CN114426438A - Organic material decomposing inoculant containing compound microorganisms and application thereof - Google Patents
Organic material decomposing inoculant containing compound microorganisms and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
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- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 240000006439 Aspergillus oryzae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000002247 Aspergillus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 108090000526 Papain Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229940039695 lactobacillus acidophilus Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic material decomposition agent containing compound microorganisms, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 2-3 parts of aspergillus niger, 4-6 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2-4 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1-3 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 2-4 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 0.5-1.5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.5-1.5 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus, 0.04-0.06 parts of cellulase, 0.02-0.03 parts of papain and 30-50 parts of a composite carrier; the composite carrier is a mixture of animal feather powder and vermiculite powder; the strain groups selected in the decomposing inoculant can be harmoniously co-located and mutually promoted, and the advantages are complemented, so that the decomposing inoculant disclosed by the invention is high in decomposing speed, short in fermentation period and good in quality of decomposed biological organic fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of organic material decomposing agents, and particularly relates to an organic material decomposing agent containing compound microorganisms and an application thereof.
Background
As a big agricultural country, the organic materials such as straws and the like in China have huge production capacity, contain a large amount of nutrient elements required by the growth of crops, and the straw returning is a sustainable agricultural development mode; the main method adopted at present is burning on site, which not only causes environmental pollution, but also destroys the nutrient substances in the straws, reduces the utilization rate of the straws and ensures that the nutrient substances in the straws are fully exerted and utilized; composting the straws is an ideal method for returning the straws to the field; the traditional compost preparation method is to use the straws, animal wastes and the like to mix and use indigenous microorganisms in the straws and the animal wastes to ferment, but effective microorganisms existing in organic materials at the initial stage of compost are in the breeding period and have low content, so that the compost fermentation period is long, nutrient substances in the obtained compost are seriously lost, the fertilizer efficiency is low, and the requirement of agricultural development cannot be met, therefore, research and development of a composite microorganism decomposing inoculant which has multiple effective viable bacteria and types and short decomposing time and is used for promoting the rapid decomposition of the straws and can improve the fertilizer efficiency of the compost have important promotion significance on agricultural sustainable development.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an organic material decomposing agent containing compound microorganisms; the invention also provides a method for decomposing straws by applying the organic material decomposing inoculant containing the compound microorganisms.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an organic material decomposition agent containing compound microorganisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 2-3 parts of aspergillus niger, 4-6 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2-4 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1-3 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 2-4 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 0.5-1.5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.5-1.5 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus, 0.04-0.06 parts of cellulase, 0.02-0.03 parts of papain and 30-50 parts of a composite carrier;
an organic material decomposition agent containing compound microorganisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.5 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 1.5 parts of aspergillus niger, 5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 1 part of lactobacillus acidophilus, 0.05 part of cellulase, 0.025 part of papain and 40 parts of a composite carrier;
further, the composite carrier is a mixture of animal feather powder and vermiculite powder;
preferably, the weight ratio of the vermiculite powder to the animal feather powder in the composite carrier is 2: 1; the particle size of the vermiculite powder is 200-300 meshes, and the particle size of the animal feather powder is 500-600 mu m.
Preferably, the vermiculite is an expanded vermiculite;
a method for decomposing straws by using the organic material decomposing inoculant containing the compound microorganisms specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) laying the pretreated straws into a layer with the thickness of 15-20 cm, spreading a decomposition agent and urea to the upper layer, laying a layer of straws, and continuously spreading the decomposition agent and urea; repeating the operation, and adjusting the height of the straw pile;
(2) spraying water into the compost until the straws are soaked and do not flow out, and performing composting fermentation until the color of the straws is brown or black brown and the straws are composted and loosened to obtain the biological organic fertilizer;
the weight ratio of the decomposing inoculant to the straws in the step (1) is 0.1-0.3%; the adding amount of the urea is 0.6 percent of the weight of the straws;
the water content of the straw pile body before the stack retting fermentation in the step (2) is 60-70%;
the pretreated straws in the step (1) are 3-5 cm small-cut straws; the height of the pile body is 90-100 cm;
the method for rapidly decomposing the straws and directly returning the straws to the field by applying the decomposing agent comprises the following specific steps: cutting the straws, and spreading the cut straws on a field with the thickness of 5-10 cm, preferably no white spots on the field; uniformly spreading a decomposing agent on the straws; irrigating, wherein the water amount is preferably that the straws do not float;
the straws are selected from one or more of dry, fresh corn straws, wheat straws, rice straws, sweet potato vines, broad bean straws, rape straws, weeds and leaves.
