CN111409444B - 一种单电机多模式混合动力系统及汽车 - Google Patents

一种单电机多模式混合动力系统及汽车 Download PDF

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CN111409444B
CN111409444B CN202010139655.2A CN202010139655A CN111409444B CN 111409444 B CN111409444 B CN 111409444B CN 202010139655 A CN202010139655 A CN 202010139655A CN 111409444 B CN111409444 B CN 111409444B
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gear
sun gear
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clutch
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CN111409444A (zh
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梁健
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Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely Automobile Research Institute Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely Automobile Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

本发明公开了一种单电机多模式混合动力系统及汽车，包括发动机、电机、第一传动系统、第二传动系统和换挡执行机构，其中电机动力输入轴一端与电机转子连接，另一端与所述大太阳轮连接轴连接，大太阳轮连接轴与大太阳轮连接，发动机动力输入轴与第一离合器的主动端和第二离合器的被动端连接为一体，同轴旋转，小太阳轮连接轴一端与所述第一离合器的被动端连接，所述小太阳轮连接轴的另一端与小太阳轮连接，所述第二传动系统将所述发动机和所述电机的动力复合以实现不同驱动模式和各种档位的变速输出。采用本发明具有机构简单、修理容易、对速度变化反应较快，提高传动效率的优点。

Description

一种单电机多模式混合动力系统及汽车
技术领域
本发明属于汽车传动系统领域，具体涉及一种单电机多模式混合动力系统及汽车。
背景技术
随着汽车保有量的逐年攀升，新能源汽车作为目前相对比较环保的出行工具，越来越受到消费者的喜爱。随着世界各国环境保护的措施越来越严格，混合动力车辆由于其节能、低排放等特点成为汽车研究与开发的一个重点。混合动力车辆和汽油车一样到加油站加油，不用改变汽车的使用习惯。燃油经济性能高，而且行驶性能优越，混合动力汽车的发动机要使用燃油，而且在起步、加速时，由于有电动马达的辅助，所以可以降低油耗，可关停内燃机，由电池单独驱动，实现“零”排放。动力性优于同排量的单纯内燃机汽车，特别是在起步加速时，电动机可以有效地弥补内燃机低转速扭矩力不足的弱点。在减少车内的机械噪音、低速或怠速时可采用电动机工作，不达到一定速度，发动机就不工作，因此，便能使发动机一直保持在最佳工况状态。
对混合动力汽车来说自动变速器是其最关键的零部件之一。现有的混合动力自动变速器通过液力传动和行星齿轮组合的方式来实现自动变速，一般由液力变矩器、行星齿轮机构、换挡执行机构、换挡控制系统、换挡操纵机构等装置组成，具有机构复杂，修理困难，对速度变化反应较慢，换挡顿挫感明显，相对耗油等缺点。有必有在现有技术上在保证换挡速度和舒适性的条件下优化混合动力系统的结构和提高传动效率。
发明内容
本发明要解决现有技术中混合动力系统系统，机构复杂、修理困难、对速度变化反应较慢，传动效率不高的问题。
本发明提供一种单电机多模式混合动力系统，包括发动机、电机、第一传动系统、第二传动系统和换挡执行机构，
所述第一传动系统包括电机动力输入轴、大太阳轮连接轴、发动机动力输入轴和小太阳轮连接轴，所述第二传动系统包括大太阳轮和小太阳轮，所述换挡执行机构包括第一离合器和第二离合器；
所述电机动力输入轴一端与电机转子连接，所述电机动力输入轴的另一端与所述大太阳轮连接轴连接，所述大太阳轮连接轴与所述大太阳轮连接，所述发动机动力输入轴与所述第一离合器的主动端和所述第二离合器的被动端连接为一体，同轴旋转，所述小太阳轮连接轴一端与所述第一离合器的被动端连接，所述小太阳轮连接轴的另一端与所述小太阳轮连接，所述第二传动系统将所述发动机和所述电机的动力复合实现不同驱动模式和各种档位的变速输出。
