CN114514946A - 一种防冻涂膜剂与李子防冷害保鲜的方法 - Google Patents
一种防冻涂膜剂与李子防冷害保鲜的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114514946A CN114514946A CN202210206952.3A CN202210206952A CN114514946A CN 114514946 A CN114514946 A CN 114514946A CN 202210206952 A CN202210206952 A CN 202210206952A CN 114514946 A CN114514946 A CN 114514946A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- extract
- plum
- coating agent
- fruits
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 235000021018 plums Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000002595 cold damage Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- OICGFSUWXCJLCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethylsulfonylsulfanylethane Chemical compound CCSS(=O)(=O)CC OICGFSUWXCJLCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 244000037364 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000014489 Cinnamomum aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 244000303040 Glycyrrhiza glabra Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000006200 Glycyrrhiza glabra Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- NLDDIKRKFXEWBK-AWEZNQCLSA-N gingerol Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)CC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C1 NLDDIKRKFXEWBK-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- JZLXEKNVCWMYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gingerol Natural products CCCCC(O)CC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C1 JZLXEKNVCWMYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000002780 gingerol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N glycyrrhizinic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C([C@H]2[C@]([C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@]4(CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@](C)(C[C@H]5C4=CC3=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)CC1)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000011477 liquorice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 244000036905 Benincasa cerifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000011274 Benincasa cerifera Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000382455 Angelica sinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000006484 Paeonia officinalis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000170916 Paeonia officinalis Species 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000061520 Angelica archangelica Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000001287 Guettarda speciosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000236658 Paeonia lactiflora Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008598 Paeonia lactiflora Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001649 glycyrrhiza glabra l. absolute Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940051810 