CN209930890U

CN209930890U - Small-seed crop precision seeder

Info

Publication number: CN209930890U
Application number: CN201920252429.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王东伟; 张广军; 原鲁明; 何晓宁; 张宁; 申世龙; 胥南
Original assignee: Qingdao Wanshifeng Agricultural Technology Co Ltd; Qingdao Agricultural University
Current assignee: Qingdao Wanshifeng Agricultural Technology Co Ltd; Qingdao Agricultural University
Priority date: 2019-02-28
Filing date: 2019-02-28
Publication date: 2020-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-02-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a small seed crop precision seeder, which relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery design and comprises a frame; a ditching device; the seed discharging device is positioned behind the ditching device; the pressing device is positioned behind the seed sowing device; the soil collecting device is positioned between the seed sowing device and the pressing device and comprises a soil collector and a soil collecting spring; the soil collector is rotatably arranged on the rack through a soil collecting pin shaft, one end of the soil collecting spring is connected with the rack, the other end of the soil collecting spring is connected with the soil collector, and the soil collector is in an inclined state. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that, receive native device and can cover the soil pit of broadcast seed after the seed broadcast rapidly with the soil body of digging out, it is effectual to cover, has improved the operating efficiency. The ditching device, the suppression device and the device of receiving soil are all in the state of floating, and the three all can carry the regulation, and the actual operation in-process can be according to the soil layer height difference, and free adjustment reaches the profile modeling purpose.

Description

Small-seed crop precision seeder

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machine design, in particular to a small seed crop precision seeder which is mainly applied to the seeding operation process of small seed crops.

Background

The seeding is an important part in the crop planting process, the planting effect of crops is directly influenced by the quality of the operation effect, the importance of the operation is obvious from the fact that with the rapid development of modern agricultural technology, the types of the seeding machines are very many, the direct operation indexes such as the operation mode, the working efficiency and the like are greatly improved, and the operation mode of crops is well changed.

The current seeding machines on the market have too many varieties, the precision seeding link has flaws, the soil mass is often returned to a soil pit by means of the inertia of the soil block in the soil collection process, the soil collection machine does not have the profiling capability, the mechanism profiling problem is not fundamentally solved, and the seeding operation effect, the operation efficiency and the whole machine seeding quality are seriously influenced; meanwhile, with the fact that a large amount of rural labor force enters city service workers in recent years, the rural labor force is insufficient, labor cost is increased, and at the present stage, high-efficiency and high-quality agricultural machinery is urgently needed to complete the seeding operation process, and work efficiency is improved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at improving the soil collecting effect in the sowing process, improving the sowing quality, further improving the operation effect of the whole machine and designing a small seed crop precision sowing machine.

In order to realize the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model be, a little seed grain crop precision planter, including the frame, still include: the ditching device is arranged at the bottom end of the rack; the seed discharging device is arranged on the rack and is positioned behind the ditching device; the pressing device is arranged on the rack and is positioned behind the seed metering device; the soil collecting device is positioned between the seed sowing device and the pressing device and comprises a soil collector and a soil collecting spring; the soil collector is rotatably arranged on the rack through a soil collecting pin shaft, one end of the soil collecting spring is connected with the rack, the other end of the soil collecting spring is connected with the soil collector, and the soil collector is in an inclined state.

Furthermore, the ditching device comprises a fixed column, a ditching fixed plate, a ditching pin shaft, a ditching adjusting spring, a ditching shovel and a ditching side plate; the fixed column set up in the frame, the ditching fixed plate is opened there is rectangular hole, the fixed column slide set up in the ditching fixed plate, the upper portion and the lower part of fixed column all are equipped with the ditching round pin axle, ditching regulating spring set up in two between the ditching round pin axle, be located the top the ditching round pin axle is fixed set up in rectangular downthehole of ditching fixed plate, the shovel of ditching fix in the bottom front side of fixed column.

Still further, the ditching shovel is of a wing shovel type, and the shovel tip part is made of manganese steel.

Still further, the seed metering device includes seed guide pipe, kind box, seed metering pivot, gyro wheel and baffle, the seed guide pipe set up in the bottom opening part of kind box, the rotation of seed metering pivot sets up in kind box, the gyro wheel fixed set up in the seed metering pivot, the side of gyro wheel is equipped with the hole that the several caves in, the baffle is the fifty percent discount board, the rear end of baffle with the gyro wheel laminating, the front end of baffle for relative setting the scraper blade and with the gyro wheel laminating.

Furthermore, a ditching side plate is fixedly arranged behind the fixing column, and the seed guide pipe is arranged in the ditching side plate.

