JP7473999B1 - Tillage and ridge-making sowing machine and tillage and ridge-making sowing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a tillage and ridge-making sowing machine and tillage and ridge-making sowing method that has a simple configuration and is suitably applied to tillage and ridge-making sowing, and in particular, can maintain the ridge height and sowing depth within a preset range and always keep them appropriate. [Solution] A rotary tilling device is mounted on a tractor so that it can be raised and lowered, multiple seed drills are mounted on the rotary tilling device, a swing frame is pivotally connected to the rear end of a parallel link that is pivotally supported on the seed drill, and a biasing spring is interposed on the diagonal of the parallel link, and a furrow making disk, a soil covering disk, and a pressure wheel attached to the swing frame that is biased to rotate downward move up and down while rotating with the parallel link biased downward according to the unevenness of the ridge surface. In this simultaneous tilling and ridge making seed drill, a wire is provided connecting the diagonal pins of the parallel links, and the wire is connected to an operating mechanism that operates the lifting and lowering drive of the three-point link mechanism by the lifting and lowering drive unit of the tractor. [Selected drawing] Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a tilling and ridge-making sowing machine that is attached to the rear of a rotary tilling device towed by a towing vehicle such as a tractor or cultivator and that is composed of a ridge-making machine and a sowing machine, and a tilling and ridge-making sowing method that uses the same.

Recently, a technique for reducing moisture damage, called "tilling and simultaneous ridge sowing," has been developed and put into practice, which allows for stable cultivation of wheat, soybeans, and other crops on heavy clay soil.

However, when tilling and seeding at the same time, the tow vehicle's body will inevitably move up and down depending on the state of the soil and the tilling conditions. The attached rotary will also move up and down, and the tilling depth will not be constant, which will cause the height of the ridges to fluctuate. Even if the height and position of the seeder is properly adjusted, it will not be able to follow the unevenness of the ridge surface, so the seeds may not be delivered or the sowing depth may be uneven, hindering normal crop growth. In this case, the appropriate sowing depth is 3cm to 5cm.

In order to prevent such a situation, the driver must sit in the seat of the tractor towing the tillage and ridge-making seeding machine and monitor the shape of the ridges being formed behind it as well as the height and position of the seeding machine while driving the tractor in a straight line. This is not only dangerous and difficult, but also requires manual reseeding of seeds and covering the seeds exposed on the ridge surface with soil after the machine work, which significantly reduces the productivity of tillage and ridge-making seeding work. Also, to maintain the seeding depth at the preset 3 to 5 cm, it is necessary to maintain the ridge height at the time of adjustment during the sowing work, which requires monitoring the rotary tillage depth to keep it constant and repeatedly raising and lowering the rotary, which is extremely difficult.

Currently, the automatic tillage depth control mechanism that keeps the tillage depth of the rotary constant is standard equipment on tractors from each manufacturer, and is shown in, for example, Patent Document 1. This is mainly used for rough plowing and puddling in paddy rice cultivation, and for tilling and leveling work before sowing in field crops, and automatic tillage depth control is achieved by transmitting the up and down movement of the leveling plate at the rear of the rotary to the tractor. On the other hand, in tilling and ridge-making sowing, it is necessary to make ridges with the rotary, that is, to lift up the leveling plate, so there is no premise that the up and down movement of the leveling plate will be transmitted to the tractor in the first place, and therefore the rotary is not equipped with this mechanism or is operated with the mechanism removed so that it does not function. At present, a method is used to keep the tillage depth constant with the leveling plate lifted up, by attaching a gauge wheel or tail wheel to the rotary and touching the ground, and making the height of the rotary follow the ground. However, depending on the soil condition and plowing conditions, the amount of sinking of the gauge wheel or tail wheel into the ground is not stable, and manual adjustment is required each time, which makes it difficult to work.

JP 2020-191842 A

In view of the problems with the conventional technology described above, the present invention aims to provide a tillage and ridge-making sowing machine and tillage and ridge-making sowing method that have a simple configuration and are suitable for use in tillage and ridge-making sowing, and that can precisely control the sowing depth to always keep it appropriate.