licorice root extract Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020725 licorice root extract Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000001453 Glycyrrhiza echinata Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000017382 Glycyrrhiza lepidota Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229940010454 licorice Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229940069445 licorice extract Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 241001106477 Paeoniaceae Species 0.000 description 8
- VYQNWZOUAUKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzone Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1OCC1=CC=CC=C1 VYQNWZOUAUKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000009084 Cold Injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003840 Amygdalus nana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000296825 Amygdalus nana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 101001097860 Lithospermum erythrorhizon Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000011432 Prunus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004789 Rosa xanthina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220222 Rosaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000273928 Zingiber officinale Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014774 prunus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/16—Coating with a protective layer; Compositions or apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N41/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom
- A01N41/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom containing a sulfur-to-oxygen double bond
- A01N41/04—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
- A01N41/08—Sulfonic acid halides; alpha-Hydroxy-sulfonic acids; Amino-sulfonic acids; Thiosulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/10—Apiaceae or Umbelliferae [Carrot family], e.g. parsley, caraway, dill, lovage, fennel or snakebed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/24—Lauraceae [Laurel family], e.g. laurel, avocado, sassafras, cinnamon or camphor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种防冻涂膜剂与李子防冷害保鲜的方法,属于李子保鲜技术领域,所述防冻涂膜剂,包括以下重量份组分:甘油30~45份,总姜酚20~35份,冬瓜果皮提取物10~25份,乙蒜素4~8份,桂枝提取物6~9份、甘草提取物6~9份、当归提取物6~9份、白芍提取物6~9份。本发明的防冻涂膜剂能够显著降低李子贮藏120天的冷害发生率,同时还能保证李果的品质,延长李子贮藏期。本发明通过采收前喷洒药剂,有效杀灭果实携带的果腐病原菌,抑制李果采后贮藏期腐烂率的发生,提高果实商品率,延长李果的贮藏期,同时本发明所述方法简单、成本低。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及李子保鲜的技术领域,具体涉及一种防冻涂膜剂与李子防冷害保鲜的方法。
背景技术
李子为蔷薇科李属多年生落叶植物,其果实口感脆爽、风味独特、营养丰富,深受广大消费者青睐。由于李子成熟期大多为7~9月,正值高温季节,李子又是呼吸跃变型水果,采后常温下不易贮存,短期内很快变软腐烂,低温冷藏是目前生产上最常用的李子贮藏方法,但是研究发现李子长期贮藏在4℃以下会发生冷害,冷害后,果味变淡、果肉褐变,腐烂增加,尤其是长期冷藏或不适宜的低温会则会导致果实冷害程度加剧,严重影响果实的商品性和流通性,给果农带来巨大经济损失。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种李子防冷害保鲜的方法,该方法显著降低李子采后低温贮藏过程中冷害的发生率,提高李子的贮藏品质和商品率,延长贮藏期。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明提供了一种防冻涂膜剂,包括以下重量份组分:
甘油30~45份,总姜酚20~35份,冬瓜果皮提取物10~25份,乙蒜素4~8份,桂枝提取物6~9份、甘草提取物6~9份、当归提取物6~9份、白芍提取物6~9份。
优选地,所述桂枝提取物:甘草提取物:当归提取物:白芍提取物的质量比为1:1:1:1。
优选地,所述冬瓜果皮提取物、桂枝提取物、甘草提取物和当归提取物分别采用超声波萃取方式进行提取得到,所述超声波的功率为300~500w,超声时间为90~120min,超声温度为40~60℃。
优选地,超声波萃取时的溶剂包括50~70%乙醇溶液。
优选地,在超声波萃取前,分别将冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归粉碎、过80~100目筛。
一种李子防冷害保鲜的方法,包括以下步骤:
采收后,用上述任意一项所述防冻涂膜剂对李果实进行涂膜,涂膜后贮藏。
优选地,所述贮藏温度为0~2℃,所述贮藏方式为将涂膜后的李果实用塑料袋包装。
优选地,所述塑料袋为PE保鲜袋,所述PE保鲜袋的厚度为15~25μm。
优选地,所述方法还包括采收前,对李果实喷洒药剂;所述药剂包括以下重量份成分:2~4份CaCl2、10~20份总姜酚和2~4份乙蒜素,所述药剂和水的质量比为(10~40):(45000~55000)。
优选地,分别在采收前10天和20天对李果实喷洒药剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明提供了一种防冻涂膜剂,本发明防冻涂膜剂通过超声波萃取工艺提取,能够有效提取冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归中的有效成分,从而发挥防冻功效,本发明的防冻涂膜剂能够显著降低李子贮藏120天的冷害发生率,同时还能保证李果的品质,延长李子贮藏期。
本发明提供的一种李子防冷害保鲜的方法,方法简单、成本低。同时本发明的方法降低了李子采后长期低温贮藏过程中冷害的发生率,保持李果的贮藏品质,保证了李子长期供应,扩大了销售时间,延长了销售半径,促进李子产业高质量发展。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种防冻涂膜剂,包括以下重量份组分:
甘油30~45份,总姜酚20~35份,冬瓜果皮提取物10~25份,乙蒜素4~8份,桂枝提取物6~9份、甘草提取物6~9份、当归提取物6~9份、白芍提取物6~9份。
在本发明中,所述的防冻涂膜剂还包括水130~160份。所述桂枝提取物:甘草提取物:当归提取物:白芍提取物的质量比优选为1:1:1:1。作为一优选的实施方式,所述冬瓜果皮提取物、桂枝提取物、甘草提取物和当归提取物分别采用超声波萃取方式进行提取得到,所述超声波的功率优选为300~500w,进一步优选为350~450w;超声时间优选为90~120min,进一步优选为100~110min;超声温度优选为40~60℃,进一步优选为45~55℃。超声波萃取时的溶剂优选地包括50~70%乙醇溶液,进一步优选包括55~65%乙醇溶液。本发明中,超声萃取后,过滤取上清液,滤液浓缩,浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.30。本发明通过上述超声波萃取方式提取,能够最大程度地提取得到冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归的防冻有效成分,从而有效地发挥防冻涂膜剂的防冻效果。为了进一步保证冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归的有效成分的快速、高含量溶出,作为本发明的优选方式,在超声波萃取前,分别将冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归粉碎、过80~100目筛。
本发明还提供了一种李子防冷害保鲜的方法,包括以下步骤:
采收后,用上述任意一项所述防冻涂膜剂对李果实进行涂膜,涂膜后贮藏。
在本发明中,上述李子防冷害保鲜的方法中,还优选地包括采收前,对李果实喷洒药剂。作为一优选地方式,分别在采收前10天和20天对李果实喷洒药剂。所述药剂包括以下重量份成分:2~4份CaCl2、10~20份总姜酚、和2~4份乙蒜素,所述药剂和水的质量比为(10~40):(45000~55000)。所述乙蒜素的剂型优选为乙蒜素油。本发明在采收前,喷洒药剂,有效地杀灭果实携带的果腐病原菌,抑制李果采后贮藏期腐烂率的发生,提高果实商品率,延长李果的贮藏期。
在本发明中,采收后,用上述任意一项所述防冻涂膜剂对李果实进行涂膜,能够显著降低李子采后低温贮藏过程中冷害的发生率,延长贮藏期。本发明的防冻涂膜剂可用于水果防冷害方面,尤其是李子防冷害方面。
在本发明中,涂膜后贮藏。所述贮藏温度优选为0~2℃,所述贮藏方式优选为将涂膜后的李果实用塑料袋包装。所述塑料袋优选为PE保鲜袋,所述PE保鲜袋的厚度优选为15~25μm,进一步优选为17~23μm,更优选为20μm。本发明通过上述贮藏方式,显著抑制了李果呼吸作用、蒸腾作用、水分蒸发,从而延长贮藏期,起到保鲜作用。
在本发明中,若无特殊说明,所有的原料组分均为本领域技术人员熟知的市售商品。
下面将结合本发明中的实施例,对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的实施例中,所述乙蒜素油购自河南神雨生物科技有限公司,所述总姜酚购自湖南三为生物科技有限公司。
在本发明的实施例中,所有试验于2020年贵州省贵阳市李子实验基地进行。
实施例1
药剂的制备:3份CaCl2、15份总姜酚和3份乙蒜素,所述农药组合物和水的质量比为25:50000,将上述重量份的CaCl2、总姜酚、乙蒜素和水混合均匀即可。
防冻涂膜剂的制备:
分别将冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归、白芍粉碎,过90目筛,然后分别将冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归、白芍粉末在超声功率为400w,超声温度为50℃,在60%乙醇溶液中超声100min,滤液减压浓缩至相对密度至1.20,分别得到冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归、白芍的提取物;
