CN110962572B - 混合动力驱动系统及车辆 - Google Patents

混合动力驱动系统及车辆 Download PDF

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CN110962572B
CN110962572B CN201811152069.0A CN201811152069A CN110962572B CN 110962572 B CN110962572 B CN 110962572B CN 201811152069 A CN201811152069 A CN 201811152069A CN 110962572 B CN110962572 B CN 110962572B
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朱新明
穆金辉
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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Abstract

本发明属于混合动力技术领域，涉及一种混合动力驱动系统及车辆，该混合动力驱动系统包括发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一轴、发动机直驱主动齿轮、第一离合器、第二离合器、第二轴、第三轴、发动机直驱从动齿轮、中间齿轮、主减主动齿轮、主减从动齿轮及单排行星齿轮机构。本申请的混合动力驱动系统及车辆，采用多级速比，通过控制两个离合器的接合状态，可以实现电机纯电驱动、混联驱动及发动机直接驱动等工作模式。使得发动机能够工作在具有较高燃油经济性的区间，以此提高车辆燃油经济性。该混合动力驱动系统能够以较低成本和结构解决现有基于行星齿轮机构的混合动力变速器在高速工况的能耗偏高的问题。

Description

混合动力驱动系统及车辆
技术领域
本发明属于混合动力技术领域，特别是涉及一种混合动力驱动系统及车辆。
背景技术
混合动力系统可以通过多种方式改进车辆燃料经济性。例如，发动机可以在怠速、减速或制动期间关闭，采用纯电驱动模式行驶，以消除由于发动机阻力导致的效率损失。另外，通过再生制动产生或由电机在发动机运行期间发电存储在动力电池中的能量，可在纯电驱动模式下被利用，或在混合驱动模式下补充发动机的转矩或功率。
混合动力车辆能够结合至少两种不同的动力来进行驱动，目前大部分混合动力车辆都是采用油电混合动力系统，该混合动力系统包括从燃油得到动力的发动机和由电力驱动的电动机。为了最大程度上改善发动机的燃烧效率，很多汽车厂商开发的混合动力系统都采用了双电机结构，即除驱动电机外，还增加了一个发电机。由于同时存在发动机、发电机和驱动电机，三者之间的连接和控制将直接影响混合动力车辆的性能。
此外，现有的混合动力系统很难同时解决低速和中低速发动机效率问题、电平衡问题以及发动机高速动力性问题。发动机很难工作在燃油经济区间，车辆燃油经济性较差。
基于行星齿轮机构的混合动力变速器中，丰田的THS混合动力系统采用单排行星齿轮机构耦合发动机和电机的动力，但是在在高速阶段燃油经济性较差，通用的VoltecGen2混合动力系统采用双排行星齿轮机构耦合发动机和电机的动力，但是使用两排行星齿轮机构，结构较为复杂。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种混合动力驱动系统及车辆，以较低成本和结构解决现有基于行星齿轮机构的混合动力变速器在高速工况的能耗偏高的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，一方面，本发明实施例提供一种混合动力驱动系统，包括发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一轴、发动机直驱主动齿轮、第一离合器、第二离合器、第二轴、第三轴、发动机直驱从动齿轮、中间齿轮、主减主动齿轮、主减从动齿轮、差速器及单排行星齿轮机构；
所述单排行星齿轮机构包括太阳轮、行星轮、行星架及齿圈；
所述第一轴的一端通过所述第二离合器与所述发动机连接，所述第一轴的另一端与所述行星架连接，所述第一电机的输出轴与所述太阳轮连接，所述第三轴的一端与所述第二电机连接，所述第二轴为空套在所述第一轴上的空心轴，所述第一离合器连接在所述第二轴与所述发动机之间；
所述发动机直驱主动齿轮固定在所述第二轴上，所述发动机直驱从动齿轮、中间齿轮及主减主动齿轮固定连接在所述第三轴上；
