CN114631597A - Apple pomace conversion treatment method - Google Patents

Apple pomace conversion treatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114631597A
CN114631597A CN202210357459.1A CN202210357459A CN114631597A CN 114631597 A CN114631597 A CN 114631597A CN 202210357459 A CN202210357459 A CN 202210357459A CN 114631597 A CN114631597 A CN 114631597A
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apple pomace
treatment method
larvae
enteromorpha
apple
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CN202210357459.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张大鹏
周家杨
迟晓君
刘玉升
印展
李艳
肖凌云
周立婷
朱典君
孙德光
张建
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Qingdao Jimaoyuan Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University
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Qingdao Jimaoyuan Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University
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Priority to CN202210357459.1A priority Critical patent/CN114631597A/en
Publication of CN114631597A publication Critical patent/CN114631597A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/26Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/90Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Birds (AREA)
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  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological cycle agriculture, and particularly relates to an apple pomace conversion treatment method. The apple pomace conversion treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: (1) crushing the apple pomace; (2) spreading the crushed apple pomace; (3) fermenting the spread apple pomace; (4) inoculating yellow meal worm larva in the breeding box; (5) carrying out larval stage management on the bred tenebrio molitor larvae; (6) and harvesting the yellow mealworm aged larvae, drying or reserving for breeding seed sources. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the apple pomace is completely transformed by utilizing the flour weevil abdominal transformation treatment, and the transformation period is short. Meanwhile, by utilizing the advantages of the yellow mealworm, the excrement and sand is rich in nutritional ingredients and comprehensive in bioactive substances, and can be converted into organic fertilizers and pet feeds, so that efficient conversion is realized, the utilization rate of apple pomace is improved, the environmental pressure is reduced, and sustainable development is promoted.

