CN114711071A - Micro-ridge film-covering drought-resisting and grass-controlling cultivation method for day lily - Google Patents
Micro-ridge film-covering drought-resisting and grass-controlling cultivation method for day lily Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-ridge film-covering drought-resisting grass-controlling cultivation method for day lily, which comprises the following steps of (1) selecting proper conditions of soil, illumination and temperature; (2) selecting varieties and seedlings and processing the seedlings; (3) determining planting time and density; (4) managing the field; (5) and (6) harvesting. By adopting the technical scheme, the inter-row micro-ridge film covering technology for the day lily can reduce the loss of land market conditions caused by drought in spring to the maximum extent, ensure the growth of day lily seedlings in spring, further ensure the bud setting and bud shedding prevention of the day lily in the later period, and lay a foundation for increasing yield and income. Under the early spring drought condition, limited rainfall can flow to the furrow through the micro-ridges of the film, and is fully absorbed and utilized by the day lily to the maximum extent, so that the day lily inter-row micro-ridge film covering technology has the advantages of drought resistance, water saving and ground temperature improvement, can effectively relieve loss such as bud shedding and the like caused by drought in the drought and rain-less years and seasons, and realizes yield reduction or no yield reduction in disaster years.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a micro-ridge film-covering drought-resisting and grass-controlling cultivation method for day lily.
Background
At present, the day lily centralized and continuous standardized cultivation mode is a current main push mode (a planting mode with a row spacing of 1-1.2 meters), but the mode has the problems of high difficulty in weed control and severe land exposure, and needs a proper cultivation or relay intercropping mode to solve.
In addition, the problems of early spring freezing injury, drought and water shortage, weed control and the like in day lily main production areas such as Shanxi, Ningxia and Gansu Qingyang are always the main bottleneck problems of centralized one-piece standardized cultivation and planting modes.
Therefore, the cultivation method for drought resisting and grass controlling of the day lily by micro-ridge film covering is invented under the concentrated and continuous standardized cultivation mode, and the problems can be well solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a method for cultivating day lily by micro-ridge film-covering drought-resisting and grass-controlling cultivation comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of micro-ridge black film, film side furrows and hole sowing of the day lily seedlings, wherein the black film is coated among the hole sowing day lily rows, and the micro-ridge black film, the film side furrows and the hole sowing day lily seedlings form a day lily micro-ridge film-coating cultivation structure, and mainly comprises the following cultivation methods:
(1) selecting proper soil, illumination and temperature conditions, requiring non-sticky soil such as loam, surface loam, sandy loam and the like, leading the cultivated layer to reach 30-60 cm, leading the pH value to be between 6.5 and 7.5, leading the water storage and fertilizer retention capacity to be strong, leading the terrain to be flat, leading the soil texture to be loose, being convenient for irrigation and drainage, leading the humus to be rich and having good air permeability, leading the soil fertility to reach 1-2 grade, leading the content of organic matters to be more than or equal to 1 percent, leading the illumination requirement to have direct sunlight irradiation time of more than 2200h all year around, leading the production temperature of the day lily to be-40 ℃, leading the activity accumulated temperature of more than 5 ℃ to be more than 2200 ℃, and leading the annual average temperature to be 8 ℃ to be less than 22 ℃;
(2) selecting varieties and seedlings and processing the seedlings;
(3) determining the planting time and density, wherein the planting time can be planted from spring to before frost, and two optimum planting seasons are provided, wherein one is thawing from the beginning of spring land to before bolting of daylily, and the other is from the end of picking of flower buds to before frost in autumn; planting density adopts two modes of multi-plant equal-row cluster planting or single-plant strip planting, wherein the row spacing is 100 plus one square meter for 120cm, the hole spacing is 40cm, 1650 clusters/667 square meter, 2-4 plants are planted in each cluster, and 3300-6600 plants/667 square meter are planted;
(4) in the field management, the film is changed in the middle period, after the daylily is planted and used every two years, the black mulching film can be damaged or can not be continuously utilized due to aging, the black mulching film can be subjected to innocent treatment after the film is removed before frost fall in winter, the black mulching film is prepared and deeply turned by using small mechanical equipment such as a soil loosening weeder, a micro rotary cultivator and the like, and the film is covered again in the second year so as to ensure the implementation effect;
(5) harvesting, wherein the harvesting period of the day lily is generally 30-65d, picking in advance and picking in different peaks are carried out, when flower buds grow up fully, bud is just ready, the middle part of the flower buds are yellow and bright in color, two ends of the flower buds are yellowish green, the flower buds are picked when being pinched by hands and have elasticity, the picking quality 2 hours before the flower buds split into mouths is optimal, the picking is generally carried out before 12:00 sunny days, mature flower buds are picked up along with flower stalks, and then the flower buds are spread out and dried in the air.