所述齿圈与所述中间齿轮啮合，所述发动机直驱主动齿轮与发动机直驱从动齿轮啮合，所述主减主动齿轮与所述主减从动齿轮啮合。
可选地，所述单排行星齿轮机构、发动机直驱主动齿轮、第一离合器及第二离合器位于所述发动机与所述第一电机之间。
可选地，所述第一离合器与第二离合器相互嵌套以构成双离合器，所述单排行星齿轮机构、发动机直驱主动齿轮及双离合器沿所述第一轴的轴线向靠近所述发动机的方向依次排布，所述发动机与所述第一电机同轴布置，所述第一轴与第三轴平行间隔布置。
可选地，所述中间齿轮、发动机直驱从动齿轮及主减主动齿轮沿所述第三轴的轴线向靠近所述发动机的方向依次排布。
另一方面，本发明实施例还提供一种混合动力驱动系统，包括发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一轴、发动机直驱主动齿轮、第一离合器、第二离合器、第二轴、第三轴、发动机直驱从动齿轮、第三离合器、中间齿轮、主减主动齿轮、主减从动齿轮及单排行星齿轮机构；
所述单排行星齿轮机构包括太阳轮、行星轮、行星架及齿圈；
所述第一轴的一端通过所述第二离合器与所述发动机连接，所述第一轴的另一端与所述行星架连接，所述第一电机的输出轴与所述太阳轮连接，所述第三轴的一端与所述第二电机连接，所述第二轴为空套在所述第一轴上的空心轴，所述第一离合器连接在所述第二轴与所述发动机之间；
所述发动机直驱主动齿轮固定在所述第二轴上，所述发动机直驱从动齿轮、中间齿轮及主减主动齿轮固定连接在所述第三轴上，所述第三离合器设置在所述第三轴上且位于所述发动机直驱从动齿轮及中间齿轮之间；
所述齿圈与所述中间齿轮啮合，所述发动机直驱主动齿轮与发动机直驱从动齿轮啮合，所述主减主动齿轮与所述主减从动齿轮啮合。
可选地，所述单排行星齿轮机构、发动机直驱主动齿轮、第一离合器及第二离合器位于所述发动机与所述第一电机之间。
可选地，所述第一离合器与第二离合器相互嵌套以构成双离合器，所述单排行星齿轮机构、发动机直驱主动齿轮及双离合器沿所述第一轴的轴线向靠近所述发动机的方向依次排布，所述发动机与所述第一电机同轴布置，所述第一轴与第三轴平行间隔布置。
可选地，所述中间齿轮、第三离合器、发动机直驱从动齿轮及主减主动齿轮沿所述第三轴的轴线向靠近所述发动机的方向依次排布。
再一方面，本发明实施例还提供一种车辆，其包括上述的混合动力驱动系统。
本发明实施例的混合动力驱动系统及车辆，采用多级速比，通过控制两个离合器的接合状态，可以实现电机纯电驱动、混联驱动及发动机直接驱动等工作模式。使得发动机能够工作在具有较高燃油经济性的区间，以此提高车辆燃油经济性。可同时解决低速和中低速发动机效率问题和电平衡问题以及高速发动机动力性问题。该混合动力驱动系统能够以较低成本和结构解决现有基于行星齿轮机构的混合动力变速器在高速工况的能耗偏高的问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一实施例提供的混合动力驱动系统的结构简图；
图2是本发明第二实施例提供的混合动力驱动系统的结构简图；
图3是本发明第三实施例提供的车辆的结构简图。
说明书中的附图标记如下：
1000、车辆；
100、混合动力驱动系统；1、发动机；2、第一电机；3、第二电机；4、单排行星齿轮机构；401、太阳轮；402、行星轮；403、行星架；404、齿圈；5、第一轴；6、发动机直驱主动齿轮；7、第一离合器；8、第二离合器；9、第二轴；10、第三轴；11、中间齿轮；12、第三离合器；13、发动机直驱从动齿轮；14、主减主动齿轮；15、主减从动齿轮；16、差速器。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
第一实施例
如图1所示，本发明第一实施例提供的混合动力驱动系统100，包括发动机1、第一电机2、第二电机3、单排行星齿轮机构4、第一轴5、发动机直驱主动齿轮6、第一离合器7、第二离合器8、第二轴9、第三轴10、中间齿轮11、第三离合器12、发动机直驱从动齿轮13、主减主动齿轮14及主减从动齿轮15。
所述单排行星齿轮机构4包括太阳轮401、行星轮402、行星架403及齿圈404。所述行星轮402与所述太阳轮401外啮合，所述行星轮402与齿圈404内啮合，所述行星轮402通过设置在所述行星架403上的销轴而转动支撑在所述行星架403上。
所述主减从动齿轮15设置在差速器16的壳体上。所述主减从动齿轮15与差速器16的壳体一起旋转。