进一步地，所述换挡执行机构还包括第一制动离合器、第二制动离合器和单向制动器，所述第一制动离合器设置在所述大太阳轮连接轴的外侧，用于制动所述大太阳轮连接轴，所述第二制动离合器和单向制动器的一端与所述行星架连接，所述第二制动离合器和单向制动器的另一端固定在壳体上。
进一步地，所述第二传动系统还包括小齿轮、长齿轮、行星架和齿圈；
所述小齿轮通过轴承支撑在所述行星架上，所述小齿轮与所述小太阳轮和所述长齿轮啮合；
所述长齿轮通过轴承支撑在所述行星架上，所述长齿轮一端与所述齿圈内啮合，所述长齿轮的另一端与所述大太阳轮和所述的小齿轮啮合；
所述行星架的一端支撑所述小齿轮和所述长齿轮，所述行星架的另一端分别与所述第二离合器、第二制动离合器和单向制动器的主动端连接；
进一步地，所述混合动力系统还包括输出齿轮，所述齿圈通过输出轴与所述输出齿轮连接。
进一步地，所述电机包括电机定子和电机转子，所述电机转子同轴设置在所述电机定子内，所述电机定子固定在所述壳体上。
优选地，所述电机动力输入轴与所述大太阳轮连接轴之间设置有第一行星减速机构，所述第一行星减速机构包括第一减速太阳轮、第一减速行星轮和第一减速齿圈；
所述第一减速太阳轮与所述电机动力输入轴连接，所述第一减速齿圈固定在壳体上，所述第一减速行星轮通过轴承支撑在所述大太阳轮连接轴上，所述第一减速行星轮分别与所述第一减速太阳轮和所述第一减速齿圈啮合，所述第一行星减速机构用于增加电机驱动扭矩和减少电机功率。
优选地，所述电机动力输入轴与大太阳轮连接轴之间设置有第二行星减速机构，所述第二行星减速机构包括第二减速太阳轮、第二减速行星轮、第二减速齿圈和第二减速行星架；
所述第二减速太阳轮与所述电机动力输入轴连接，所述第二减速齿圈与所述大太阳轮连接轴连接，所述第二减速行星轮分别与所述第二减速太阳轮和所述第二减速齿圈啮合，所述第二减速行星轮通过轴承支撑在所述第二减速行星架上，所述第二减速行星架的一端固定在壳体上。
优选地，所述电机的轴线与所述发动机动力输入轴的轴线平行设置，所述电机的输出端设置有主动轮，所述发动机动力输入轴上设置有被动轮，所述主动轮和所述被动轮之间通过链条、带或齿轮连接。
进一步地，所述多模式混合动力系统实现的不同模式包括发动机驱动模式、电机驱动模式、分流驱动模式和并联驱动模式。
本发明还提供一种汽车，包括车身、底盘及所述混合动力系统，所述混合动力系统设置在所述底盘上。
实施本发明实施例，具有如下有益效果：
(1)本发明电机动力经第一传动系统由连接轴传递到第二传动系统，结构简单，减少发动机、电机、电池再到电动机驱动车辆行驶的工作模式可以更好的实现动力传递和变速，提高机械传动和电传动效率。
(2)本发明在现有的自动变速的基础上去掉一个离合器和变扭矩，加上一个电机，可以实现8个档位的多模式混合动力，可以降低电机的转速、扭矩和功率，降低电机成本，同时可以解决车辆低速大扭矩，高速高转速的行驶要求。
(3)本发明在低速时采用纯电模式，在中速时采取并联驱动模式，在高速时采用分流模式，在缺电时采用发动机驱动模式，多种模式运行可以解决不同行驶要求。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它附图。
图1是本发明实施例1的多模式混合动力系统的结构简图；
图2是本发明实施例1的多模式混合动力系统的结构简图；
图3是本发明实施例2的多模式混合动力系统的结构简图；
图4是本发明实施例3的多模式混合动力系统的结构简图；
图5是本发明实施例4的多模式混合动力系统的结构简图；
其中，图中附图标记对应为：1-发动机，2-电机，21-电机定子，22-电机转子，3-第一传动系统，31-电机动力输入轴，32-大太阳轮连接轴，33-发动机动力输入轴，34-小太阳轮连接轴，4-第二传动系统，41-大太阳轮，42-小太阳轮，43-小齿轮，44-长齿轮，45-行星架，46-齿圈，5-换挡执行机构，51-第一离合器，52-第二离合器，53-第一制动离合器，54-第二制动离合器，55-单向制动器，6-输出轴，7-输出齿轮，8-壳体，9-第一行星减速机构，91-第一减速太阳轮，92-第一减速行星轮，93-第一减速齿圈，10-第二行星减速机构，101-第二减速太阳轮，102-第二减速行星轮，103-第二减速齿圈，104-第二减速行星架，11-主动轮，12-被动轮。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