将甘油30g、总姜酚30g,冬瓜果皮提取物20g,乙蒜素7g,桂枝提取物8g,甘草提取物8g,当归提取物8g,白芍提取物8g,水150g混合均匀,即制得防冻涂膜剂。
分别在李果实采收前10天和20天喷洒药剂,采收后,用上述防冻涂膜剂对李果实涂膜后装入PE 20μm保鲜袋,于1℃的冷库中贮藏。
实施例2
药剂的制备:2份CaCl2、10份总姜酚和2份乙蒜素,所述农药组合物和水的质量比为10:55000,将上述重量份的CaCl2、总姜酚、乙蒜素和水混合均匀即可。
防冻涂膜剂的制备:
分别将冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归、白芍粉碎,过80目筛,然后分别将冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归、白芍粉末在超声功率为300w,超声温度为60℃,在70%乙醇溶液中超声70min,滤液减压浓缩至相对密度至1.30,分别得到冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归、白芍的提取物;
将甘油45g、总姜酚20g,冬瓜果皮提取物25g,乙蒜素5g,桂枝提取物6g,甘草提取物6g,当归提取物6g,白芍提取物6g,水130g混合均匀,即制得防冻涂膜剂。
分别在李果实采收前10天和20天喷洒药剂,采收后,用上述防冻涂膜剂对李果实涂膜后装入PE 25μm保鲜袋,于1℃的冷库中贮藏。
实施例3
药剂的制备:4份CaCl2、20份总姜酚和4份乙蒜素,所述农药组合物和水的质量比为10:45000,将上述重量份的CaCl2、总姜酚、乙蒜素和水混合均匀即可。
防冻涂膜剂的制备:
分别将冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归、白芍粉碎,过100目筛,然后分别将冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归、白芍粉末在超声功率为500w,超声温度为40℃,在50%乙醇溶液中超声120min,滤液减压浓缩至相对密度至1.05,分别得到冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归、白芍的提取物;
将甘油30g、总姜酚35g,冬瓜果皮提取物10g,乙蒜素12g,桂枝提取物9g,甘草提取物9g,当归提取物9g,白芍提取物9g,水160g混合均匀,即制得防冻涂膜剂。
分别在李果实采收前10天和20天喷洒药剂,采收后,用上述防冻涂膜剂对李果实涂膜后装入PE 15μm保鲜袋,于2℃的冷库中贮藏。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例1的区别在于,本对比例在李果实采收前10天和20天均未喷洒药剂,其余步骤与实施例1相同。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例1的区别在于,本对比例在采收后未用防冻涂膜剂对李果实涂膜,其余步骤与实施例1相同。
对比例3
本对比例与实施例1的区别在于,本对比例在防冻涂膜剂的组成中未添加桂枝提取物8g,甘草提取物8g,当归提取物8g,白芍提取物8g,相应的防冻涂膜剂的制备中也就不涉及桂枝提取物、甘草提取物、当归提取物与白芍提取物的制备,其余步骤与实施例1相同。
对比例4
本对比例与实施例1的区别在于,本对比例在李果实采收前10天和20天均未喷洒药剂,在采收后未用防冻涂膜剂对李果实涂膜,其余步骤与实施例1相同。
分别将实施例1、对比例1~4贮藏120天后的300个李子进行品质测定,包括冷害发生率、可溶性固形物含量和维生素C(VC)含量的测定。
其中,冷害发生率=(发生冷害果子数/总果数)×100%
可溶性固形物含量的测定:采用迷你数显折射计(PAL-1型)直接测定。
VC含量的测定:参照(曹建康,姜微波,赵玉梅.果蔬采后生理生化实验指导.北京:中国轻工业出版杜,2013年)方法测定。
不同处理组的冷害发生率、可溶性固形物含量和维生素C(VC)含量的测定结果见表1。
表1不同处理组采后贮藏120天时的李子品质(n=300)
由表1的结果可以看出,本发明的方法显著降低了李果在低温贮藏时的冷害发生率,同时还能最大限度地保留可溶性固形物含量和Vc含量,保证了李果品质,延长了贮藏期,贮藏期可达120天。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种防冻涂膜剂,其特征在于,包括以下重量份组分:
甘油30~45份,总姜酚20~35份,冬瓜果皮提取物10~25份,乙蒜素4~8份,桂枝提取物6~9份、甘草提取物6~9份、当归提取物6~9份、白芍提取物6~9份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述桂枝提取物:甘草提取物:当归提取物:白芍提取物的质量比为1:1:1:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述冬瓜果皮提取物、桂枝提取物、甘草提取物、当归提取物、白芍提取物分别采用超声波萃取方式进行提取得到,所述超声波的功率为300~500w,超声时间为90~120min,超声温度为40~60℃。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,超声波萃取时的溶剂包括50~70%乙醇溶液。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,在超声波萃取前,分别将冬瓜果皮、桂枝、甘草、当归粉碎、过80~100目筛。
6.一种李子防冷害保鲜的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
采收后,用权利要求1~5任意一项所述防冻涂膜剂对李果实进行涂膜,涂膜后贮藏。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述贮藏温度为0~2℃,所述贮藏方式为将涂膜后的李果实用塑料袋包装。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述塑料袋为PE保鲜袋,所述PE保鲜袋的厚度为15~25μm。
