CN114475208A - 一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统 - Google Patents

一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统 Download PDF

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CN114475208A
CN114475208A CN202111562958.6A CN202111562958A CN114475208A CN 114475208 A CN114475208 A CN 114475208A CN 202111562958 A CN202111562958 A CN 202111562958A CN 114475208 A CN114475208 A CN 114475208A
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gear
output shaft
change mechanism
speed change
engine
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刘鹏
彭南江
农志彬
袁禄庆
何雯炎
郭宏雀
董基
付志远
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Liuzhou Wuling Automobile Industry Co Ltd
Guangxi Automobile Group Co Ltd
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Liuzhou Wuling Automobile Industry Co Ltd
Guangxi Automobile Group Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing

Abstract

本发明公开了一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统,包括发动机、发电机、驱动电机、齿轮变速机构、离合器和差速器,离合器设置在发动机输出轴和齿轮变速机构之间,齿轮变速机构的输出轴连接差速器,发电机和驱动电机电连接,驱动电机的电机输出轴构造为空心轴结构,差速器的输出轴穿过电机输出轴后与车轮相连,还包括增速齿轮副。本发明具备纯电驱动、直驱、串联、并联四种模式、机械传动效率高,系统采用的湿式离合器换挡平顺性好,轴系布置为四轴系结构且湿式离合器布置位置与同步器布置位置错开,使得体积小、取消了行星齿轮,成本低技术难度小。