如图1和2所示，本发明实施例1一种单电机多模式混合动力系统，包括发动机1、电机2、第一传动系统3、第二传动系统4和换挡执行机构5，所述第一传动系统3包括电机动力输入轴31、大太阳轮连接轴32、发动机动力输入轴33和小太阳轮连接轴34，所述第二传动系统4包括大太阳轮41和小太阳轮42，在本发明实施例中，所述第二传动系统为拉维纳行星齿轮机构，其中大太阳轮41和小太阳轮42采用分段式结构，使换挡转换时更加平顺。
所述换挡执行机构5包括第一离合器51和第二离合器52。
所述电机动力输入轴31一端与电机转子22连接，所述电机动力输入轴31的另一端与所述大太阳轮连接轴32连接，所述大太阳轮连接轴32与所述大太阳轮41连接，所述发动机动力输入轴33与所述第一离合器51的主动端和所述第二离合器52的被动端连接为一体，同轴旋转，其中所述第二离合器52的主动端与行星架45连接，所述第二离合器52的被动端与所述发动机动力输入轴33远离所述发动机1的一端连接。所述小太阳轮连接轴34一端与所述第一离合器51的被动端连接，所述小太阳轮连接轴34的另一端与所述小太阳轮42连接，所述第二传动系统4将所述发动机1和所述电机2的动力复合实现不同驱动模式和各种档位的变速输出。
具体地，所述换挡执行机构5还包括第一制动离合器53、第二制动离合器54和单向制动器55，所述第一制动离合器53设置在所述大太阳轮连接轴32的外侧，用于制动所述大太阳轮连接轴32，所述第二制动离合器54和单向制动器55的一端与所述行星架45连接，所述第二制动离合器54和单向制动器55的另一端固定在壳体8上。在本发明实施例中，所述单向制动器具有单向固定或单向结合的作用，在降档的时候使用单向制动器还具有消除降档冲击的作用。
具体地，所述第二传动系统4还包括小齿轮43、长齿轮44、行星架45和齿圈46；所述小齿轮43通过轴承支撑在所述行星架45上，所述小齿轮43与所述小太阳轮42和所述长齿轮44啮合；所述长齿轮44通过轴承支撑在所述行星架45上，所述长齿轮44一端与所述齿圈46内啮合，所述长齿轮44的另一端与所述大太阳轮41和所述的小齿轮(43)啮合；所述行星架45的一端支撑所述小齿轮43和所述长齿轮44，所述行星架45的另一端分别与所述第二离合器52、第二制动离合器54和单向制动器55的主动端连接。
具体地，所述混合动力系统还包括输出齿轮7，所述齿圈46通过输出轴6与所述输出齿轮7连接。
具体地，所述电机2包括电机定子21和电机转子22，所述电机转子22同轴设置在所述电机定子21内，所述电机定子21固定在所述壳体8上。
本发明实施例还提供一种汽车，包括车身、底盘及上述的混合动力系统，所述混合动力系统设置在所述底盘上。
本发明实施1中的多模式混合动力系统发动机、电机和多个不同换挡执行机构的配合一共可以实现8个档位和四种驱动模式。本发明实施例1各个连接轴和换挡执行机构的连接关系符合下面的数学模型和换挡逻辑。
假设：发动机动力输入轴33转速为N1；电机动力输入轴31转速为N2；小太阳轮连接轴34转速为N3；输出轴6转速为N4；行星架45的转速为N5；齿圈46齿数除以大太阳轮41齿数＝K1；齿圈46齿数除以小太阳轮42的齿数＝K2。
(1)发动机驱动1挡，第一离合器51和第二制动离合器54接合，N1输入发动机动力，N2自由旋转，5个轴系符合转速方程式如下：
N2-(K1+1)*N5+K1*N4＝0；
N3+(K2-1)*N5-K2*N4＝0；
N1-N3＝0；
N5＝0；
N1＝发动机转速；
(2)发动机驱动2挡，第一离合器51和第一制动离合器53接合，N1输入发动机动力，5个轴系转速方程式如下：
N2-(K1+1)*N5+K1*N4＝0；
N3+(K2-1)*N5-K2*N4＝0；
N1-N3＝0；
N2＝0；
N1＝发动机转速；
(3)发动机驱动3挡，第一离合器51和第二离合器52接合，N1输入发动机动力，5个轴系转速方程式如下：
N2-(K1+1)*N5+K1*N4＝0；
N3+(K2-1)*N5-K2*N4＝0；
N1-N3＝0；
N1-N5＝0；
N1＝发动机转速；
(4)发动机驱动4挡，第二离合器52和第一制动离合器53接合，N1输入发动机动力，5个轴系转速方程式如下：
N2-(K1+1)*N5+K1*N4＝0；
N3+(K2-1)*N5-K2*N4＝0；
N2＝0；
N1-N5＝0；
N1＝发动机转速；
(5)电机驱动1挡和倒挡，第二制动离合器54或者单向制动器55接合，N2输入电机动力，N1自由状态，5个轴系转速方程式如下：
N2-(K1+1)*N5+K1*N4＝0；
N3+(K2-1)*N5-K2*N4＝0；
N5＝0；
N2＝电机转速；
(6)分流驱动1挡，第一离合器51接合，N1输入发动机动力，N2输入电机动力，5个轴系转速方程式如下：
N2-(K1+1)*N5+K1*N4＝0；
N3+(K2-1)*N5-K2*N4＝0；
N1-N3＝0；
N1＝发动机转速；
N2＝电机转速；
(7)分流驱动2挡，第二离合器52接合，N1输入发动机动力，N2输入电机动力，5个轴系转速方程式如下：
