CN114557171A

CN114557171A - Multifunctional crop precision seeder

Info

Publication number: CN114557171A
Application number: CN202210226991.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱欣; 陈光燕; 任丽群; 王松; 陈秀华; 吴小敏
Original assignee: Guizhou Provincial Grassland Technology Test Promotion Station
Current assignee: Guizhou Provincial Grassland Technology Test Promotion Station
Priority date: 2022-03-08
Filing date: 2022-03-08
Publication date: 2022-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-08
Also published as: CN114557171B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of crop production machinery, and particularly relates to a multifunctional crop precision seeder which comprises a supporting mechanism, a groove digging mechanism and a burying mechanism, wherein the burying mechanism is arranged outside the supporting mechanism, the groove digging mechanism is arranged at the rear part of the supporting mechanism, the multifunctional crop precision seeder also comprises a quantitative seeding mechanism and a fertilizing mechanism, the fertilizing mechanism is arranged above the groove digging mechanism, and the quantitative seeding mechanism is arranged at the front part of the fertilizing mechanism; quantitative seeding mechanism includes back shaft, tie-beam, seed frame, strengthening rib, ratchet template, pawl, seeding wheel, location cardboard, fixed pin, swivel mount, hits the ring, strikes frame, third pressure spring, support arm, upper cover, utilizes supporting mechanism to make equipment more firm, utilizes fertilizing mechanism to carry out quantitative fertilization, utilizes quantitative seeding mechanism, carries out quantitative seeding, utilizes to bury the mechanism and finally bury, can effectively avoid seed pile up and miss to sow, improves seeding quality and effect.

Description

Multifunctional crop precision seeder

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of crop production machinery, and particularly relates to a multifunctional crop precision seeder.

Background

Crops are various plants cultivated in agriculture, and comprise grain crops and economic crops (oil crops, vegetable crops, flowers, grasses and trees), wherein people eat food as days, the relationship between people and food is expressed, the reasonable diet collocation can bring health to the people, the quality and the efficiency of the crops are improved, scientific technological production technology cannot be separated, and novel industrially manufactured mechanical equipment capable of assisting agricultural production is more in mountainous areas in the southwest region, less in flat ground, less in uniformly distributed land for people, and the seeding condition of a large-scale seeder is difficult to meet. And different crops seed shape is not of uniform size, and current seeding equipment generally is that fixed export is sowed when the seeding, and is reasonable inadequately, and is accurate inadequately, can cause the multicast or the phenomenon of broadcasting less. Meanwhile, large-scale seeders on the market basically adopt mixed seeding of fertilizers and seeds, so that certain kinds of seeds are dead after being pasted and coated, and the fertilizers have certain stimulation effect after all.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention develops a multifunctional crop precision seeder.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a multifunctional crop precision seeder comprises a supporting mechanism, a groove digging mechanism and a burying mechanism, wherein the burying mechanism is arranged outside the supporting mechanism, the groove digging mechanism is arranged at the rear part of the supporting mechanism, the multifunctional crop precision seeder also comprises a quantitative seeding mechanism and a fertilizing mechanism, the fertilizing mechanism is arranged above the groove digging mechanism, and the quantitative seeding mechanism is arranged at the front part of the fertilizing mechanism; the quantitative seeding mechanism comprises a supporting shaft, a connecting beam, a seeding frame, reinforcing ribs, ratchet templates, a pawl, a seeding wheel, positioning clamping plates, a fixing pin, a rotating frame, a collision ring, a collision frame, a third pressure spring, a supporting arm and an upper cover, wherein the supporting shaft is arranged inside the supporting mechanism and at the front part, the connecting beam is arranged outside the supporting shaft, the seeding frame is arranged above the connecting beam, the reinforcing ribs are arranged at the bottom of the seeding frame, two ratchet templates are arranged inside the seeding frame and at two sides, the pawl is arranged outside the ratchet templates, the seeding wheel is arranged at two sides of the supporting shaft, the positioning clamping plates are arranged outside the seeding wheel, the fixing pin is arranged outside the seeding wheel, the rotating frame is arranged outside the fixing pin, the collision ring and the collision frame are arranged at the top end of the rotating frame, the third pressure spring is arranged outside the impact frame, and the supporting arm is arranged below the third pressure spring; fertilizing mechanism includes fertilizer frame, a supporting beam, discharging pipe, accuse volume subassembly, visor, inside and being located the rear portion of supporting mechanism is provided with a supporting beam, it is provided with to prop up supporting beam top the fertilizer frame, fertilizer frame top is provided with the visor, fertilizer frame bottom is provided with two the discharging pipe, inside being provided with of fertilizer frame accuse volume subassembly.