In other words, the tilling and ridge-making sowing machine of the present invention has a rotary tilling device mounted on a tractor so that it can be raised and lowered, a number of sowing machines are mounted on the rotary tilling device, a swing frame is pivotally connected to the rear end of a parallel link that is pivotally supported on the sowing machine so that it can be rotated freely, and a biasing spring is interposed on the diagonal of the parallel link, and the furrow making disk, soil covering disk, and pressure suppressing wheel attached to the swing frame that is biased to rotate downward move up and down while rotating with the parallel link biased downward in accordance with the unevenness of the ridge surface. In this tilling and ridge-making sowing machine, a wire is provided connecting the diagonal pins of the parallel links, and the wire is connected to an operating mechanism that operates the lifting and lowering drive of the three-point link mechanism by the lifting and lowering drive unit of the tractor.

The operation mechanism is configured by fastening an autowire, which is drivingly connected to the lifting drive unit of the tractor, to an operator, and a wire connecting the diagonal pins of the parallel link is fastened to the operator.

The method for sowing with simultaneous tillage and ridge making of the present invention is a method for sowing with simultaneous tillage and ridge making of the present invention, which is carried out using the sowing machine for simultaneous tillage and ridge making of the present invention, and is characterized by including a step of tilling the soil from bottom to top using an up-cut rotary.

The method for cultivating and simultaneously forming ridges and sowing described in claim 1, in which the tiller blade shaft of the up-cut rotary is a holder type, and the arrangement of the tiller blades is changed to form flat or high ridges or single-row ridges.

By creating flat, raised ridges and placing multiple seeding machines per ridge, it is possible to cultivate soybeans in narrow ridges.

By forming single-row ridges and placing one seeder per ridge, it is possible to cultivate soybeans in a normal manner with ridge widths of 70 to 75 cm.

The sowing depth can be maintained at a preset value of 3 cm to 5 cm. If the sowing depth is less than 3 cm, the soil dries out easily, resulting in a low germination rate. On the other hand, if the sowing depth exceeds 5 cm, the advantage of making ridges cannot be utilized when the groundwater level is high, such as after rainfall, and poor germination and growth due to moisture damage can easily occur.

The tillage and ridge-making seeding machine and tillage and ridge-making seeding method of the present invention have a simple configuration and are suitable for tillage and ridge-making seeding, and in particular can precisely control the sowing depth to always keep it appropriate.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tillage and ridge-making seeder according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the tilling and ridge-making seed sowing machine shown in FIG. 1 . FIG. 2 is a partial side view of the tillage and ridge-making sowing machine shown in FIG. 1 . FIG. 2 is a side view of another portion of the tilling and ridge-making sowing machine shown in FIG. 1 . FIG. 2 is another partial side view of the tillage and ridge-making sowing machine shown in FIG. 1 . FIG. 2 is yet another partial side view of the tillage and ridge-making seed sowing machine shown in FIG. 1 . FIG. 2 is yet another partial side view of the tillage and ridge-making seed sowing machine shown in FIG. 1 . FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the tilling and ridge-making sowing machine shown in FIG. 1 . FIG. 2 is another partial perspective view of the tillage and ridge-making seed sowing machine shown in FIG. 1 . FIG. 4 is a side view of a tillage and ridge-making seeder according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment of the tilling and ridge-making sowing method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is another explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the tilling and ridge-making sowing method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is another explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the tilling and ridge-making sowing method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is yet another explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the tilling and ridge-making sowing method of the present invention.

Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The overall configuration of a tilling and ridge-making sowing machine 3 according to a first embodiment of the present invention mounted on the rear of a tractor 1 will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3.
A rotary tilling device 2 is mounted so as to be freely raised and lowered on a working machine mounting device at the rear of the tractor 1, and a ridge forming machine 4 is mounted at the rear of this rotary tilling device 2, and further behind that a tilling and ridge forming sowing machine 3 consisting of multiple one-row, two-unit sowing machines 5 is mounted. Note that in some embodiments, as will be described later, it is also possible to directly connect multiple sowing machines 5 to the rotary tilling device 2 without providing the ridge forming machine 4.