9.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括采收前,对李果实喷洒药剂;所述药剂包括以下重量份成分:2~4份CaCl2、10~20份总姜酚和2~4份乙蒜素,所述药剂和水的质量比为(10~40):(45000~55000)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,分别在采收前10天和20天对李果实喷洒药剂。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210206952.3A CN114514946B (zh) | 2022-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | 一种防冻涂膜剂与李子防冷害保鲜的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210206952.3A CN114514946B (zh) | 2022-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | 一种防冻涂膜剂与李子防冷害保鲜的方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114514946A true CN114514946A (zh) | 2022-05-20 |
CN114514946B CN114514946B (zh) | 2024-04-19 |
Family
ID=81599809
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210206952.3A Active CN114514946B (zh) | 2022-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | 一种防冻涂膜剂与李子防冷害保鲜的方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN114514946B (zh) |
Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006073256A1 (en) * | 2005-01-04 | 2006-07-13 | Cj Corp. | A composition for preventing browning of ground garlic |
JP2008199941A (ja) * | 2007-02-20 | 2008-09-04 | Dainichiseika Color & Chem Mfg Co Ltd | 農産物・園芸産物の鮮度保持剤および鮮度保持方法 |
CN102014634A (zh) * | 2008-05-15 | 2011-04-13 | 拜耳作物科学公司 | 提高作物对冰冻和/或霜冻的耐受性的方法 |
CN102405957A (zh) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-04-11 | 山西大学 | 减少李果实冷藏中香气损失的方法 |
CN103609677A (zh) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-05 | 浙江师范大学 | 一种利用维生素缓解枇杷果实木质化的综合贮藏保鲜方法 |
KR101548244B1 (ko) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-09-07 | 주식회사 대림물산 | 신선도 유지제, 이를 이용한 우수한 신선도 유지효과를 갖는 합성수지 포장용기 및 그 제조방법 |
CN106070584A (zh) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 务川自治县大坪镇官学村果蔬种植农民专业合作社 | 一种李子的保鲜涂膜液及其制备方法 |
CN106982922A (zh) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-07-28 | 广西育运农业开发有限公司 | 一种三华李保鲜剂及其制备方法 |
CN107668194A (zh) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-09 | 山东省果树研究所 | 咯菌腈联合壳寡糖在防治水果、蔬菜贮藏病害中的应用 |
CN107950649A (zh) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-24 | 浙江农林大学 | 一种抗冷害的果蔬保鲜涂膜剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109197999A (zh) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-15 | 桂林理工大学 | 一种基于γ-氨基丁酸的抗冷保鲜剂及其制备方法与应用 |
US20190159446A1 (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-05-30 | Cultiva, LLC | Solutions and methods for forming an exogenous flexible film on a plant and plants including the exogenous flexible film |
CN112514983A (zh) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | 一种龙滩珍珠李保脆、防冷害保鲜方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-03-04 CN CN202210206952.3A patent/CN114514946B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006073256A1 (en) * | 2005-01-04 | 2006-07-13 | Cj Corp. | A composition for preventing browning of ground garlic |
JP2008199941A (ja) * | 2007-02-20 | 2008-09-04 | Dainichiseika Color & Chem Mfg Co Ltd | 農産物・園芸産物の鮮度保持剤および鮮度保持方法 |