Advantageous effects
(1) The decomposing inoculant disclosed by the invention is composed of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, cellulase, papain and a composite carrier in a specific proportion, and the synergistic effect of the raw materials achieves the effect of quickly decomposing crop straws, so that the nutritional ingredients in the straws are fully released, the decomposition of organic matters in straw compost is obviously improved, the odor is eliminated, the loss rate of nitrogen is reduced, the straw decomposing time is shortened, and the quality of the decomposed compost is improved.
(2) The strain groups selected in the decomposing inoculant can be harmoniously co-located and mutually promoted, and the advantages are complemented, so that the decomposing inoculant disclosed by the invention is high in decomposing speed, short in fermentation period and good in quality of decomposed biological organic fertilizer;
(3) the invention selects the mixture of animal feather powder and vermiculite powder as carrier: the density of the animal feather powder is obviously improved by mixing the animal feather powder with the vermiculite, the animal feather powder is decomposed into small molecular substances such as amino acid and the like under the action of enzyme and bacillus licheniformis, on one hand, a nitrogen source is provided for a fermentation system, on the other hand, the oxygen content in the fermentation system is improved by the porous structure of the animal feather powder, and the breathing of aerobic bacteria is enhanced; the expanded vermiculite is used as an ore with a porous structure containing various trace elements, is used as a carrier of microorganisms and active enzymes, and has the following functions: on one hand, the content of trace elements in the decomposed soil is increased, on the other hand, the straw material is loosened in the fermentation process, and the oxygen content of a fermentation system is enhanced; promoting aerobic respiration of the strain; the porous structure also has the function of adsorbing odor released by a fermentation system, and the odor in the fermentation system mainly comes from ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide; the loss of nitrogen is obviously reduced by absorbing gases such as ammonia gas and the like, and the content of nitrogen in the compost is improved;
(4) when the straw is decomposed by using the decomposition agent, the color of the straw can be completely changed into brown or black brown within 23 days, so that the decomposition is completed; and the fertilizer is thoroughly decomposed, so that the pest eggs and weed seeds are effectively killed, and soil-borne diseases brought to soil by the organic fertilizer are avoided.
(5) The biological organic fertilizer obtained by decomposing the decomposing agent can increase the content of organic matters in soil and loosen the soil; improving the soil nutrition status, enhancing the disease resistance of fruits and vegetables, promoting the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, stimulating the rapid growth of fruits and vegetables, improving the yield and quality of fruits and vegetables, and the obtained fruits and vegetables are more storage-resistant.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, but it should be emphasized that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments; the microbial species used in the examples below can be isolated by themselves or obtained by purchase; the starting materials described in the examples below are, without specific indication, either prepared by conventional methods or commercially available.
Example 1
Preparing a composite carrier:
grinding expanded vermiculite to obtain expanded vermiculite powder with the particle size of 100-; after the waste animal feathers are sterilized and disinfected, the animal feathers are crushed to obtain animal feather powder with the particle size range of 500-600 mu m; mixing expanded vermiculite powder and feather powder in a weight ratio of 2:1, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a composite carrier;
example 2
An organic material decomposition agent containing compound microorganisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 2 parts of aspergillus niger, 4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1 part of bacillus licheniformis, 2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 0.5 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.5 part of lactobacillus acidophilus, 0.04 part of cellulase, 0.02 part of papain and 30 parts of a composite carrier (obtained in example 1);
example 3
An organic material decomposition agent containing compound microorganisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 2.5 parts of aspergillus niger, 5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 1 part of lactobacillus acidophilus, 0.05 part of cellulase, 0.025 part of papain and 40 parts of a composite carrier (obtained in example 1);
example 4
An organic material decomposition agent containing compound microorganisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 3 parts of aspergillus niger, 6 parts of bacillus subtilis, 4 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 4 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1.5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 1.5 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus, 0.06 part of cellulase, 0.03 part of papain and 50 parts of a composite carrier (obtained in example 1);
example 5
An organic material decomposition agent containing compound microorganisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 2.5 parts of aspergillus niger, 7 parts of bacillus subtilis, 0 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 1 part of lactobacillus acidophilus, 0.05 part of cellulase, 0.025 part of papain and 40 parts of a composite carrier; compared with the example 3, the saccharomyces cerevisiae is replaced by bacillus subtilis;
example 6
An organic material decomposition agent containing compound microorganisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 2.5 parts of aspergillus niger, 7 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 0 part of bacillus licheniformis, 3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 1 part of lactobacillus acidophilus, 0.05 part of cellulase, 0.025 part of papain and 40 parts of a composite carrier; in contrast to example 3, in which the B.licheniformis was replaced by an equivalent amount of B.subtilis.