Further, the step (2) comprises variety selection, seedling selection and seedling treatment.
Furthermore, in 4 months of the year, ridging is performed on the furrows by manpower or a ridging machine in the field, the two sides are required to be about 10cm, the middle is 15-20cm, the late rainfall can flow to the two sides of the ridging, and a micro-ridge black film with the width of 150 plus and the thickness of more than 0.01mm is covered by the manpower or the ridging film covering machine.
Compared with the prior art, the method for cultivating the daylily by micro-ridge film-covering drought-resisting and grass-controlling effectively solves the problems in the prior art, and has the following advantages:
(1) the day lily inter-row micro-ridge film covering technology can reduce the loss of land market conditions caused by drought in spring to the maximum extent, ensure the growth of day lily seedlings in spring, further ensure the bud setting and bud shedding prevention of day lily in later period, and lay a foundation for increasing yield and income.
(2) In the day lily planting area of the arid and semi-arid region, the day lily inter-row micro-ridge film covering technology can ensure that limited rainfall can flow to a furrow through the micro-ridges of the film covering under the early spring and arid condition, and the limited rainfall can be fully absorbed and utilized by the day lily to the maximum extent, so that the day lily planting area has the advantages of drought resistance, water saving and ground temperature improvement, can effectively relieve loss such as bud shedding and the like caused by drought in the years and seasons with little rain and realizes low yield or no yield reduction in disaster years.
(3) The micro-ridge film covering among the rows of the day lily can effectively improve the ground temperature by 0.5-2.0 ℃ in the cold stage of early spring climate, on one hand, the peak staggering and early maturing of the day lily (3-7 days) is promoted, and the early marketing is realized (the conflict between day lily harvesting and summer harvesting is avoided); on the other hand, the loss of freezing injury caused by cold spring in early spring and late spring is avoided.
(4) The technology is based on standardized planting with the width of 100 plus 120cm, is beneficial to manual and mechanical operation of day lily picking period after 3 years, and black films are coated among day lily rows, so that weeds among the day lily rows can be effectively controlled, particularly in day lily main production areas such as Shanxi university and Gansu Qingyang, the problem of difficulty in weeding is solved, the cost of the added film is lower than the cost of artificial weeding, and is equivalent to the cost of chemical weeding, but the technology has the advantages of being green and reducing pesticide residues.
(4) Through field test research, compared with a conventional non-film covering mode, the technology has the advantages that the growth vigor of plants, the leaf area, the bud length (the bud increases by 0.4-0.8cm), bud loss prevention and the like are greatly improved, the yield per mu is increased by 5-15%, and the yield and the quality are favorably improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of hole sowing of daylily in the invention.
Wherein, A is a micro-ridge black film, B is a film side furrow, and C is a hole sowing yellow flower seedling.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Soil, light and temperature conditions
Non-sticky soil such as loam, flour loam and sandy loam is required. The thickness of the plough layer reaches 30-60 cm, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, the water and fertilizer storage capacity is strong, the terrain is flat, the soil quality is loose, the irrigation and drainage are convenient, the humus is abundant, and the air permeability is good. The soil fertility reaches 1-2 grade, and the content of organic matters is more than or equal to 1 percent.
The illumination requires that the direct sunlight irradiation time all year round is more than 2200 h. The production temperature of the day lily is-40 ℃, the activity accumulated temperature of more than 5 ℃ is more than 2200 ℃, and the annual average temperature is less than 8 ℃ and less than 22 ℃.
(II) variety, seedling selection and treatment
1. Variety selection: the varieties are divided into fresh vegetable varieties and dried vegetable varieties. The flower bud is emerald green in color and luster, and the variety with less crude fiber is suitable for being used as a fresh edible vegetable variety. Most common varieties can be eaten fresh and can be used for processing dried vegetables.
2. Seedling selection: the seedling can be selected from bud block seedling, tillering seedling and seed seedling. The seedling quality requires that the seedling leaves are more than 20cm long, the rhizome is more than 1cm thick, the fleshy roots are more than 6, the seedling grows strongly and is free from diseases, insects and mites.