N2-(K1+1)*N5+K1*N4＝0；
N3+(K2-1)*N5-K2*N4＝0；
N1-N5＝0；
N1＝发动机转速；
N2＝电机转速；
(8)并联驱动挡，第二离合器52和第一离合器51接合，N1输入发动机动力，N2输入电机动力，5个轴系转速方程式如下：
N2-(K1+1)*N5+K1*N4＝0；
N3+(K2-1)*N5-K2*N4＝0；
N1-N5＝0；
N1-N3＝0
N1＝发动机转速；
N2＝电机转速；
本发明在现有的四档自动变速的基础上去掉一个离合器和变扭矩，加上一个电机，可以实现8个档位的多模式混合动力，可以降低电机的转速、扭矩和功率，降低电机成本，同时可以解决车辆低速大扭矩，高速高转速的行驶要求。本发明在低速时采用纯电模式，在中速时采取并联驱动模式，在高速时采用分流模式，在缺电时采用发动机驱动模式，多种模式运行可以解决不同行驶要求。本发明电机动力经第一传动系统由连接轴传递到第二传动系统，结构简单，减少发动机、电机、电池再到电动机驱动车辆行驶的工作模式可以更好的实现动力传递和变速，提高机械传动和电传动效率。
实施例2
如图3所示，本发明实施例2是实施例1的优选实施例，与实施例1的区别在于：所述电机动力输入轴31与所述大太阳轮连接轴32之间设置有第一行星减速机构9，所述第一行星减速机构9包括第一减速太阳轮91、第一减速行星轮92和第一减速齿圈93，
所述第一减速太阳轮91与所述电机动力输入轴31连接，所述第一减速齿圈93固定在壳体8上，所述第一减速行星轮92通过轴承支撑在所述大太阳轮连接轴32上，所述第一减速行星轮92分别与所述第一减速太阳轮91和所述第一减速齿圈93啮合，所述第一行星减速机构9用于增加电机驱动扭矩和减少电机功率。
实施例3
如图4所示，本发明实施例3是实施例1的优选实施例，与实施例1的区别在于：所述电机动力输入轴31与大太阳轮连接轴32之间设置有第二行星减速机构10，所述第二行星减速机构10包括第二减速太阳轮101、第二减速行星轮102、第二减速齿圈103和第二减速行星架104，
所述第二减速太阳轮101与所述电机动力输入轴31连接，所述第二减速齿圈103与所述大太阳轮连接轴32连接，所述第二减速行星轮102分别与所述第二减速太阳轮101和所述第二减速齿圈103啮合，所述第二减速行星轮102通过轴承支撑在所述第二减速行星架104上，所述第二减速行星架104的一端固定在壳体8上。
实施例4
如图5所示，本发明实施例4是实施例1的优选实施例，与实施例1的区别在于：所述电机2的轴线与所述发动机动力输入轴33的轴线平行设置，所述电机2的输出端设置有主动轮11，所述发动机动力输入轴33上设置有被动轮12，所述主动轮11和所述被动轮12之间通过链条、带或齿轮连接。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种单电机多模式混合动力系统，其特征在于，包括发动机(1)、电机(2)、第一传动系统(3)、第二传动系统(4)和换挡执行机构(5)，所述第一传动系统(3)包括电机动力输入轴(31)、大太阳轮连接轴(32)、发动机动力输入轴(33)和小太阳轮连接轴(34)，所述第二传动系统(4)包括大太阳轮(41)和小太阳轮(42)，所述换挡执行机构(5)包括第一离合器(51)和第二离合器(52)；
所述电机动力输入轴(31)一端与电机转子(22)连接，所述电机动力输入轴(31)的另一端与所述大太阳轮连接轴(32)连接，所述大太阳轮连接轴(32)与所述大太阳轮(41)连接，所述发动机动力输入轴(33)与所述第一离合器(51)的主动端和所述第二离合器(52)的被动端连接为一体，同轴旋转，所述小太阳轮连接轴(34)一端与所述第一离合器(51)的被动端直接连接，所述小太阳轮连接轴(34)的另一端与所述小太阳轮(42)连接；
所述电机(2)动力经所述电机动力输入轴(31)和所述大太阳轮连接轴(32)直接传输至所述第二传动系统(4)；所述第二传动系统(4)将所述发动机(1)和所述电机(2)的动力复合以实现不同驱动模式和各种档位的变速输出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种单电机多模式混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述换挡执行机构(5)还包括第一制动离合器(53)、第二制动离合器(54)和单向制动器(55)，
所述第一制动离合器(53)设置在所述大太阳轮连接轴(32)的外侧，用于制动所述大太阳轮连接轴(32)，
所述第二制动离合器(54)和单向制动器(55)的一端与行星架(45)连接，所述第二制动离合器(54)和单向制动器(55)的另一端固定在壳体(8)上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种单电机多模式混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述第二传动系统(4)还包括小齿轮(43)、长齿轮(44)、行星架(45)和齿圈(46)；
所述小齿轮(43)通过轴承支撑在所述行星架(45)上，所述小齿轮(43)与所述小太阳轮(42)和所述长齿轮(44)啮合；
所述长齿轮(44)通过轴承支撑在所述行星架(45)上，所述长齿轮(44)一端与所述齿圈(46)内啮合，所述长齿轮(44)的另一端与所述大太阳轮(41)和所述小齿轮(43)啮合；
所述行星架(45)的一端支撑所述小齿轮(43)和所述长齿轮(44)，所述行星架(45)的另一端分别与所述第二离合器(52)、第二制动离合器(54)和单向制动器(55)的主动端连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种单电机多模式混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述混合动力系统还包括输出齿轮(7)，所述齿圈(46)通过输出轴(6)与所述输出齿轮(7)连接。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种单电机多模式混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述电机(2)包括电机定子(21)和电机转子(22)，所述电机转子(22)同轴设置在所述电机定子(21)内，所述电机定子(21)固定在所述壳体(8)上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种单电机多模式混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述电机动力输入轴(31)与所述大太阳轮连接轴(32)之间设置有第一行星减速机构(9)，所述第一行星减速机构(9)包括第一减速太阳轮(91)、第一减速行星轮(92)和第一减速齿圈(93)，
所述第一减速太阳轮(91)与所述电机动力输入轴(31)连接，所述第一减速齿圈(93)固定在壳体(8)上，所述第一减速行星轮(92)通过轴承支撑在所述大太阳轮连接轴(32)上，所述第一减速行星轮(92)分别与所述第一减速太阳轮(91)和所述第一减速齿圈(93)啮合，所述第一行星减速机构(9)用于增加电机驱动扭矩和减少电机功率。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种单电机多模式混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述电机动力输入轴(31)与大太阳轮连接轴(32)之间设置有第二行星减速机构(10)，所述第二行星减速机构(10)包括第二减速太阳轮(101)、第二减速行星轮(102)、第二减速齿圈(103)和第二减速行星架(104)，
所述第二减速太阳轮(101)与所述电机动力输入轴(31)连接，所述第二减速齿圈(103)与所述大太阳轮连接轴(32)连接，所述第二减速行星轮(102)分别与所述第二减速太阳轮(101)和所述第二减速齿圈(103)啮合，所述第二减速行星轮(102)通过轴承支撑在所述第二减速行星架(104)上，所述第二减速行星架(104)的一端固定在壳体(8)上。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种单电机多模式混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述电机(2)的轴线与所述发动机动力输入轴(33)的轴线平行设置，所述电机(2)的输出端设置有主动轮(11)，所述发动机动力输入轴(33)上设置有被动轮(12)，所述主动轮(11)和所述被动轮(12)之间通过链条、带或齿轮连接。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种单电机多模式混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述多模式混合动力系统实现的不同模式包括发动机驱动模式、电机驱动模式、分流驱动模式和并联驱动模式。
10.一种汽车，包括车身、底盘及权利要求1-9任一项所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述混合动力系统设置在所述底盘上。
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