Example 7
An organic material decomposition agent containing compound microorganisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 2.5 parts of aspergillus niger, 5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 1 part of lactobacillus acidophilus, 0.05 part of cellulase, 0.025 part of papain and 40 parts of a composite carrier; the composite carrier is prepared by the method described in example 1, and the expanded vermiculite is replaced by the same amount of vermiculite;
example 8
The method for decomposing the rape straws by applying the organic material decomposing inoculant containing the compound microorganisms disclosed by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps of:
a method for decomposing straws by using the organic material decomposing inoculant containing the compound microorganisms specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing rape straws into small sections of 3-5 cm by a crusher, laying the straws into a layer with the thickness of 15 cm, spreading a decomposition agent on the upper layer, laying a layer of straws, and continuously spreading the decomposition agent (the decomposition agent in the embodiment 3) and urea; repeating the operation, paving 6 layers of straws, applying a decomposition agent and urea between the layers, and applying five layers of straws, wherein the total amount of the decomposition agent is 0.1% of the weight of the straws, and the addition amount of the urea is 0.6% of the weight of the straws;
(2) spraying water into the pile body until the straws are soaked and do not flow out (the water content is 60-70%), performing pile retting fermentation, and after 20 days of fermentation, reducing the temperature of the pile body to below 35 ℃ and keeping the temperature unchanged, namely completing the decomposition to obtain the biological organic fertilizer; the color of the fermented straw is changed into brown or black brown, and the straw compost is loose.
Example 9
The method for decomposing the rape straws by using the organic material decomposing agent containing the compound microorganisms comprises the following steps:
the method for decomposing straw by using the decomposition agent containing the compound microorganisms specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing rape straws into small sections of 3-5 cm by a crusher, laying the straws into a layer with the thickness of 17 cm, spreading a decomposition agent on the upper layer, laying a layer of straws, and continuously spreading the decomposition agent (the decomposition agent in the embodiment 3) and urea; repeating the operation, paving 6 layers of straws, spreading a decomposition agent and urea between the layers, and spreading five layers of straws, wherein the total amount of the decomposition agent is 0.2% of the weight of the straws; the adding amount of the urea is 0.6 percent of the weight of the straws;
(2) spraying water into the pile body until the straws are soaked and do not flow out (the water content is 60-70%), performing pile retting fermentation, and after fermenting for 18 days, reducing the temperature of the pile body to below 35 ℃ and keeping the temperature unchanged, namely completing the decomposition to obtain the biological organic fertilizer; the color of the fermented straw is changed into brown or black brown, and the straw compost is loose.
Example 10
The method for decomposing the rape straws by using the organic material decomposing inoculant containing the compound microorganisms comprises the following steps:
a method for decomposing straw by using the compound microorganism-containing decomposing inoculant specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing rape straws into small sections of 3-5 cm by a crusher, laying the straws into a layer with the thickness of 20 cm, spreading a decomposition agent on the upper layer, laying a layer of straws, and continuously spreading the decomposition agent (the decomposition agent in the embodiment 3) and urea; repeating the operation, paving 6 layers of straws, spreading a decomposition agent and urea between the layers, and spreading five layers of straws, wherein the total amount of the decomposition agent is 0.3 percent of the weight of the straws; the adding amount of the urea is 0.6 percent of the weight of the straws;
(2) spraying water into the pile body until the straws are soaked and do not flow out (the water content is 60-70%), performing pile retting fermentation, and after fermenting for 22 days, reducing the temperature of the pile body to below 35 ℃ and keeping the temperature unchanged, namely completing the decomposition to obtain the biological organic fertilizer; the color of the fermented straw is changed into brown or black brown, and the straw compost is loose.
