CN114788477A - Stropharia rugosoannulata culture medium and preparation method and culture method thereof - Google Patents
Stropharia rugosoannulata culture medium and preparation method and culture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114788477A CN114788477A CN202210347093.XA CN202210347093A CN114788477A CN 114788477 A CN114788477 A CN 114788477A CN 202210347093 A CN202210347093 A CN 202210347093A CN 114788477 A CN114788477 A CN 114788477A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
Abstract
The invention discloses a stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, a preparation method and a culture method thereof, wherein the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of rape straw, 15-25 parts of highland barley straw, 5-15 parts of bran, 10-40 parts of dry cow dung, 0.5-1 part of baking soda, 1-2 parts of light calcium carbonate, 2.5-5 parts of EM strain and 55-75 parts of water. According to the invention, the culture medium is treated by anaerobic fermentation, so that the adverse effect of mixed bacteria is eliminated, the culture medium is sealed and placed in the fermentation process, no waste is discharged, water replenishing and pile turning are not needed, the operation is simple and convenient, and environment-friendly and green production is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation, in particular to a stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation medium, a preparation method and a cultivation method thereof.
Background
Stropharia rugosoannulata, also known as tricholoma matsutake, rugoso annulata, wine stropharia rugoso-annulata and the like, is a rare fungus product with commercial potential artificially developed in recent years, is known as 'new fungus in the fungus', is rich in nutrition, crisp and tender in taste and strong in delicate flavor, has the effects of preventing coronary heart disease, helping digestion, relieving mental fatigue and the like, can degrade certain harmful substances in soil and waste water, is one of important organisms for environmental protection and environmental pollution remediation, has strong adaptability due to the fungus, is easy to cultivate, and can be developed as a new protein resource.
At present, the stropharia rugoso-annulata mainly takes corn straws, corncobs and the like as main culture raw materials, the stropharia rugoso-annulata is planted after being subjected to stacking, high-temperature aerobic fermentation and decomposition, the planting method needs to turn over piles for many times in the process of processing compost, replenish water, the compost must be used immediately after fermentation is completed and cannot be stored, the technical requirement is high, the cultivation method is not easy to master, if one link in the process of fermenting the compost is not well controlled, the yield can be directly reduced, the yield is unstable, the planting risk is high, the resource utilization rate is low, and a certain amount of disinfectant such as insecticide and clarithromycin is required to be added in the fermentation process to prevent insects and mildew, so that the pesticide residue of the product is beyond the standard. Therefore, a new stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation medium is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, a preparation method thereof and a culture method thereof, so as to solve the problems of complex preparation and low mushroom yield of the existing stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of rape straw, 15-25 parts of highland barley straw, 5-15 parts of bran, 10-40 parts of dry cow dung, 0.5-1 part of baking soda, 1-2 parts of light calcium, 2.5-5 parts of EM strain and 55-75 parts of water.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, rape straws are used as a main raw material, organic matters in the rape straws are degraded to provide main nutritional ingredients for the growth of the stropharia rugoso-annulata, and bran, dry cow dung, baking soda and light calcium which are scientifically proportioned are added as auxiliary materials, so that sufficient microelements, amino acid nutrients and inorganic elements are supplemented for a culture medium, and the auxiliary materials can cooperate with the rape straws to provide sufficient nutrition for the growth of the stropharia rugoso-annulata. In the growth process of the stropharia rugoso-annulata, the requirement on ventilation is high, the air ventilation performance of the culture medium is improved by adding the highland barley straws, so that the ventilation performance is enhanced, the yield can be effectively improved, the EM bacteria effectively decompose hard substances of the rape straws through the growth of dominant microorganisms, and metabolites generated by the growth of the dominant bacteria can also play a role in degrading miscellaneous bacteria. The stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation medium can meet the nutritional requirements of the stropharia rugoso-annulata in different growth stages, can promote the growth of the stropharia rugoso-annulata, has thick growth of stropharia rugoso-annulata mycelia, large mushroom bodies and high yield, and can improve the nutritional value of the stropharia rugoso-annulata.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows:
further, the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of rape straw, 20 parts of highland barley straw, 10 parts of bran, 30 parts of dried cow dung, 0.5 part of baking soda, 1 part of light calcium carbonate, 4.5 parts of EM strain and 65 parts of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the raw materials, and performing anaerobic fermentation at 50-65 ℃ for 20-90 days to obtain the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the culture medium is treated by anaerobic fermentation, on one hand, the fermentation process of anaerobic treatment is enhanced by using EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria, the hard substances of rape straws are effectively decomposed by the growth of dominant microorganisms, and metabolites generated by the growth of the dominant bacteria can also play a role in degrading the miscellaneous bacteria, no harmful substances for removing the miscellaneous bacteria are added in the process, so that the nutrient components in the culture medium are effectively ensured, and the stropharia rugoso-annulata planted by using the culture medium treated by the method can produce high-quality and pollution-free products; on the other hand, the anaerobic fermentation mode utilizes the microbial decomposition process to naturally heat up, further eliminates the influence of mixed bacteria in the raw materials in the high-temperature process of maintaining for a long time, does not need additional heating in the process, and can reduce energy waste. In addition, the culture medium is sealed and placed in the fermentation process in the anaerobic fermentation mode, no waste is discharged, water supplementing and pile turning are not needed, the operation is simple and convenient, environment-friendly green production is realized, the sealed state is continuously kept after the natural fermentation is finished, and the Stropharia rugosoannulata culture medium can be stored for more than two years and is not deteriorated.