Description

一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力汽车技术领域,特别是一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统。
背景技术
随着国家对汽车节能降耗的要求逐步提高,市场上出现了混动汽车、纯电汽车、氢燃料汽车等新能源车型,混合动力系统通常由发动机、发电机、驱动电机、控制器、混合动力专用变速箱几部分组成。可以取代现有燃油车变速箱技术,降低油耗。通过控制系统实时将发动机与电机耦合实现多种模式驱动,既具有燃油车动力性能强的优点,又具有纯电动汽车经济性高的优点。
如中国专利CN205601593U公开的包括发动机;发电机,与该发动机同轴相连;离合器,设置在该发动机与该发电机之间;差速器;驱动电机,通过齿轴变速传动系统分别与该离合器和该差速器相连。针对现有的混合动力系统大多只有一个挡位,动力性和经济性受限的问题,将挡位增加为两个,通过不同传动比下的挡位设置,大大提高了混合动力系统的动力性和经济性。
但该动力系统仍存在一些缺点,电机轴单独设置,占用空间大,内部存在较大的闲置空间,导致电驱桥的径向和轴向尺寸依然较大,所能传递的扭矩和传动比有限。发动机和发电机同轴直连,发动机工作效率不高。发动机驱动模式只有一个挡位,发动机驱动效率不高。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种用于前置前驱混合动力汽车的一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统总成,具备纯电驱动、直驱、串联、并联四种模式、机械传动效率高,系统采用的湿式离合器换挡平顺性好,轴系布置为四轴系结构且湿式离合器布置位置与同步器布置位置错开,使得体积小、取消了行星齿轮,成本低技术难度小。
一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统,包括发动机、发电机、驱动电机、齿轮变速机构、离合器和差速器,所述离合器设置在发动机输出轴和齿轮变速机构之间,离合器布置位置与同步器布置位置错开,保证系统总成在整理空间上均有较小的尺寸,便于整车布置。
所述齿轮变速机构的输出轴连接所述差速器;
所述驱动电机的电机输出轴构造为空心轴结构,所述差速器的输出轴穿过电机输出轴后与车轮相连;所述电机输出轴和齿轮变速机构动力连接,驱动电机的轴系与同轴布置,即与车轮轴同轴,结构紧凑,体积小。
本发明还包括增速齿轮副,所述发动机输出轴通过所述增速齿轮副和发电机输入轴连接。整体空间轴系布置为四轴系结构,发动机通过一级增速后与发电机相连,确保发电机处于高效工作区。
发动机和驱动电机均具备换挡功能,保证发动机与驱动电机均工作在高效率区间。驱动电机轴为空心轴,轴系与同轴布置。
本发明取消了现有的前置前驱混动动力系统齿轮轴系多为5轴或者6轴的结构布置,系统整体空间轴系为四轴结构布置形式,可以省去多余的齿轮传动轴系与轴承传动带来的机械效率损失。
优选的,所述齿轮变速机构包括第一空心轴、第一齿轮、第二齿轮、变速机构输出轴、第三齿轮、第四齿轮、同步器、第七齿轮和第八齿轮;所述发动机输出轴贯穿所述第一空心轴,所述第一齿轮和所述第二齿轮均连接所述第一空心轴;所述第三齿轮、所述第四齿轮和所述同步器均套设在变速机构输出轴上,所述同步器设置在所述第三齿轮和所述第四齿轮之间,所述同步器控制所述第三齿轮和所述第四齿轮和变速机构输出轴的分离与结合,系统布置同步器,且同步器的位置布置于发动机与驱动电机相连接的惰轮轴系处;第七齿轮和第八齿轮连接所述电机输出轴;所述第一齿轮的直径小于所述第三齿轮的直径,所述第二齿轮的直径大于所述第四齿轮的直径,所述第七齿轮的直径小于所述第三齿轮的直径,第八齿轮的直径大于所述第四齿轮的直径。换挡执行器采用电子换挡形式,且由控制系统来实现换挡动作,同步器布置在发动机与驱动电机相连接的惰轮处,发动机可以两挡驱动的同时,驱动电机也具备两挡位驱动,保证发动机与驱动电机均工作在高效率区间。齿轮轴系设计避开了行星齿轮系结构的难点,采用普通外啮合齿轮结构,制造成本与加工技术难度都较低,成本低、技术难度小。
优选的,所述增速齿轮副包括相互啮合的第五齿轮及第六齿轮,所述第五齿轮连接发动机输出轴,所述第六齿轮连接所述发电机输入轴,所述第五齿轮的直径大于所述第六齿轮的直径。采用两组齿轮增速,结构简单,发动机通过一级增速后与发电机相连,确保发电机处于高效工作区。
优选的,本发明还包括第九齿轮和主减速齿轮,所述变速机构输出轴另一端和所述第九齿轮连接,所述第九齿轮和所述主减速齿轮啮合,所述主减速齿轮和所述差速器连接。
优选的,所述离合器为湿式离合器。换挡平顺性好:系统采用的离合器为湿式离合器总成,可以保证发动机在动力切换过程中动力不会产生损失,平顺性好。离合器液压控制系统采用电子油泵,可以使离合器随时实现切换动作,平顺性好且控制逻辑简单。
优选的,所述第一空心轴、电机输出轴、发电机输入轴和所述变速机构输出轴相互平行设置。
优选的,所述第一空心轴设置在所述离合器和所述第五齿轮之间。结构紧凑,轴向长度短,便与整车布置。
优选的,所述第七齿轮、所述第八齿轮均设置在所述差速器和所述驱动电机之间。结构紧凑,轴向长度短,便与整车布置。
本发明的有益效果是:
驱动电机的轴系与同轴布置,系统轴系空间布置为四轴系结构,保证传动速比的同时省去多余轴系布置,结构紧凑,体积小。
通过增速齿轮副的作用,发动机通过一级增速后与发电机相连,确保发电机处于高效工作区。
发动机和驱动电机均具备两挡位,可以保证发动机和驱动电机更高的工作效率。
湿式离合器布置位置与同步器布置位置错开,保证系统总成在整理空间上均有较小的尺寸。体积小,便于整车布置。
变速机构设计避开了行星齿轮系结构的难点,采用普通外啮合齿轮结构,制造成本与加工技术难度都较低。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述的一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统的结构原理图。
图2到图5是本发明所述的一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统在四种不同工作模式下的动力传输路径图。
图6是本发明所述的齿轮变速机构的结构原理图。
图7是本发明所述的增速齿轮副的结构原理图