The decomposition agent disclosed in the embodiments 2-7 of the invention is applied to decompose the rape straws, and the specific decomposition method and the addition amount of the decomposition agent are the same as those in the embodiment 10; the time required for decomposing the straws by using different decomposition agents is recorded, and the obtained bio-organic fertilizer is detected, and the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1.
The fermentation period refers to the time required for the compost to become black brown and not change after the temperature is reduced to below 35 ℃, and the compost becomes loose.
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the composting and decomposing of the rape stalks can be completed within 23 days by adopting the method described in example 9 and the methods described in examples 9 and 10 (examples 8 and 10) by adopting the decomposing agent described in examples 2 to 4 and the decomposing agent described in example 3, and the total nutrient content in the obtained organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 5%; the decomposition agent described in the embodiment 5-7 is adopted to stack, wet and decompose the rape straws by the same method, and the decomposition time is increased by 5-10 days; the nitrogen loss of the bio-organic fertilizer obtained by decomposing the rape straws by adopting the decomposing agent is less, so that on one hand, the malodorous smell caused by stack retting is reduced, on the other hand, the nitrogen content in the compost is improved, and the quality of the fertilizer is improved;
the decomposition agent described in the embodiments 2 to 7 of the invention is used for decomposing straws and directly returning the straws to the field:
grouping: dividing the test field into 8 groups (area 100 m)2Group), one group is blank control group, one group is control group, and other 6 groups are test groups;
the treatment method comprises the following steps: the blank control group is not treated with straws; respectively spreading equal amount of cut rape straws on the land of the control group and the land of the test group, wherein the laying thickness of the rape straws in each land is 5-10 cm, and the proper thickness is that no white is exposed on the land; the field in the control group is not spread with the decomposition agent; in test group 6, the decomposing agents and urea of examples 2-7 were uniformly sprayed on the straw; irrigating, wherein the water amount is preferably that the straws do not float, and after the straws are fermented for 20 days, ploughing and preparing soil; planting Shanghai green on the blank control group, the control group and the test group plots respectively; during the period, the same field management is carried out on the land parcels, and after 30 days (calculated after planting Shanghai green), 20m is randomly harvested2Counting and recording the growth condition of the Shanghai Qing; simultaneously harvesting the Shanghai Qing once, and recording the yield of the harvested Shanghai Qing in each plot; the results are reported in table 2.
Table 2.
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the decomposition agent is directly used for decomposing straws returned to the field, the yield of the Shanghai Qing is obviously improved by the decomposed straws, and compared with a blank control group, the plant height, the number of leaves per plant and the weight of each plant of the Shanghai Qing in a plot with the decomposed straws of the decomposition agent directly in the farmland as base fertilizer are respectively increased by 11.9-15.6cm, 6.7-8.6 slices and 46.0-53.2 g; the yield of the Shanghai green is increased by 82.7kg per 100 square meters; the yield per mu is increased by 551.4 kg/mu; the yield is increased by 35.7%;
compared with a control group, the straw decomposed by the decomposing agent is used as a base fertilizer for Shanghai green; the plant height, the number of leaves of each plant and the weight of each plant of the Shanghai Qing are respectively increased by 9.5-14.1cm, 5.7-7.6 tablets and 41.2-48.4 g; the yield of the Shanghai green is increased by 71.5kg/100 square meter; the yield per mu is increased by 476.7 kg/mu; the yield is increased by 30.9%;
compared with the embodiment 5-7, the straw decomposed by the decomposing agent in the embodiment 3 is used as the base fertilizer of the Shanghai green, and the plant heights of the Shanghai green are respectively increased by 9.9cm, 9.3cm and 6.4 cm; the number of the leaves of each plant is increased by 5.5, 6.7 and 5.1 respectively; the weight of each plant is respectively increased by 35.2g, 26.5g and 18.3 g; the yield is respectively increased by 48.4kg/100 square meter, 36.4kg/100 square meter and 25.2kg/100 square meter;
in conclusion, the decomposition agent can be directly used for straw returning, and the decomposed straw is directly returned to the field, so that the production process of the decomposition fertilizer is saved, and the cost is saved; the growth of the Shanghai green is also promoted, and the yield of the Shanghai green is obviously improved; compared with the yield of the Shanghai green in the land parcel without the straw as the base fertilizer, the yield of the Shanghai green is improved by 35.7 percent; compared with the yield of the Shanghai green in the plots added with the non-decomposed straws, the yield of the Shanghai green is improved by 30.9 percent; because no decomposing agent is added, the added straws cannot promote the growth of the Shanghai green at the initial stage; the yield of the Shanghai green is low; the storage time of the Shanghai green harvested in the land parcels using the straw decomposed by the decomposing agent of the invention as the base fertilizer is prolonged.