Preferably: the volume control assembly comprises impact blocks, a fourth pressure spring and movable blocks, the impact blocks are arranged outside the fertilizer frame and on two sides of the fertilizer frame, the impact blocks are arranged between the impact blocks and inside the fertilizer frame, the movable blocks are arranged, and the front portions of the movable blocks are provided with the fourth pressure spring.

So set up, the striking piece drives the movable block removes, fourth pressure spring drives the movable block resets.

Preferably: the quantity control assembly comprises wheel frames, eccentric wheels, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a connecting support and a discharging head, the two wheel frames are arranged below the fertilizer frame, the eccentric wheels are arranged at the bottom of the wheel frames, the first connecting rod is arranged outside the eccentric wheels, the second connecting rod is arranged above the first connecting rod, the connecting support is arranged at the top end of the second connecting rod, and the discharging head is arranged outside the connecting support.

According to the arrangement, the eccentric wheel drives the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to move, so that the connecting frame drives the discharging head to move up and down.

Preferably: the supporting mechanism comprises walking wheels, stop levers, a main shaft, a first connecting frame, a second connecting frame, a fixed connecting frame, a supporting plate, a first pressure spring, a second pressure spring, a main beam and connecting columns, wherein two second connecting frames are arranged outside the supporting shaft, the first connecting frame is arranged at the rear part of the second connecting frame, the fixed connecting frame is arranged outside the first connecting frame and the second connecting frame, the supporting plate is arranged at the bottom of the fixed connecting frame, the first pressure spring is arranged above the supporting plate, the main beam is arranged above the first pressure spring, the second pressure spring is arranged above the main beam, the connecting column is arranged at the rear part of the main beam and below the main beam, the main shaft is arranged inside the connecting column and at the bottom of the connecting column, the walking wheels are arranged on two sides of the main shaft, a plurality of stop levers are arranged on the inner sides of the travelling wheels; the walking wheel with main shaft welded connection, the pin with walking wheel bolted connection, first link with the main shaft rotates to be connected, the second link with the back shaft rotates to be connected, first link with the second link all with fixed connection rotates to be connected, the backup pad with fixed connection frame welded connection, the girder with fixed connection frame sliding connection, first pressure spring respectively with the backup pad with girder welded connection, second pressure spring respectively with fixed connection frame with girder welded connection, the spliced pole with main shaft rotates to be connected.

So set up, first pressure spring and second pressure spring play the cushioning effect.

Preferably: the grooving mechanism comprises a support frame, a first connecting support, a second connecting support, a connecting frame and a triangular digging cutter, wherein the support frame is arranged below the main beam and at the rear part of the connecting column, the first connecting support and the second connecting support are respectively arranged at the rear part of the support frame, the connecting frame is arranged at the bottom of the support frame, and the triangular digging cutter is arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame; the support frame with girder welded connection, first connecting support with second connecting support all with girder welded connection, the connection frame with support frame bolted connection, the triangle digger with connection frame welded connection.

So set up, first connection support and second connection support are used for with the tractor fixed.

