CN114808190B - 一种高弹阻燃涤纶面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高弹阻燃涤纶面料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- HIDBROSJWZYGSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 HIDBROSJWZYGSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 methyl hydrogen Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 11
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CO)CO YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/07—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making fire- or flame-proof filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/09—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/02—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本申请涉及纺织用品技术领域,具体公开了一种高弹阻燃涤纶面料及其制备方法,一种高弹阻燃涤纶面料,其包括如下重量份的原料:PET切片80‑90份、纤维素纤维15‑20份、纳米三氧化二铝2‑4份、丙三醇6‑9份、PEG‑400 8‑10份和阻燃剂3‑5份;所述阻燃剂包括如下重量份原料:环状磷酸酯20‑30份、改性超细聚磷酸铵5‑10份和季戊四醇1‑3份;所述改性超细聚磷酸铵为疏水改性处理后的超细聚磷酸铵。本申请得到的涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率分别为39%、34%、355N和98.9%,提高了涤纶面料的阻燃性和弹性。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及纺织用品领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种高弹阻燃涤纶面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
涤纶是聚酯纤维,其是由有机二元酸和二元醇缩聚而成的聚酯,经纺丝和后处理所得的合成纤维。涤纶的强度高、模量高、吸水性低,主要应用于民用织物及工业用织物。涤纶面料的极限氧指数仅为20-22%,其阻燃性较差,且在燃烧时能够形成熔融滴落物,导致火焰的传播和二次伤害。因此,提高涤纶面料的阻燃性能,是涤纶面料发展中非常有必要的。
相关技术中,阻燃涤纶面料主要是在后整理的上柔过程中添加阻燃助剂,该助剂附着在纤维表面,在织物燃烧情况下吸收燃烧域中的热量,稀释和隔离空气,从而阻止燃烧,但由于阻燃主机附着在纤维表面,多次洗涤助剂就会被洗褪,涤纶面料的阻燃性能就会减弱。
发明内容
为了提高涤纶面料的阻燃性,本申请提供了一种高弹阻燃涤纶面料及其制备方法。
第一方面,本申请提供一种高弹阻燃涤纶面料,其采用如下技术方案:
一种高弹阻燃涤纶面料,其包括如下重量份的原料:PET切片80-90份、纤维素纤维15-20份、纳米三氧化二铝2-4份、丙三醇6-9份、PEG-400 8-10份和阻燃剂3-5份;所述阻燃剂包括如下重量份原料:环状磷酸酯20-30份、改性超细聚磷酸铵5-10份和季戊四醇1-3份;所述改性超细聚磷酸铵为疏水改性处理后的超细聚磷酸铵。
本申请涤纶面料原料可选用PET切片80-90份、纤维素纤维15-20份、纳米三氧化二铝2-4份、丙三醇6-9份、PEG-400 8-10份和阻燃剂3-5份,涤纶面料的各性能效果可预期,且当PET切片85份、纤维素纤维18份、纳米三氧化二铝3份、丙三醇7.5份、PEG-2000 9份和阻燃剂4份时,效果最佳。
通过采用上述技术方案,采用PET切片作为涤纶面料的主要原料,其表面光滑有光泽,具有优良的物理机械性能,电绝缘性优良,耐疲劳性、耐摩擦性和尺寸稳定性较高,保证了涤纶面料的产品质量。
