JP4005471B2 - Combined work machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, a fertilizer / seeding machine equipped with a fertilizer / seeding device provided with a pressure reduction / grooving roller on the front side is connected to the rear of a rotary tiller provided with a coulter on the front side, so that the cultivation work and the fertilization / seeding work are performed in one step. It relates to a multi-task machine that was made in
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a work technique for performing fertilization and sowing work with a fertilizer and sowing apparatus after plowing with a rotary tiller is well known. In this work technology, the work efficiency is poor because the work of plowing and fertilization and sowing are performed separately in two strokes, and the cost is high because two work machines are required, and if it rains after the work of plowing, The fertilizer and sowing device could not be put in the field for a while, and there was a risk of missing the optimal time for work. Therefore, there has been proposed a combined working machine in which a fertilizer / seeding machine is attached to the rear portion of the rotary tiller so that the tilling work and the fertilizing / seeding work are performed in one stroke (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document). 2, see Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-203716 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-41512 [Patent Document 3]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-41513 [Patent Document 4]
JP-A-10-327614
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The ones described in Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3 are each provided with a pressure reducing roller at the rear of the fertilizer / seeding apparatus, and those described in Patent Document 4 are prepared in front of the fertilizer / seeding apparatus. Although the groove body and the pressure-reducing body are provided at the rear, the work accuracy is improved, but if there are a lot of rice, wheat straw etc. in the field, the sowing accuracy in the soil will be poor, so the sowing accuracy will be inferior. There was a risk that the germination rate was lowered and the yield was reduced.
The present invention was made for the purpose of solving the above-described problems, and is a fertilizer provided with a fertilizer application / seeding device provided with a pressure reduction / grooving roller on the front side at the rear of a rotary tiller provided with a plurality of coulters on the front side. -It is intended to provide a combined working machine that connects sowing machines, performs tillage work and fertilization sowing work in one step, improves sowing accuracy, improves germination rate, and stabilizes yield.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by including the following configuration (claims 1 , 2 ).
A. In a combined working machine that connects a fertilizer and seeder equipped with a fertilizer and seeding device at the rear of a rotary tiller,
Plurality arranged adjustable lateral spacing vertically adjustable Coulter in the lateral direction in front of the rotary cultivator, those of the left and right ends of the plurality of Coulter, when the rotary tiller is up-cut form Chen It is located in front of the transmission case plate and the support frame, and is arranged so as to be positioned inside the chain transmission case plate and the support frame when the rotary tiller is of the down cut type. It is configured to rotate by resistance that comes into contact with soil when it moves, or to be forcibly driven by power .
[0006]
B. A pressure reducing / grooving roller provided on the front side of the fertilizer application / sowing device so as to be vertically adjustable with respect to the rotary tilling device and to be forcibly driven by power, a cylindrical pressure reducing roller extending in the width direction of the airframe, An abacus ball-shaped groove forming roller provided integrally at a central position in the length direction of the pressure reducing roller.
[0007]
[Action]
With the above configuration, the multi-task machine of the present invention operates as follows.
a. A plurality of coulters that can be adjusted in the vertical direction are arranged in front of the rotary tiller, and the plurality of coulters are rotated by a resistance that comes into contact with the soil when the rotary tiller moves, or are forcedly rotated by power. Thus, rice, wheat straw and the like scattered in the field are cut into a predetermined length by a plurality of coulters, and pressed to improve tillage work accuracy. It also has a positive effect on fertilization and sowing operations.
b. By making the left and right intervals of each coulter adjustable, the left and right intervals of multiple coulters are adjusted according to the number of rice and wheat straws scattered in the field, so that rice and wheat straws are properly treated. .
[0008]
c. The left and right ends of the plurality of coulters are positioned in front of the chain transmission case plate and the support frame when the rotary tiller is an upcut type, and the chain transmission case plate when the rotary tiller is a downcut type. By arranging so as to be located inside the support frame, even if the tilled soil is discharged to the front side of the rotary tiller when the rotary tiller is of up-cut type, it is not affected by the discharged tillage soil In addition, the coulters on the left and right ends cut in front of the chain transmission case plate and the support frame so that the rice, wheat straw and the like are cut and buried, and the discharged cultivated soil is prevented from flowing out to the side . In addition, when the rotary tiller is of the down cut type, the tilled soil is discharged to the rear side of the rotary tiller, so that even if the coulters on both the left and right sides of the chain transmission case plate and the support frame are cut, It functions well and rice, wheat straw etc. are cut short and buried .
d. On the front side of the fertilizer / seeding device, a pressure reducing / grooving roller that can be adjusted up and down with respect to the rotary tiller and is forced to rotate by power is a cylindrical pressure reducing roller extending in the width direction of the machine body and this pressure reducing roller. It is equipped with an abacus ball-shaped grooving roller that is integrally provided at the center in the length direction of the roller, so that the soil cultivated by the rotary tiller is crushed by the pressure squeezing roller before fertilizing and sowing work.・ Stable sowing depth improves fertilizing and sowing accuracy. Moreover, since the groove is formed by the groove-growing roller at the central position of the pressure-reducing work width, the drainage is good, and it becomes a marker when performing middle tillage and weeding work.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotary tiller of the first embodiment according to the present invention. This rotary tiller 1 is provided with a gear box 3 at the center in the length direction of a main body frame 2 extending in the left-right direction. A transmission frame 2a and a support frame 2b are formed extending from the gear box 3 to both sides. A chain transmission case plate 4 is attached to the side end portion of the transmission frame 2a, and a support frame 5 is suspended from the side end portion of the support frame 2b with the upper ends thereof fixed thereto. An up-cut type tiller rotor UR is pivotally supported between the lower end portion of the support frame 5. The top of the tilling rotor UR is covered with a shield cover 6 supported by the main body frame 2, and the front end portion of the apron 7 is pivotally supported by the rear end portion of the shield cover 6 so as to be rotatable up and down. Further, the front end portion of the flat plate 8 is pivotally supported at the rear end portion of the apron 7 so as to be rotatable up and down, and the extended flat plate 8a is provided at both left and right end portions of the flat plate 8 so as to be tilted up and down. . Compression rods 9 and 9 are interposed between the upper surface of the apron 7 and the main body frame 2.
[0010]
A support pipe 10 having a square shape in a side view is supported diagonally forward and downward from the main body frame 2 in parallel with the main body frame 2, and support holders 11, 11 that form a pair of left and right are provided on the support pipe 10. A support arm 12 is inserted into the support holder 11 so as to be vertically adjustable, and a shaft support portion 13 is attached to the lower end portion of the support arm 12. The shaft support portion 13 is rotated by a length equal to the length of the rotary tiller 1. A shaft 14 is pivotally supported. The rotary shaft 14 is provided with six coulters 15 located in front of the tilling rotor UR at equal intervals, and each coulter 15 is moved in the axial direction with respect to the rotary shaft 14 by the mounting portion 15a. The interval between the coulters 15 can be adjusted. The coulter 15 of this embodiment rotates by a grounding resistance in contact with the soil when the rotary tiller 1 moves, but it may be forced to rotate by power. When the tilling rotor is an upcut UR, the end 15S of the plurality of coulters 15 is disposed in front of the chain transmission case plate 4 and the support frame 5 as shown in FIG. In the case of the down cut DR shown in FIG. 5, it is disposed inside the chain transmission case plate 4 and the support frame 5.
[0011]
Reference numeral 16 denotes a rotary tiller for an input shaft (see FIG. 5) protruding forward from the gear box 3 from a tractor (not shown) to which the rotary tiller 1 is mounted via a PTO shaft, a universal joint, and a transmission shaft. 1 is a transmission device that automatically connects and transmits power by the operation of attaching 1 to a tractor. The power transmission release operation and the automatic connection standby operation by the transmission device 16 are performed by the transmission operation lever 17. A pair of left and right lower link connecting portions 2c, 2c protrudes forward from the main body frame 2, and are automatically connected to the lower link connecting portions 2c, 2c via an auto hitch coupler 18. The auto hitch coupler 18 is provided with a top link connecting portion 19 and a top mast engaging hook 20 on the upper side, and a lower link connecting pin 22 on both lower sides, and the auto hitch coupler 18 is attached to the three-point link hitch of the tractor, When the top mast engaging hook 20 is engaged with the top mast 21 of the rotary tiller 1 and the rotary tiller 1 is lifted by hydraulic pressure, the lower both sides of the auto hitch coupler 18 are automatically connected to the lower link connecting pins 22, The tillage device 1 is mounted on the rear part of the tractor so as to be movable up and down.
[0012]
The left and right sides of the shield cover 6 and the apron 7 are covered with a side cover 23, and the work of the rotary tiller 1 is performed on the lower front side of the chain transmission case plate 4 and the support frame 5 below the front part of the side cover 23. A guide plate 24 that guides rice straw and wheat straw on the surface of the field to the lower side of the chain transmission case plate 4 or the support frame 5 as the machine moves is provided. A pair of left and right work machine connection frames 25 are supported from the main body frame 2 to the rear so that the work machine connection frames 25 and 25 can be turned up and down around the distal end pivot support portion 25a. A vertical adjustment device 27 is interposed between the longitudinal intermediate portion of the flange 26 and the main body frame 2. The work machine connection frames 25 and 25 constitute a detachable composite work machine by inserting and inserting the connection rods 31 and 31 of the fertilizer and seeding machine 30 as other work machines from the rear end side.
[0013]
The fertilizer application / seeding machine 30 has a pair of left and right connecting rods 31 protruding forward from the machine body, and the connecting rods 31, 31 are fitted and attached to the work machine connecting frames 25, 25 of the rotary tiller 1. Then, by rotating the vertical adjustment device 27, the fertilizer application and seeding machine 30 can be adjusted to move up and down with respect to the rotary tiller 1. A vertical adjustment mechanism 32 and a longitudinal angle adjustment mechanism 33 are provided at the front end portion of the main body frame 34 of the fertilizer application / sowing machine 30 so that the vertical height and the longitudinal angle of the fertilizer application / sowing machine 30 can be adjusted. A support frame 34a having a square shape in a side view is supported on the main body frame 34 so as to extend in the left-right direction, and a plurality of sets (two sets in this embodiment) of fertilizing / seeding units can be adjusted to move left and right on the support frame 34a. It is attached. In each fertilization / seeding unit, a fertilizer hopper 35 and a seed hopper 36 are provided integrally in the front and rear, and fertilizer and seeds are fed by a fertilizer feeding roll 35a and a seed feeding roll 36a that are pivotally supported on the bottoms of both hoppers 35 and 36.
[0014]
At the rear of the hoppers 35 and 36, the upper end is pivotally supported with respect to the support frame 34a, and is grounded to the rear end of the chain transmission case 38 that is supported by the compression rod 38a and inclined obliquely toward the lower rear. Rotating power obtained by pivotally supporting the wheel 37 and rotationally driving the grounded driving wheel 37 in contact with the field as the machine moves is transmitted through the chain transmission case 38 to the rotation center of the fertilizer feeding roll 35a. And is transmitted to a rotating shaft 38b extending in parallel with the support frame 34a. The fertilizer feeding roll 35a is slidable left and right in the transmission state with respect to the rotating shaft 38b, and rotational power is transmitted from the fertilizer feeding roll 35a to the seed feeding roll 36a via a gear transmission mechanism (not shown). The fertilizer fed from the fertilizer feed roll 35a is guided and fertilized by the fertilizer chute 35b, and the seed fed from the seed feed roll 36a is guided by the seed chute 36b and sown. The fertilizer chute 35b and the seed chute 36b are shifted left and right, and the fertilization position and the sowing position are shifted left and right.
[0015]
Below the fertilizer feed roll 35a and the seed feed roll 36a, a swing frame 39 whose front end is supported by a pair of upper and lower parallel links 40 and a balance spring 41 is provided so as to be swingable up and down. A space between the swing frame 39 and the fertilizer feeding roll 35a and the seed feeding roll 36a is covered with a bellows-shaped waterproof cover. The swing frame 39 is provided with an open groove disk 42 including two disks, a cover ring 43 and a pressure reducing roller 44 in order from the front. A support frame 45 having a gate shape is fixed to the rear ends of the connecting rods 31, 31, and pressure reducing / grooving rollers 46 and 47 are pivotally supported between lower ends of the support frame 45. The pressure reducing / grooving rollers 46, 47 are provided with an abacus ball-shaped groove forming roller 47 at a central position in the length direction of the pressure reducing roller 46. The pressure reducing / grooving rollers 46 and 47 are provided on one side of the support frame 45 and are forcibly rotated by a hydraulic motor 48 that rotates by receiving pressure oil from a hydraulic hose 48a. Alternatively, without providing the hydraulic motor 48a, the pressure reducing / grooving rollers 46 and 47 may be rotated by the grounding resistance in contact with the soil when the machine moves. The connecting rods 31, 31 and the support frame 45 (pressure reduction / grooving rollers 46, 47) can be attached to and detached from the main body frame 34 via the hitch fitting 31a.
[0016]
The rotary tiller 1 of the second embodiment according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 is different from the rotary tiller 1 of the first embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the tiller rotor is changed from the up cut type UR to the down cut type. The rotary rotor DR is the same as the rotary tiller 1 of the first embodiment except that the arrangement structure of the coulter 15 with respect to the tiller rotor is changed. That is, the coulter 15 in the rotary tiller 1 of the second embodiment has four coulters 15 arranged at equal intervals on the rotating shaft 14 in front of the tilling rotor DR. The part 15a can be moved and fixed in the axial direction with respect to the rotary shaft 14, and the mutual interval between the coulters 15 can be adjusted. As shown in FIG. 4, the four coulters 15 at both ends 15S are arranged inside the chain transmission case plate 4 and the support frame 5 of the tilling rotor DR. The fertilizer application / sowing machine 30 of the second embodiment is the same as the fertilizer application / sowing machine 30 of the first embodiment.
[0017]
The rotary tiller 1 of the first embodiment and the second embodiment can be used alone for normal tillage work. However, as shown in FIGS. The fertilizer / seeding machine 30 is attached via a connecting rod 31 and used as a combined work machine.
[0018]
Next, operation | movement of the rotary tiller 1 provided with such a structure and the fertilizer application / seeding machine 30 is demonstrated.
The rotary tiller 1 and the fertilizer / seeder 30 connect the front part of the rotary tiller 1 to the rear part of the tractor so that it can be raised and lowered. In the rotary tiller 1, the power is received by the gear box 3 from the tractor, and the tiller rotor UR. Or, DR is rotated in a predetermined direction to perform tillage work. Moreover, in the fertilizer application / seeding machine 30, the fertilizer application / seeding operation is performed on the field scene cultivated by the rotary tiller 1 while moving with the rotary tiller 1.
[0019]
In the rotary tiller 1, even if there is a large amount of rice barley on the surface of the field to be cultivated, it is cut short by a plurality of coulters 15, or is pushed into the soil and buried, so that the cultivating rotor Appropriate tillage work is performed by UR or DR. Also, among the plurality of coulters 15, the ones 15S at both ends are arranged in front of the chain transmission case plate 4 and the support frame 5 when the tilling rotor is upcut UR, and the chain transmission case plate 4 and the support frame when the tiller rotor is downcut DR. 5, even if there are a lot of rice and wheat straw on the surface of the field to be cultivated by the rotary cultivator 1, the up cut UR and the down cut DR are used. Accordingly, the rice and wheat straw are cut by the coulter 15 on the front side of the chain transmission case plate 4 and the support frame 5, and stable tilling work is performed. Further, since the guide plate 24 is disposed on the lower front side of the chain transmission case plate 4 and the lower front side of the support frame 5, the straw transmission cut by the coulter 15 is removed by the guide plate 24 by the chain transmission case plate 4 and the support frame. 5, the chain transmission case plate 4 and the lower part of the support frame 5 are prevented from being clogged with long straws.
[0020]
Further, even if there are a large amount of rice and wheat straw on the surface of the field to be cultivated with the rotary cultivator 1, the cultivating rotor is cultivated by the cultivating rotor UR or DR after being cut short by the coulter 15. This prevents the straw from being wound around the rotating shaft of the UR or DR or the attachment base of the tilling claw. The soil cultivated by the cultivation rotor UR or DR is crushed and leveled by the shield cover 6, apron 7, flat plate 8, etc., but since the long straw straw is cut by the coulter 15, The mixture is satisfactorily mixed, so that many straws are not exposed on the soil surface, and the fertilization and sowing work by the fertilizer and sowing machine 30 can be performed with high accuracy.
[0021]
In the fertilizer / seeding machine 30, the rotary tiller 1 is used to cultivate and level the ground before the fertilization and sowing work by the pressure-reducing / grooving rollers 46 and 47 that are provided at the front of the machine and are forcibly driven by a hydraulic motor 48. The flattened field scene is crushed and flattened by the crushed roller 46, and a drain groove is formed by the grooving roller 47 at an intermediate position between the two fertilizer and sowing units. In addition to draining, this drainage ditch is a landmark for management work such as mid-plowing, weeding, and cultivation of fertilized and seeded germinated and grown crops. Then, a sowing groove is opened by the open groove disk 42 in the field scene that has been suppressed by the pressure reducing roller 46, and seeded from the seed chute 36b to the sowing groove. Moreover, it is fertilized by the fertilizer chute 35b to the side of the sowing position. The seed S sowed and the fertilizer that has been fertilized are covered with a soil covering ring 43 and then pressed by a pressure reducing roller 44. If there are irregularities in the field during the groove opening work by the groove opening disk 42, the earth covering work by the earth covering ring 43, and the pressure reducing work by the pressure reducing roller 44, the swing frame is provided via the parallel link 40 and the balance spring 41. 39 swings up and down, and performs stable work following the unevenness of the field.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the combined fertilizer / seeder working machine according to the present invention has the following effects by including the configuration according to claims 1 and 2 .
(1) A plurality of coulters that can be adjusted up and down are arranged in front of the rotary tiller in the left-right direction, and the plurality of coulters are rotated by resistance in contact with the soil when the rotary tiller moves, or forced by power. Since it is driven and rotated, a large amount of rice, wheat straw, etc. scattered in the field can be cut into a predetermined length by a plurality of coulters and pressed to improve tillage work accuracy. And it also has a positive effect on the work by the fertilizer and sowing device, and the work accuracy can be improved.
(2) Since the left and right intervals of each coulter can be adjusted, the left and right intervals of multiple coulters can be adjusted according to the amount of rice and wheat straw that is scattered in the field. Can be processed.