图中:1-发动机、2-发电机、201-发电机输入轴、3-驱动电机、301-电机输出轴、4-齿轮变速机构、401-第一空心轴、402-第一齿轮、403-第二齿轮、404-变速机构输出轴、405-第三齿轮、406-第四齿轮、407-同步器、408-第七齿轮、409-第八齿轮、5-离合器、6-差速器、7-车轮、8-增速齿轮副、801-第五齿轮、802-第六齿轮、9-第九齿轮、10-主减速齿轮。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“左”、“右”、“上”,“下”,“前”,“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或结构必须具有的特定方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1:
如图1所示,一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统,包括发动机1、发电机2、驱动电机3、齿轮变速机构4、离合器5和差速器6,所述离合器5设置在发动机输出轴101和齿轮变速机构4之间,所述齿轮变速机构4的输出轴连接所述差速器6,所述发电机2和所述驱动电机3电连接,所述驱动电机3的电机输出轴301构造为空心轴结构,所述差速器6的输出轴穿过电机输出轴301后与车轮7相连;所述电机输出轴301和齿轮变速机构4动力连接;还包括增速齿轮副8,所述发动机输出轴101通过所述增速齿轮副8和发电机输入轴201连接。
本实施例包括四种工作模式:
如图2所示,纯电驱动:混合动力系统中,仅由驱动电机3动力传输到齿轮变速机构4后,经过差速器6后驱动车轮7实现驱动汽车行驶,发动机1不参与工作。
如图3所示,发动机直驱:混动系统中,由发动机1传输到齿轮变速机构4后,经过差速器6后驱动车轮7实现驱动汽车行驶,电机不工作。
如图4所示,串联驱动:发动机1工作,动力传输到增速齿轮副8后,带动发电机2发电提供电能,并带动接驱动电机3动力传输到齿轮变速机构4后,经过差速器6后驱动车轮7实现驱动汽车行驶。此时发动机1、发电机2和驱动电机3串联工作。
如图5所示,并联驱动:发动机1与电机同时工作,发动机1一部分动力用于发电提供电能,另一部分动能与驱动电机3同时驱动汽车行驶。
实施例2:
如图1所示,一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统,包括发动机1、发电机2、驱动电机3、齿轮变速机构4、离合器5和差速器6,所述离合器5设置在发动机输出轴101和齿轮变速机构4之间,离合器5布置位置与同步器407布置位置错开,保证系统总成在整理空间上均有较小的尺寸,便于整车布置。
所述齿轮变速机构4的输出轴连接所述差速器6;
所述驱动电机3的电机输出轴301构造为空心轴结构,所述差速器6的输出轴穿过电机输出轴301后与车轮7相连;所述电机输出轴301和齿轮变速机构4动力连接,驱动电机3的轴系与差速器6同轴布置,即与车轮7轴同轴,结构紧凑,体积小。
本实施例还包括增速齿轮副8,所述发动机输出轴101通过所述增速齿轮副8和发电机输入轴201连接。整体空间轴系布置为四轴系结构,发动机1通过一级增速后与发电机2相连,确保发电机2处于高效工作区。
如图6所示,本实施例中,所述齿轮变速机构4包括第一空心轴401、第一齿轮402、第二齿轮403、变速机构输出轴404、第三齿轮405、第四齿轮406、同步器407、第七齿轮408和第八齿轮409;所述发动机输出轴101贯穿所述第一空心轴401,所述第一齿轮402和所述第二齿轮403均连接所述第一空心轴401;所述第三齿轮405、所述第四齿轮406和所述同步器407均套设在变速机构输出轴404上,所述同步器407设置在所述第三齿轮405和所述第四齿轮406之间,所述同步器407控制所述第三齿轮405和所述第四齿轮406和变速机构输出轴404的分离与结合,系统布置同步器407,且同步器407的位置布置于发动机1与驱动电机3相连接的惰轮轴系处;
第七齿轮408和第八齿轮409连接所述电机输出轴301;所述第一齿轮402的直径小于所述第三齿轮405的直径,所述第二齿轮403的直径大于所述第四齿轮406的直径,所述第七齿轮408的直径小于所述第三齿轮405的直径,第八齿轮409的直径大于所述第四齿轮406的直径。换挡执行器采用电子换挡形式,且由控制系统来实现换挡动作,同步器407布置在发动机1与驱动电机3相连接的惰轮处,发动机1可以两挡驱动的同时,驱动电机3也具备两挡位驱动,保证发动机1与驱动电机3均工作在高效率区间。齿轮轴系设计避开了行星齿轮系结构的难点,采用普通外啮合齿轮结构,制造成本与加工技术难度都较低,成本低、技术难度小。
如图6所示,本实施例中,若同步器407控制所述第三齿轮405和变速机构输出轴404的结合,则齿轮变速机构4挂入一挡,处于减速状态;此时,发动机1驱动状态时齿轮变速机构4的动力路径为:发动机输出轴101、离合器5、第一齿轮402、第三齿轮405、同步器407、变速机构输出轴404、第九齿轮9、主减速齿轮10;同理,此时驱动电机3驱动状态时齿轮变速机构4的动力路径为:电机输出轴301、第七齿轮408、第三齿轮405、同步器407、变速机构输出轴404、第九齿轮9、主减速齿轮10;
若同步器407控制所述第四齿轮406和变速机构输出轴404的结合,则齿轮变速机构4挂入二挡,处于增速状态;此时发动机1驱动状态时齿轮变速机构4的动力路径为:发动机输出轴101、离合器5、第二齿轮403、第四齿轮406、同步器407、变速机构输出轴404、第九齿轮9、主减速齿轮10;同理,此时驱动电机3驱动状态时齿轮变速机构4的动力路径为:电机输出轴301、第八齿轮409、第四齿轮406、同步器407、变速机构输出轴404、第九齿轮9、主减速齿轮10;
如图7所示,本实施例中,所述增速齿轮副8包括相互啮合的第五齿轮801及第六齿轮802,所述第五齿轮801连接发动机输出轴101,所述第六齿轮802连接所述发电机输入轴201,所述第五齿轮801的直径大于所述第六齿轮802的直径。采用两组齿轮增速,结构简单,发动机1通过一级增速后与发电机2相连,确保发电机2处于高效工作区。
如图6所示,本实施例中,本发明还包括第九齿轮9和主减速齿轮10,所述变速机构输出轴404另一端和所述第九齿轮9连接,所述第九齿轮9和所述主减速齿轮10啮合,所述主减速齿轮10和所述差速器6连接。
本实施例中,所述离合器5为湿式离合器。换挡平顺性好:系统采用的离合器5为湿式离合器总成,可以保证发动机1在动力切换过程中动力不会产生损失,平顺性好。离合器5液压控制系统采用电子油泵,可以使离合器5随时实现切换动作,平顺性好且控制逻辑简单。
本实施例中,所述第一空心轴401、电机输出轴301、发电机输入轴201和所述变速机构输出轴404相互平行设置。
本实施例中,所述第一空心轴401设置在所述离合器5和所述第五齿轮801之间。结构紧凑,轴向长度短,便与整车布置。
本实施例中,所述第七齿轮408、所述第八齿轮409均设置在所述差速器6和所述驱动电机3之间。结构紧凑,轴向长度短,便与整车布置。