纤维素纤维是利用棉短绒、木材、竹子、甘蔗渣、芦苇等天然物质,通过一定的工艺处理方法对其纤维素分子重塑而得。加入纤维素纤维,使涤纶面料具有良好的透气型,手感柔顺,且纤维素纤维的吸湿性较强,更容易上色,上色纯正且色牢度好。
纳米三氧化二铝加入,可提高涤纶纤维的抗紫外性能。丙三醇加入具有润湿、吸湿和防皱缩的作用,防止涤纶面料皱缩变形。PEG-400作为抗静电剂和柔软剂加入,具有良好的润湿性、抗静电、柔软和平滑性能,提高涤纶面料抗静电作用和手感。
阻燃剂中环状磷酸酯为高粘度透明液体,具有较高的热稳定性和优良耐水性,由于P-C键的存在,其化学稳定性强,阻燃性能够持久。改性超细聚磷酸铵中的磷酸可以覆盖在聚合物表面,隔绝空气,防止聚合物燃烧,含磷量和含氮量较高,且存在磷氮协同效应,具有较高的阻燃性能,其pH值近中性,可与环状磷酸酯和季戊四醇复配,提高涤纶面料的阻燃性。加入季戊四醇,可提高成炭稳定性,增强涤纶面料的阻燃效果。环状磷酸酯、聚磷酸铵和季戊四醇复配,具有阻燃高效率、低烟、低毒等优点。
作为优选:一种高弹阻燃涤纶面料,其包括如下重量份的原料:PET切片84-88份、纤维素纤维17-19份、纳米三氧化二铝2.5-3.5份、丙三醇7-8份、PEG-2000 8.5-9.5份和阻燃剂3.5-4.5份。
作为优选:所述阻燃剂还包括如下重量份的原料:氢氧化铝3-7份、三氧化二锑1-3份。
通过采用上述技术方案,加入氢氧化铝裂解产生的氧化铝可增强催化炭化能力,提高织物背面碳骨架强度,封闭可燃性气体的喷发,提高阻燃效果。同时,适量的氢氧化铝封闭了阻燃剂的吸湿基团,且增加了膜的交联度,提高涤纶面料的手感。三氧化二锑作为阻燃辅助剂加入,具有协效阻燃以及辅助抗熔滴的作用。
作为优选:所述改性超细聚磷酸铵的改性具体操作步骤为:在50-60℃条件下在超细聚磷酸铵中加入甲基含氢硅油,搅拌均匀,继续加热至100-110℃,加入疏水二氧化硅,搅拌均匀,冷却干燥,得到改性超细聚磷酸铵;
所述超细聚磷酸铵、甲基含氢硅油和疏水二氧化硅的重量份配比为1:(2-3):(8-10)。
通过采用上述方案,甲基含氢硅油侧基含有大量的高反应活性的氢原子,存在分子间的氢键作用,分子相互易接近,甲基内聚能密度小,具有良好的斥水性,采用其包覆超细聚磷酸铵,使超细聚磷酸铵具有疏水性能,选用疏水二氧化硅与甲基含氢硅油包覆的超细聚磷酸铵混合,疏水二氧化硅表面存在醇羟基,在甲基含氢硅油发生脱氢反应键合,疏水二氧化硅会与甲基含氢硅油发生脱氢反应,填补甲基含氢硅油包覆的超细聚磷酸铵表面的空隙,提高超细聚磷酸铵的疏水型。
作为优选:所述阻燃剂中还包括5-10重量份的N-苯基马来酰亚胺和10-20重量份的单硬脂酸甘油酯。
通过采用上述技术方案,N-苯基马来酰亚胺可使涤纶面料在受热时产生智能自交联,提高涤纶面料的抗熔滴性,与单硬脂酸甘油酯复配加入,可提高N-苯基马来酰亚胺在涤纶面料原料体系中的分散均匀度,进一步提高N-苯基马来酰亚胺的抗熔滴性,防止在燃烧时能够形成熔融滴落物,减少火焰的传播和二次伤害的情况发生。
作为优选:所述N-苯基马来酰亚胺与单硬脂酸甘油酯的重量份配比为1:(2-3)。
通过采用上述技术方案,调节N-苯基马来酰亚胺与单硬脂酸甘油酯重量份配比,可进一步提高N-苯基马来酰亚胺在涤纶面料原料体系中的分散均匀度,从而提高N-苯基马来酰亚胺的抗熔滴性。
作为优选:所述高弹阻燃涤纶面料还包括如下重量份的原料:PTT纤维10-20份。
通过采用上述技术方案,PTT纤维弹性较高,还具有易于染色、手感柔软和防污性能的特点,提高涤纶面料的弹性。
第二方面,本申请提供一种上述任一项高弹阻燃涤纶面料的制备方法,具体通过以下技术方案得以实现:
一种高弹阻燃涤纶面料的制备方法,其包括以下操作步骤:
将高弹阻燃涤纶面料各原料混合,采用熔融纺丝法进行纺丝,得到涤纶纤维;
涤纶纤维按料比1:(20-30)放入纤维开孔液中,升温至120℃保温30min,漂洗,纺织成纺纱线,染整,得到高弹阻燃涤纶面料;所述纤维开孔液为浓度15%的氢氧化钠水溶液,减量率为10-11%。
综上所述,本申请包括以下至少一种有益技术效果:
(1)本申请通过控制涤纶面料各原料的种类和掺量,使涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率分别为34%、29%、326N和97.8%,提高了涤纶面料的阻燃性和弹性。
(2)本申请通过在阻燃剂原料中加入氢氧化铝和三氧化二锑,并调节两者掺量,使涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率分别为37%、31%、341N和98.1%,进一步提高涤纶面料的阻燃性。