The strains in the decomposition agent have a synergistic effect to promote the decomposition of the straws, so that the decomposition time of the straws is shortened, and the quality of the decomposed straw fertilizer is improved.
The above experimental examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any simple changes or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The organic material decomposition agent containing the compound microorganism is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 2-3 parts of aspergillus niger, 4-6 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2-4 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1-3 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 2-4 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 0.5-1.5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.5-1.5 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus, 0.04-0.06 parts of cellulase, 0.02-0.03 parts of papain and 30-50 parts of a composite carrier.
2. The composite microorganism-containing organic material decomposition agent as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.5 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 1.5 parts of aspergillus niger, 5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 1 part of lactobacillus acidophilus, 0.05 part of cellulase, 0.025 part of papain and 40 parts of composite carrier.
3. The complex microorganism-containing organic material decomposing agent according to claim 1, wherein the number of effective viable bacteria in the complex microorganism-containing decomposing agent is not less than 0.2 hundred million/gram.
4. The complex microorganism-containing organic material decomposing agent according to claim 1, wherein the complex carrier is a mixture of animal feather meal and vermiculite powder.
5. The complex microorganism-containing organic material decomposing agent according to claim 4, wherein the complex carrier is a carrier; the weight ratio of the vermiculite powder to the animal feather powder is 2: 1; the particle size of the vermiculite powder is 200-300 meshes, and the particle size of the animal feather powder is 500-600 mu m.
6. The composite microorganism-containing organic material decomposing agent according to claim 4, wherein the vermiculite is an expanded vermiculite.
7. A method for decomposing straw by using the composite microorganism-containing organic material decomposing agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises the following steps:
(1) laying the pretreated straws into a layer with the thickness of 15-20 cm, spreading a decomposition agent and urea to the upper layer, laying a layer of straws, and continuously spreading the decomposition agent and urea; repeating the operation, and adjusting the height of the straw pile;
(2) and spraying water into the compost until the straws are soaked and do not flow out, and performing composting fermentation until the color of the straws of the compost becomes brown or black brown and the straw compost is loose, thereby obtaining the biological organic fertilizer.
8. The method for decomposing straw according to claim 7, wherein the pretreated straw in step (1) is 3-5 cm small cut; the height of the pile body is 90-100 cm; the weight ratio of the decomposing inoculant to the straws is 0.1-0.3%, and the addition amount of the urea is 0.6% of the weight of the straws.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the moisture content of the straw stack before retting in step (2) is 60-70%.
10. A method for rapidly decomposing straws and directly returning the straws to the field by using the decomposing agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized by comprising the following steps: cutting the straws, and spreading the cut straws on a field with the thickness of 5-10 cm, preferably no white spots on the field; uniformly spreading a decomposing agent on the straws; irrigating with water in the amount that the straws do not float.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102212494A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-12 | 王颖 | Organic matter decomposing inoculant, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104403971A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 蒋小春 | Straw decomposing agent and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102212494A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-12 | 王颖 | Organic matter decomposing inoculant, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104403971A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 蒋小春 | Straw decomposing agent and preparation method thereof |
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