3. Seedling treatment: the part without fleshy roots at the lower part of the rhizome is broken off, and rotten and residual roots are removed. And cutting short fleshy roots and reserving for 3-6 cm. Cutting the seedling leaves at the upper part of the rhizomes to 5-7 cm, removing old and dead brown leaves, spraying 3% hymexazol aqua and 80% ethylicin 750-1500 times liquid to the roots and roots of the leaves of the seedlings by a sprayer, spraying 65% mancozeb 500 times liquid and imidacloprid or acetamiprid (the amount of the liquid is added according to 3000 times) again when the surfaces of the seedlings do not show water-wet state, and airing. The treated seedlings must be planted immediately.
(III) planting time and Density
1. Planting time: it can be planted from spring to frost. The most suitable planting seasons are two: firstly, unfreezing from the spring-beginning land to before bolting of day lily; and secondly, buds in autumn are picked before frost.
2. Planting density: adopts two modes of multi-plant equal-row cluster planting or single-plant strip planting. The row spacing is 100 plus 120cm (the row spacing is suitable for mechanical cultivation, and the row spacing can also be determined by adding 70cm to the width of mechanical cultivation), the hole spacing is 40cm, 1650 clusters per 667 square meters, 2-4 plants per cluster, 3300-6600 plants per 667 square meters.
(IV) field management
1. Watering: the area with the irrigation condition ensures the water content of the soil within 30cm in four key periods, and timely replenishes water when the water content is insufficient. Before bolting, the water content of 30cm soil is preferably 13-15% and cannot be lower than 9%; in the early bolting stage, the water content of the soil is preferably 12-13% and cannot be lower than 10%; in the harvesting period, the water content of the soil is preferably 16-18% and cannot be lower than 10%; after harvesting, the water content is preferably 10-12%.
2. Fertilizing: and (4) according to the flower bud differentiation rule of the day lily, performing additional application of the fertilizer in four periods. The fertilizing method is that the furrowing and strip application or hole application is carried out along the rows at the positions 15cm away from the two sides of the plant cluster, the depth is 10cm, and soil covering is carried out.
Firstly, applying enough winter fertilizer (applying high-quality thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure of 5000kg/667 square meter or more and applying appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in coordination); secondly, applying a seedling fertilizer (commercial organic fertilizer 40-60 kg/667 square meter, decomposed farmyard manure 1000-1500 kg/667 square meter); thirdly, applying the bolting fertilizer repeatedly (applying the bolting fertilizer twice, and applying decomposed farmyard manure 1000-1500 kg/667 square meters or urea 5-10 kg/667 square meters and calcium superphosphate 10kg/667 square meters every time); and fourthly, applying a bud fertilizer (5-8 kg of urea per 667 square meters, watering and applying the square meters, or spraying 0.5-1% of urea solution and 1% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaf surfaces until water drops on the leaf surfaces are about to drop). During fertilization, decomposed farmyard manure, commercial organic fertilizer and trace element fertilizer are increased according to the condition, a small amount of fertilizer can be used (the fertilizer must meet the NY/T394-2013 requirement), balanced fertilization and fertilizer efficiency enhancement are achieved, and the absorption utilization rate of the daylily is improved. During the growth process of the day lily, the total amount of N, P, K is not less than 40kg per 667 square meter per year. N, P, K the best proportion is 2: 1:
3. intertillage weeding
For a centralized and continuous standardized planting mode, in 1-2 years, the micro-ridge film-mulching cultivation of the day lily only needs 1-2 years before the harvest stage every year, the grass beside the seedling is subjected to manual weeding (traditional farm tools such as a hoe and the like are used) or special herbicide weeding for the day lily (200 g of glyphosate plus 20 g of quizalofop-p-ethyl is selected before 3 months of the germination of the day lily every year, 1 year cannot exceed 3 times, and when the height of the weeds is 10cm, a bowl cover is arranged on a spray head and close to weed spraying, so that the herbicide is not sprayed onto the day lily leaves), and the times are not less than 3 times per year. Weeding and loosening soil are carried out when spring seedling fertilizer is applied for the first time. Weeding and loosening the soil are carried out after the second day lily harvesting is finished. And thirdly, after cutting leaves, fertilizing and ridging the day lily plants in combination with intertillage weeding.
4. Middle-term film replacement
In the planting process of the day lily, after the day lily is used every two years, the black mulching film can be damaged or can not be continuously utilized due to aging, the soil can be prepared and deeply turned by using small mechanical equipment such as a soil loosening weeder, a micro rotary cultivator and the like before frost fall in winter and after the film is removed (harmless treatment is carried out), and the film is coated again in the second year to ensure the implementation effect.