Preferably: the burying mechanism comprises a fixed shaft, a connecting arm and a burying roller, the fixed shaft is arranged outside the travelling wheel, the connecting arm is arranged outside the fixed shaft, and the burying roller is arranged at the front end of the connecting arm; the fixed shaft is connected with the traveling wheels in a welded mode, the connecting arm is connected with the fixed shaft in a rotating mode, and the burying roller is connected with the connecting arm through bearings.

So set up, the seed buries in the inslot with the burying roller.

Preferably: the support shaft is rotatably connected with the second connecting frame, the connecting beam is welded with the support shaft, the seed frame is connected with the connecting beam through bolts, the reinforcing ribs are respectively welded with the seed frame and the second connecting frame, the ratchet wheel template and the pawl are rotatably connected with the seed frame, the upper cover is hinged with the seed frame, and two conical leakage holes are formed in the seed frame.

With the arrangement, the conical holes in the seed frame are convenient for discharging, and the ratchet wheel template controls the seed flow.

Preferably: the seeding wheel respectively with the back shaft, the location cardboard, fixed pin welded connection, the swivel mount with the fixed pin rotates to be connected, hit the ring with the swivel mount rotates to be connected, hit the frame with swivel mount welded connection, third pressure spring with the striking frame with support arm welded connection, the support arm with second link welded connection.

So set up, third pressure spring plays the effect of restoring to the throne, it drives to hit the ring location cardboard is rotatory, makes the seed fall to the ground.

Preferably: the supporting beam respectively with fertilizer frame with girder welded connection, the visor with fertilizer frame hinge connection, fertilizer frame is inside to be provided with two toper small openings, the discharging pipe with fertilizer frame welded connection, the striking piece with fertilizer frame rotates to be connected, the movable block both ends respectively with the striking piece with fertilizer frame sliding connection, fourth pressure spring respectively with the movable block with fertilizer frame welded connection.

So set up, the inside bell mouth of fertilizer frame is convenient for the ejection of compact, the striking piece drives the movable block removes, fourth pressure spring drives the movable block resets.

Preferably: the wheel frame is connected with the support frame in a welded mode, the eccentric wheel is connected with the wheel frame through a bearing, the first connecting rod is connected with the eccentric wheel in a rotating mode, the second connecting rod is connected with the first connecting rod in a rotating mode, and the connecting support is connected with the connecting support and the discharging head in a welded mode respectively.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: utilize supporting mechanism to make equipment more firm, utilize fertilizing mechanism to fertilize quantitatively, utilize quantitative seeding mechanism, carry out quantitative seeding, utilize to bury the mechanism and carry out final burying, can effectively avoid seed pile and miss to sow, improve seeding quality and effect.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multifunctional crop precision seeder in accordance with an embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a multifunctional precision seeder for agricultural crops according to the present invention, showing an upper cover and a protection cover hidden in embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of I of the multifunctional crop precision seeder of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a support mechanism of the multifunctional crop precision seeder of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a grooving mechanism of the multifunctional precision crop seeder of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a quantitative seeding mechanism of the multifunctional crop precision seeder of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of a quantitative sowing mechanism of the multifunctional crop precision seeder of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a fertilizing mechanism of the multifunctional precision seeder for crops of the present invention, in accordance with the embodiment 1;

FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view of a fertilizing mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the multi-functional precision crop seeder of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a perspective view of the multifunctional precision crop seeder of the present invention, shown with the upper cover and the protective cover hidden, according to example 2;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a quantity control assembly of an embodiment 2 of the multifunctional crop precision seeder of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a partial sectional view of a fertilizing mechanism of an embodiment 2 of the multifunctional crop precision seeder of the present invention.

