JP7085744B2 - Cultivation work machine for cultivating floor formation - Google Patents

Description

Application of Article 30, Paragraph 2 of the Patent Law 1. Meeting name: The 244th Lecture Meeting of the Crop Science Society of Japan Date: September 14th and 15th, 2017 (announcement is 15th) 2. Publication name: Abstracts of the 244th Lecture Meeting of the Crop Science Society of Japan Effective date: September 13, 2017 (Distribution date is September 14, 2017) Publication address: https: // www. jstage. jst. go. jp / blowse / jcsproc / 244/0 / _consents / -char / ja? from = 6 Publication date: September 12, 2017 3. Meeting name: The 76th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Agricultural and Food Engineering Date: September 7-9, 2017 (announcement is 9th) 4. Publication name: Abstract of the 76th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Agricultural and Food Engineering Publication date: September 4, 2017 (Distribution is September 7, 2017)

The present invention relates to an agricultural work machine that forms a cultivation bed while cultivating a field after harvesting the previous crop or a field that has not been cultivated.

Conventionally, a composite type agricultural work machine in which a fertilizer application / seeding machine or the like is connected to the rear part of a rotary tiller work machine is generally known. Such a complex type agricultural work machine is required to form a cultivation bed by tilling and sow on the cultivation bed in one step for the field after the previous harvest or the uncultivated field. .. At this time, the cultivation bed is formed by forming a high-quality cultivation bed because the straw (rice culm, wheat culm, etc.) remaining in the field after the previous harvest or the uncultivated field has a high burial property and a high fine soil ratio. An up-cut rotary tillage work machine that can be used is often used (see Patent Document 1 below).

Further, in the prior art shown in Patent Document 1, when forming a cultivation bed (sowing bed) by an up-cut type rotary tillage work machine, a plurality of coulters are arranged in front of the rotary tillage work machine in the field. It has been shown that scattered rice, wheat straw, etc. are cut to a predetermined length to further enhance the burial property of rice, wheat straw, etc.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-129574

The formation of the cultivation floor by the up-cut type rotary tilling work machine as in the conventional technique can form a high-quality cultivation floor, but on the other hand, the up-cut claws rotate in the direction against the progress of the work machine. The required power of time increases. Further, since the load of the traction resistance applied to the tractor becomes large, there is a problem that the working speed cannot be sufficiently increased.

In order to solve such a difficulty, shallow tillage, in which the tillage depth is set shallow, is being studied. However, in the field after the previous harvest or in the uncultivated field, if the cultivated depth is set shallow, the amount of cultivated soil to be finely soiled will be insufficient, the stability of the floor surface will be poor, and the burial of straw will be poor. There is a problem that it is inferior and it becomes impossible to form a good quality cultivation bed.

Further, in the above-mentioned conventional technique, when a large amount of straw is present in the field, even if the straw is cut short by a colder in the pre-cultivation stage, the side cover of the rotary tilling work machine or the transmission case of the side drive system can be used. Straw tends to stay, and depending on the amount of straw present in the field, it may be difficult to continue smooth work.

In the above-mentioned conventional technique, an open groove disk is further provided in the sowing machine mounted behind the rotary tilling work machine to form a groove on the side of the sowing bed. However, since the groove created by the open groove disk of the prior art is only a groove having a depth almost the same as that of a normal rotary tillage bottom, there is a problem that sufficient drainage measures cannot be taken during heavy rain.

An object of the present invention is to provide a tilling device with improved workability in order to deal with such a situation.
In the embodiment, in an agricultural work machine that forms a cultivation bed while cultivating a field after harvesting the previous crop or a field that has not been cultivated, a high-quality cultivation bed is formed with good workability, and a large amount of straw is formed in the field. Even if there is a problem, it is necessary to continue smooth work and to form a cultivation floor with high drainage in one step of tilling work.