CN102014634A (zh) * | 2008-05-15 | 2011-04-13 | 拜耳作物科学公司 | 提高作物对冰冻和/或霜冻的耐受性的方法 |
CN102405957A (zh) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-04-11 | 山西大学 | 减少李果实冷藏中香气损失的方法 |
CN103609677A (zh) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-05 | 浙江师范大学 | 一种利用维生素缓解枇杷果实木质化的综合贮藏保鲜方法 |
KR101548244B1 (ko) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-09-07 | 주식회사 대림물산 | 신선도 유지제, 이를 이용한 우수한 신선도 유지효과를 갖는 합성수지 포장용기 및 그 제조방법 |
CN106070584A (zh) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 务川自治县大坪镇官学村果蔬种植农民专业合作社 | 一种李子的保鲜涂膜液及其制备方法 |
CN106982922A (zh) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-07-28 | 广西育运农业开发有限公司 | 一种三华李保鲜剂及其制备方法 |
CN107668194A (zh) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-09 | 山东省果树研究所 | 咯菌腈联合壳寡糖在防治水果、蔬菜贮藏病害中的应用 |
US20190159446A1 (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-05-30 | Cultiva, LLC | Solutions and methods for forming an exogenous flexible film on a plant and plants including the exogenous flexible film |
CN107950649A (zh) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-24 | 浙江农林大学 | 一种抗冷害的果蔬保鲜涂膜剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109197999A (zh) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-15 | 桂林理工大学 | 一种基于γ-氨基丁酸的抗冷保鲜剂及其制备方法与应用 |
CN112514983A (zh) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | 一种龙滩珍珠李保脆、防冷害保鲜方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
李滢冰, 陈昕, 黄峥: "李子涂膜保鲜研究", 食品与发酵工业, no. 04, 20 August 2000 (2000-08-20) * |
郭丹;郝义;韩英群;: "李子采后特性及贮藏保鲜技术研究进展", 食品工业, no. 09, 20 September 2015 (2015-09-20) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN114514946B (zh) | 2024-04-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN104286159B (zh) | 一种水蜜桃保鲜方法 | |
CN104472674A (zh) | 一种荔枝保鲜剂及其制备方法 | |
CN107691636A (zh) | 一种水果保鲜剂及其制备方法和保鲜方法 | |
CN103518911A (zh) | 一种桃金娘叶绿茶的制备方法 | |
KR101751211B1 (ko) | 남성 성기능 개선용 조성물, 이를 유효성분으로 포함하는 남성 성기능 개선용 기능성 식품 조성물 및 이의 제조방법 | |
KR101202829B1 (ko) | 편백 차의 제조방법 | |
CN104336250A (zh) | 一种菊花茶及其制备方法 | |
CN104068166A (zh) | 一种樟香绿茶及其制备方法 | |
KR102509802B1 (ko) | 철갑상어 분말을 함유하는 탈모 완화 및 발모용 기능성 조성물 | |
CN114514946A (zh) | 一种防冻涂膜剂与李子防冷害保鲜的方法 | |
CN105192199A (zh) | 一种桑叶茶的制备工艺 | |
CN108125858A (zh) | 一种用牡丹籽作护肤霜基础原料的制备方法 | |
KR20190066269A (ko) | 비린내를 제거한 홍합분말의 제조방법 | |
CN106889181A (zh) | 一种适用于粉葛保鲜用的中草药杀菌剂 | |
CN104126798A (zh) | 一种能调节血压功能的保健食品及其制备方法 | |
CN105455062A (zh) | 枸杞原浆的冻干加工方法 | |
CN104814188A (zh) | 一种玫瑰护肤养颜红茶饮品及其制备方法 | |
CN114514969A (zh) | 一种红枸杞饮料的制备方法 | |
CN108432869A (zh) | 一种蔬果专用保鲜剂及其制备方法 | |
CN104323947A (zh) | 儿童专用防冻护肤精华液 | |
CN104783100A (zh) | 一种香椿头的加工工艺 | |
CN114830935B (zh) | 一种防治香蕉巴拿马病的方法 | |
CN103330219A (zh) | 一种膨化猪皮条的制作方法 | |
CN107212124A (zh) | 金铃子夏枯草保健茶晶的制作方法 | |
CN104642501A (zh) | 从金银花中提取生物保鲜剂的方法及在树莓保鲜中的应用 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |