CN114808458A - 拨水树脂、拨水织物及其制造方法 - Google Patents

拨水树脂、拨水织物及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN114808458A
CN114808458A CN202110211511.8A CN202110211511A CN114808458A CN 114808458 A CN114808458 A CN 114808458A CN 202110211511 A CN202110211511 A CN 202110211511A CN 114808458 A CN114808458 A CN 114808458A
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water
thermal process
repellent
fabric
mixture
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许镇守
阮巽雯
林俊宏
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Taiwan Textile Research Institute
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Abstract

一种拨水织物包括基布以及拨水树脂。拨水树脂配置在基布上,其中拨水树脂的制造方法包括以下步骤。进行第一热制程,以混合多元醇、交联剂及胆碱,以形成第一混合物,其中第一热制程的反应温度介于90℃至120℃间。进行第二热制程,以混合第一混合物及拨水剂,以形成拨水树脂,其中拨水剂包括羟基、胺基或其组合,且第二热制程的反应温度介于120℃至150℃间。本揭露的拨水织物可具有良好的拨水性及抗污效果,且于多次洗涤后仍可良好地维持其功能,可广泛地应用于功能性服饰纺织品的领域。

Description

拨水树脂、拨水织物及其制造方法
技术领域
本揭露内容是有关于一种纺织材料,且特别是有关于一种拨水树脂及使用其所制成的拨水织物,以及一种拨水织物的制造方法。
背景技术
随着现今社会生活水准的提升,人们对于功能性纺织品的需求亦越来越高,且随着各种功能性纺织品不断问世,具有特定目的的功能性纺织品的发展亦日趋完善。
在拨水纺织品领域中,目前市面上大多具有拨水效果的纺织品无法具有良好的抗污抑菌效果,且随着穿戴次数的增加,其拨水功能会逐渐退化,无法满足使用者的需求。因此,如何使纺织品兼具良好的拨水及抗污效果,并长期维持其功能仍为纺织业者积极研究的重要课题。
发明内容
根据本揭露一些实施方式,拨水织物包括基布及拨水树脂。拨水树脂配置在基布上,其中拨水树脂的制造方法包括以下步骤。进行第一热制程,以混合多元醇、交联剂及胆碱(choline),以形成第一混合物,其中第一热制程的反应温度介于90℃至120℃间。进行第二热制程,以混合第一混合物及拨水剂,以形成拨水树脂,其中拨水剂包括羟基、胺基或其组合,且第二热制程的反应温度介于120℃至150℃间。
在本揭露一些实施方式中,交联剂包括如式(1)所示的结构单元,
Figure BDA0002951610840000021
其中R1、R2及R3中任两者以上包括如式(2)所示的结构单元,
Figure BDA0002951610840000022
在本揭露一些实施方式中,基布具有交互编织的多条纱线,且拨水树脂包覆每一纱线。
在本揭露一些实施方式中,基布具有至少两层,且拨水树脂配置于基布的两层间。
根据本揭露一些实施方式,拨水织物的制造方法包括以下步骤。进行第一热制程,以混合多元醇、交联剂以及胆碱,以形成第一混合物,其中第一热制程的反应温度介于90℃至120℃间。混合第一混合物及拨水剂,以形成第二混合物,其中拨水剂包括羟基、胺基或其组合。将基布含浸于第二混合物中,使得第二混合物覆盖基布并渗透至基布中。进行第二热制程,使得第二混合物形成拨水树脂,且拨水树脂配置在基布上,其中第二热制程的反应温度介于120℃至150℃间。
在本揭露一些实施方式中,在第一热制程中,交联剂与多元醇及胆碱反应以形成第一混合物。
在本揭露一些实施方式中,进行第一热制程包括以下步骤。进行第一前段热制程,混合多元醇及交联剂,以形成第一前驱物。进行第一后段热制程,以混合胆碱与第一前驱物,以形成第一混合物。
在本揭露一些实施方式中,第一热制程的反应时间介于20分钟至30分钟间,且第二热制程的反应时间介于2分钟至5分钟间。
在本揭露一些实施方式中,拨水树脂是藉由包括以下步骤的制造方法制备而成。进行第一热制程,以混合多元醇、交联剂及胆碱,以形成第一混合物,其中第一热制程的反应温度介于90℃至120℃间。进行第二热制程,以混合第一混合物及拨水剂,以形成拨水树脂,其中拨水剂包括羟基、胺基或其组合,且第二热制程的反应温度介于120℃至150℃间。
在本揭露一些实施方式中,多元醇的重量平均分子量介于60g/mole至400g/mole间。
根据本揭露上述实施方式,本揭露的拨水织物包括基布及拨水树脂,且拨水树脂牢固地配置在基布上,从而提升拨水织物的拨水性、抗污效果以及水洗牢度。在拨水织物的制备过程中,通过调控两段式热制程各自的反应温度,可确保交联剂进行分段式反应,使后续所形成的拨水树脂具有复杂的网状结构,从而牢固地配置在基布上,有利于提升拨水织物的拨水性、抗污效果以及水洗牢度。如此一来,本揭露的拨水织物于多次洗涤后仍可良好地维持其功能,更可广泛地应用于功能性服饰纺织品的领域。
附图说明
为让本揭露的上述和其他目的、特征、优点与实施例能更明显易懂,所附附图的说明如下:
图1绘示根据本揭露一实施方式的拨水织物的制造方法的流程图;
其中,符号说明:
S10~S40:步骤。
具体实施方式
以下将以附图揭露本揭露的多个实施方式,为明确地说明起见,许多实务上的细节将在以下叙述中一并说明。然而,应了解到,这些实务上的细节不应用以限制本揭露。也就是说,在本揭露部分实施方式中,这些实务上的细节是非必要的,因此不应用以限制本揭露。此外,为简化附图起见,一些习知惯用的结构与元件在附图中将以简单示意的方式绘示之。另外,为了便于观看,附图中各元件的尺寸并非依实际比例绘示。
在本文中,有时以键线式(skeleton formula)表示聚合物或基团的结构。这种表示法可省略碳原子、氢原子以及碳氢键。当然,结构式中有明确绘出原子或原子基团的,则以绘示者为准。
本揭露内容提供一种拨水树脂,其可牢固地配置在基布上,以提升以其所制得的拨水织物的拨水性、抗污效果及水洗牢度。相较于习知的拨水织物,本揭露的拨水织物于多次洗涤后仍可良好地维持其拨水性及抗污效果,有效地解决习知的拨水织物的耐水洗性不足及使用寿命短的问题。
图1绘示根据本揭露一实施方式的拨水织物的制造方法的流程图。请参阅图1,拨水织物的制造方法包括步骤S10、S20、S30以及S40。在步骤S10中,进行第一热制程,以形成第一混合物。在步骤S20中,混合第一混合物以及拨水剂,以形成第二混合物。在步骤S30中,将基布含浸于第二混合物中。在步骤S40中,进行第二热制程,以形成拨水树脂以及拨水织物。在以下的叙述中,将进一步说明上述各步骤。
首先,提供多元醇、交联剂及胆碱(choline)。在一些实施方式中,多元醇可例如是聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚丙二醇(PPG)、聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMEG)或其组合。在一些实施方式中,多元醇的重量平均分子量可介于60g/mole至400g/mole间。
在一些实施方式中,交联剂可包括异氰酸酯三聚体(isocyanate trimer)。具体而言,交联剂可包括如式(1)所示的结构单元,
Figure BDA0002951610840000041
在一些实施方式中,交联剂可包括脂肪族异氰酸酯(例如是HDI、TMDI或XDI)三聚体、脂环族异氰酸酯(例如是IPDI、HMDI或HTDI)三聚体、芳香族异氰酸酯(例如是TDI或MDI)三聚体或其组合。在一些实施方式中,异氰酸酯三聚体的至少两末端可具有例如是3,5-二甲基吡唑(DMP)的官能基团。具体而言,在以式(1)表示的交联剂中,R1、R2及R3中任两者以上可包括如式(2)所示的结构单元,
Figure BDA0002951610840000051
在一些实施方式中,胆碱可例如是具有两性离子基团的醇类(胺类)。具体而言,胆碱可包括如式(3)所示的结构单元,
Figure BDA0002951610840000052
其中X-可例如是使胆碱保持中性的抗衡离子,例如Cl-、OH-或酒石酸根。胆碱中所具有的两性离子基团可被保留于后续形成的拨水树脂中,以提供拨水树脂良好的抗污效果。
接着,进行步骤S10,进行第一热制程,以混合多元醇、交联剂以及胆碱,从而形成第一混合物,其中第一热制程的反应温度介于90℃至120℃间。在一些实施方式中,多元醇的使用量可介于0.05至0.35重量份间,交联剂的使用量可介于1至7重量份间,且胆碱的使用量可介于0.05至0.35重量份间。在一些实施方式中,第一热制程的反应时间可介于20分钟至30分钟间,以确保反应进行至一定的程度。在一些实施方式中,进行第一热制程可包括依序进行第一前段热制程以及第一后段热制程。
在一些实施方式中,第一前段热制程的步骤包括混合多元醇及交联剂,以形成第一前驱物。详细而言,在第一前段热制程期间,交联剂可与多元醇反应而形成第一前驱物。在一些实施方式中,第一前段热制程的反应时间可介于10分钟至20分钟间。如前所述,由于在一些实施方式中,多元醇的重量平均分子量可介于60g/mole至400g/mole间,因此可使得后续形成的拨水织物具有良好的拨水性、抗污效果、水洗牢度及柔软度,并可有效降低制造成本。具体而言,若多元醇的重量平均分子量小于60g/mole,可能导致后续所形成的拨水树脂无法牢固地配置于基布上,从而使得拨水织物具有较差的拨水性、抗污效果以及水洗牢度;若多元醇的重量平均分子量大于400g/mole,可能导致拨水织物具有较差的拨水性及较差的柔软度,且容易导致所需的反应时间增加,不利于降低制造成本。
在一些实施方式中,第一后段热制程的步骤包括混合第一前驱物及胆碱,以形成第一混合物。详细而言,在第一后段热制程期间,未反应的交联剂及/或第一前驱物可进一步与多元醇及/或胆碱反应,以形成第一混合物。在一些实施方式中,第一后段热制程的反应时间可介于5分钟至15分钟间。在一些实施方式中,由于多元醇相较于胆碱可具有较大的重量平均分子量,因此优先选择多元醇于第一热制程期间进行反应,可确保反应完全地进行,从而避免未反应完全的多元醇所形成的油状物于后续进一步影响拨水织物的制备。
接着,进行步骤S20,混合第一混合物以及拨水剂,从而形成第二混合物,其中拨水剂包括羟基、胺基或其组合。拨水剂所包括的上述官能基可提升拨水剂于后续热制程期间的反应性,且拨水剂可使得后续所形成的拨水树脂具有良好的拨水性。在一些实施方式中,拨水剂可例如是无氟拨水剂,以提升环境友善性。具体而言,拨水剂可以是P794W(商品名,购自南宝树脂化学工厂股份有限公司)、Rudolf Eco+(商品名,购自Rudolf公司)、HeiQEco-Dry(商品名,购自HeiQ公司)、Bio DWR 2.0(商品名,购自福盈科技化学股份有限公司)或其组合。在一些实施方式中,拨水剂的使用量可介于3重量份至9重量份间。
随后,进行步骤S30,将基布含浸于第二混合物中,使得第二混合物覆盖基布并渗透至基布中,其中基布可包括针织布、梭织布及无纺布等。详细而言,当将基布含浸于第二混合物中时,第二混合物中的各成分可各自附着于每一条纤维或纱线的表面。在一些实施方式中,基布的基底材料可例如是聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)或尼龙(Nylon),以避免基布于后续的热制程中与第二混合物中的各成分进行化学反应。在一些实施方式中,可使用双辊轮对含浸后的基布进行压吸,以去除基布表面多余的第二混合物。
接着,进行步骤S40,进行第二热制程,以形成拨水树脂及拨水织物,其中第二热制程的反应温度介于120℃至150℃间。在一些实施方式中,第二热制程的反应时间可介于2分钟至5分钟间,符合业界的后整理加工制程的条件。详细而言,在第二热制程期间,附着于纱线表面的第二混合物中的各成分可相互反应以彼此交联,从而形成拨水树脂,且拨水树脂可牢固地配置于基布上,从而形成拨水织物。举例而言,第一混合物中的各成分可于第二热制程期间进行交联反应。
在一些实施方式中,拨水织物中的基布具有至少两层。具体而言,基布的层间可以是由纱线或纤维在交织或堆叠后所自然形成的立体空间,且纱线或纤维可相互交织或缠绕于基布的两层间。举例而言,当拨水织物的基布为梭织布时,基布的层间可以是由纬纱将经纱隔开后所形成的立体空间。举另一例而言,当拨水织物的基布为针织布时,基布的层间可以是纱线交织为纱圈后所形成的立体空间。举又一例而言,当拨水织物的基布为无纺布时,基布的层间可以是由纱线(或纤维)堆叠后所产生的间隙。在一些实施方式中,拨水树脂配置于基布的两层间,以牢固地配置在基布上。对此,拨水树脂亦可以包覆在基布的每一条纱线或纤维上,以配置于基布的两层间。
在进行上述步骤S10至S40后,即可得到本揭露的拨水织物,且拨水织物中的拨水树脂牢固地配置于基布上。由于拨水织物中的拨水树脂具有由来自于胆碱的两性离子基团,因此其可具有良好的抗污功能。另一方面,藉由两段式热制程形成的拨水树脂可在基布的纤维或纱线上形成复杂的网状结构,以使得拨水树脂更牢固地配置于基布上。如此一来,可确保所形成的拨水织物具有良好的拨水性、抗污效果及水洗牢度。此外,在本揭露的拨水织物中,来自于胆碱的两性离子基团(亲水性基团)距离拨水织物的表面相对较近,而拨水剂距离拨水织物的表面相对较远,从而使拨水织物具有良好的拨水性及抗污效果。
需特别说明的是,本揭露通过交联剂的选择以及第一热制程与第二热制程各自的反应温度的设置,以确保交联剂以及其于热制程中所产生的衍生物是进行「分段式反应」。详细而言,由于本揭露的交联剂于温度为90℃至120℃时仅部分地反应,而于温度为120℃至150℃时可完全地反应,因此通过分别将第一热制程以及第二热制程的反应温度设置在上述范围中,可确保部分的交联剂被保留于第二热制程期间才开始进行交联反应。藉此,可使得后续形成的拨水树脂具有复杂的网状结构,有利于提升拨水织物的拨水性、抗污效果及水洗牢度。
下文将参照各实施例及比较例,更具体地描述本揭露的特征及功效。应了解到,在不逾越本揭露范畴的情况下,可适当地改变所用材料、其量及比例、处理细节以及处理流程等。因此,不应由下文所述的实施例对本揭露作出限制性的解释。各实施例及比较例中的各成分与含量如表一所示,其中实施例是经由前述步骤S10至S40制备而成,其中第一热制程的反应温度为110℃,且第二热制程的反应温度为130℃。
表一
Figure BDA0002951610840000081
Figure BDA0002951610840000091
注1:括弧内为含量,其单位为重量份
注2:PEG、PPG及PTMEG购自Bayer公司
注3:水性架桥剂购自纺织产业综合研究所
<实验例:织物的拨水性测试及去污测试>
使用AATCC 22标准方法对对各实施例及比较例1进行拨水性测试,并使用AATCC130标准方法对各实施例及比较例1进行去污测试。比较例1至3及实施例1至4经历20次水洗,而比较例4至6及实施例5至7经历50次水洗,并于第20、40、50次水洗后再度进行测试。测试结果如表二所示。
表二
Figure BDA0002951610840000092
Figure BDA0002951610840000101
Figure BDA0002951610840000111
请同时参见表一及表二。由比较例1至3及实施例1至4可以发现,多元醇及胆碱的添加确实有助于提升织物的抗污性,且当胆碱的含量增加而拨水剂的含量减少时,织物可具有较佳的抗污性。由比较例4~6及实施例5~7可以发现,多元醇、交联剂及胆碱的添加确实有助于提升织物的抗污性。另一方面,各实施例经测试皆具有良好的拨水性,也就是说,本揭露的拨水织物不仅可具有良好的拨水性,还可具有良好的抗污性,且在经历多次水洗后仍可具有良好的拨水及抗污表现,成功地克服使用习知的加工助剂所带来的水洗牢度不佳的问题。
根据本揭露上述实施方式,本揭露的拨水织物包括基布以及拨水树脂,且拨水树脂牢固地配置于基布上,从而提升拨水织物的拨水性、抗污效果以及水洗牢度。在拨水织物的制备过程中,通过调控两段式热制程各自的反应温度,可确保交联剂进行分段式反应,使得后续所形成的拨水树脂具有较复杂的网状结构,有利于提升拨水织物的拨水性、抗污效果以及水洗牢度。如此一来,本揭露的拨水织物于多次洗涤后仍可良好地维持其功能,更可广泛地应用于功能性服饰纺织品的领域。
虽然本揭露已以实施方式揭露如上,然其并非用以限定本揭露,任何熟习此技艺者,在不脱离本揭露的精神和范围内,当可作各种的更动与润饰,因此本揭露的保护范围当视后附的申请专利范围所界定者为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种拨水织物,其特征在于,包括:
基布;
拨水树脂,配置在所述基布上,其中所述拨水树脂的制造方法包括:
进行第一热制程,以混合多元醇、交联剂及胆碱,以形成第一混合物,其中所述第一热制程的反应温度介于90℃至120℃间;以及
进行第二热制程,以混合所述第一混合物及拨水剂,以形成所述拨水树脂,其中所述拨水剂包括羟基、胺基或其组合,且所述第二热制程的反应温度介于120℃至150℃间。
2.如权利要求1所述的拨水织物,其中所述交联剂包括如式(1)所示的结构单元,
Figure FDA0002951610830000011
其中R1、R2及R3中任两者以上包括如式(2)所示的结构单元,
Figure FDA0002951610830000012
3.如权利要求1所述的拨水织物,其中所述基布具有交互编织的多条纱线,且所述拨水树脂包覆每一所述纱线。
4.如权利要求1所述的拨水织物,其中所述基布具有至少两层,且所述拨水树脂配置于所述基布的所述两层间。
5.一种拨水织物的制造方法,其特征在于,包括:
进行第一热制程,以混合多元醇、交联剂及胆碱,以形成第一混合物,其中所述第一热制程的反应温度介于90℃至120℃间;
混合所述第一混合物及拨水剂,以形成第二混合物,其中所述拨水剂包括羟基、胺基或其组合;
将基布含浸于所述第二混合物中,使得所述第二混合物覆盖所述基布并渗透至所述基布中;以及
进行第二热制程,使得所述第二混合物形成拨水树脂,且所述拨水树脂配置在所述基布上,其中所述第二热制程的反应温度介于120℃至150℃间。
6.如权利要求5所述的拨水织物的制造方法,其中在所述第一热制程中,所述交联剂与所述多元醇及所述胆碱反应以形成所述第一混合物。
7.如权利要求5所述的拨水织物的制造方法,其中进行所述第一热制程包括:
进行第一前段热制程,以混合所述多元醇及所述交联剂,以形成第一前驱物;以及
进行第一后段热制程,以混合所述胆碱与所述第一前驱物,以形成所述第一混合物。
8.如权利要求5所述的拨水织物的制造方法,其中所述第一热制程的反应时间介于20分钟至30分钟间,且所述第二热制程的反应时间介于2分钟至5分钟间。
9.一种拨水树脂,其特征在于,藉由包括以下步骤的制造方法制备而成:
进行第一热制程,以混合多元醇、交联剂及胆碱,以形成第一混合物,其中所述第一热制程的反应温度介于90℃至120℃间;
进行第二热制程,以混合所述第一混合物及拨水剂,以形成所述拨水树脂,其中所述拨水剂包括羟基、胺基或其组合,且所述第二热制程的反应温度介于120℃至150℃间。
10.如权利要求9所述的拨水树脂,其中所述多元醇的重量平均分子量介于60g/mole至400g/mole间。
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