(3)本申请通过在阻燃剂原料中加入N-苯基马来酰亚胺与单硬脂酸甘油酯,并调节二者重量份配比,使涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率分别为39%、33%、348N和98.5%,提高了涤纶面料的阻燃性。
(4)本申请通过在涤纶面料原料中加入PTT纤维,使涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率分别为39%、34%、355N和98.9%,提高了涤纶面料的弹性。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
本申请中的如下各原料均为市售产品,均为使本申请的各原料得以公开充分,不应当理解为对原料的来源产生限制作用。具体为:PET切片,货号为AL-558467457077;纤维素纤维,尺寸2-3mm;纳米三氧化二铝,粒径为50nm;环状磷酸酯,150000MAX(25℃);超细聚磷酸铵,粒径为200nm;甲基含氢硅油,有效物质含量为99.5%;疏水二氧化硅,粒径为20nm;N-苯基马来酰亚胺,有效物质含量为90%;单硬脂酸甘油酯,货号为JSCW20201125;PTT纤维,牌号1161。
以下为阻燃剂的制备例
制备例1
制备例1的阻燃剂,通过如下方法制备得到:
在50-60℃条件下,在0.8kg的超细聚磷酸铵中加入2kg甲基含氢硅油,搅拌均匀,继续加热至100℃,加入7.2kg疏水二氧化硅,搅拌均匀,冷却干燥,得到改性超细聚磷酸铵,备用;
按照表1的掺量,将改性超细聚磷酸铵与环状磷酸酯和季戊四醇混合,搅拌均匀,得到阻燃剂。
制备例2-7
制备例2-7的阻燃剂与实施例1的制备方法及原料种类完全相同,区别在于各原料掺量不同,具体详见表1所示。
表1制备例1-7阻燃剂的各原料掺量(单位:kg)
制备例8-12
制备例8-12的阻燃剂与实施例6的制备方法及原料掺量完全相同,区别在于阻燃剂中还添加了氢氧化铝和三氧化二锑,具体掺量详见表2所示。
表2制备例8-12阻燃剂的各原料掺量(单位:kg)
原料 | 制备例8 | 制备例9 | 制备例10 | 制备例11 | 制备例12 |
环状磷酸酯 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
改性超细聚磷酸铵 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
季戊四醇 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
氢氧化铝 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 5 |
三氧化二锑 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
制备例13-16
制备例13-16的阻燃剂与实施例6的制备方法及原料掺量完全相同,区别在于阻燃剂中还添加了N-苯基马来酰亚胺和单硬脂酸甘油酯,具体掺量详见表3所示。
表3制备例13-16阻燃剂的各原料掺量(单位:kg)
原料 | 制备例13 | 制备例14 | 制备例15 | 制备例16 |
环状磷酸酯 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
改性超细聚磷酸铵 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
季戊四醇 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
N-苯基马来酰亚胺 | 5 | 8 | 5 | 10 |
单硬脂酸甘油酯 | 10 | 20 | 15 | 10 |
制备例17
制备例17的阻燃剂与实施例14的制备方法及原料掺量完全相同,区别在于阻燃剂中还添加了5kg氢氧化铝和2kg三氧化二锑,其余原料种类与实施例14完全相同。
实施例1
实施例1的涤纶面料,其通过如下操作步骤制备得到:
按照表4的掺量,将PET切片、纤维素纤维、纳米三氧化二铝、丙三醇、PEG-400和制备例1制备的阻燃剂混合,采用熔融纺丝法进行纺丝,得到涤纶纤维;
涤纶纤维按料比1:25放入纤维开孔液中,升温至120℃保温30min,漂洗,纺织成纺纱线,染整,得到高弹阻燃涤纶面料;所述纤维开孔液为浓度15%的氢氧化钠水溶液,减量率为10%。