Claims (8)

1.一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统,包括发动机(1)、发电机(2)、驱动电机(3)、齿轮变速机构(4)、离合器(5)和差速器(6),所述离合器(5)设置在发动机输出轴(101)和齿轮变速机构(4)之间,所述齿轮变速机构(4)的输出轴连接所述差速器(6),所述发电机(2)和所述驱动电机(3)电连接,其特征在于:所述驱动电机(3)的电机输出轴(301)构造为空心轴结构,所述差速器(6)的输出轴穿过电机输出轴(301)后与车轮(7)相连;所述电机输出轴(301)和齿轮变速机构(4)动力连接;还包括增速齿轮副(8),所述发动机输出轴(101)通过所述增速齿轮副(8)和发电机输入轴(201)连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统,其特征在于:所述齿轮变速机构(4)包括第一空心轴(401)、第一齿轮(402)、第二齿轮(403)、变速机构输出轴(404)、第三齿轮(405)、第四齿轮(406)、同步器(407)、第七齿轮(408)和第八齿轮(409);所述发动机输出轴(101)贯穿所述第一空心轴(401),所述第一齿轮(402)和所述第二齿轮(403)均连接所述第一空心轴(401);所述第三齿轮(405)、所述第四齿轮(406)和所述同步器(407)均套设在变速机构输出轴(404)上,所述同步器(407)设置在所述第三齿轮(405)和所述第四齿轮(406)之间,所述同步器(407)控制所述第三齿轮(405)和所述第四齿轮(406)和变速机构输出轴(404)的分离与结合;第七齿轮(408)和第八齿轮(409)连接所述电机输出轴(301);所述第一齿轮(402)的直径小于所述第三齿轮(405)的直径,所述第二齿轮(403)的直径大于所述第四齿轮(406)的直径,所述第七齿轮(408)的直径小于所述第三齿轮(405)的直径,第八齿轮(409)的直径大于所述第四齿轮(406)的直径。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统,其特征在于:所述增速齿轮副(8)包括相互啮合的第五齿轮(801)及第六齿轮(802),所述第五齿轮(801)连接发动机输出轴(101),所述第六齿轮(802)连接所述发电机输入轴(201),所述第五齿轮(801)的直径大于所述第六齿轮(802)的直径。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统,其特征在于:还包括第九齿轮(9)和主减速齿轮(10),所述变速机构输出轴(404)另一端和所述第九齿轮(9)连接,所述第九齿轮(9)和所述主减速齿轮(10)啮合,所述主减速齿轮(10)和所述差速器(6)连接。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统,其特征在于:所述离合器(5)为湿式离合器。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统,其特征在于:所述第一空心轴(401)、电机输出轴(301)、发电机输入轴(201)和所述变速机构输出轴(404)相互平行设置。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统,其特征在于:所述第一空心轴(401)设置在所述离合器(5)和所述第五齿轮(801)之间。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种同轴式多挡位前驱混合动力系统,其特征在于:所述第七齿轮(408)、所述第八齿轮(409)均设置在所述差速器(6)和所述驱动电机(3)之间。
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