In order to solve such a problem, the up-cut type tilling work machine of the present invention has the following configurations.
A groove forming device equipped with an up-cut rotary tilling work machine, which is supported in front of both left and right sides of the rotary tilling work machine and forms a groove deeper than the hilling bottom of the rotary tilling work machine. The groove body discharges the soil dug up for groove formation to the front of the working width of the rotary tilling work machine , and the rotary tilling work machine is provided with a side cover on the side portion during work. A groove forming device characterized in that the side cover is located in a groove formed by the groove forming body, a gap is formed around the side cover, and the soil forming device for ridge formation is not provided .
In addition, an embodiment is an up-cut type rotary tillage work machine which is an agricultural work machine which forms a cultivation floor while cultivating a field after harvesting the previous crop or a field which has not been cultivated, and is directly mounted on a traveling machine. And a groove forming body supported in front of the left and right side portions of the rotary tilling work machine and forming a groove deeper than the tilling bottom by the rotary tilling work machine, the groove forming body is used for groove formation. A cultivating floor forming cultivating work machine characterized in that the excavated soil is discharged to the front of the working width of the rotary cultivating work machine is also described.

It has become possible to provide a tilling device with improved workability.
In the embodiment, a high-quality cultivation bed can be formed with good workability in an agricultural work machine that forms a cultivation bed while cultivating a field after harvesting the previous crop or a field that has not been cultivated. In addition, even when a large amount of straw is present in the field, smooth work can be continued. Further, a cultivation floor having high drainage property can be formed in one step of the tilling operation.

It is explanatory drawing (side view) which showed the tilling work machine for cultivation floor formation which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing (plan view) which showed the tilling work machine for the cultivation floor formation which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which showed the state of the cultivation bed (sowing bed) formed by the cultivation bed formation working machine which concerns on embodiment of this invention ((a) is after the groove by the groove formation body is formed. The state before the rotary tillage is performed, (b) shows the state where the rotary tillage work machine is used for shallow cultivation immediately after (a).). It is explanatory drawing which shows the effect of the tilling work machine for a cultivation floor which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is the graph which showed the relationship between the work speed and required power in this invention and a comparative example.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals in different figures indicate parts having the same function, and duplicate description in each figure will be omitted as appropriate.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cultivation floor forming cultivating work machine (hereinafter referred to as “agricultural work machine”) 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is a rotary cultivating work machine directly mounted on a traveling machine (tractor) (not shown). 2 and a groove forming body 3 supported in front of both left and right side portions of the rotary tillage work machine 2. The rotary tiller 2 is a well-known up-cut type rotary, and the rotary drive of the rotary shaft 20 causes a plurality of tiller claws 21 mounted on the rotary shaft 20 to oppose the traveling direction of the agricultural work machine 1 (illustrated). The cultivation work is performed by rotating it (in the direction of the arrow).

The rotary tillage work machine 2 is not limited to the form shown in the figure, but is a gearbox including an input shaft 10 connected to the PTO of a traveling machine (tractor) (not shown) via a joint, and the input shaft 10. A main frame 12 extending to the left and right of the gearbox 11 and a side cover 13 fixed to the left and right ends of the main frame 12 to form a side portion of the rotary tillage work machine 2 are provided.

The driving force input to the input shaft 10 is transmitted from the driving shaft (not shown) in the main frame 12 via the transmission mechanism in the transmission case 14 provided on one of the left and right sides of the rotary tilling work machine 2. It is transmitted to the rotary shaft 20. Here, an example of a side drive method in which the transmission case 14 is fixed to the side portion of the rotary tillage work machine 2 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the center drive in which the transmission case is provided in the central portion of the rotary tillage work machine 2 is shown. It may be a method.

A cover body 15 is provided on the upper side of the rotary shaft 20 to which a plurality of tilling claws 21 are mounted, and a ground leveling body 16 is connected to the rear of the cover body 15. Further, a mounting portion 17 (top arm 17A, lower arm 17B) for mounting on the connecting mechanism of the traveling machine (tractor) is mounted on the front side of the main frame 12, and on the rear side of the main frame 12, the mounting portion 17 (top arm 17A, lower arm 17B) is mounted. An attachment support portion 18 for mounting a seeder or the like is attached. A ground ring 19 is supported on the left and right sides of the rear end of the attachment support portion 18 so that the height can be adjusted.

In the illustrated example, the groove forming body 3 is supported by the tip end portion of the extended support portion 30 fixed to the left and right side portions (side cover 13) of the rotary tilling work machine 2. The tip of the extension support portion 30 extends toward the front of both the left and right sides of the rotary tilling work machine 2. As a result, the position where the groove body 3 is supported is the front position of the left and right side ends of the working width of the rotary tilling work machine 2. More specifically, a part of the groove-making body 3 is located in front of the outside of the working width of the rotary tilling work machine 2, and the other part of the groove-making body 3 is located in front of the inside of the working width of the rotary tilling work machine 2. Whether it is located, the entire groove body 3 is located directly in front of the work width of the rotary tillage work machine 2, or the entire groove body 3 is located directly in front of the work width of the rotary tillage work machine 2. It is preferably either located.

In the illustrated example, the groove-making body 3 is a disk body rotatably supported in a state of being inclined forward and outward with respect to the traveling direction of the agricultural work machine 1. However, the form of the groove body 3 is not limited to the disk body. The feature of this groove-making body 3 is that first, a groove deeper than the cultivated bottom by the rotary cultivating work machine 2 is formed. As shown in FIG. 2, assuming that the tillage depth of the rotary tiller working machine 2 is H1, the depth of the groove formed by the groove forming body 3 is H2 (> H1). More specifically, the difference between the groove depth H2 formed by the groove forming body 3 and the tilling depth H1 of the rotary tilling work machine 2 (depth from the tilling bottom to the groove bottom by the rotary tilling working machine 2) H3. Is preferably several centimeters or more, for example, 5 cm or more.

Further, the groove-making body 3 discharges the soil dug up for groove formation to the front of the working width of the rotary tilling work machine 2. In the illustrated example, the grooving body 3 is a large disk-shaped grooving device, and the grooving body 3 is rotatably supported in a state where the front side is inclined outward with respect to the traveling direction. The cut out soil is released inward on each of the left and right sides. Further, in the illustrated example, the groove forming body 3 is rotatably supported by the lower end of the vertical column member 31 attached to the tip end portion of the extended support portion 30 so as to be vertically adjustable. As a result, the support height of the groove body 3 can be adjusted.

The work of forming a cultivation bed (for example, a sowing bed) by the agricultural work machine 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The agricultural work machine 1 is directly mounted on the tractor and performs forward work while driving the up-cut type rotary tillage work machine 2. However, as the agricultural work machine 1 progresses, first, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the previous work. A groove D is formed by the groove body 3 in the field after harvesting or the uncultivated field F. The groove D formed by the groove body 3 is deep and wide, and the soil S1 dug up for forming the groove D is released on the surface of the field after the previous harvest or the uncultivated field F. Will be done.

Immediately after the state of FIG. 3 (a), due to the progress of the agricultural work machine 1, as shown in FIG. The soil S1 released above is cultivated and crushed. The tillage depth of the rotary tillage work machine 2 is set to shallow tillage of about 10 cm or less (mostly about 6 to 8 cm), but a groove body is formed on the surface of the field after the previous harvest or the uncultivated field F. Since the soil released by 3 is supplied, there is no shortage of soil, and a stable cultivation bed (sowing bed) B is formed on the uncultivated portion F1. By making the rotary tilling work machine 2 an up-cut type and supplying a sufficient amount of soil by the groove body 3, the straws and the like existing on the field F are buried in the soil of the cultivation floor B. , A good quality cultivation bed B can be formed.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3A, in the work by the agricultural work machine 1, the groove D is formed before the rotary cultivating work machine 2 performs the cultivating work, so that the rotary cultivating work machine 2 is left and right. The surface layer of the trapezoidal cross section left after being cut out by the groove D will be cultivated. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3B, the side covers 13 and the transmission case 14 on the left and right sides of the rotary tilling work machine 2 are located in the groove D, and a gap is formed around them. .. In this way, by locating the side cover 13 and the transmission case 14 in the groove D during work, the traction resistance of the agricultural work machine 1 is significantly reduced, and many straws and the like are generated in the field scene. Even if it exists, it is possible to prevent a problem that straw or the like stays around the side cover 13 or the transmission case 14. As a result, the agricultural work machine 1 can stably continue high-speed work with a low required power.

Further, in the formation of the cultivation floor B by the agricultural work machine 1, large and deep grooves D are formed on both the left and right sides of the cultivation floor B. This groove D effectively improves the drainage property of the cultivation floor B. As a result, even when heavy rain falls after sowing during the rainy season, the cultivation bed B can be effectively drained to promote good growth after sowing (or after transplanting).

One of the features of such an agricultural work machine 1 is that the up-cut rotary tillage work can be performed at high speed. FIG. 4 shows the work by the agricultural work machine 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the work of the normal cultivation depth (about 15 cm) by the up-cut type rotary tillage work machine, and the shallow cultivation work by the up-cut type rotary tillage work machine (about 15 cm). A test example comparing the relationship between the working speed and the required power is shown.

In the up-cut rotary tillage work with normal tillage depth, the required power rises sharply as the work speed is increased, and stable work cannot be continued before the work speed reaches 3 km / h. In addition, if shallow tillage is performed by up-cut rotary tillage work, the required power can be kept low even if the work speed is increased, but a stable cultivation floor is used when working in the field after the previous harvest or in the uncultivated field. This tendency becomes more pronounced as the working speed is increased. On the other hand, in the work by the agricultural work machine 1 of the present invention, a good quality cultivation bed can be formed even in shallow cultivation of about 10 cm or less (mostly about 6 to 8 cm), and about 3.5 km. Even when the work speed is increased to about / h, the required power can be kept low and stable work can be continued.

As described above, the agricultural work machine 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention can stably continue the formation of a high-quality cultivation bed B by the up-cut rotary tillage work at a high work speed. Further, since deep grooves D are formed on both the left and right sides of the cultivation bed B, good growth can be promoted even when heavy rain falls after sowing or transplantation.

The agricultural work machine 1 of the present invention is particularly effective in sowing and cultivating wheat trace soybean in a two-hair cropping system of rice, wheat and soybean. By attaching the sowing machine to the attachment support portion 18 of the agricultural work machine 1, it is possible to perform the work from sowing bed formation to sowing in one step for the field immediately after the wheat harvest with high workability. The improvement of workability (speeding up of work) by the present invention can solve the problem of work delay due to unseasonable weather in recent years, enables work that does not miss the optimum cultivation time, and causes moisture damage due to heavy rain at the end of the rainy season. It is also possible to take measures.

1: Cultivation work machine for cultivating floor formation (agricultural work machine),
2: Rotary tilling work machine, 3: Groove body,
10: Input shaft, 11: Gear box, 12: Main frame,
13: Side cover, 14: Transmission case, 15: Cover body, 16: Ground leveling body,
17: Mounting part, 17A: Top arm, 17B: Lower arm,
18: Attachment support, 19: Ground ring,
20: Rotary shaft, 21: Tillage claw,
30: Extended support part, 31: Vertical column member,
F: field, D: ditch, B: cultivation bed (sowing bed)

Claims (6)

It is a groove forming device equipped with an up-cut rotary tilling work machine.
It is provided with a groove forming body that is supported in front of the left and right sides of the rotary tillage work machine and forms a groove deeper than the tillage bottom by the rotary tillage work machine.
The groove body releases the soil dug up for groove formation to the front of the working width of the rotary tilling work machine .
The rotary tillage work machine is provided with side covers on the side portions, and during work, the side covers are located in the grooves formed by the groove forming bodies, and gaps are formed around them.
No earthenware for ridge formation
A groove forming device characterized in that.
The groove forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the tilling depth of the rotary tilling work machine is 10 cm or less.
The rotary tillage work machine is equipped with a transmission case on one of the left and right sides.
The groove forming apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transmission case is located in a groove formed by the groove forming body at the time of work.
In the rotary tilling work machine, the extension support portion extending forward is fixed to both the left and right sides, and the groove body is supported by the tip end portion of the extension support portion. The groove forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the groove forming apparatus is characterized. The groove forming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the groove forming body is supported by the tip portion of the extended support portion so as to be vertically adjustable in height. The groove forming according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the groove forming body is a disk body rotatably supported in a state where the front side is inclined outward with respect to the traveling direction. Equipment .

Images