实施例2-3
实施例2-3的涤纶纤维与实施例2的制备方法及原料种类完全相同,区别在于各原料掺量,具体详见表4所示。
表4实施例1-3的涤纶纤维的各原料掺量(单位:kg)
原料 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 |
PET切片 | 85 | 85 | 85 |
纤维素纤维 | 18 | 18 | 18 |
纳米三氧化二铝 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
丙三醇 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
PEG-400 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
阻燃剂 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
实施例4-20
实施例4-20的涤纶纤维与实施例2的制备方法及原料掺量完全相同,区别在于阻燃剂分别选用制备例2-17制备得到的阻燃剂,其余原料种类与实施例2完全相同。
实施例21-23
实施例21-23的涤纶纤维与实施例19的制备方法及原料掺量完全相同,区别在于涤纶纤维原料中还包括15kg的PTT纤维,其余原料种类与实施例2完全相同。
对比例1
对比例1的涤纶纤维与实施例1的制备方法完全相同,区别在于:将涤纶纤维原料中的阻燃剂等量替换为硫代磷酸酯无卤环保阻燃剂,型号为RZ-NLD,其余原料及掺量与实施例1相同。
对比例2
对比例2的涤纶纤维与实施例1的制备方法完全相同,区别在于:所述涤纶纤维原料中的阻燃剂原料中未添加改性超细磷酸聚酯,其余原料及掺量与实施例1相同。
对比例3
对比例3的涤纶纤维与实施例1的制备方法完全相同,区别在于:将涤纶纤维原料中的阻燃剂原料中的改性超细磷酸聚酯等量替换为聚磷酸酯,粒径为3mm,其余原料及掺量与实施例1相同。
对比例4
对比例4的涤纶纤维与实施例1的制备方法完全相同,区别在于:将涤纶纤维原料中的阻燃剂原料中的改性超细磷酸聚酯等量替换为超细聚磷酸酯,其余原料及掺量与实施例1相同。
对比例5
对比例5的涤纶纤维与实施例1的制备方法完全相同,区别在于:在涤纶纤维原料中的阻燃剂原料中未添加季戊四醇,其余原料及掺量与实施例1相同。
对比例6
对比例6的涤纶纤维与实施例1的制备方法完全相同,区别在于:在涤纶纤维原料中的阻燃剂原料中未添加环状磷酸酯,其余原料及掺量与实施例1相同。
性能检测
采用如下检测标准或方法分别对不同的实施例1-23和对比例1-6进行性能检测,检测结果详见表5所示。
极限氧指数:按照GB/T 5454-1997《纺织品燃烧性能试验氧指数法》对涤纶面料进行极限氧指数的检测。
残炭量:采用残炭测定仪检测涤纶面料的残炭量。
顶破强力:按照GB/T 19976-2005《纺织品顶破强力的测定钢球法》对涤纶面料进行110g/m2顶破强力的检测。
回弹率:按照FZ/T 70006-2004《针织物拉伸弹性回复率试验方法》对涤纶面料进行回弹率的检测。
表5不同涤纶面料的性能检测结果
由表5的检测结果表明,本申请得到的涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率最高分别为29%、33%、312N和98.5%,在保证涤纶面料基本强度的情况下,提高了涤纶面料的阻燃性和弹性。
实施例1-3中,实施例2涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率分别为30%、26%、315N和96.8%,高于实施例1和实施例3,表明实施例2涤纶面料中的阻燃剂掺量较为合适,可能与环状磷酸酯、聚磷酸铵和季戊四醇复配,具有阻燃高效率、低烟、低毒等优点有关。
实施例4-6中,实施例5涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率分别为32%、27%、320N和97.0%,高于实施例4和实施例6,表明实施例5涤纶面料阻燃剂中环状磷酸酯掺量较为合适,可能与环状磷酸酯具有较高的热稳定性和优良耐水性,由于P-C键的存在,其化学稳定性强有关。
实施例7-10中,实施例9涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率分别为34%、29%、326N和97.8%,高于实施例7-8和实施例10,表明实施例9涤纶面料阻燃剂中改性超细聚磷酸钠和季戊四醇掺量较为合适,可能与改性超细聚磷酸铵中的磷酸可以覆盖在聚合物表面,隔绝空气,防止聚合物燃烧,含磷量和含氮量较高,且存在磷氮协同效应,季戊四醇可提高成炭稳定性有关。
