CN114557171B

CN114557171B - Multifunctional crop precision planter

Info

Publication number: CN114557171B
Application number: CN202210226991.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱欣; 陈光燕; 任丽群; 王松; 陈秀华; 吴小敏
Original assignee: Guizhou Provincial Grassland Technology Test Promotion Station
Current assignee: Guizhou Provincial Grassland Technology Test Promotion Station
Priority date: 2022-03-08
Filing date: 2022-03-08
Publication date: 2023-07-04
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-08
Also published as: CN114557171A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of crop production machinery, and particularly relates to a multifunctional crop precision planter, which comprises a supporting mechanism, a grooving mechanism and a burying mechanism, wherein the burying mechanism is arranged outside the supporting mechanism; the quantitative seeding mechanism comprises a supporting shaft, a connecting beam, a seed frame, reinforcing ribs, a ratchet template, pawls, a seeding wheel, a positioning clamping plate, a fixing pin, a rotating frame, a bumping ring, a bumping frame, a third pressure spring, a supporting arm and an upper cover, the device is more stable by the supporting mechanism, quantitative fertilization is carried out by the fertilizing mechanism, quantitative seeding is carried out by the quantitative seeding mechanism, and the final burying is carried out by the burying mechanism, so that the accumulation and miss seeding of seeds can be effectively avoided, and the seeding quality and effect are improved.

Description

Multifunctional crop precision planter

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of crop production machinery, and particularly relates to a multifunctional crop precision planter.

Background

Crops are various plants cultivated in agriculture, including two major categories of grain crops and cash crops (oil crops, vegetable crops, flowers, grass and trees), people eat the food as the day, the relation between people and food is expressed, reasonable diet collocation can bring health to the people, the quality improvement and synergy of the crops are achieved, scientific technology production technology is not separated, novel industrial mechanical equipment capable of assisting agricultural production is manufactured, more mountain areas in southwest regions, less land are shared, and the sowing condition of a large-scale sowing machine is difficult to meet. And the different crop seeds have different shapes and sizes, and the conventional seeding equipment is generally used for seeding at a fixed outlet during seeding, so that the seeding is not reasonable enough and not accurate enough, and multicast or less seeding phenomenon can be caused. Meanwhile, large-scale sowers in the market basically adopt mixed sowing of fertilizer and seeds, so that dead seeds of certain types appear after the mixed sowing is pasted, and the fertilizer has a certain stimulation effect after all.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention develops a multifunctional crop precision planter for solving the technical problems.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the multifunctional crop precision planter comprises a supporting mechanism, a grooving mechanism and a burying mechanism, wherein the burying mechanism is arranged outside the supporting mechanism, the grooving mechanism is arranged at the rear part of the supporting mechanism, the multifunctional crop precision planter also comprises a quantitative sowing mechanism and a fertilizing mechanism, the fertilizing mechanism is arranged above the grooving mechanism, and the quantitative sowing mechanism is arranged at the front part of the fertilizing mechanism; the quantitative seeding mechanism comprises a supporting shaft, a connecting beam, a seed frame, reinforcing ribs, ratchet templates, pawls, seeding wheels, positioning clamping plates, fixing pins, rotating frames, a bumping ring, a bumping frame, third pressure springs, supporting arms and an upper cover, wherein the supporting shaft is arranged in the supporting mechanism and positioned at the front, the connecting beam is arranged outside the supporting shaft, the seed frame is arranged above the connecting beam, the reinforcing ribs are arranged at the bottom of the seed frame, two ratchet templates are arranged inside the seed frame and positioned at the two sides of the seed frame, the pawls are arranged outside the ratchet templates, the seeding wheels are arranged at the two sides of the supporting shaft, a plurality of positioning clamping plates are arranged outside the seeding wheels, the fixing pins are arranged outside the seeding wheels, the rotating frames are arranged outside the fixing pins, the bumping ring and the bumping frame are arranged at the top ends of the rotating frames, the third pressure springs are arranged outside the bumping frames, and the supporting arms are arranged below the third pressure springs; the fertilizing mechanism comprises a fertilizer frame, a supporting beam, discharging pipes, a quantity control assembly and a protective cover, wherein the supporting beam is arranged inside the supporting mechanism and positioned at the rear part of the supporting mechanism, the fertilizer frame is arranged above the supporting beam, the protective cover is arranged above the fertilizer frame, two discharging pipes are arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer frame, and the quantity control assembly is arranged inside the fertilizer frame.