The reference numerals are explained below:

1. a support mechanism; 2. a grooving mechanism; 3. a burying mechanism; 4. a quantitative seeding mechanism; 5. a fertilizing mechanism; 101. a traveling wheel; 102. a stop lever; 103. a main shaft; 104. a first link frame; 105. a second link frame; 106. a fixed connecting frame; 107. a support plate; 108. a first pressure spring; 109. a second pressure spring; 110. a main beam; 111. connecting columns; 201. a support frame; 202. a first connecting support; 203. a second connecting support; 204. a connecting frame; 205. a triangular digging cutter; 301. a fixed shaft; 302. a connecting arm; 303. burying the roller; 401. a support shaft; 402. a connecting beam; 403. a seed frame; 404. reinforcing ribs; 405. a ratchet template; 406. a pawl; 407. a sowing wheel; 408. positioning a clamping plate; 409. a fixing pin; 410. a rotating frame; 411. knocking the ring; 412. a strike rack; 413. a third pressure spring; 414. a support arm; 415. an upper cover; 51. a fertilizer frame; 52. a support beam; 53. a discharge pipe; 54. a quantity control component; 500. an impact block; 501. a fourth pressure spring; 502. a movable block; 503. a wheel frame; 504. an eccentric wheel; 505. a first link; 506. a second link; 507. connecting a bracket; 508. discharging a stub bar; 509. a protective cover.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-9, a multifunctional crop precision seeder comprises a supporting mechanism 1, a groove digging mechanism 2, a burying mechanism 3, the burying mechanism 3 arranged outside the supporting mechanism 1, the groove digging mechanism 2 arranged at the rear part of the supporting mechanism 1, a quantitative seeding mechanism 4 and a fertilizing mechanism 5, wherein the fertilizing mechanism 5 is arranged above the groove digging mechanism 2, and the quantitative seeding mechanism 4 is arranged at the front part of the fertilizing mechanism 5; the quantitative sowing mechanism 4 comprises a supporting shaft 401, a connecting beam 402, a seed frame 403, a reinforcing rib 404, ratchet templates 405, a pawl 406, a sowing wheel 407, a positioning clamping plate 408, a fixing pin 409, a rotating frame 410, a collision ring 411, a collision frame 412, a third pressure spring 413, a supporting arm 414 and an upper cover 415, wherein the supporting shaft 401 is arranged inside the supporting mechanism 1 and positioned at the front part, the connecting beam 402 is arranged outside the supporting shaft 401, the seed frame 403 is arranged above the connecting beam 402, the reinforcing rib 404 is arranged at the bottom of the seed frame 403, two ratchet templates 405 are arranged inside the seed frame 403 and positioned at two sides, the pawl 406 is arranged outside the ratchet templates 405, the sowing wheel 407 is arranged at two sides of the supporting shaft 401, a plurality of positioning clamping plates 408 are arranged outside the sowing wheel 407, the fixing pin is arranged outside the sowing wheel 407, the rotating frame 410 is arranged outside the fixing pin 409, the collision ring 411 and the collision frame 412 are arranged at the top end of the rotating frame 410, a third pressure spring 413 is arranged outside the impact frame 412, and a support arm 414 is arranged below the third pressure spring 413; the fertilizing mechanism 5 comprises a fertilizer frame 51, a supporting beam 52, discharging pipes 53, a quantity control assembly 54 and a protective cover 509, the supporting beam 52 is arranged inside the supporting mechanism 1 and located at the rear part, the fertilizer frame 51 is arranged above the supporting beam 52, the protective cover 509 is arranged above the fertilizer frame 51, the two discharging pipes 53 are arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer frame 51, and the quantity control assembly 54 is arranged inside the fertilizer frame 51.