Further, after uniformly mixing the raw materials, carrying out anaerobic fermentation for 80 days at the temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium.
Further, adding brown sugar and water into EM strain before mixing, fermenting at 22-35 deg.C for 12-36 hr, and mixing with other raw materials; wherein the mass ratio of the EM strain to the brown sugar to the water is 1: 0.8-1.2: 18-22.
Further, adding brown sugar and water into EM strain before mixing the raw materials, fermenting for 15h at 25 ℃, and then mixing with other raw materials; wherein the mass ratio of the EM strain to the brown sugar to the water is 1: 1: 20.
the invention also provides a cultivation method of stropharia rugoso-annulata, and the stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation medium is adopted as a medium for cultivating stropharia rugoso-annulata.
Further, the cultivation method of the stropharia rugoso-annulata comprises the following steps:
(1) adjusting the pH value of the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium to 6.5-9.5 by using lime;
(2) ditching on the ground, scattering quicklime at the bottom of the ditch, then fully spreading the ditch with a pH-adjusted stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, then implanting stropharia rugoso-annulata strains into the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, finally covering with a mulching film, and culturing for 35-45d under the conditions that the temperature is 15-28 ℃ and the ventilation is performed for 2-5 times every day;
(3) after the hypha fully grows up the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, the mulching film is lifted, a layer of covering soil material with the thickness of 2-3cm is laid, then the mulching film is covered, the bud is promoted by illumination for 15-20 days under the conditions that the temperature is 15-28 ℃ and the humidity is 80-95%, and the harvest is carried out 10-15 days after the bud is formed.
Further, the culture conditions after the plastic film mulching in the step (2) are as follows: the temperature was 18 ℃ and 3 times daily aeration was carried out.
Further, the conditions of the irradiation for bud promotion in the step (3) are as follows: the temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 90 percent.
Further, the casing material in the step (3) is prepared by the following method: mixing soil and water, and adjusting pH to 6.5-10 with lime; wherein the mass fraction of water in the mixture formed by mixing the soil and the water is 50-60%.
Further, the casing material in the step (3) is prepared by the following method: mixing soil and water, and adjusting pH to 7 with lime; wherein the mass fraction of water in the mixture formed by mixing the soil and the water is 55 percent.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts rape straws, highland barley straws, bran, dry cow dung and the like as main raw materials of the culture medium, has wide sources and low cost, realizes reutilization of waste materials, can effectively reduce production cost and realizes maximization of benefits.
2. According to the invention, the stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation medium is treated by anaerobic fermentation, the adverse effect of mixed bacteria is eliminated, the cultivation materials are sealed and placed in the fermentation process, no waste is discharged, water supplementing and pile turning are not needed, the operation is simple and convenient, environment-friendly and green production is realized, and the shelf life of the prepared stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation medium is more than two years.
3. The yield of the stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivated by the method is obvious, and the stropharia rugoso-annulata is large in size, thick in meat, high in quality, fast in fruiting, long in fruiting time and has obvious advantages.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1:
the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of rape straw, 20 parts of highland barley straw, 10 parts of bran, 30 parts of dry cow dung, 0.75 part of baking soda, 1.5 parts of light calcium, 4.5 parts of EM strain and 65 parts of water, wherein before mixing the raw materials, brown sugar and water are added into the EM strain, the mixture is fermented for 15 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃, and then the mixture is mixed with other raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of the EM strain, the brown sugar and the water is 1: 1: 20.
a preparation method of a stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials uniformly, filling the mixture into a sealed container, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 80 days at the temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium.
A cultivation method of stropharia rugoso-annulata comprises the following steps:
(1) adjusting the pH value of the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium to 7 by utilizing lime;
(2) digging a ditch with the width of 80cm and the depth of 20cm on the ground, scattering a small amount of quicklime at the bottom of the ditch, then fully paving the ditch with a culture medium for stropharia rugosoannulata after the pH value is adjusted, dividing stropharia rugosoannulata strains into a plurality of small blocks, uniformly implanting the small blocks into the culture medium for the stropharia rugosoannulata, finally covering with a mulching film, pressing the periphery of the mulching film with soil, and culturing for 37d under the conditions that the temperature is 18 ℃ and the mulching film is lifted for 3 times every day;
(3) after the hypha is full of the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, lifting the mulching film, laying a layer of 2cm of soil covering material, then covering the mulching film, illuminating for 18d for bud promotion under the conditions of the temperature of 18 ℃ and the humidity of 90%, and harvesting for 13d after bud emergence; the casing material is prepared by the following method: mixing soil and water (the mass fraction of water in the mixture is 55%), and adjusting the pH value to 7 by using lime.
Example 2:
the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of rape straw, 20 parts of highland barley straw, 10 parts of bran, 30 parts of dry cow dung, 1 part of baking soda, 1.5 parts of light calcium carbonate, 5 parts of EM (effective microorganism) strain and 70 parts of water, wherein the brown sugar and the water are added into the EM strain before the raw materials are mixed, the fermentation is carried out for 15 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃, and then the fermentation is mixed with other raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of the EM strain to the brown sugar to the water is 1: 1: 20.
a preparation method of a stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials uniformly, filling the mixture into a sealed container, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 80 days at the temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium.
A cultivation method of stropharia rugoso-annulata comprises the following steps:
(1) adjusting the pH value of the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium to 9 by using lime;
(2) digging a ditch with the width of 80cm and the depth of 20cm on the ground, scattering a small amount of quicklime at the bottom of the ditch, then fully paving the ditch with a culture medium for stropharia rugosoannulata after the pH value is adjusted, dividing stropharia rugosoannulata strains into a plurality of small blocks, uniformly implanting the small blocks into the culture medium for the stropharia rugosoannulata, finally covering with a mulching film, pressing the periphery of the mulching film with soil, and culturing for 36d under the conditions that the temperature is 20 ℃ and the mulching film is lifted for 3 times every day;
(3) after the hypha fully grows over the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, lifting a mulching film, laying a layer of 2.5cm covering soil material, then covering the mulching film, performing bud promotion under the conditions of 20 ℃ of temperature and 85% of humidity for 17 days, and harvesting 12 days after buds appear; the casing material is prepared by the following method: mixing soil and water (the mass fraction of water in the formed mixture is 56%), and adjusting the pH value to 9 by using lime to prepare the soil-base composite material.
Example 3:
the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of rape straw, 18 parts of highland barley straw, 13 parts of bran, 35 parts of dry cow dung, 1 part of baking soda, 1.3 parts of light calcium, 3 parts of EM (effective microorganism) strain and 60 parts of water, wherein the brown sugar and the water are added into the EM strain before the raw materials are mixed, the fermentation is carried out for 14 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃, and then the fermentation is mixed with other raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of the EM strain to the brown sugar to the water is 1: 1: 20.
a preparation method of a stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials uniformly, filling the mixture into a sealed container, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 80 days at the temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium.
A cultivation method of stropharia rugoso-annulata comprises the following steps:
(1) adjusting the pH value of the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium to 8 by utilizing lime;
(2) digging a ditch with the width of 80cm and the depth of 20cm on the ground, scattering a small amount of quicklime at the bottom of the ditch, then fully paving the ditch with a large stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation substrate after the pH value is adjusted, dividing large stropharia rugoso-annulata strains into a plurality of small blocks, uniformly implanting the small stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation substrate into the small stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation substrate, finally covering with a mulching film, pressing the mulching film with soil around the small stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation substrate, and culturing for 35.5d under the conditions that the temperature is 25 ℃ and the mulching film is opened every day for ventilation for 4 times;
(3) after the hypha is full of the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, lifting the mulching film, laying a layer of 2.5cm of soil covering material, then covering the mulching film, performing bud promotion by illuminating for 16d under the conditions that the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 84%, and harvesting 11d after bud emergence; the casing material is prepared by the following method: mixing soil and water (the mass fraction of water in the formed mixture is 58%), and adjusting the pH value to 8 by using lime to prepare the soil-water mixing agent.
Example 4:
the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of rape straw, 15 parts of highland barley straw, 5 parts of bran, 10 parts of dry cow dung, 0.5 part of baking soda, 1 part of light calcium, 2.5 parts of EM (effective microorganism) strain and 55 parts of water, wherein before mixing the raw materials, brown sugar and water are added into the EM strain, the mixture is fermented for 36 hours at the temperature of 22 ℃, and then the mixture is mixed with other raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of the EM strain to the brown sugar to the water is 1: 0.8: 18.
a preparation method of a stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials uniformly, filling the mixture into a sealed container, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 90 days at the temperature of 50 ℃ to prepare the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium.
A cultivation method of stropharia rugoso-annulata comprises the following steps:
(1) adjusting the pH value of the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium to 6.5 by using lime;
(2) digging a ditch with the width of 80cm and the depth of 20cm on the ground, scattering a small amount of quicklime at the bottom of the ditch, then fully spreading the ditch with a culture medium for stropharia rugoso-annulata after the pH value is adjusted, dividing stropharia rugoso-annulata strains into a plurality of small blocks, uniformly implanting the small blocks into the culture medium for stropharia rugoso-annulata, finally covering the small blocks with mulching films, pressing the mulching films with soil on the periphery, and culturing for 45d under the conditions that the temperature is 15 ℃, the mulching films are opened every day and ventilated for 2 times;
(3) after the hypha fully grows over the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, lifting a mulching film, laying a layer of 3cm covering soil material, then covering the mulching film, performing bud promotion by illumination for 20 days under the conditions of 15 ℃ and 95% humidity, and harvesting 15 days after bud emergence; the soil covering material is prepared by the following method: mixing soil and water (the mass fraction of water in the mixture is 50%), and adjusting pH to 6.5 with lime.
Example 5:
the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of rape straw, 25 parts of highland barley straw, 15 parts of bran, 40 parts of dry cow dung, 1 part of baking soda, 2 parts of light calcium, 5 parts of EM (effective microorganism) strain and 75 parts of water, wherein before mixing the raw materials, brown sugar and water are added into the EM strain, the mixture is fermented for 12 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃ and then mixed with other raw materials, and the mass ratio of the EM strain to the brown sugar to the water is 1: 1.2: 22.
a preparation method of a stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following steps: the raw materials are uniformly mixed and then are put into a sealed container, and anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 20 days at the temperature of 65 ℃ to prepare the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium.
A cultivation method of stropharia rugoso-annulata comprises the following steps:
(1) adjusting the pH value of the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium to 9.5 by using lime;
(2) digging a ditch with the width of 80cm and the depth of 20cm on the ground, scattering a small amount of quicklime at the bottom of the ditch, then fully paving the ditch with a culture medium for stropharia rugosoannulata after the pH value is adjusted, dividing stropharia rugosoannulata strains into a plurality of small blocks, uniformly implanting the small blocks into the culture medium for the stropharia rugosoannulata, finally covering with a mulching film, pressing the periphery of the mulching film with soil, and culturing for 35d under the conditions that the temperature is 28 ℃, the mulching film is lifted and ventilated for 5 times every day;
(3) after the hypha fully grows over the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, lifting a mulching film, laying a layer of 3cm covering soil material, then covering the mulching film, performing bud promotion by illumination for 15 days under the conditions that the temperature is 28 ℃ and the humidity is 80%, and harvesting 10 days after buds appear; the soil covering material is prepared by the following method: mixing soil and water (the mass fraction of water in the mixture is 60%), and adjusting the pH value to 10 by using lime. Comparative example 1:
the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of corn straw, 20 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of bran, 0.75 part of baking soda, 1.5 parts of light calcium carbonate, 4.5 parts of EM strain and 65 parts of water.
A method for cultivating Stropharia rugoso-annulata comprises growing mycelia for 22 days, promoting bud growth for 8 days, and growing the Stropharia rugoso-annulata for 10 days.
The rest is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2:
the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of rape straws, 20 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of bran, 0.75 part of baking soda, 1.5 parts of light calcium carbonate, 4.5 parts of EM (effective microorganism) strains and 65 parts of water.
A cultivation method of Stropharia rugosoannulata comprises 20 days for full growth of hypha, 8 days for bud promotion, and 7 days for growth of Stropharia rugosoannulata.
The rest of the process was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3:
the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of rape straws, 20 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of bran, 30 parts of dry cow dung, 0.75 part of baking soda, 1.5 parts of light calcium carbonate and 65 parts of water.
A method for cultivating Stropharia rugoso-annulata comprises growing mycelia for 22 days, promoting bud growth for 8 days, and growing the Agaricus campestris for 8 days.
The rest is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4:
the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of highland barley straw, 10 parts of bran, 30 parts of dry cow dung, 0.75 part of baking soda, 1.5 parts of light calcium carbonate, 4.5 parts of EM strain and 65 parts of water.
A cultivation method of Stropharia rugoso-annulata comprises 20 days for full growth of mycelia, 7 days for bud promotion, and 8 days for growth of the Stropharia rugoso-annulata.
The rest of the process was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5:
a preparation method of a stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials uniformly, and performing aerobic fermentation on the compost to obtain the fertilizer.
A cultivation method of Stropharia rugosoannulata comprises 20 days for full growth of hypha, 5 days for bud promotion, and 5 days for growth of Stropharia rugosoannulata.
The rest of the process was the same as in example 1.
Test examples
Firstly, the fruiting time, the yield and the appearance of the stropharia rugoso-annulata obtained in the examples 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-5 are compared (the cap diameter and the handle length of the stropharia rugoso-annulata are respectively larger than or equal to 5cm, the cap diameter or the handle length of the stropharia rugoso-annulata is smaller than 5cm, the cap thickness of the stropharia rugoso-annulata is larger than or equal to 5cm, the cap thickness of the stropharia rugoso-annulata is smaller than 5cm, the table 1 shows that, and as a result, the table 1 shows that when the stropharia rugoso-annulata is cultivated by using the stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation substrate of the invention, higher yield can be obtained, and the stropharia rugoso-annulata has the advantages that the method is simple in operation, the invention can be used for cultivating, the high quality, the yield can be fast for cultivating the stropharia rugoso-annulata with high quality and the yield can be eliminated, the advantages can be obviously.
TABLE 1 fruiting time, shape and yield of Stropharia rugosoannulata
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of rape straw, 15-25 parts of highland barley straw, 5-15 parts of bran, 10-40 parts of dry cow dung, 0.5-1 part of baking soda, 1-2 parts of light calcium carbonate, 2.5-5 parts of EM strain and 55-75 parts of water.
2. The stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium according to claim 1, characterized in that the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of rape straw, 20 parts of highland barley straw, 10 parts of bran, 30 parts of dry cow dung, 0.5 part of baking soda, 1 part of light calcium carbonate, 4.5 parts of EM strain and 65 parts of water.
3. The method for preparing a stropharia rugoso-annulata culture substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of: uniformly mixing the raw materials, and performing anaerobic fermentation at 50-65 ℃ for 20-90 days to obtain the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium.
4. The method for preparing a Stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation substrate according to claim 3, wherein the fermentation temperature is 60 ℃ and the anaerobic fermentation time is 80 days.
5. The method for preparing a Stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that before mixing the raw materials, brown sugar and water are added into EM strain, fermentation is carried out for 12-36h at 22-35 ℃, and then the raw materials are mixed; wherein the mass ratio of the EM strain to the brown sugar to the water is 1: 0.8-1.2: 18-22.
6. A method for cultivating Stropharia rugoso-annulata, characterized in that the Stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is used as a substrate for cultivating Stropharia rugoso-annulata.
7. The method for cultivating Stropharia rugoso-annulata according to claim 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) adjusting the pH value of the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium to 6.5-9.5 by using lime;
(2) ditching on the ground, scattering quicklime at the bottom of the ditch, then fully spreading the ditch with a pH-adjusted stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, then implanting stropharia rugoso-annulata strains into the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, finally covering with a mulching film, and culturing for 35-45d under the conditions that the temperature is 15-28 ℃ and the ventilation is performed for 2-5 times every day;
(3) after the hypha fully grows up the stropharia rugoso-annulata culture medium, the mulching film is lifted, a layer of covering soil material with the thickness of 2-3cm is laid, then the mulching film is covered, the bud is promoted by illumination for 15-20 days under the conditions that the temperature is 15-28 ℃ and the humidity is 80-95%, and the harvest is carried out 10-15 days after the bud is formed.
8. The cultivation method of Stropharia rugosoannulata according to claim 7, wherein the cultivation conditions after plastic film mulching in step (2) are: the temperature was 18 ℃ and aeration was carried out 3 times per day.
9. The cultivation method of Stropharia rugosoannulata according to claim 7, wherein the conditions of photo-induced budding in step (3) are: the temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 90 percent.
10. The method for cultivating Stropharia rugoso-annulata according to claim 7, wherein the casing material in the step (3) is prepared by: mixing soil and water, and adjusting pH to 6.5-10 with lime to obtain the final product; wherein the mass fraction of water in a mixture formed by mixing soil and water is 50-60%.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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