Preferably: the volume control assembly comprises impact blocks, fourth pressure springs and movable blocks, the impact blocks are arranged on the outer sides of the fertilizer frame and located on the two sides of the fertilizer frame, the movable blocks are arranged between the impact blocks and located inside the fertilizer frame, and a plurality of fourth pressure springs are arranged on the front portions of the movable blocks.

So set up, the striking piece drives the movable block removes, fourth pressure spring drives the movable block resets.

Preferably: the fertilizer box comprises a fertilizer box body and is characterized in that the quantity control assembly comprises a wheel frame, eccentric wheels, first connecting rods, second connecting rods, connecting supports and discharge heads, two wheel frames are arranged below the fertilizer box body, the eccentric wheels are arranged at the bottoms of the wheel frames, the first connecting rods are arranged outside the eccentric wheels, the second connecting rods are arranged above the first connecting rods, the connecting supports are arranged at the top ends of the second connecting rods, and the discharge heads are arranged outside the connecting supports.

The eccentric wheel drives the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to move, so that the connecting frame drives the discharge head to move up and down.

Preferably: the supporting mechanism comprises travelling wheels, a stop rod, a main shaft, a first connecting frame, a second connecting frame, a fixed connecting frame, a supporting plate, a first pressure spring, a second pressure spring, a main beam and a connecting column, wherein two second connecting frames are arranged outside the supporting shaft, the first connecting frame is arranged at the rear part of the second connecting frame, the fixed connecting frames are arranged outside the first connecting frame and the second connecting frame, the supporting plate is arranged at the bottom of the fixed connecting frame, the first pressure spring is arranged above the supporting plate, the main beam is arranged above the first pressure spring, the second pressure spring is arranged above the main beam, the connecting column is arranged at the rear part and below the main beam, the main shaft is arranged inside the connecting column and at the bottom of the connecting column, the travelling wheels are arranged at the two sides of the main shaft, and a plurality of stop rods are arranged at the inner sides of the travelling wheels; the walking wheel with main shaft welded connection, the pin with walking wheel bolted connection, first link with main shaft swivelling joint, the second link with the back shaft swivelling joint, first link with the second link all with fixed connection frame swivelling joint, the backup pad with fixed connection frame welded connection, the girder with fixed connection frame sliding connection, first compression spring respectively with backup pad with girder welded connection, the second compression spring respectively with fixed connection frame with girder welded connection, the spliced pole with main shaft swivelling joint.

So configured, the first pressure spring and the second pressure spring act as shock absorbers.

Preferably: the grooving mechanism comprises a support frame, a first connecting support, a second connecting support, a connecting frame and a triangular cutter, wherein the support frame is arranged below the main beam and positioned at the rear part of the connecting column, the first connecting support and the second connecting support are respectively arranged at the rear part of the support frame, the connecting frame is arranged at the bottom of the support frame, and the triangular cutter is arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame; the support frame with girder welded connection, first connection support with the second connection support all with girder welded connection, the carriage with support frame bolted connection, the triangle digger with carriage welded connection.

So configured, the first connection mount and the second connection mount are adapted to be secured to a tractor.

Preferably: the burying mechanism comprises a fixed shaft, a connecting arm and a burying roller, wherein the fixed shaft is arranged outside the travelling wheel, the connecting arm is arranged outside the fixed shaft, and the burying roller is arranged at the front end of the connecting arm; the fixed shaft is connected with the travelling wheels in a welding mode, the connecting arm is connected with the fixed shaft in a rotating mode, and the buried roller is connected with the connecting arm bearing.

So arranged, the burying roller buries the seeds in the groove.

Preferably: the utility model discloses a seed frame, including seed frame, second link, ratchet template, upper cover, seed frame hinge connection, seed frame, back shaft with the back shaft rotates to be connected, the back shaft with second link rotates to be connected, the tie beam with back shaft welded connection, the seed frame with tie beam bolted connection, the strengthening rib respectively with seed frame with second link welded connection, the ratchet template with the pawl all with seed frame rotates to be connected, the upper cover with seed frame hinge connection, the inside two toper leak holes that are provided with of seed frame.