Preferably: the quantity control assembly 54 comprises impact blocks 500, fourth pressure springs 501 and movable blocks 502, the impact blocks 500 are arranged outside the fertilizer frame 51 and positioned on two sides, the movable blocks 502 are arranged between the impact blocks 500 and positioned inside the fertilizer frame 51, and the plurality of fourth pressure springs 501 are arranged in front of the movable blocks 502; the supporting mechanism 1 comprises a walking wheel 101, a stop lever 102, a main shaft 103, a first connecting frame 104, a second connecting frame 105, a fixed connecting frame 106, a supporting plate 107, a first pressure spring 108, a second pressure spring 109, a main beam 110 and a connecting column 111, two second connecting frames 105 are arranged outside the supporting shaft 401, a first connecting frame 104 is arranged at the rear part of each second connecting frame 105, fixed connecting frames 106 are arranged outside the first connecting frames 104 and the second connecting frames 105, a supporting plate 107 is arranged at the bottom of each fixed connecting frame 106, a first pressure spring 108 is arranged above each supporting plate 107, a main beam 110 is arranged above each first pressure spring 108, a second pressure spring 109 is arranged above each main beam 110, a connecting column 111 is arranged at the rear part and below each main beam 110, a main shaft 103 is arranged inside each connecting column 111 and at the bottom, walking wheels 101 are arranged on two sides of each main shaft 103, and a plurality of stop levers 102 are arranged on the inner sides of the walking wheels 101; the walking wheel 101 is connected with the main shaft 103 in a welded mode, the stop lever 102 is connected with the walking wheel 101 through a bolt, the first connecting frame 104 is connected with the main shaft 103 in a rotating mode, the second connecting frame 105 is connected with the supporting shaft 401 in a rotating mode, the first connecting frame 104 and the second connecting frame 105 are both connected with the fixed connecting frame 106 in a rotating mode, the supporting plate 107 is connected with the fixed connecting frame 106 in a welded mode, the main beam 110 is connected with the fixed connecting frame 106 in a sliding mode, the first pressure spring 108 is connected with the supporting plate 107 and the main beam 110 in a welded mode respectively, the second pressure spring 109 is connected with the fixed connecting frame 106 and the main beam 110 in a welded mode respectively, the connecting column 111 is connected with the main beam 110 in a welded mode, and the connecting column 111 is connected with the main shaft 103 in a rotating mode; the grooving mechanism 2 comprises a support frame 201, a first connecting support 202, a second connecting support 203, a connecting frame 204 and a triangular digging cutter 205, the support frame 201 is arranged below the main beam 110 and behind the connecting column 111, the first connecting support 202 and the second connecting support 203 are respectively arranged behind the support frame 201, the connecting frame 204 is arranged at the bottom of the support frame 201, and the triangular digging cutter 205 is arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame 204; the supporting frame 201 is connected with the main beam 110 in a welding mode, the first connecting support 202 and the second connecting support 203 are connected with the main beam 110 in a welding mode, the connecting frame 204 is connected with the supporting frame 201 through bolts, and the triangular digging cutter 205 is connected with the connecting frame 204 in a welding mode; the burying mechanism 3 comprises a fixed shaft 301, a connecting arm 302 and a burying roller 303, the fixed shaft 301 is arranged outside the travelling wheel 101, the connecting arm 302 is arranged outside the fixed shaft 301, and the burying roller 303 is arranged at the front end of the connecting arm 302; the fixed shaft 301 is connected with the travelling wheel 101 in a welding mode, the connecting arm 302 is connected with the fixed shaft 301 in a rotating mode, and the burying roller 303 is connected with the connecting arm 302 in a bearing mode; the supporting shaft 401 is rotatably connected with the second connecting frame 105, the connecting beam 402 is welded with the supporting shaft 401, the seed frame 403 is in bolted connection with the connecting beam 402, the reinforcing ribs 404 are respectively welded with the seed frame 403 and the second connecting frame 105, the ratchet template 405 and the pawl 406 are both rotatably connected with the seed frame 403, the upper cover 415 is in hinged connection with the seed frame 403, and two conical leakage holes are formed in the seed frame 403; the sowing wheel 407 is respectively connected with the supporting shaft 401, the positioning clamping plate 408 and the fixing pin 409 in a welding manner, the rotating frame 410 is rotationally connected with the fixing pin 409, the impact ring 411 is rotationally connected with the rotating frame 410, the impact frame 412 is connected with the rotating frame 410 in a welding manner, the third pressure spring 413 is connected with the impact frame 412 and the supporting arm 414 in a welding manner, and the supporting arm 414 is connected with the second connecting frame 105 in a welding manner; the supporting beam 52 is respectively connected with the fertilizer frame 51 and the main beam 110 in a welding mode, the discharge pipe 53 is connected with the fertilizer frame 51 in a welding mode, the impact block 500 is connected with the fertilizer frame 51 in a rotating mode, the two ends of the movable block 502 are respectively connected with the impact block 500 and the fertilizer frame 51 in a sliding mode, and the fourth pressure spring 501 is respectively connected with the movable block 502 and the fertilizer frame 51 in a welding mode.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 10 to 12, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the quantity control assembly 54 comprises wheel frames 503, eccentric wheels 504, first connecting rods 505, second connecting rods 506, connecting brackets 507 and discharging heads 508, wherein the two wheel frames 503 are arranged below the fertilizer frame 51, the eccentric wheels 504 are arranged at the bottoms of the wheel frames 503, the first connecting rods 505 are arranged outside the eccentric wheels 504, the second connecting rods 506 are arranged above the first connecting rods 505, the connecting brackets 507 are arranged at the top ends of the second connecting rods 506, and the discharging heads 508 are arranged outside the connecting brackets 507; the wheel frame 503 is connected with the supporting frame 201 in a welding mode, the eccentric wheel 504 is connected with the wheel frame 503 in a bearing mode, the first connecting rod 505 is connected with the eccentric wheel 504 in a rotating mode, the second connecting rod 506 is connected with the first connecting rod 505 in a rotating mode, and the connecting support 507 is connected with the connecting support 507 and the discharging head 508 in a welding mode respectively.