Furthermore, the press device comprises a press connecting plate, a press side plate, a middle plate, an adjusting rod, a bolt, a press adjusting spring and a press wheel; the suppression connecting plate is fixed set up in the frame, two the suppression curb plate rotatory set up in the frame, two the suppression curb plate passes through the intermediate lamella and connects, the activity sets up the regulation pole between suppression connecting plate and the intermediate lamella, the both ends of adjusting the pole are equipped with the bolt, suppression adjusting spring cover is established on adjusting the pole, suppression adjusting spring's one end offsets with the suppression connecting plate, one end offsets with the intermediate lamella, the suppression wheel is rotatory to be set up in two between the suppression curb plate.

Further, it includes a pair of swash plate A, receipts soil fixed plate and a pair of swash plate B to receive native ware, two swash plate A sets up relatively on receiving the soil fixed plate and be certain angle of inclination, two swash plate A's one end is connected with receiving the soil fixed plate respectively, two swash plate B sets up relatively and is certain angle of inclination, two swash plate B is connected with swash plate A's the other end respectively, two be equipped with an opening between the swash plate B, it sets up in the frame through receiving the native round pin axle to receive the soil fixed plate.

The utility model has the advantages that: the soil collecting device can rapidly cover the excavated soil body in the soil pit for playing the seeds after the seeds are played, the covering effect is good, and the operation efficiency is improved. The ditching device, the suppression device and the device of receiving soil are all in the state of floating, and the three all can carry the regulation, and the actual operation in-process can be according to the soil layer height difference, and free adjustment reaches the profile modeling purpose. The structure is simple, and the cost is low; the operation is simple, the application range is wide, and the device is particularly suitable for being used in environments where workers increase in the young and the middle-aged in rural areas and the labor of the old is gradually increased, so that the normal operation of agricultural production is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a sowing machine according to the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the soil harvesting device of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the furrowing device of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the seed metering device of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of FIG. 4 of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the press apparatus of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the rack of the present application.

In the above-described figures, the first and second,

1. a frame;

2. a ditching device; 21. fixing a column; 22. ditching and fixing plates; 23. ditching a pin shaft; 24. ditching and adjusting springs; 25. ditching and shoveling; 26. ditching a side plate;

3. a seed metering device; 31. a seed guiding pipe; 32. a seed box; 33. a seed sowing rotating shaft; 34. a roller; 35. a baffle plate;

4. a compacting device; 41. pressing the connecting plate; 42. pressing the side plates; 43. a middle plate; 44. adjusting a rod; 45. a bolt; 46. compacting the regulating spring; 47. a press wheel;

5. a soil collection device; 51. an inclined plate A; 52. a soil collection fixing plate; 53. a sloping plate B.

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the intended purpose of the present invention, the following detailed description is given to the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments as follows:

a small-kernel crop precision seeder is shown in figures 1 to 7 and comprises a frame 1, a ditching device 2, a seed sowing device 3, a pressing device 4 and a soil collecting device 5.

As shown in fig. 1, the soil-harvesting device 5 is located between the seed-metering device 3 and the press device 4. The soil collecting device 5 comprises a soil collector and a soil collecting spring (not shown). The soil collector is rotatably arranged on the rack 1 through a soil collecting pin shaft, one end of the soil collecting spring is connected with the rack 1, and the other end of the soil collecting spring is connected with the soil collector. The soil collector is in a pressing state under the action of the soil collecting spring, so that the soil collector is always in a semi-inclined state and is in an inclined state. When the soil block passes through the soil collector, the soil collector can rotate upwards and flatten the soil block, and under the action of the soil collecting spring, the soil collector can bear the pressure of downward rotation to flatten the soil block.

With reference to fig. 2, the soil collector includes a pair of inclined plates a51, a soil collecting fixing plate 52 and a pair of inclined plates B53, the two inclined plates a51 are oppositely disposed on the soil collecting fixing plate 52 and form a certain inclination angle, one end of the two inclined plates a51 is respectively connected with the soil collecting fixing plate 52, the two inclined plates B53 are oppositely disposed and form a certain inclination angle, the two inclined plates B53 are respectively connected with the other end of the inclined plates a51, an opening is disposed between the two inclined plates B53, and the soil collecting fixing plate 52 is disposed on the frame 1 through a soil collecting pin. The sloping plate A51 and the sloping plate B53 form an opening facing the moving direction of the seeder, and the opening is gradually reduced from front to back to play a role of collecting soil.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the ditching device 2 is arranged at the bottom end of the frame 1, and the ditching device 2 comprises a fixed column 21, a ditching fixed plate 22, a ditching pin shaft 23, a ditching adjusting spring 24, a ditching shovel 25 and a ditching side plate 26. The fixed column 21 sets up in frame 1, ditching fixed plate 22 is opened there is rectangular hole, fixed column 21 slides and sets up in ditching fixed plate 22, the upper portion and the lower part of fixed column 21 all are equipped with ditching round pin axle 23, ditching regulating spring 24 sets up between two ditching round pin axles 23, the fixed setting in rectangular hole of ditching fixed plate 22 of ditching round pin axle 23 that is located the top, ditching shovel 25 is fixed to be set up in the bottom front side of fixed column 21, ditching shovel 25 is the wing shovel formula, the shovel point part adopts manganese steel material to make, hardness is big, the wearability is good. The position of the fixed column 21 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the upper ditching pin shaft 23 in the strip hole, so that the height of the fixed column 21 on the rack 1 is realized, the height adjustment of the ditching shovel 25 is realized, the local copying is realized, and the integral copying is realized on the basis of realizing the local copying. The profiling mode does not influence the seeding effect, can save the operation space of the device, lightens the weight of the device, reduces the manufacturing cost and is convenient to install and debug. Wherein, the ditching adjusting spring 24 can be designed into an oval spring, and has large supporting force and convenient height adjustment.

As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the seed discharging device 3 is arranged on the frame 1 and behind the ditching device 2. The seed metering device 3 is arranged on the frame 1 through a T-shaped connecting plate, and the T-shaped connecting plate is provided with a long hole, so that the height is convenient to adjust. The seed discharging device 3 comprises a seed guide tube 31, a seed box 32, a seed discharging rotating shaft 33, a roller 34 and a baffle 35. The seed guide pipe 31 is arranged at the bottom opening of the seed box 32, the seed sowing rotating shaft 33 is rotatably arranged in the seed box 32, the roller 34 is fixedly arranged on the seed sowing rotating shaft 33, a plurality of sunken seed holes are arranged on the side surface of the roller 34, the size of each seed hole is determined by small seed crop seeds, and the seeding requirements of single-hole single seeds, single-hole multiple seeds and multiple-hole multiple seeds can be displayed according to the planting requirements of crops, so that the effect of adjustable plant spacing is achieved. The seed holes are designed to be oval, the corners and corners are chamfered, and the size of the oval seed holes is designed according to the size of the three circumferences of the crop seeds; according to the survival rate of the seeds, the depth of the holes is designed, so that the single-hole single-grain, single-hole multi-grain and multi-hole multi-grain sowing modes are determined, and the maximum adjustment of the sowing modes is realized. The baffle 35 is a double-folded plate, the rear end of the baffle 35 is attached to the roller 34, and the front end of the baffle 35 is a scraper which is arranged oppositely and attached to the roller 34. In addition, a ditching side plate 26 is fixedly arranged behind the fixed column 21, and the seed guide pipe 31 is arranged in the ditching side plate 26, so that the efficiency of sowing seeds into pits is improved.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the press device 4 is disposed on the frame 1 and behind the seed metering device 3. The press device 4 includes a press connection plate 41, a press side plate 42, an intermediate plate 43, an adjustment lever 44, a bolt 45, a press adjustment spring 46, and a press wheel 47. The suppression connecting plate 41 is fixed to be set up in frame 1, and two suppression curb plates 42 are rotatory to be set up in frame 1, and two suppression curb plates 42 pass through intermediate lamella 43 and connect. An adjusting rod 44 is movably arranged between the pressing connecting plate 41 and the middle plate 43, bolts 45 are arranged at two ends of the adjusting rod 44, a pressing adjusting spring 46 is sleeved on the adjusting rod 44, one end of the pressing adjusting spring 46 abuts against the pressing connecting plate 41, and the other end of the pressing adjusting spring abuts against the middle plate 43. The press wheel 47 is rotatably disposed between the two press side plates 42 and behind the intermediate plate 43. The press wheel 47 can float up and down, and the press adjusting spring 46 can play a role of pressing the intermediate plate 43 downward, and then pressing the press wheel 47 downward. The compacting device 4 is in a free floating state, can be automatically adjusted at any time according to the height of a soil layer, and changes, so that the profiling device has profiling capability. The degree of tightness of the suppression wheel 47 and the ground soil is changed through changing the angles of the suppression lateral plate 42 and the frame 1 to change the degree of tightness of the suppression wheel and the ground soil, change the suppression intensity, and form different suppression effects. The specific degree of pressing can be changed according to the planting requirements of different crops, and is not limited herein.

As shown in fig. 7, which is a frame 1 referred to in the present application, the frame 1 is designed with a plurality of adjustable furrows for mounting the furrowing device 2, the seed discharging device 3, the press device 4 and the soil collecting device 5.

The utility model discloses the during operation, the transport machinery such as tractor is hung the connection and is hung the back with little seed grain crop precision planter, drives the seeder and works on ploughing the good soil, and ditching device 2 advances the in-process at the complete machine and accomplishes the ditching operation, and seed metering device 3 is sowing in the slot of digging, and the soil that the device 5 of receiving will dig adds the soil pit in, and compaction work is accomplished to suppression device 4.

The invention has been described above with reference to a preferred embodiment, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made and equivalents can be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention, and features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict, and any reference sign in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned, and the embodiments should be regarded as being exemplary and non-limiting in any way whatsoever. Therefore, all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a little seed grain crop precision planter, includes frame (1), its characterized in that still includes:

the ditching device (2) is arranged at the bottom end of the rack (1);

the seed metering device (3) is arranged on the rack (1) and is positioned behind the ditching device (2);

the pressing device (4) is arranged on the rack (1) and is positioned behind the seed metering device (3); and

the soil collecting device (5) is positioned between the seed sowing device (3) and the pressing device (4), and the soil collecting device (5) comprises a soil collector and a soil collecting spring; the soil collector is rotationally arranged on the rack (1) through a soil collecting pin shaft, one end of the soil collecting spring is connected with the rack (1), the other end of the soil collecting spring is connected with the soil collector, and the soil collector is in an inclined state.

2. The small-kernel crop precision seeder according to claim 1, wherein said furrowing device (2) comprises a fixed column (21), a furrowing fixed plate (22), a furrowing pin shaft (23), a furrowing adjusting spring (24), a furrowing shovel (25) and a furrowing side plate (26); the fixed column (21) is arranged on the rack (1), the ditching fixing plate (22) is provided with a strip hole, the fixed column (21) is arranged in the ditching fixing plate (22) in a sliding mode, ditching hinge pins (23) are arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the fixed column (21), a ditching adjusting spring (24) is arranged between the ditching hinge pins (23), the ditching hinge pins (23) located above are fixedly arranged in the strip holes of the ditching fixing plate (22), and the ditching shovel (25) is fixedly arranged on the front side of the bottom end of the fixed column (21).

3. The small-kernel crop precision seeder according to claim 2, wherein said furrowing blade (25) is of the winged-blade type, and the material of the blade tip portion is manganese steel.

4. The small-kernel crop precision seeder according to claim 2, wherein the seed metering device (3) comprises a seed guide tube (31), a seed box (32), a seed metering rotating shaft (33), a roller (34) and a baffle (35), the seed guide tube (31) is arranged at the bottom opening of the seed box (32), the seed metering rotating shaft (33) is rotatably arranged in the seed box (32), the roller (34) is fixedly arranged on the seed metering rotating shaft (33), the side surface of the roller (34) is provided with a plurality of sunken holes, the baffle (35) is a folded plate, the rear end of the baffle (35) is attached to the roller (34), and the front end of the baffle (35) is a scraper plate which is arranged relatively and is attached to the roller (34).

5. The precision seeder for small-kernel crops as claimed in claim 4, wherein a ditching side plate (26) is fixedly arranged behind the fixed column (21), and the seed guide tube (31) is arranged in the ditching side plate (26).

6. The small kernel crop precision seeder according to claim 1, wherein said press device (4) comprises a press connecting plate (41), a press side plate (42), an intermediate plate (43), an adjusting rod (44), a bolt (45), a press adjusting spring (46) and a press wheel (47); suppression connecting plate (41) fixed set up in on frame (1), two suppression curb plate (42) rotatory set up in on frame (1), two suppression curb plate (42) are connected through intermediate lamella (43), the activity sets up between suppression connecting plate (41) and intermediate lamella (43) and adjusts pole (44), the both ends of adjusting pole (44) are equipped with bolt (45), suppression adjusting spring (46) cover is established on adjusting pole (44), the one end of suppression adjusting spring (46) offsets with suppression connecting plate (41), one end offsets with intermediate lamella (43), suppression wheel (47) are rotatory to be set up in two between suppression curb plate (42).

7. The small kernel crop precision seeder according to claim 1, wherein the soil collector comprises a pair of sloping plates a (51), a soil collecting fixing plate (52) and a pair of sloping plates B (53), wherein the two sloping plates a (51) are oppositely arranged on the soil collecting fixing plate (52) and have a certain inclination angle, one ends of the two sloping plates a (51) are respectively connected with the soil collecting fixing plate (52), the two sloping plates B (53) are oppositely arranged and have a certain inclination angle, the two sloping plates B (53) are respectively connected with the other ends of the sloping plates a (51), an opening is arranged between the two sloping plates B (53), and the soil collecting fixing plate (52) is arranged on the frame (1) through a soil collecting pin shaft.