So set up, the inside bell mouth of seed frame is convenient for the ejection of compact, ratchet template control seed flow.

Preferably: the seeding wheel respectively with the back shaft location cardboard fixed pin welded connection, the swivel mount with fixed pin rotates to be connected, the striking ring with swivel mount rotates to be connected, the striking frame with swivel mount welded connection, third pressure spring with striking frame with support arm welded connection, the support arm with second link welded connection.

The arrangement is that the third pressure spring has a reset function, and the bumping ring drives the positioning clamping plate to rotate so as to enable seeds to fall to the ground.

Preferably: the supporting beam respectively with fertilizer frame with girder welded connection, the visor with fertilizer frame hinged connection, the inside two toper leak holes that are provided with of fertilizer frame, the discharging pipe with fertilizer frame welded connection, the striking piece with fertilizer frame rotates to be connected, the movable block both ends respectively with the striking piece with fertilizer frame sliding connection, fourth compression spring respectively with the movable block with fertilizer frame welded connection.

So set up, the inside bell mouth of fertilizer frame is convenient for the ejection of compact, the striking piece drives the movable block removes, fourth pressure spring drives the movable block resets.

Preferably: the wheel frame with support frame welded connection, the eccentric wheel with wheel frame bearing connection, first connecting rod with eccentric wheel rotation is connected, the second connecting rod with first connecting rod rotates to be connected, the linking bridge respectively with linking bridge with discharge head welded connection.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the supporting mechanism is utilized to enable the device to be more stable, the fertilizing mechanism is utilized to conduct quantitative fertilization, the quantitative sowing mechanism is utilized to conduct quantitative sowing, the burying mechanism is utilized to conduct final burying, seed accumulation and miss sowing can be effectively avoided, and sowing quality and effect are improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a multifunctional crop precision planter according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a multifunctional crop precision planter according to embodiment 1 of the present invention with the upper cover and the protective cover hidden;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of I of a multi-functional crop precision planter according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a support mechanism of the multifunctional crop precision planter of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a trenching mechanism of a multi-functional crop precision planter according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a quantitative seeding mechanism of the multifunctional crop precision planter of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a quantitative seeding mechanism of a multifunctional crop precision planter according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a fertilizer application mechanism of an embodiment 1 of a multifunctional crop precision planter in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the fertilizing mechanism of embodiment 1 of a multi-functional crop precision planter of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a multifunctional crop precision planter of embodiment 2 with the upper cover and the protective cover hidden;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a control assembly of example 2 of a multi-functional crop precision planter according to the present invention;

fig. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of the fertilizing mechanism of embodiment 2 of the multifunctional crop precision planter of the present invention.

The reference numerals are explained as follows:

1. a support mechanism; 2. a grooving mechanism; 3. a burying mechanism; 4. a quantitative sowing mechanism; 5. a fertilization mechanism; 101. a walking wheel; 102. a stop lever; 103. a main shaft; 104. a first connection frame; 105. a second connecting frame; 106. a connecting frame is fixed; 107. a support plate; 108. a first pressure spring; 109. a second pressure spring; 110. a main beam; 111. a connecting column; 201. a support frame; 202. a first connection support; 203. a second connection support; 204. a connection frame; 205. triangular digging knife; 301. a fixed shaft; 302. a connecting arm; 303. a buried roller; 401. a support shaft; 402. a connecting beam; 403. a seed frame; 404. reinforcing ribs; 405. a ratchet template; 406. a pawl; 407. a sowing wheel; 408. positioning a clamping plate; 409. a fixing pin; 410. a rotating frame; 411. a striker; 412. a strike frame; 413. a third pressure spring; 414. a support arm; 415. an upper cover; 51. a fertilizer frame; 52. a support beam; 53. a discharge pipe; 54. a quantity control component; 500. an impact block; 501. a fourth pressure spring; 502. a movable block; 503. wheel frame; 504. an eccentric wheel; 505. a first link; 506. a second link; 507. a connecting bracket; 508. a discharge head; 509. and a protective cover.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in connection with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-9, the multifunctional crop precision planter comprises a supporting mechanism 1, a grooving mechanism 2 and a burying mechanism 3, wherein the burying mechanism 3 is arranged outside the supporting mechanism 1, the grooving mechanism 2 is arranged at the rear part of the supporting mechanism 1, the multifunctional crop precision planter also comprises a quantitative sowing mechanism 4 and a fertilizing mechanism 5, the fertilizing mechanism 5 is arranged above the grooving mechanism 2, and the quantitative sowing mechanism 4 is arranged at the front part of the fertilizing mechanism 5; the quantitative seeding mechanism 4 comprises a supporting shaft 401, a connecting beam 402, a seed frame 403, a reinforcing rib 404, a ratchet template 405, pawls 406, a seeding wheel 407, a positioning clamping plate 408, fixing pins 409, a rotating frame 410, a bumping ring 411, a bumping frame 412, a third pressure spring 413, a supporting arm 414 and an upper cover 415, wherein the supporting shaft 401 is arranged in the supporting mechanism 1 and positioned in the front, the connecting beam 402 is arranged outside the supporting shaft 401, the seed frame 403 is arranged above the connecting beam 402, the reinforcing rib 404 is arranged at the bottom of the seed frame 403, two ratchet templates 405 are arranged in the seed frame 403 and positioned at the two sides, pawls 406 are arranged outside the ratchet templates 405, the seeding wheel 407 is arranged at the two sides of the supporting shaft 401, a plurality of positioning clamping plates 408 are arranged outside the seeding wheel 407, the fixing pins 409 are arranged outside the fixing pins 409, the rotating frame 410 are arranged outside the fixing pins 409, the bumping ring 411 and the bumping frame 412 are arranged at the top end of the rotating frame 410, the third pressure spring 413 is arranged outside the bumping frame 412, and the supporting arm 414 is arranged below the third pressure spring 413; the fertilizing mechanism 5 comprises a fertilizer frame 51, a supporting beam 52, discharge pipes 53, a quantity control component 54 and a protective cover 509, wherein the supporting beam 52 is arranged inside the supporting mechanism 1 and positioned at the rear part, the fertilizer frame 51 is arranged above the supporting beam 52, the protective cover 509 is arranged above the fertilizer frame 51, two discharge pipes 53 are arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer frame 51, and the quantity control component 54 is arranged inside the fertilizer frame 51.