1 and 2, the rotary tiller 2 has a gearbox 6 disposed in the left-right center, and an input shaft protruding forward from the gearbox 6. This input shaft is connected to the PTO shaft of the tractor 1 via a universal joint 7, a drive shaft, etc., so as to transmit power from the tractor 1 into the gearbox 6. Beams 8, 8 protrude on both sides from the sides of the gearbox 6, and a main body plate 9 is fixed to the middle of each of the beams 8, 8 by U-bolts 29, 29. Left and right support rods 11, 11 protrude forward from the front end of the main body plate 9, approximately in the left-right center, and these support rods 11, 11 are connected to the lower links 10, 10 of the tractor 1 by left and right pins 12, 12, respectively. Furthermore, a mast 13, which is shaped like a gate when viewed from the front, stands upright from the front of the main plate 9 near the support rods 11, and left and right mounting plates 14 are fixed to the approximately left-right center of the connecting rod 13a at the top of the mast 13. The top link 16 of the tractor 1 is connected between the front ends of the mounting plates 14 by a pin 15. Through the top link 16, mast 13, and lower links 10, the rotary tilling device 2 is securely connected to the rear of the tractor 1 and can be towed.

The upper part of the chain case 17 and the upper part of the side support 18 are fixed to the outer ends of the beams 8, 8, and the tiller claw shaft 19 is horizontally mounted between the lower part of the chain case 17 and the lower part of the side support 18, and a large number of tiller claws 20, 20... consisting of hatchet claws are radially planted on this tiller claw shaft 19 in a side view. The upper part of the rotation trajectory 21 of the tiller claws 20 is covered by a tiller cover 22 made of a soft material such as rubber, and this tiller cover 22 is suspended from the rear end of the main plate 9 to prevent the tilled soil from scattering. As a result, the tiller claw shaft 19 is rotated from the input shaft via the gear in the gearbox 6, the transmission shaft in the beam 8, the sprocket in the chain case 17, and the chain, allowing the tiller claws 20, 20... to rotate and till.

As shown in FIG. 1, left and right connecting rods 23 are fixed to the rear of the main plate 9 on the opposite side of the support rods 11, 11, sandwiching the beams 8, 8. A first toolbar 24 extends in the left-right direction from the rear parts 23a, 23a of the connecting rods 23, 23, and a fixing plate 26 is disposed on the rear surface of the first toolbar 24. The fixing plate 26 is then fastened from the rear surface to the rear parts 23a, 23a of the connecting rods 23, 23 with upper and lower bolts 27, 27, thereby fixing the first toolbar 24 to the connecting rods 23, 23.

In the ridge forming machine 4, a fastener 30 is attached to the first toolbar 24 by a bolt 31, and three ridge builders 28 are attached to the left and right ends and approximately the center of the first toolbar 24. The ridge builders 28 are movably fixed to the rear surface of the fastener 30, and a vertical pipe 33 is fixed to the rear surface of the fastener 30, and a hanging rod 34 is inserted into the vertical pipe 33 by bolts 32 and 32 on the side so that it can slide up and down. A ridge builder plate 35 that creates ridges is fixed to the lower end of the hanging rod 34. The ridge builder plate 35 is composed of a pointed end plate 35a and both side plates 35b and 35b that extend backward in a V-shape in a plan view from the rear of the pointed end plate 35a, and the rear lower parts of both side plates 35b and 35b are inclined downward and connected by a support frame 36. This allows the ridge-raising plate 35, whose rigidity has been increased by the support frame 36, to slide up, down, left, and right, freely changing its left-right position and height relative to the first toolbar 24, allowing the ridge-raising plate 35 to be positioned in a position suitable for the width, height, and shape of the ridges to be formed.