Description

Apple pomace conversion treatment method
(I) the technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological cycle agriculture, and particularly relates to an apple pomace conversion treatment method.
(II) background of the invention
China is a world production area with the largest apple planting area and annual yield, and a large amount of by-products, namely apple pomace, can be generated in the apple processing process, particularly the apple condensed juice processing process, and accounts for about 25% of the total amount of raw materials. As far as 2020, the annual production of apple pomace in the merely concentrated apple juice industry in China reaches 120 ten thousand tons. At present, the main treatment technologies of apple pomace are as follows: 1. preparing an organic fertilizer; 2. for extracting pectin; 3. and (4) preparing animal feed. However, because the above-mentioned treatment method has the problems of high conversion cost, difficult sale of converted products and the like, and is difficult to industrialize, the utilization rate of the apple pomace is only about 20%, 80% of the apple pomace is discarded because the apple pomace cannot be utilized, the water content of the apple pomace is high, and the apple pomace is easy to rot and deteriorate under the combined action of microorganisms in the apple pomace and microorganisms in the environment, generates acid odor, and causes serious resource waste and environmental pollution.
Disclosure of the invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the apple pomace conversion treatment method, which can completely convert the apple pomace, has short conversion period, realizes high-speed and high-efficiency conversion of the apple pomace, and has the utilization rate of 100 percent.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an apple pomace conversion treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the apple pomace;
(2) spreading the crushed apple pomace;
(3) fermenting the spread apple pomace;
(4) inoculating yellow mealworm larvae in the breeding box;
(5) carrying out larval stage management on the bred tenebrio molitor larvae;
(6) and harvesting the yellow mealworm aged larvae, drying or reserving for breeding seed sources.
Preferably, in the step (1), the apple pomace is crushed to 0.2-0.4 cm.
Preferably, in step (1), the apple pomace is crushed to 0.3 cm.
Preferably, in the step (3), adding the lactobacillus diluted with water into the apple pomace, fully and uniformly mixing, putting the uniformly mixed apple pomace into a fermentation bag, sealing the opening of the fermentation bag, and hermetically fermenting in a shady and ventilated place for 10-15 days.
Preferably, in step (3), the pomace is fermented for 13 days.
Preferably, in the step (4), a layer of fermented apple pomace is laid in the cultivation box, then 1-1.2 cm-long tenebrio molitor larvae are inoculated, and after inoculation is finished, a layer of fermented apple pomace is laid in the cultivation box.
Preferably, in the step (4), the inoculated culture box is placed in a constant-temperature greenhouse, and the set temperature is 26 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (4), a layer of apple pomace with the thickness of 3cm is laid, and after yellow mealworm larvae are inoculated, a layer of apple pomace with the thickness of 4cm is laid.
Preferably, in the step (5), when the content of the excrement sand in the cultivation box reaches more than 90%, the excrement sand is screened out by a sieve, and then new fermented apple pomace is paved.
Preferably, in step (6), when the tenebrio molitor larvae grow to 4cm old larvae, the larvae are harvested for breeding needs.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the apple pomace is completely transformed by utilizing the flour weevil abdominal transformation treatment, and the transformation period is short. Meanwhile, the tenebrio molitor has the advantages of wide feeding range, strong adaptability, moisture absorption and drainage, easiness in intensive three-dimensional cultivation, high protein content and the like, and the excrement and sand is rich in nutritional ingredients and comprehensive in bioactive substances and can be converted into organic fertilizers and pet feeds, so that high-efficiency conversion is realized, the utilization rate of apple pomace is improved, the environmental pressure is relieved, and sustainable development is promoted.
The tenebrio molitor is an important edible and feeding insect, has high nutritive value, can also be used as a feed additive of common livestock and poultry, has rich nutritional ingredients and comprehensive bioactive substances, and can be converted into organic fertilizers and pet feeds.
The apple pomace is an available resource, and the processing mode meets the requirement of green agricultural development. The invention follows the ecological principle, takes the restoration of the biological chain in the nature as the criterion, transforms the apple pomace by physical and biological methods, obtains the product with high utilization value, improves the added value, exerts the resource potential of the apple pomace and has good economic and social benefits. The apple pomace resource conversion and utilization of the invention conforms to the biological chain rule, and apple pomace is taken as a resource and processed into worm bodies and worm sand, so that corresponding substance products are produced. An apple pomace recycling industrial chain of' apple pomace → yellow mealworm → worm body and worm excrement sand → ecological planting and breeding is formed.
(IV) description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the invention.
(V) detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Example 1:
collecting the apple pomace which can not be used after the concentrated apple juice is collected, putting the apple pomace into a crusher to be crushed to 0.2cm, and paving the crushed apple pomace. Adding water diluted lactobacillus into the crushed apple pomace, fully and uniformly mixing, putting the uniformly mixed apple pomace into a fermentation bag, sealing the opening of the fermentation bag, and sealing and fermenting in a shady and ventilated place for 10 days. Firstly, laying a layer of 3cm material in a breeding box, then inoculating 1 cm-long tenebrio molitor larvae, after the inoculation is finished, laying a layer of 4cm material in the breeding box, after the inoculation of the first breeding box is finished, according to the method, and so on, completely inoculating the rest breeding boxes. And (4) placing the inoculated culture box into a constant-temperature greenhouse, and setting the temperature to be 26 ℃. When the proportion of the excrement sand in the culture box reaches more than 95%, the excrement sand is screened out by a sieve, and then new fermented apple pomace is laid. When the tenebrio molitor larvae grow to 4cm old larvae, the bodies are harvested for breeding needs.
Example 2:
collecting the apple pomace which can not be used after the concentrated apple juice is collected, putting the apple pomace into a crusher to be crushed to 0.3cm, and paving the crushed apple pomace. Adding water-diluted lactobacillus into the crushed apple pomace, fully and uniformly mixing, putting the uniformly mixed apple pomace into a fermentation bag, sealing the opening of the fermentation bag tightly, and sealing and fermenting in a shady and ventilated place for 13 days. Firstly, laying a layer of 3cm material in a breeding box, then inoculating 1.1 cm-long tenebrio molitor larvae, after the inoculation is finished, laying a layer of 4cm material in the breeding box, after the inoculation of the first breeding box is finished, according to the method, and so on, completely inoculating the rest breeding boxes. And (4) placing the inoculated culture box into a constant-temperature greenhouse, wherein the set temperature is 26 ℃. When the proportion of the excrement sand in the culture box reaches more than 90%, the excrement sand is sieved out by a sieve, and then new fermented apple pomace is paved. When the tenebrio molitor larvae grow to 4cm old larvae, the bodies are harvested for breeding needs.
Example 3:
collecting the apple pomace which can not be used after the concentrated apple juice is collected, putting the apple pomace into a crusher to be crushed to 0.4cm, and paving the crushed apple pomace. Adding water diluted lactobacillus into the crushed apple pomace, fully and uniformly mixing, putting the uniformly mixed apple pomace into a fermentation bag, sealing the opening of the fermentation bag, and sealing and fermenting in a shady and ventilated place for 15 days. Firstly, laying a layer of 3cm material in a cultivation box, then inoculating 1.2 cm-long tenebrio molitor larvae, after the inoculation is finished, laying a layer of 4cm material in the cultivation box, after the inoculation of the first cultivation box is finished, according to the method, and so on, completely inoculating the rest cultivation boxes. And (4) placing the inoculated culture box into a constant-temperature greenhouse, and setting the temperature to be 26 ℃. When the proportion of the excrement sand in the culture box reaches more than 85 percent, the excrement sand is sieved out by a sieve, and then new fermented apple pomace is paved. When the tenebrio molitor larvae grow to 4cm old larvae, the bodies are harvested for breeding needs.