所述第一轴5的一端通过所述第二离合器8与所述发动机1连接，所述第一轴5的另一端与所述行星架403连接，所述第一电机2的输出轴与所述太阳轮401连接。所述第三轴10的一端与所述第二电机3连接，所述第二轴9为空套在所述第一轴5上的空心轴，所述第二轴9绕第一轴5旋转，所述第一离合器7连接在所述第二轴9与所述发动机1之间。
第一实施例中，所述第三轴10的一端与所述第二电机3的输出轴直接固定连接或一体形成。
所述发动机直驱主动齿轮6固定在所述第二轴9上，所述中间齿轮11、发动机直驱从动齿轮13及主减主动齿轮14固定连接在所述第三轴10上，所述第三离合器12设置在所述第三轴10上且位于所述中间齿轮11及发动机直驱从动齿轮13之间，所述第三离合器12能够选择性接合，以断开所述中间齿轮11及发动机直驱从动齿轮13之间的连接。具体地，当所述第三离合器12接合时，所述中间齿轮11及发动机直驱从动齿轮13与第三轴连为一体并一起旋转。当所述第三离合器12断开时，所述中间齿轮11与发动机直驱从动齿轮13之间动力传输中断。
所述齿圈404与所述中间齿轮11啮合，所述发动机直驱主动齿轮6与发动机直驱从动齿轮13啮合，所述主减主动齿轮14与所述主减从动齿轮15啮合。
如图1所示，所述单排行星齿轮机构4、发动机直驱主动齿轮6、第一离合器7及第二离合器8位于所述发动机1与所述第一电机2之间。
更为优选地，所述第一离合器7与第二离合器8相互嵌套以构成双离合器，所述单排行星齿轮机构4、发动机直驱主动齿轮6及双离合器沿所述第一轴5的轴线向靠近所述发动机1的方向依次排布，所述发动机1与所述第一电机2同轴布置，所述第一轴5与第三轴10平行间隔布置。所述第一电机2及第二电机3在轴向上位于所述发动机1的同一侧。
所述中间齿轮11、第三离合器12、发动机直驱从动齿轮13及主减主动齿轮14沿所述第三轴10的轴线向靠近所述发动机1的方向依次排布。
第二实施例
图2所示为本发明第二实施例提供的混合动力驱动系统100，与第一实施例不同之处在于，取消了第三离合器12，所述中间齿轮11与所述发动机直驱从动齿轮13直接固连。
即，第二实施例中，所述第三离合器12只需要控制所述中间齿轮11的接合。相对第一实施例，控制更为简单，系统的响应速度更快。
上述实施例提供的混合动力驱动系统100，采用多级速比，通过控制各个离合器的接合状态，可以实现电机纯电驱动、发动机和电机串联增程驱动、发动机和电机并联驱动及发动机直接驱动等工作模式。使得发动能够工作在具有较高燃油经济性的区间，以此提高车辆燃油经济性。另外，该系统只需采用两个或三个离合器即可，不需要同步器，减少了零部件数量，降低了混合动力驱动系统的结构复杂程度，提高了系统效率。可同时解决低速和中低速发动机效率问题和电平衡问题以及高速发动机动力性问题。该混合动力驱动系统能够以较低成本和结构解决现有基于行星齿轮机构的混合动力变速器在高速工况的能耗偏高的问题。
以上实施例中，发动机1有2种工作不同的动力路线模式：
(1)发动机与单排行星齿轮机构耦合工作动力模式：发动机1经过双离合器后，将动力传递到第一电机2，可以实现第一电机2的驻车发电功能；发动机1的动力与第一电机2进行耦合，可以将动力输出到齿圈404并经第三离合器12传递到输出轴(第三轴10)上，第一电机2可以不断地变化转速，从而实现对发动机1的转速的稳态控制从而调节输出到输出轴的转速，使得发动能够工作在具有较高燃油经济性的区间，以此提高车辆燃油经济性；
(2)发动机与平行轴齿轮机构耦合工作动力模式：发动机直驱主动齿轮6与中间齿轮构成第一组平行轴齿轮机构，齿圈404与发动机直驱从动齿轮构成第二组平行轴齿轮机构，发动机1的动力经过双离合中的一个离合器(第一离合器7)，将动力传递到第一组平行轴齿轮机构上，从而将动力传到动力输出轴(第三轴10)上；另外，发动机1的动力经过双离合器的另一个离合器(第二离合器8)后，将动力传递到第二组平行轴齿轮机构上，从而将动力传到动力输出轴(第三轴10)上。
以上实施例中，第一电机2有如下工作模式和特点：
a.第一电机发电工作模式：此模式下发动机1带动第一电机2发电；
b.第一电机与发动机同向转动工作模式：第一电机2与发动机1同方向转动；
c.第一电机与发动机反向转动工作模式：第一电机2与发动机1反方向转动。
以上实施例中，第二电机3有如下工作模式和特点：
a.第二电机纯电驱动模式；
b.第二电机空载运行模式：发动机1直接驱动车辆，第二电机3不参与驱动也不发电；
c.发动机驱动第二电机发电模式：发动机1驱动车辆，也同时驱动第二电机3发电，发动机1的动力经双离合器中的一个离合器(第一离合器7或第二离合器8)到其中一组平行轴齿轮机构上再到动力输出轴(第三轴10)上，第二电机3随动发电；