A leveling plate 37 is interposed between these three ridge builders 28. The front edge of this leveling plate 37 is connected to the rear edge of the tilling cover 22 by a hinge or the like, and the lower end of a hanging rod 41 is fixed to the approximate center of the leveling plate 37 in a plan view. The upper part of this hanging rod 41 is inserted into a vertical pipe 40 by bolts 42, 42 so that it can slide up and down, and this vertical pipe 40 is fixed to the rear surface of a locking device 38 that is fixed to the first toolbar 24 by a bolt 39 so that it can slide left and right. As a result, the leveling plate 37 can also be slid up, down, left and right, just like the ridge builders 28, and its left and right position and height relative to the first toolbar 24 can be freely changed, making it possible to level the ground to a state suitable for ridge formation.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the sowing machine 5 is attached to the second toolbar 25 connected to the first toolbar 24. This second toolbar 25 extends in the left-right direction, and in the sowing machine 5, the fitting body 45 at the front upper part is fitted onto the second toolbar 25 and fixed by a hook screw 46 so that the left-right position can be adjusted, and a sowing frame 47 is suspended from this fitting body 45. The front parts of parallel links 48 and 49 are pivotally supported at the bottom of this sowing frame 47 so that they can rotate freely, and a swinging frame 50 is pivotally connected to the rear ends of the parallel links 48 and 49, and a biasing spring 51 is interposed on the diagonal of the parallel links 48 and 49, so that the swinging frame 50 is always biased to rotate downward.

A support rod 53 for a furrow making disk 52, which is a furrow making device, protrudes below the front surface of the oscillating frame 50, and a rotating shaft 54 for the furrow making disk 52 is supported on the lower end of the support rod 53. The furrow making disk 52 is composed of two disks that are V-shaped in plan view and closed at the front, and a scraping plate 55 is disposed on the outside of the furrow making disk 52, protruding diagonally downward from the support rod 53, to remove any adhering soil, etc. The tip of a sowing guide pipe 56 is inserted into the space behind the furrow making disk 52, allowing seeds to be sown between the furrow making disks 52.

A soil cover disk 57, which is a soil cover body, is supported by protruding from the swing frame 50 behind the furrow making disk 52 and behind the seed drop position, so that the seeds are lightly covered with soil by this soil cover disk 57. Furthermore, a support rod 58 protrudes rearward from the rear end of the swing frame 50, and a crushing wheel 59 is supported on the rear end of this support rod 58, and this crushing wheel 59 crushes the seeds after covering them with soil. In this embodiment, the crushing wheel 59 is configured to also function as a driving wheel, and the rotating shaft of this crushing wheel 59 protrudes sideways and is inserted into a chain case 60, and the input shaft 62 of a sowing device 61 suspended horizontally on the swing frame 50 is driven via a sprocket and chain in this chain case 60. In addition, lugs 59a, 59a... are protruding from the side of the crushing wheel 59 to prevent it from slipping on the top surface of the ridge 44, and a scraper 63 is attached to remove adhering soil, improving work efficiency.

The sowing device 61 also has a seed hopper 83, and a perforated type dispensing device 84 is disposed directly below the seed hopper 83. In the dispensing device 84, a disk-shaped dispensing rotor 87 is stored in a storage section 86 formed in a dispensing case 85, and the upper end of a rotating shaft 88 is attached to the center of the dispensing rotor 87. A bevel gear 89 is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft 88, and this bevel gear 89 is engaged with a bevel gear 90 fixed to the input shaft 62. The power input from the suppression wheel 59 to the input shaft 62 is transmitted to the dispensing rotor 87 via the bevel gears 89, 90 and the rotating shaft 88, and the dispensing rotor 87 is rotated.

The dispensing rotor 87 is perforated with multiple transport holes (not shown), and when some of the numerous seeds 91 that flow down from the seed hopper 83 enter the transport holes of the rotating dispensing rotor 87, they are transported to the dispensing outlet 86a formed in the storage section 86, and pass through the sowing guide pipe 56 connected to this dispensing outlet 86a to be sown between the groove making disks 52.

According to the sowing device 61 described above, the furrow making disk 52, soil covering disk 57, and pressure wheel 59 attached to the oscillating frame 50 move up and down while rotating with the parallel links 48 and 49 biased downward in accordance with the unevenness of the ridge surface. Therefore, even if the body of the tractor 1 moves up and down during sowing work, the furrows move up and down for each row while remaining approximately horizontal with respect to the ridge surface, sowing depth is kept uniform and the drive of the feed device of the sowing device 61 can be reliably ensured.