[0023]
(3) Among the multiple coulters, the ones on both the left and right sides are positioned in front of the chain transmission case plate and the support frame when the rotary tiller is of the upcut type, and the chain transmission when the rotary tiller is of the downcut type. Since it is arranged so that it is located inside the case plate and the support frame, even if the tilled soil is discharged to the front side of the rotary tiller when the rotary tiller is of up-cut type, it is affected by the discharged tilled soil Without any change, the coulters on both the left and right sides of the chain transmission case plate and the support frame can cut and bury rice and wheat straw etc. , and the drained cultivated soil can flow sideways. Can be prevented . In addition, when the rotary tiller is of the down cut type, the tilled soil is discharged to the rear side of the rotary tiller, so that the coulters on both the left and right sides of the chain transmission case plate and the support frame cut the rice.・ Wheat straw etc. can be cut short and buried .
(4) A pressure reducing / grooving roller provided on the front side of the fertilizer application / sowing device so as to be vertically adjustable with respect to the rotary tillage device and forcibly driven by power is a cylindrical pressure reducing roller extending in the width direction of the machine body. Since it has an abacus ball-shaped groove forming roller that is integrally provided at the central position in the longitudinal direction of the pressure reducing roller, the soil cultivated by the rotary cultivator is used by the pressure reducing roller before performing fertilization and sowing work. The pressure can be reduced, the fertilization and sowing depth can be stabilized, and the accuracy of fertilization and sowing can be improved. Further, since the groove is formed by the groove-growing roller at the central position of the pressure reduction work width, the drainage is good, and it can be used as a marker when performing middle tillage and weeding work.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a first embodiment of a multi-task machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a second embodiment of the multi-task machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing details of a second embodiment of the multi-task machine according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotary tillage device 2 Main body frame 2a Transmission frame 2b Support frame 2c Lower link connection part 3 Gear box 4 Chain transmission case plate 5 Support frame UR Upcut tillage rotor DR Downcut tillage rotor 6 Shield cover 7 Apron 8 Flat plate 9, 38a Compression rod 10 Support pipe 11 Support holder 12 Support arm 13 Shaft support portion 14 Rotating shaft 15 Coulter 15a Mounting portion 15S Coulter 16 at both ends Transmission device 17 Transmission operation lever 18 Auto hitch coupler 19 Top link connecting portion 20 Top mast engagement hook 21 Top Mast 22 Lower link connecting pin 23 Side cover 24 Guide plate 25 Working machine connecting frame 26 Connecting rod 27 Vertical adjustment device 30 Fertilizer / seeding machine 31 Connecting rod 32 Vertical adjustment mechanism 33 Front and rear Degree adjustment mechanism 34 Main body frame 34a Support frame 35 Fertilizer hopper 35a Fertilizer feeding roll 35b Fertilizer chute 36 Seed hopper 36a Seed feeding roll 36b Seed chute 37 Ground drive wheel 38 Chain transmission case 38b Rotating shaft 39 Swing frame 40 Parallel link 41 Balance spring 42 Opening disc 43 Covering ring 44 Pressure reducing roller 45 Support frame 46 Pressure reducing roller 47 Grooving roller 48 Hydraulic motor 48a Hydraulic hose

Claims (2)

In a combined working machine that connects a fertilizer and seeder equipped with a fertilizer and seeding device at the rear of a rotary tiller,
Plurality arranged adjustable lateral spacing vertically adjustable Coulter in the lateral direction in front of the rotary cultivator, those of the left and right ends of the plurality of Coulter, when the rotary tiller is up-cut form Chen It is located in front of the transmission case plate and the support frame, and is arranged so as to be positioned inside the chain transmission case plate and the support frame when the rotary tiller is of the down cut type. A multi-tasking machine characterized in that when it moves, it is configured to rotate by resistance in contact with soil or to be forcibly driven by power. A pressure reducing / grooving roller provided on the front side of the fertilizer application / seeding device so as to be vertically adjustable with respect to the rotary tilling device and to be forcibly driven by power, a cylindrical pressure reducing roller extending in the width direction of the machine body, The combined work machine according to claim 1, further comprising: an abacus-shaped groove forming roller provided integrally at a central position in the length direction of the pressure reducing roller.

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