Preferably: the volume control assembly 54 comprises impact blocks 500, fourth pressure springs 501 and movable blocks 502, wherein the impact blocks 500 are arranged outside the fertilizer frame 51 and positioned on two sides, the movable blocks 502 are arranged between the impact blocks 500 and positioned inside the fertilizer frame 51, and a plurality of fourth pressure springs 501 are arranged in front of the movable blocks 502; the support mechanism 1 comprises a travelling wheel 101, a stop lever 102, a main shaft 103, a first connecting frame 104, a second connecting frame 105, a fixed connecting frame 106, a support plate 107, a first pressure spring 108, a second pressure spring 109, a main beam 110 and a connecting column 111, wherein two second connecting frames 105 are arranged outside a support shaft 401, the rear part of each second connecting frame 105 is provided with the first connecting frame 104, the outside of each first connecting frame 104 and each second connecting frame 105 is provided with the fixed connecting frame 106, the bottom of each fixed connecting frame 106 is provided with the support plate 107, the upper part of the support plate 107 is provided with the first pressure spring 108, the upper part of the first pressure spring 108 is provided with the main beam 110, the upper part of the main beam 110 is provided with the second pressure spring 109, the rear part of the main beam 110 is provided with the connecting column 111 below, the inside of the connecting column 111 is provided with the main shaft 103 at the bottom, the two sides of the main shaft 103 are provided with the travelling wheel 101, and the inner side of the travelling wheel 101 is provided with a plurality of stop levers 102; the walking wheel 101 is welded with the main shaft 103, the stop lever 102 is connected with the walking wheel 101 through bolts, the first connecting frame 104 is rotationally connected with the main shaft 103, the second connecting frame 105 is rotationally connected with the supporting shaft 401, the first connecting frame 104 and the second connecting frame 105 are rotationally connected with the fixed connecting frame 106, the supporting plate 107 is welded with the fixed connecting frame 106, the main beam 110 is slidingly connected with the fixed connecting frame 106, the first pressure spring 108 is respectively welded with the supporting plate 107 and the main beam 110, the second pressure spring 109 is respectively welded with the fixed connecting frame 106 and the main beam 110, the connecting column 111 is welded with the main beam 110, and the connecting column 111 is rotationally connected with the main shaft 103; the grooving mechanism 2 comprises a support frame 201, a first connecting support 202, a second connecting support 203, a connecting frame 204 and a triangular cutter 205, wherein the support frame 201 is arranged below the main beam 110 and positioned at the rear part of the connecting column 111, the first connecting support 202 and the second connecting support 203 are respectively arranged at the rear part of the support frame 201, the connecting frame 204 is arranged at the bottom of the support frame 201, and the triangular cutter 205 is arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame 204; the support frame 201 is welded with the main beam 110, the first connecting support 202 and the second connecting support 203 are welded with the main beam 110, the connecting frame 204 is connected with the support frame 201 through bolts, and the triangular cutter 205 is welded with the connecting frame 204; the burying mechanism 3 comprises a fixed shaft 301, a connecting arm 302 and a burying roller 303, wherein the fixed shaft 301 is arranged outside the travelling wheel 101, the connecting arm 302 is arranged outside the fixed shaft 301, and the burying roller 303 is arranged at the front end of the connecting arm 302; the fixed shaft 301 is welded with the travelling wheel 101, the connecting arm 302 is rotationally connected with the fixed shaft 301, and the buried roller 303 is in bearing connection with the connecting arm 302; the support shaft 401 is rotationally connected with the second connecting frame 105, the connecting beam 402 is welded with the support shaft 401, the seed frame 403 is connected with the connecting beam 402 through bolts, the reinforcing ribs 404 are respectively welded with the seed frame 403 and the second connecting frame 105, the ratchet template 405 and the pawl 406 are rotationally connected with the seed frame 403, the upper cover 415 is connected with the seed frame 403 through hinges, and two conical leakage holes are formed in the seed frame 403; the sowing wheel 407 is respectively welded with the supporting shaft 401, the positioning clamping plate 408 and the fixing pin 409, the rotating frame 410 is rotationally connected with the fixing pin 409, the collision ring 411 is rotationally connected with the rotating frame 410, the collision frame 412 is welded with the rotating frame 410, the third pressure spring 413 is welded with the collision frame 412 and the supporting arm 414, and the supporting arm 414 is welded with the second connecting frame 105; the supporting beam 52 is respectively welded with the fertilizer frame 51 and the main beam 110, the discharging pipe 53 is welded with the fertilizer frame 51, the impact block 500 is rotationally connected with the fertilizer frame 51, two ends of the movable block 502 are respectively connected with the impact block 500 and the fertilizer frame 51 in a sliding manner, and the fourth pressure spring 501 is respectively welded with the movable block 502 and the fertilizer frame 51.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 10 to 12, this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the quantity control assembly 54 comprises a wheel frame 503, an eccentric wheel 504, a first connecting rod 505, a second connecting rod 506, a connecting bracket 507 and a discharge head 508, wherein two wheel frames 503 are arranged below the fertilizer frame 51, the eccentric wheel 504 is arranged at the bottom of the wheel frame 503, the first connecting rod 505 is arranged outside the eccentric wheel 504, the second connecting rod 506 is arranged above the first connecting rod 505, the connecting bracket 507 is arranged at the top end of the second connecting rod 506, and the discharge head 508 is arranged outside the connecting bracket 507; the wheel frame 503 is welded with the supporting frame 201, the eccentric wheel 504 is connected with the wheel frame 503 through a bearing, the first connecting rod 505 is rotationally connected with the eccentric wheel 504, the second connecting rod 506 is rotationally connected with the first connecting rod 505, and the connecting bracket 507 is welded with the connecting bracket 507 and the discharging head 508 respectively.

Working principle: firstly pouring seeds into a seed frame 403, pouring fertilizer into a fertilizer frame 51, adjusting a ratchet template 405 to adjust a proper aperture according to the size of the seeds so as to control the flow of the seeds, connecting a first connecting support 202 and a second connecting support 203 with a tractor when in use, digging a groove by a triangular digging knife 205 when moving, and enabling a stop lever 102 to strike a striking block 500 when a travelling wheel 101 rotates, so that a movable block 502 moves, the fertilizer enters a connecting frame 204 from a discharging pipe 53 and finally falls into an opened groove, or enabling a first connecting rod 505 to drive a second connecting rod 506 to move when an eccentric wheel 504 rotates, enabling a connecting support 507 to drive a discharging head 508 to move up and down, and enabling the fertilizer to flow down to the discharging pipe 53 through the discharging head 508 and finally to the opened groove.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional crops precision planter, includes supporting mechanism (1), groover (2), buries mechanism (3), supporting mechanism (1) outside is provided with buries mechanism (3), supporting mechanism (1) rear portion is provided with groover (2), its characterized in that: the quantitative seeding machine further comprises a quantitative seeding mechanism (4) and a fertilizing mechanism (5), wherein the fertilizing mechanism (5) is arranged above the grooving mechanism (2), and the quantitative seeding mechanism (4) is arranged at the front part of the fertilizing mechanism (5); the quantitative sowing mechanism (4) comprises a supporting shaft (401), a connecting beam (402), a seed frame (403), reinforcing ribs (404), a ratchet template (405), pawls (406), a sowing wheel (407), a positioning clamping plate (408), fixing pins (409), a rotating frame (410), a bumping ring (411), a bumping frame (412), a third pressure spring (413), a supporting arm (414) and an upper cover (415), wherein the supporting shaft (401) is arranged inside and at the front part, the connecting beam (402) is arranged outside the supporting shaft (401), the reinforcing ribs (402) are arranged above the connecting beam (402), the seed frame (403) is arranged at the bottom of the seed frame (403), the two ratchet templates (405) are arranged inside and at the two sides of the seed frame (403), the pawls (406) are arranged outside the ratchet templates (405), the sowing wheel (407) are arranged at the two sides of the supporting shaft (401), a plurality of the positioning clamping plates (408) are arranged outside the sowing wheel (407), the fixing pins (409) are arranged outside the rotating frame (409), the top end of the rotating frame (410) is provided with the collision ring (411) and the collision frame (412), the third pressure spring (413) is arranged outside the collision frame (412), and the supporting arm (414) is arranged below the third pressure spring (413); the fertilizing mechanism (5) comprises a fertilizer frame (51), a supporting beam (52), a discharging pipe (53), a quantity control component (54) and a protective cover (509), wherein the supporting beam (52) is arranged inside the supporting mechanism (1) and positioned at the rear part, the fertilizer frame (51) is arranged above the supporting beam (52), the protective cover (509) is arranged above the fertilizer frame (51), two discharging pipes (53) are arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer frame (51), and the quantity control component (54) is arranged inside the fertilizer frame (51);

the amount control assembly (54) comprises impact blocks (500), fourth pressure springs (501) and movable blocks (502), wherein the impact blocks (500) are arranged on the outer sides and located on the two sides of the fertilizer frame (51), the movable blocks (502) are arranged between the impact blocks (500) and located inside the fertilizer frame (51), and a plurality of the fourth pressure springs (501) are arranged on the front portions of the movable blocks (502).

2. The multifunctional crop precision planter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the utility model provides a control volume subassembly (54) is including wheel frame (503), eccentric wheel (504), first connecting rod (505), second connecting rod (506), linking bridge (507), discharge head (508), fertilizer frame (51) below is provided with two wheel frame (503), wheel frame (503) bottom is provided with eccentric wheel (504), eccentric wheel (504) outside is provided with first connecting rod (505), first connecting rod (505) top is provided with second connecting rod (506), second connecting rod (506) top is provided with linking bridge (507), linking bridge (507) outside is provided with discharge head (508).

3. The multifunctional crop precision planter as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the supporting mechanism (1) comprises a travelling wheel (101), a stop lever (102), a main shaft (103), a first connecting frame (104), a second connecting frame (105), a fixed connecting frame (106), a supporting plate (107), a first pressure spring (108), a second pressure spring (109), a main beam (110) and a connecting column (111), two second connecting frames (105) are arranged outside the supporting shaft (401), the first connecting frame (104) is arranged at the rear part of the second connecting frame (105), the fixed connecting frame (106) is arranged outside the first connecting frame (104) and the second connecting frame (105), the bottom of the fixed connecting frame (106) is provided with the supporting plate (107), the first pressure spring (108) is arranged above the supporting plate (107), the second pressure spring (109) is arranged above the main beam (110), the rear part of the main beam (110) is provided with the first connecting frame (104) and is arranged below the connecting column (103), the main shaft (103) is arranged at the bottom of the main shaft (101), a plurality of stop rods (102) are arranged on the inner side of the travelling wheel (101); the walking wheel (101) with main shaft (103) welded connection, pin (102) with walking wheel (101) bolted connection, first link (104) with main shaft (103) rotate to be connected, second link (105) with back shaft (401) rotate to be connected, first link (104) with second link (105) all with fixed connection frame (106) rotate to be connected, backup pad (107) with fixed connection frame (106) welded connection, girder (110) with fixed connection frame (106) sliding connection, first compression spring (108) respectively with backup pad (107) with girder (110) welded connection, second compression spring (109) respectively with fixed connection frame (106) with girder (110) welded connection, spliced pole (111) with main shaft (103) rotate to be connected.

4. A multi-functional crop precision planter according to claim 3, characterized in that: the grooving mechanism (2) comprises a supporting frame (201), a first connecting support (202), a second connecting support (203), a connecting frame (204) and a triangular cutter (205), wherein the supporting frame (201) is arranged below the main beam (110) and positioned at the rear part of the connecting column (111), the first connecting support (202) and the second connecting support (203) are respectively arranged at the rear part of the supporting frame (201), the connecting frame (204) is arranged at the bottom of the supporting frame (201), and the triangular cutter (205) is arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame (204); the support frame (201) with girder (110) welded connection, first connection support (202) with second connection support (203) all with girder (110) welded connection, connecting frame (204) with support frame (201) bolted connection, triangle digger (205) with connecting frame (204) welded connection.

5. The multifunctional crop precision planter as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the burying mechanism (3) comprises a fixed shaft (301), a connecting arm (302) and a burying roller (303), wherein the fixed shaft (301) is arranged outside the travelling wheel (101), the connecting arm (302) is arranged outside the fixed shaft (301), and the burying roller (303) is arranged at the front end of the connecting arm (302); the fixed shaft (301) is welded with the travelling wheel (101), the connecting arm (302) is rotatably connected with the fixed shaft (301), and the buried roller (303) is in bearing connection with the connecting arm (302).

6. The multifunctional crop precision planter as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the utility model discloses a seed frame, including seed frame (403), back shaft (401) with back shaft (105) rotate to be connected, connecting beam (402) with back shaft (401) welded connection, seed frame (403) with connecting beam (402) bolted connection, strengthening rib (404) respectively with seed frame (403) with second link (105) welded connection, ratchet template (405) with pawl (406) all with seed frame (403) rotate to be connected, upper cover (415) with seed frame (403) hinged connection, seed frame (403) inside is provided with two toper leak.

7. The multifunctional crop precision planter as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the seeding wheel (407) respectively with back shaft (401) location cardboard (408) fixed pin (409) welded connection, swivel mount (410) with fixed pin (409) rotate to be connected, hit ring (411) with swivel mount (410) rotate to be connected, hit frame (412) with swivel mount (410) welded connection, third compression spring (413) with hit frame (412) with support arm (414) welded connection, support arm (414) with second link (105) welded connection.

8. The multifunctional crop precision planter of claim 7, wherein: the utility model provides a fertilizer frame (51), girder (110) are connected in a hinged manner, a supporting beam (52) respectively with fertilizer frame (51) with girder (110) welded connection, visor (509) with fertilizer frame (51) hinged connection, fertilizer frame (51) inside is provided with two toper leak holes, discharging pipe (53) with fertilizer frame (51) welded connection, striking piece (500) with fertilizer frame (51) rotate to be connected, movable piece (502) both ends respectively with striking piece (500) with fertilizer frame (51) sliding connection, fourth pressure spring (501) respectively with movable piece (502) with fertilizer frame (51) welded connection.

9. The multifunctional crop precision planter as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the wheel frame (503) with support frame (201) welded connection, eccentric wheel (504) with wheel frame (503) bearing connection, first connecting rod (505) with eccentric wheel (504) rotate to be connected, second connecting rod (506) with first connecting rod (505) rotate to be connected, linking bridge (507) respectively with linking bridge (507) with discharge head (508) welded connection.