FIG. 4 shows the parallel links 48 and 49 in a lowered state, which occurs when the tilling depth is shallow and the ridges are low.
5 shows the parallel links 48, 49 in a raised state, which is the state when the tillage depth is deep and the ridges are high. In other words, the seeder 5 rests on the ridges 44 with the pressure wheels 59 (supporting the weight of the seeder 5), and the part behind the parallel links 48, 49 moves up and down to follow the height of the ridges 44. The seeds fall into the furrows opened by the furrow making disc 52. The furrow making disc 52 moves up and down together with the pressure wheels 59 by the parallel links 48, 49, so it penetrates the ridges 44 at a constant depth, and the depth at which the seeds fall is kept appropriate.
However, in actual sowing work, fluctuations in the height of the ridges 44 occur that exceed the range that the parallel links 48, 49 can follow.

The reason for this is that even if the machine is properly adjusted at the start of work, the softness of the field and variations in soil depth can cause the tractor 1 body and the rotary tilling device 2 to sink or rise, causing the tilling depth of the rotary tilling device 2 to fluctuate, resulting in an excess or deficiency in the amount of soil tilled by the tilling tines 20, 20... of the rotary tilling device 2.

In particular, when a machine that has been adjusted on a soft part of the field approaches a hard part, the machine's sinking decreases, and the amount of soil tilled by the tiller tines 20, 20... of the rotary tiller 2 becomes insufficient, resulting in the ridges formed by the ridge creator 28 and the leveller 37 becoming ridges 44 that are lower than the lower limit of the parallel links 48, 49.
If this occurs, the crushing wheel 59 will float in the air, and the seed delivery device linked to the rotation of the crushing wheel 59 will not operate, causing the machine to idle without delivering any seeds.
On the other hand, operating the tractor 1 while monitoring the seeder 5 in order to prevent such an incident from occurring places a heavy burden on the operator.

In order to prevent this, according to the embodiment of the tillage and ridge-making seeder 3 of the present invention, the operating positions of the parallel links 48, 49 of the tillage and ridge-making seeder 3 are linked to the automatic tillage depth system of the tractor 1, thereby enabling reliable sowing.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, in the tilling and ridge making seeder 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a wire 102 consisting of an integrated inner cable and outer cable is provided connecting the diagonal pins 101a, 101b of the parallel links 48, 49.
As shown in FIG. 6, when the parallel links 48 and 49 are in the lowered state, the length of the inner cable connecting the diagonal pins 101a and 101b, i.e., the distance between the pins 101a and 101b, is short at 175 mm.
7, when the parallel links 48 and 49 are raised, the length of the inner cable connecting the diagonal pins 101a and 101b, i.e., the distance between the pins 101a and 101b, is 200 mm. This means that the inner cable is pulled back by 25 mm, lengthening the distance between the pins 101a and 101b, and the autowire of the tractor 1 is pulled by that amount.

On the other hand, the tractor 1 is equipped with a lifting drive unit (not shown), which is capable of driving a three-point link mechanism (not shown) to lift and lower, and the rotary tilling device 2 attached to the three-point link mechanism is lifted and lowered in response to the lifting and lowering drive of the three-point link mechanism.
8 and 9 show an auto hitch frame 103 to be attached to the three-point link mechanism. An operation mechanism 104 is attached to the auto hitch frame 103 for operating the lifting and lowering drive of the three-point link mechanism by the lifting and lowering drive unit.
The operation mechanism 104 is configured by fastening an autowire 105, which is drivingly connected to an elevation drive unit, to an operator 106, and the operator 106 is rotatable about a shaft portion 106a.

To this operator 106 is fastened one end of a wire 102 which is made up of an integral inner cable and an outer cable connecting the diagonal pins 101a, 101b of the parallel links 48, 49.
As a result of the above-described configuration of the tilling and ridge-making seeder 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the parallel links 48, 49 are lowered as shown in Figure 6 and the length of the inner cable connecting the diagonal pins 101a, 101b, i.e., the distance between pins 101a, 101b, is short at 175 mm, the autowire 105 is pulled back via the operator 106, and the rotary tilling device 2 attached to the three-point link mechanism is lowered in accordance with the three-point link mechanism driven by the lifting drive unit provided on the tractor 1.
As a result of the rotary tiller 2 descending, the seeder 5 attached to the rotary tiller 2 via the ridge forming machine 4 descends, causing the pressure wheels to be pushed up by the top surface of the ridge, causing the parallel link to begin to rise, and the length of the inner cable connecting the diagonal pins 101a, 101b becomes longer.When the auto wire 105 of the tractor 1 is pulled accordingly and the preset tilling depth is reached, the automatic tilling depth control stops the descent of the rotary tiller 2.

On the other hand, when the parallel links 48, 49 are raised as shown in Figure 7, the length of the inner cable connecting the diagonal pins 101a, 101b, i.e., the distance between the pins 101a, 101b, becomes longer, and the autowire 105 of the tractor 1 is pulled accordingly, and the rotary tilling device 2 attached to the three-point link mechanism rises in accordance with the three-point link mechanism driven by the lifting drive unit provided on the tractor 1.
As a result of the rotary tiller 2 rising, the seeder 5 attached to the rotary tiller 2 via the ridge forming machine 4 rises, causing the pressure wheel to be pushed down by the spring 51, causing the parallel link to begin to descend, and the length of the inner cable connecting the diagonal pins 101a, 101b becomes shorter. As a result, the auto wire 105 of the tractor 1 is pulled back, and when the preset tilling depth is reached, the automatic tilling depth control stops the rise of the rotary tiller 2.
Furthermore, the degree of lowering and raising of the rotary tilling implement 2 can be finely adjusted by using an existing adjustment dial on the lifting drive unit provided on the tractor 1.

Next, a tilling and ridge-making sowing machine 3 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in Figure 10, the tilling and ridge-making seeder 3 according to the second embodiment does not include a ridge-making machine 4, and a seeder 5 is directly attached to the rotary tiller 2. In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, a wire 102 consisting of an integral inner cable and an outer cable is provided that connects the diagonal pins 101a, 101b of the parallel links 48, 49 of the seeder 5.
One end of this wire 102 is fastened to an operator 106 to which an auto wire 105 which is drivingly connected to the lifting drive unit of the tractor 1 is fastened, similarly to the first embodiment.
In the simultaneous tilling and ridge-making seeder 3 according to the second embodiment, the rotary tilling device 2 is of the up-cut rotary type.
As shown in Figure 11, tilling and simultaneous ridge-making and seeding using the up-cut rotary method is performed by tilling the soil from the top down (called "down-cut" or "forward rotation") as in conventional rotary tilling (Figure 11(a)), whereas the up-cut rotary is an implement that tills the soil from the bottom up (called "up-cut" or "reverse rotation") (Figure 11(b)).

This up-cut rotary has excellent soil crushing properties and is characterized by the distribution of coarse soil clods in the lower layer and fine soil clods on the surface (Figure 11 (b)).
In the tilling and ridge-making sowing machine 3 according to the second embodiment, the tilling tine shaft of the up-cut rotary has been improved from the conventional flange type (Fig. 12(b)) to a holder type (Fig. 12(a)) with excellent soil crushing properties. By changing the arrangement of the tilling tines 20, flat or single-row ridges can be formed, and wheat, soybeans, etc. can be sown in the high parts of the ridges using a fertilizing sowing machine at the rear.

The tillage and ridge-making seeder 3 applied to this tillage and ridge-making sowing can form both flat ridges and single-row ridges with a single machine by changing the arrangement of the tillage tines 20, as shown in Figures 13(a) and (b).
By forming flat, high ridges and arranging multiple seeders per ridge, it can be used for narrow-ridge soybean cultivation. Also, by forming single-row ridges and arranging one seeder per ridge, it can be used for normal soybean cultivation with ridge widths of 70 to 75 cm. In this case, both flat, high ridges and single-row ridges allow crops to be grown at a height about 5 cm higher than with conventional flat cultivation (Figure 14).

In addition, simultaneous tilling and ridge sowing achieves a high soil crushing rate by using an up-cut rotary tiller and a screen behind the tiller shaft, and the soil crushing rate is particularly high near the surface (Figure 11, right). This results in fine soil clods near the soybean seeds, creating ideal conditions for crop emergence and increasing seedling establishment.

The tilling and ridge-making sowing machine 3 according to the second embodiment also uses an up-cut rotary with excellent soil crushing properties, making it possible to sow seeds even in overly wet field conditions where a normal down-cut rotary cannot be used. Therefore, even if it rains during the soybean sowing season, work can start relatively quickly after the rain, making it possible to sow seeds in a well-planned manner.

In addition, the tillage and ridge-making sowing machine 3 according to the second embodiment allows crops to grow at a higher position and allows surface drainage between the furrows, and growing crops at a higher position results in better emergence and early growth. It also has the advantage of being able to keep soil moisture low during the growing period, which results in better growth after emergence, and surface drainage between the furrows prevents waterlogging at the seeding rows during rainfall. As a result of these effects, tillage and ridge-making sowing reduces moisture damage, increases the crop seedling establishment rate, and results in better growth and higher yields.

In addition, the tillage and ridge-making sowing machine 3 according to the second embodiment has the characteristic that, by performing tillage and ridge-making sowing, high soil crushing and incorporation of previous crop residues can be achieved even when sowing in an untilled field in one step. When comparing only the sowing time, tillage and ridge-making sowing using an up-cut rotary requires longer time than conventional ridge-making sowing using a down-cut rotary, which requires plowing and leveling before sowing. However, because tillage and ridge-making sowing using an up-cut rotary can omit the plowing and leveling before sowing, the time required for the series of operations from plowing to sowing is shorter than conventional ridge-making sowing.
On the other hand, if the plowing and leveling work before sowing is omitted in the case of tilling and ridge-making sowing, the land is not yet leveled, so fine adjustments to the tilling depth are required to stabilize the ridge height compared to when plowing and leveling work is performed before sowing, which requires the operator to be highly skilled.
In particular, when a machine that has been adjusted on a soft part of the field approaches a hard part, the machine's sinking decreases, and the tiller tines 20, 20... of the rotary tillage device 2 do not sufficiently rake the soil, resulting in low ridges, and the ridges 44 become lower than the lower limit of the parallel links 48, 49.
If this occurs, the crushing wheel 59 will float in the air, and the seed delivery device linked to the rotation of the crushing wheel 59 will not operate, causing the machine to idle without delivering any seeds.
Furthermore, if the tilling depth is too deep, the amount of soil used to create the ridges will be excessive, resulting in wide ridges and the valleys between the furrows being filled with soil, which will worsen drainage and mean the seeder will be pulled at a low position and pressed downward, causing water damage.
However, in the tilling and ridge-making seeder 3 of the second embodiment, a wire 102 consisting of an integrated inner cable and outer cable is provided which connects the diagonal pins 101a, 101b of the parallel links 48, 49 of the seeder 5, and one end of this wire 102 is fastened to an operator 106 which is fastened to an autowire 105 which is drivingly connected to the lifting drive unit of the tractor 1, so that the operator's skill can be compensated for by the following mechanism.
As shown in Figure 6, when the parallel links 48 and 49 are lowered and the length of the inner cable connecting the diagonal pins 101a and 101b, i.e., the distance between the pins 101a and 101b, is short at 175 mm, the autowire 105 is pulled back via the operator 106, and the rotary tiller 2 attached to the three-point link mechanism descends in accordance with the three-point link mechanism driven by the lifting drive unit provided on the tractor 1. As a result, the seeder 5 attached to the rotary tiller 2 descends, and the pressure wheels are pushed up by the top surface of the ridges, causing the parallel links to rise. The length of the inner cable connecting the diagonal pins 101a and 101b becomes longer, and the autowire 105 of the tractor 1 is pulled accordingly, and when the preset tilling depth is reached, the descent of the rotary tiller 2 is stopped by the automatic tilling depth control.

On the other hand, when the parallel links 48 and 49 are raised as shown in FIG. 7, the length of the inner cable connecting the diagonal pins 101a and 101b, i.e., the distance between the pins 101a and 101b, becomes longer. This pulls the autowire 105 of the tractor 1, and the rotary tiller 2 attached to the three-point link mechanism rises in accordance with the three-point link mechanism driven by the lifting drive unit provided on the tractor 1. As a result, the seed drill 5 attached to the rotary tiller 2 rises, and the pressure wheel is pushed down by the spring 51, causing the parallel link to move downward. The length of the inner cable connecting the diagonal pins 101a and 101b becomes shorter, and the autowire 105 of the tractor 1 is pulled back accordingly. When the preset tilling depth is reached, the automatic tilling depth control stops the lifting of the rotary tiller 2. The degree of lowering and raising of the rotary tilling device 2 can be fine-tuned using the existing adjustment dial on the lift drive unit of the tractor 1.

As described above, the tilling and ridge-making sowing machine 3 according to the second embodiment makes it possible to automatically keep the ridge height constant even if the field conditions change, and to maintain the sowing depth at a preset value of 3 cm to 5 cm, ensuring reliable germination of crops.

The method for simultaneous tillage and ridge making and sowing of the present invention, which is carried out using the simultaneous tillage and ridge making and sowing machine 3 of the second embodiment described above, will be described below.
The tilling and ridge-making sowing machine 3 according to the second embodiment is used to form flat, high ridges and place multiple sowing machines per ridge, thereby cultivating soybeans with narrow ridges. Alternatively, single-row ridges are formed and one sowing machine is placed per ridge, thereby cultivating soybeans normally with a ridge width of 70 to 75 cm.
In this case, the sowing depth is preset to 3 cm to 5 cm, and by using the tilling and ridge-making sowing machine 3 according to the second embodiment, the set sowing depth is maintained and narrow-ridge or normal soybean cultivation is carried out.

3... Seeder, 48, 49... Parallel links, 101a, 101b... Pins, 102... Wire, 1... Tractor, 2... Rotary tilling device, 103... Auto hitch frame, 104... Operation mechanism, 105... Auto wire, 106... Operator.

Claims (7)

A rotary tilling device is mounted on a tractor so that it can be raised and lowered, and multiple seed drills are mounted on the rotary tilling device. A swing frame is pivotally connected to the rear end of a parallel link that is pivotally supported on the seed drill. A biasing spring is interposed on the diagonal of the parallel link. The furrow making disk, soil covering disk, and pressure suppressing wheel attached to the swing frame that is biased to rotate downward move up and down while rotating with the parallel link biased downward according to the unevenness of the ridge surface. In this simultaneous tilling and ridge making seed drill, a wire is provided connecting the diagonal pins of the parallel links, and the wire is connected to an operating mechanism that operates the lifting and lowering drive of the three-point link mechanism by the lifting and lowering drive unit of the tractor. The tilling and ridge-making sowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the operating mechanism is configured by fastening an autowire, which is drivingly connected to the lifting drive unit of the tractor, to an operating element, and a wire connecting the diagonal pins of the parallel link is fastened to the operating element. The tilling and ridge-making sowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotary tilling device is equipped with an up-cut rotary. The tilling and ridge-making sowing machine according to claim 3, in which the tilling claw shaft of the up-cut rotary is a holder type. A method for cultivating and sowing ridges using the tilling and sowing ridge sowing machine described in claim 4, which forms flat, high ridges and arranges multiple sowing machines per ridge to cultivate soybeans in narrow ridges. A method for sowing with tillage and ridge making using the tillage and ridge making sowing machine described in claim 4, which forms single ridges and places one sowing machine per ridge, for normal cultivation of soybeans with a ridge width of 70 to 75 cm. The method for cultivating and simultaneously creating ridges and sowing according to claim 5 or 6, in which the sowing depth is preset to 3 cm to 5 cm and the set sowing depth is maintained.

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