The working principle is as follows: firstly, pouring seeds into a seed frame 403, pouring fertilizer into a fertilizer frame 51, adjusting a ratchet template 405 to adjust a proper aperture according to the size of the seeds so as to control the seed flow, connecting a first connecting support 202 and a second connecting support 203 with a tractor when in use, digging grooves by a triangular digging knife 205 when moving, impacting an impacting block 500 by a stop lever 102 when a walking wheel 101 rotates, enabling a movable block 502 to move, enabling the fertilizer to enter a connecting frame 204 from a discharging pipe 53, and finally dropping into the opened groove, or enabling a first connecting rod 505 to drive a second connecting rod 506 to move when an eccentric wheel 504 rotates, enabling a connecting bracket 507 to drive a discharging head 508 to move up and down, because the groove is formed inside the discharging head 508, the fertilizer can flow down to the discharging pipe 53 through the discharging head 508 and finally to the opened groove, enabling the stop lever 102 to rotate and impact a impacting frame 412 when the walking wheel 101 rotates, enabling a seeding ring 411 to drive a seeding wheel 407 to rotate, since the groove is formed above the sowing wheel 407, seeds fall into the groove first, the seeds fall when rotating, the number of the stop levers 102 can be increased or decreased to determine the planting distance when the sowing wheel is used, and the burying roller 303 moves to bury the groove after the seeds fall.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional crops precision planter, includes supporting mechanism (1), groover mechanism (2), buries mechanism (3), supporting mechanism (1) outside is provided with bury mechanism (3), supporting mechanism (1) rear portion is provided with groover mechanism (2), its characterized in that: the quantitative seeding mechanism (4) and the fertilizing mechanism (5) are further included, the fertilizing mechanism (5) is arranged above the groove digging mechanism (2), and the quantitative seeding mechanism (4) is arranged at the front part of the fertilizing mechanism (5); the quantitative sowing mechanism (4) comprises a supporting shaft (401), a connecting beam (402), a seed frame (403), a reinforcing rib (404), a ratchet template (405), a pawl (406), a sowing wheel (407), a positioning clamping plate (408), a fixing pin (409), a rotating frame (410), a collision ring (411), a collision frame (412), a third pressure spring (413), a supporting arm (414) and an upper cover (415), wherein the supporting shaft (401) is arranged inside the supporting mechanism (1) and in the front part, the connecting beam (402) is arranged outside the supporting shaft (401), the seed frame (403) is arranged above the connecting beam (402), the reinforcing rib (404) is arranged at the bottom of the seed frame (403), two ratchet templates (405) are arranged inside the seed frame (403) and on two sides, and the pawl (406) is arranged outside the ratchet template (405), the two sides of the supporting shaft (401) are respectively provided with the sowing wheel (407), the outer side of the sowing wheel (407) is provided with a plurality of positioning clamping plates (408), the outer part of the sowing wheel (407) is provided with the fixing pin (409), the outer part of the fixing pin (409) is provided with the rotating frame (410), the top end of the rotating frame (410) is provided with the collision ring (411) and the collision frame (412), the outer part of the collision frame (412) is provided with the third pressure spring (413), and the supporting arm (414) is arranged below the third pressure spring (413); fertilizing mechanism (5) include fertilizer frame (51), supporting beam (52), discharging pipe (53), accuse volume subassembly (54), visor (509), supporting mechanism (1) is inside and be located the rear portion and be provided with supporting beam (52), supporting beam (52) top is provided with fertilizer frame (51), fertilizer frame (51) top is provided with visor (509), fertilizer frame (51) bottom is provided with two discharging pipe (53), fertilizer frame (51) inside is provided with accuse volume subassembly (54).

