosphate (P content is more than or equal to 46%) per mu 2 O 5 Content is more than or equal to 19 percent) and potassium sulfate (K) 2 O is more than or equal to 52 percent), 600kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, uniformly raking, leveling, ridging in the planting field, keeping the direction of the ridges consistent with the direction of the topography, keeping the height of the ridges 30cm, keeping the ridge surface 60cm away from the bottom of the ditch, keeping the ridge width 100cm, and keeping the ridge distance 20 cm;
(2) pre-treatment of planting: selecting pinellia tuber with diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as propagation material, soaking in 35 deg.C warm water for one day for accelerating germination two days before planting, soaking in 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution for 5 min for sterilization, taking out, air drying in shade, and planting the next day;
(3)3, planting in middle ten days of the month, planting on ridges, planting 240kg per mu, sowing depth of 14cm, and watering after planting;
(4) and (3) spraying mixed liquid of urea and brown sugar in time after the first leaves of the pinellia ternata seedlings are completely unfolded, building a shading net in the planting land, and shading, wherein the shading rate of the shading net is about 60% and the distance from the ridge surface is 100 cm.
2. The high-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the ridge height is 30cm, the ridge surface is 60cm away from the bottom of the ditch, the ridge surface width is 100cm, and the ridge distance is 20 cm.
3. The high-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mixed liquid of the urea and the brown sugar is specifically 50L of water, 50-120g of urea and 100-300g of brown sugar, and the relative concentration ratio of the urea to the brown sugar is ensured to be 1: 2 to 1: 5, and the total concentration of the urea and the brown sugar is not more than 0.8 percent.
4. The high-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (3) selecting pinellia ternate small tubers with the diameter of 1cm-1.5cm as a propagation material in the step (2), soaking the pinellia ternate small tubers with warm water at 35 ℃ for one day for accelerating germination two days before planting, then soaking the pinellia ternate small tubers into 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 5 minutes for sterilization, fishing out the pinellia ternate small tubers, airing the surface water in a cool place, and planting the pinellia ternate small tubers on the next day.
5. The high-ridging waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for pinellia ternata as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the number of tubers used per mu is 240kg, the planting depth is 14cm, and watering is carried out after planting.
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KR20200006290A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-01-20 | (주) 911 흙사랑 | Method for Growing Sweet Potato |
CN111657072A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-09-15 | 周口市农业科学院 | Sesame and pinellia ternate intercropping and interplanting method |
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CN101647353A (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2010-02-17 | 王安合 | Method for cultivating codonopsis pilosula |
CN103688696A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-02 | 深圳华大基因科技有限公司 | Planting method for root and stem type traditional Chinese medicinal materials |
CN107864809A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-03 | 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所 | A kind of high yield environmental protection implantation methods of watermelon |
CN108040694A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-18 | 桂阳金盾南方苹果有限公司 | Southern apple is passed the winter safely method |
KR20200006290A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-01-20 | (주) 911 흙사랑 | Method for Growing Sweet Potato |
CN111657072A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-09-15 | 周口市农业科学院 | Sesame and pinellia ternate intercropping and interplanting method |
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