5. Ridging
And (3) cutting off old leaves when the daylily leaves are about to wither after the daylily is harvested in the full-production period, and ridging for 2cm around the daylily plant bundle by combining with winter fertilizer application. Young plants are not earthed up.
6. Pest control
(1) The main diseases of the day lily include leaf spot, stem rot, root rot, rust disease and leaf blight.
The leaf spot is prevented and treated by spraying 500 times of 50 percent thiophanate methyl colloidal suspension, or 500 times of 50 percent carbendazim wettable powder, or 500 times of 80 percent mancozeb wettable powder, and the spraying is carried out for 1 time at intervals of 7 days and 2-3 times continuously. At the initial stage of stem rot disease, 80% mancozeb wettable powder 800 times liquid, or 25% triadimefon wettable powder 2000 times liquid, or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times liquid is used for irrigating roots and drenching scuttles, and plants with heavier disease are dug up with roots and burned. The plant ash of 15kg/hm2 for root rot is added with 7.5kg of quicklime to be uniformly mixed, the mixture is scattered on the stem and leaves of the plant to have good control effect when the dew is not dry in the morning, and the plant with serious disease is removed and burnt. 80% mancozeb wettable powder 500 ^ 600 times liquid or 95% sodium diquat wettable powder 250^ -300 times liquid can be used for preventing and treating rust at the initial stage of the onset of rust, and the wettable powder is sprayed for 1 time at intervals of 7d and continuously sprayed for 2-3 times. The leaf blight is prevented and treated by spraying 500 times of liquid of 50 percent carbendazim wettable powder. The medicine application is stopped 7 days before harvesting.
(2) The daylily insect pests mainly include aphids, toads and wireworms.
The aphid is sprayed and controlled by 800-fold liquid diluted by 40 percent rotenone original drug or 800-1500-fold liquid of 40 percent dimethoate missible oil. The toad, the golden insect and the like are evenly mixed with 80kg of fine soil according to 1kg/hm2 of 90 percent dipterex raw powder, shallow trenches are arranged around the plants, and then the shallow trenches are covered with soil to fill the trenches. The medicine application is stopped 7 days before harvesting.
When the pesticide is used for preventing and controlling diseases, insects and mites, various effective non-chemical prevention and control means are adopted, and the using amount of the pesticide is reduced. When the pesticide is really needed, low-risk pesticides such as biological sources and mineral sources are preferred, and the pesticide is applied according to the NY/T393-2013 green food pesticide application rule strictly.
In addition, the measures of selecting disease-resistant varieties, properly increasing the row spacing, reducing the soil humidity, frequently hoeing weeds, timely digging out diseased plants for burning, hanging yellow pest sticking boards and the like can be combined for use, so that the damage and the spread of plant diseases and insect pests are reduced.
(V) harvesting
The harvesting period of the day lily is generally 30-65 days. Harvesting when the flower bud grows fully, bud is ready to be released, the middle part of the flower bud is yellow and bright, two ends of the flower bud are light yellow and green, and the flower bud is elastic when being pinched by hands, and the quality of the flower bud is the best when the flower bud is picked 2 hours before the flower bud is cracked. Picking is generally carried out before 12:00 sunny days, mature buds are picked by aligning with pedicels, attention is paid to not damage the immature buds, the buds are picked while being mature, the picked buds are steamed as soon as possible, and then are spread and dried.
The technical characteristics and advantages of the invention are as follows:
(1) the daylily is planted according to the standardized width of 100-120cm, which is beneficial to manual and mechanical operation of the daylily picking period after 3 years.
(2) The inter-row micro-ridge film covering of the day lily can ensure that limited rainfall can flow to the ridge ditch through the micro-ridge film covering under the early spring arid condition and is fully utilized by the day lily in the later period of day lily production areas, particularly day lily main production areas such as Qingyang highland in the longdong arid regions in the arid and semi-arid regions.
(3) The black film is coated between the daylily rows, so that weeds among the daylily rows can be effectively controlled, and particularly, the problem of difficulty in weeding in daylily major production areas such as Shanxi Datong and Gansu Qingyang is solved.
(4) The micro-ridge film covering among the rows of the day lily can effectively relieve loss such as bud falling caused by drought in the drought and rainy years and realize yield reduction or no yield reduction in disaster years.
(5) The micro-ridge film covering among the rows of the day lily can also effectively improve the ground temperature by 0.5-2.0 ℃ in the cold weather stage in early spring, on one hand, the peak staggering and early maturing of the day lily is promoted (for 3-7 days), and the early selling is realized; on the other hand, the loss of freezing injury caused by cold spring in early spring and late spring is avoided.
(6) The micro-ridge film covering among the rows of the daylily realizes the growth and increase of flower buds (the flower buds grow by 0.4-0.8cm) by effectively utilizing rainfall and improving the ground temperature, and improves the yield and the quality.
As a further elaboration of the invention, in 4 months of the year, ridge forming is carried out manually or by a ridger in the field, the two sides are required to be about 10cm, and the middle is 15-20cm, so that late rainfall can flow to the two sides of ridge forming. Covering a black mulching film with the width of 120-.
As a further elaboration of the invention, high-quality day lily seedlings are carefully selected, the day lily seedlings are transplanted according to the plant spacing of 40-60cm in the furrows of two rows of film-covered ridges in a period with better business conditions, the conditioned areas can be watered or supplemented with water according to the seedlings, soil is timely filled to ensure the survival rate, and after survival, other cultivation management modes are the same as that of common cultivation in the field.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above, and the description is not intended to be limiting, and the drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, those skilled in the art should be able to conceive of the present invention without creative design of the similar structural modes and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such modifications should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for cultivating day lily by micro-ridge film-covering, drought resisting and grass controlling is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of micro-ridge black film, film side furrows and hole sowing of the day lily seedlings, wherein the black film is coated among the hole sowing day lily rows, and the micro-ridge black film, the film side furrows and the hole sowing day lily seedlings form a day lily micro-ridge film-coating cultivation structure, and mainly comprises the following cultivation methods:
(1) selecting proper soil, illumination and temperature conditions, requiring non-sticky soil such as loam, surface loam, sandy loam and the like, enabling a cultivated layer to reach 30-60 cm, enabling a pH value to be 6.5-7.5, being strong in water and fertilizer retention capacity, flat in terrain, loose in soil, convenient to drain and irrigate, rich in humus and good in air permeability, enabling soil fertility to reach 1-2 grade, enabling the content of organic matters to be more than or equal to 1%, enabling illumination requirements to require that direct sunlight irradiation time is more than 2200h all year round, enabling the production temperature of day lily to be-40 ℃, enabling the temperature of more than 5 ℃ to be over 2200 ℃, and enabling the annual average temperature to be 8 ℃ and less than 22 ℃;
(2) selecting varieties and seedlings and processing the seedlings;
(3) determining the planting time and density, wherein the planting time can be planted from spring to before frost, and two optimum planting seasons are provided, wherein one is thawing from the beginning of spring land to before bolting of daylily, and the other is from the end of picking of flower buds to before frost in autumn; planting density adopts two modes of multi-plant equal-row cluster planting or single-plant strip planting, wherein the row spacing is 100 plus one square meter for 120cm, the hole spacing is 40cm, 1650 clusters/667 square meter, 2-4 plants are planted in each cluster, and 3300-6600 plants/667 square meter are planted;
(4) in the field management, the film is changed in the middle period, after the daylily is planted and used every two years, the black mulching film can be damaged or can not be continuously utilized due to aging, the black mulching film can be subjected to innocent treatment after the film is removed before frost fall in winter, the black mulching film is prepared and deeply turned by using small mechanical equipment such as a soil loosening weeder, a micro rotary cultivator and the like, and the film is covered again in the second year so as to ensure the implementation effect;
(5) harvesting, wherein the harvesting period of the day lily is generally 30-65d, picking in advance and picking in different peaks are carried out, when flower buds grow up fully, bud is just ready, the middle part of the flower buds are yellow and bright in color, two ends of the flower buds are yellowish green, the flower buds are picked when being pinched by hands and have elasticity, the picking quality 2 hours before the flower buds split into mouths is optimal, the picking is generally carried out before 12:00 sunny days, mature flower buds are picked up along with flower stalks, and then the flower buds are spread out and dried in the air.
2. The method for micro-ridge film-mulching drought-resisting and grass-controlling cultivation of day lily according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the step (2) comprises variety selection, seedling selection and seedling treatment.
3. The micro-ridge film-covering drought-resisting and grass-controlling cultivation method for day lily according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) ridging the furrows in 4 months in the year by using a field manual or ridging machine, wherein the thickness of the furrows is required to be about 10cm at two sides and 15-20cm in the middle, the rainfall at the later stage can flow to the two sides of the ridging, and a micro-ridge black film with the width of 150 plus materials and the thickness of more than 0.01mm is covered by the manual or ridging film covering machine.
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