Claims (10)

1. An apple pomace conversion treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the apple pomace;
(2) spreading the crushed apple pomace;
(3) fermenting the spread apple pomace;
(4) inoculating yellow mealworm larvae in the breeding box;
(5) carrying out larval stage management on the bred tenebrio molitor larvae;
(6) and harvesting the yellow mealworm aged larvae, drying or reserving for breeding seed sources.
2. The enteromorpha compound ecological treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), the apple pomace is crushed to 0.2-0.4 cm.
3. The enteromorpha compound ecological treatment method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), the apple pomace is crushed to 0.3 cm.
4. The enteromorpha compound ecological treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (3), adding the lactobacillus diluted with water into the apple pomace, fully and uniformly mixing, putting the uniformly mixed apple pomace into a fermentation bag, sealing the opening of the fermentation bag tightly, and sealing and fermenting in a shady and ventilated place for 10-15 days.
5. The enteromorpha composite ecological treatment method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: in step (3), the apple pomace is fermented for 13 days.
6. The enteromorpha compound ecological treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (4), a layer of fermented apple pomace is laid in a cultivation box, then 1-1.2 cm-long tenebrio molitor larvae are inoculated, and after inoculation is finished, a layer of fermented apple pomace is laid in the cultivation box.
7. The enteromorpha compound ecological treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (4), the inoculated culture box is placed in a constant-temperature greenhouse, and the set temperature is 26 ℃.
8. The enteromorpha composite ecological treatment method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: in the step (4), a layer of apple pomace with the thickness of 3cm is paved, yellow mealworm larvae are inoculated, and then a layer of apple pomace with the thickness of 4cm is paved.
9. The enteromorpha compound ecological treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (5), when the proportion of the excrement sand in the cultivation box reaches more than 90%, the excrement sand is screened out by a sieve, and then new fermented apple pomace is paved.
10. The enteromorpha compound ecological treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step (6), when the yellow meal worm larvae grow to mature larvae with the length of 4cm, the larvae are harvested for breeding requirements.
CN202210357459.1A 2022-04-07 2022-04-07 Apple pomace conversion treatment method Pending CN114631597A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120128648A1 (en) * 2009-07-28 2012-05-24 The Energy And Resources Institute (Teri) Novel Biopesticide Compositions And Method For Isolation And Characterization Of Same
CN103976152A (en) * 2013-02-09 2014-08-13 山东华绿餐处科技股份有限公司 Method using tenebrio molitor for processing kitchen waste pretreatment matters
CN104872445A (en) * 2015-06-11 2015-09-02 訾庆丰 Flour weevil feedstuff with fruit residues and sugar residues
CN106577555A (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-04-26 湖北远志黄粉虫养殖有限责任公司 Breeding method capable of accelerating growth of larvae of tenebrio molitor
CN109500047A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-03-22 齐乃萍 A kind of family rubbish from cooking biological cycle processing system and method
US20210130248A1 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-06 Xinjiang Agricultural University Method of continuously converting kitchen waste using three environmental insects

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120128648A1 (en) * 2009-07-28 2012-05-24 The Energy And Resources Institute (Teri) Novel Biopesticide Compositions And Method For Isolation And Characterization Of Same
CN103976152A (en) * 2013-02-09 2014-08-13 山东华绿餐处科技股份有限公司 Method using tenebrio molitor for processing kitchen waste pretreatment matters
CN104872445A (en) * 2015-06-11 2015-09-02 訾庆丰 Flour weevil feedstuff with fruit residues and sugar residues
CN106577555A (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-04-26 湖北远志黄粉虫养殖有限责任公司 Breeding method capable of accelerating growth of larvae of tenebrio molitor
CN109500047A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-03-22 齐乃萍 A kind of family rubbish from cooking biological cycle processing system and method
US20210130248A1 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-06 Xinjiang Agricultural University Method of continuously converting kitchen waste using three environmental insects

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