实施例11-15中,实施例14涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率分别为37%、31%、341N和98.1%,高于实施例11-13和实施例15,表明实施例14涤纶面料阻燃剂中氢氧化铝和三氧化二锑掺量较为合适,可能与加入氢氧化铝裂解产生的氧化铝可增强催化炭化能力,提高织物背面碳骨架强度,封闭可燃性气体的喷发,提高阻燃效果,三氧化二锑作为阻燃辅助剂加入,具有协效阻燃以及辅助抗熔滴的作用有关。
实施例16-19中,实施例17涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率分别为38%、32%、345N和98.4%,高于实施例16和实施例18-19,表明实施例17涤纶面料阻燃剂中当N-苯基马来酰亚胺与单硬脂酸甘油酯的重量份配比为1:2.5时较为合适,可能与N-苯基马来酰亚胺可使涤纶面料在受热时产生智能自交联,提高涤纶面料的抗熔滴性,与单硬脂酸甘油酯复配加入,可提高N-苯基马来酰亚胺在涤纶面料原料体系中的分散均匀度有关。
结合实施例20和实施例17涤纶面料的性能检测数据发现,实施例20涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率分别为39%、33%、348N和98.5%,高于实施例20,表明在阻燃剂原料的基础上同时加入改性超细聚磷酸钠、季戊四醇、氢氧化铝和三氧化二锑,提高了涤纶面料的阻燃效果。
实施例21-23中,实施例22涤纶面料的极限氧指数、残炭量、顶破强力和回弹率分别为39%、34%、355N和98.9%,高于实施例21和实施例23,表明实施例22涤纶面料中加入PTT纤维,可提高涤纶纤维的回弹率,可能与PTT纤维弹性较高,还具有易于染色、手感柔软和防污性能的特点,提高涤纶面料的弹性有关。
另外,结合对比例1-6和实施例1涤纶面料的各项指标数据发现,本申请在涤纶纤维原料中加入阻燃剂,以及阻燃剂的配方,均可不同程度的提高涤纶面料的阻燃性。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释,其并不是对本申请的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (3)
1.一种高弹阻燃涤纶面料,其特征在于,其包括如下重量份的原料:PET切片80-90份、纤维素纤维15-20份、纳米三氧化二铝2-4份、丙三醇6-9份、PEG-400 8-10份、阻燃剂3-5份和PTT纤维10-20份;所述阻燃剂包括如下重量份原料:环状磷酸酯20-30份、改性超细聚磷酸铵5-10份和季戊四醇1-3份;所述改性超细聚磷酸铵为疏水改性处理后的超细聚磷酸铵;
所述阻燃剂还包括如下重量份的原料:氢氧化铝3-7份、三氧化二锑1-3份;所述阻燃剂中还包括5-10重量份的N-苯基马来酰亚胺和10-20重量份的单硬脂酸甘油酯;
所述改性超细聚磷酸铵的改性具体操作步骤为:在50-60℃条件下,在超细聚磷酸铵中加入甲基含氢硅油,搅拌均匀,继续加热至100-110℃,加入疏水二氧化硅,搅拌均匀,冷却干燥,得到改性超细聚磷酸铵;
所述超细聚磷酸铵、甲基含氢硅油和疏水二氧化硅的重量份配比为1:(2-3):(8-10);
所述高弹阻燃涤纶面料的制备方法包括以下操作步骤:
将高弹阻燃涤纶面料各原料混合,采用熔融纺丝法进行纺丝,得到涤纶纤维;
涤纶纤维按料比1:(20-30)放入纤维开孔液中,升温至120℃保温30min,漂洗,纺织成纺纱线,染整,得到高弹阻燃涤纶面料;所述纤维开孔液为浓度15%的氢氧化钠水溶液,减量率为10-11%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高弹阻燃涤纶面料,其特征在于,其包括如下重量份的原料:PET切片84-88份、纤维素纤维17-19份、纳米三氧化二铝2.5-3.5份、丙三醇7-8份、PEG-4008.5-9.5份和阻燃剂3.5-4.5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高弹阻燃涤纶面料,其特征在于:所述N-苯基马来酰亚胺与单硬脂酸甘油酯的重量份配比为1:(2-3)。
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