d.第二电机和发动机驱动模式：发动机1的动力经双离合器中的一个离合器(第一离合器7或第二离合器8)到其中一组平行轴齿轮机构上再到动力输出轴(第三轴10)上，发动机1与第二电机3同时驱动车辆；
e.第二电机制动减速发电。
第三实施例
另外，如图3所示，本发明第三实施例还提供了一种车辆1000，其包括上述实施例的混合动力驱动系统100。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，包括发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一轴、发动机直驱主动齿轮、第一离合器、第二离合器、第二轴、第三轴、发动机直驱从动齿轮、中间齿轮、主减主动齿轮、主减从动齿轮及单排行星齿轮机构；
所述单排行星齿轮机构包括太阳轮、行星架及齿圈；
所述第一轴的一端通过所述第二离合器与所述发动机连接，所述第一轴的另一端与所述行星架连接，所述第一电机的输出轴与所述太阳轮连接，所述第三轴的一端与所述第二电机连接，所述第二轴为空套在所述第一轴上的空心轴，所述第一离合器连接在所述第二轴与所述发动机之间；
所述发动机直驱主动齿轮固定在所述第二轴上，所述发动机直驱从动齿轮、中间齿轮及主减主动齿轮固定连接在所述第三轴上；
所述齿圈与所述中间齿轮啮合，所述发动机直驱主动齿轮与发动机直驱从动齿轮啮合，所述主减主动齿轮与所述主减从动齿轮啮合；
所述第一离合器与第二离合器相互嵌套以构成双离合器，所述发动机与所述第一电机同轴布置，所述第一轴与第三轴平行间隔布置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述单排行星齿轮机构、发动机直驱主动齿轮、第一离合器及第二离合器位于所述发动机与所述第一电机之间。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述单排行星齿轮机构、发动机直驱主动齿轮及双离合器沿所述第一轴的轴线向靠近所述发动机的方向依次排布。
4.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述中间齿轮、发动机直驱从动齿轮及主减主动齿轮沿所述第三轴的轴线向靠近所述发动机的方向依次排布。
5.一种混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，包括发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一轴、发动机直驱主动齿轮、第一离合器、第二离合器、第二轴、第三轴、发动机直驱从动齿轮、第三离合器、中间齿轮、主减主动齿轮、主减从动齿轮、差速器及单排行星齿轮机构；
所述单排行星齿轮机构包括太阳轮、行星架及齿圈；
所述第一轴的一端通过所述第二离合器与所述发动机连接，所述第一轴的另一端与所述行星架连接，所述第一电机的输出轴与所述太阳轮连接，所述第三轴的一端与所述第二电机连接，所述第二轴为空套在所述第一轴上的空心轴，所述第一离合器连接在所述第二轴与所述发动机之间；
所述发动机直驱主动齿轮固定在所述第二轴上，所述发动机直驱从动齿轮、中间齿轮及主减主动齿轮固定连接在所述第三轴上，所述第三离合器设置在所述第三轴上且位于所述发动机直驱从动齿轮及中间齿轮之间；
所述齿圈与所述中间齿轮啮合，所述发动机直驱主动齿轮与发动机直驱从动齿轮啮合，所述主减主动齿轮与所述主减从动齿轮啮合；
所述第一离合器与第二离合器相互嵌套以构成双离合器，所述发动机与所述第一电机同轴布置，所述第一轴与第三轴平行间隔布置。
6.根据权利要求5所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述单排行星齿轮机构、发动机直驱主动齿轮、第一离合器及第二离合器位于所述发动机与所述第一电机之间。
7.根据权利要求6所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述单排行星齿轮机构、发动机直驱主动齿轮及双离合器沿所述第一轴的轴线向靠近所述发动机的方向依次排布。
8.根据权利要求5所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述中间齿轮、第三离合器、发动机直驱从动齿轮及主减主动齿轮沿所述第三轴的轴线向靠近所述发动机的方向依次排布。
9.一种车辆，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-8任意一项所述的混合动力驱动系统。
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