2. The multifunctional crop precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: accuse volume subassembly (54) is including striking piece (500), fourth pressure spring (501), movable block (502), fertilizer frame (51) outside and be located both sides are provided with strike piece (500), strike between piece (500) and be located fertilizer frame (51) inside is provided with movable block (502), movable block (502) front portion is provided with a plurality ofly fourth pressure spring (501).

3. The multifunctional crop precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the quantity control assembly (54) comprises wheel frames (503), eccentric wheels (504), first connecting rods (505), second connecting rods (506), connecting supports (507) and discharging heads (508), wherein the two wheel frames (503) are arranged below the fertilizer frame (51), the eccentric wheels (504) are arranged at the bottoms of the wheel frames (503), the first connecting rods (505) are arranged outside the eccentric wheels (504), the second connecting rods (506) are arranged above the first connecting rods (505), the connecting supports (507) are arranged at the top ends of the second connecting rods (506), and the discharging heads (508) are arranged outside the connecting supports (507).

4. The multifunctional crop precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting mechanism (1) comprises traveling wheels (101), a stop lever (102), a main shaft (103), first connecting frames (104), second connecting frames (105), fixed connecting frames (106), a supporting plate (107), first pressure springs (108), second pressure springs (109), a main beam (110) and a connecting column (111), wherein the two second connecting frames (105) are arranged outside the supporting shaft (401), the first connecting frames (104) are arranged at the rear part of the second connecting frames (105), the fixed connecting frames (106) are arranged outside the first connecting frames (104) and the second connecting frames (105), the supporting plate (107) is arranged at the bottom of the fixed connecting frames (106), the first pressure springs (108) are arranged above the supporting plate (107), the main beam (110) is arranged above the first pressure springs (108), the second pressure spring (109) is arranged above the main beam (110), the connecting column (111) is arranged at the rear part of the main beam (110) and below the main beam, the main shaft (103) is arranged in the connecting column (111) and at the bottom of the connecting column, the travelling wheels (101) are arranged on two sides of the main shaft (103), and a plurality of stop levers (102) are arranged on the inner sides of the travelling wheels (101); the walking wheel (101) with main shaft (103) welded connection, pin (102) with walking wheel (101) bolted connection, first link (104) with main shaft (103) rotate to be connected, second link (105) with back shaft (401) rotate to be connected, first link (104) with second link (105) all with fixed connection frame (106) rotate to be connected, backup pad (107) with fixed connection frame (106) welded connection, girder (110) with fixed connection frame (106) sliding connection, first pressure spring (108) respectively with backup pad (107) with girder (110) welded connection, second pressure spring (109) respectively with fixed connection frame (106) with girder (110) welded connection, spliced pole (111) with girder (110) welded connection, the connecting column (111) is rotatably connected with the main shaft (103).

5. The multifunctional crop precision seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: the grooving mechanism (2) comprises a support frame (201), a first connecting support (202), a second connecting support (203), a connecting frame (204) and a triangular digging cutter (205), wherein the support frame (201) is arranged below the main beam (110) and behind the connecting column (111), the first connecting support (202) and the second connecting support (203) are respectively arranged at the rear part of the support frame (201), the connecting frame (204) is arranged at the bottom of the support frame (201), and the triangular digging cutter (205) is arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame (204); the supporting frame (201) is connected with the main beam (110) in a welded mode, the first connecting support (202) and the second connecting support (203) are connected with the main beam (110) in a welded mode, the connecting frame (204) is connected with the supporting frame (201) through bolts, and the triangular digging cutter (205) is connected with the connecting frame (204) in a welded mode.

6. The multifunctional crop precision seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: the burying mechanism (3) comprises a fixed shaft (301), a connecting arm (302) and a burying roller (303), the fixed shaft (301) is arranged outside the travelling wheel (101), the connecting arm (302) is arranged outside the fixed shaft (301), and the burying roller (303) is arranged at the front end of the connecting arm (302); the fixed shaft (301) is connected with the walking wheel (101) in a welded mode, the connecting arm (302) is connected with the fixed shaft (301) in a rotating mode, and the buried roller (303) is connected with the connecting arm (302) through a bearing.

7. The multifunctional crop precision seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: the supporting shaft (401) is rotatably connected with the second connecting frame (105), the connecting beam (402) is welded with the supporting shaft (401), the seed frame (403) is bolted with the connecting beam (402), the reinforcing ribs (404) are respectively welded with the seed frame (403) and the second connecting frame (105), the ratchet template (405) and the pawls (406) are both rotatably connected with the seed frame (403), the upper cover (415) is hinged with the seed frame (403), and two conical leakage holes are formed in the seed frame (403).

8. The multifunctional crop precision seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that: seeding wheel (407) respectively with support shaft (401), location cardboard (408), fixed pin (409) welded connection, swivel mount (410) with fixed pin (409) rotate to be connected, hit ring (411) with swivel mount (410) rotate to be connected, strike frame (412) with swivel mount (410) welded connection, third pressure spring (413) with strike frame (412) with support arm (414) welded connection, support arm (414) with second link (105) welded connection.

9. The multifunctional crop precision seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: supporting beam (52) respectively with fertilizer frame (51) with girder (110) welded connection, visor (509) with fertilizer frame (51) hinge connection, fertilizer frame (51) inside is provided with two toper small openings, discharging pipe (53) with fertilizer frame (51) welded connection, striking piece (500) with fertilizer frame (51) rotate to be connected, movable block (502) both ends respectively with striking piece (500) with fertilizer frame (51) sliding connection, fourth pressure spring (501) respectively with movable block (502) with fertilizer frame (51) welded connection.

10. The multifunctional crop precision seeder according to claim 5, characterized in that: the wheel frame (503) is connected with the support frame (201) in a welding mode, the eccentric wheel (504) is connected with the wheel frame (503) in a bearing mode, the first connecting rod (505) is connected with the eccentric wheel (504) in a rotating mode, the second connecting rod (506) is connected with the first connecting rod (505) in a rotating mode, and the connecting support (507) is connected with the connecting support (507) and the discharging head (508) in a welding mode respectively.