CN114381139A - 一种长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料及其油墨的制备 - Google Patents
一种长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料及其油墨的制备 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料及其油墨的制备，属于光致变色材料技术领域。本发明提供的长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料在传统的微胶囊型光致变色颜料制备工艺的芯材配方中添加了高耐候溶剂，对产品的耐候性有明显提升，同时使用该颜料制备了具有长耐候效果的油墨，其优异的耐候性更能满足实际应用需要。所述的长耐候微胶囊性光致变色颜料及其油墨制备工艺简单，无需对现有工艺或设备进行大规模升级，适用范围广，产品竞争力高，具有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光致变色材料领域，尤其涉及一种长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料及其油墨的制备。
背景技术
光致变色染料在一定的波长和强度的光源激发下，其分子结构会发生可逆变化，进而导致颜色的变化，停止激发后，染料分子结构回复，颜色变为初始状态。这种材料的寿命及性能容易受到外部环境中温度、氧气、酸碱等因素影响，一般需要使用微胶囊技术将其保护起来，将光致变色染料颜料化，提高其环境耐受性，扩大其适用范围。
微胶囊型光致变色颜料经过多年的探索和发展，在商品化方面取得了一定进展，广泛用于服装和塑料注塑行业，但是在油墨领域的应用仍然有待进一步开发。使用光致变色油墨可以在物体表面印刷具有光致变色效果的图案，颜色和图案调控更灵活，适用性广泛，能有效提升产品趣味性和竞争力，具有良好的市场应用前景。
现有的微胶囊型光致变色颜料的耐候性较差，远达不到实际应用要求，阻碍了光致变色颜料发展。目前主要通过添加大量的保护性助剂提高微胶囊型光致变色颜料的耐候性，生产成本较高，并且助剂的大量添加也会影响显色效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料及其油墨的制备，本发明所述的微胶囊型光致变色颜料及其油墨的耐候性与同类产品相比具有明显提升。
一种长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料，其特征在于包括芯材和包覆所述芯材的壁材；
所述芯材包括有机溶剂、高耐候溶剂、光致变色染料、抗氧剂和紫外吸收剂；
所述壁材为密胺预聚体、脲醛树脂、聚氨酯、聚脲中的至少一种。
所述芯材各组分按照质量份计比例如下：
所述有机溶剂为中、高沸点芳香烃溶剂油，芳烃含量≥95％，如120#溶剂油、150#溶剂油、200#溶剂油、300#溶剂油中的至少一种；
所述的有机溶剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、环己烷、环己酮、甲苯、二甲苯中的至少一种。
所述高耐候溶剂主体为含有卤素的芳烃类化合物与含有不饱和双键的丙烯酸酯类化合物的混合物，如3,5-二氯-4-(1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基)苯胺和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物。
所述光致变色染料为噁嗪类、吡喃类、二氢芘类、苯氧基蒽醌类、二芳基乙烯类化合物中的至少一类；
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂CA、抗氧剂164、抗氧剂DNP、抗氧剂DLTP、抗氧剂TNP、抗氧剂TPP、抗氧剂MB、抗氧剂264中的至少一种；
所述紫外吸收剂为邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯、紫外线吸收剂UV-P、紫外线吸收剂UV-9、紫外线吸收剂UV-531、紫外线吸收剂UVP-327、紫外线吸收剂RMB、光稳定剂AM-101、光稳定剂744、光稳定剂HPT、光稳定剂LA52、光稳定剂LA82、光稳定剂770、光稳定剂622中的至少一种。
一种长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料油墨的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)水相的制备
将乳化剂均匀分散在水中作为水相，水相中乳化剂固含量为0.1～15％；
(2)油相的制备
将有机溶剂、高耐候溶剂、光致变染料、抗氧剂和紫外吸收剂按权利要求2所述的比例混合置于容器中，加热搅拌至完全融化，混合均匀，作为油相；
(3)乳液制备
将步骤2制备的油相，倒入步骤1的水相中，使用机械乳化机进行剪切乳化，形成均匀的O/W乳液，油滴粒径为0.01～100μm之间；
(4)长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料乳液的制备
将步骤3中得到的乳液缓慢倒入反应釜中，加热反应，即可得到长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料乳液，可直接用于水性油墨的配置；
(5)长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料的制备
将步骤4中得到的乳液分离、清洗、烘干后，得到长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料。
步骤1中所述乳化剂为苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物钠盐、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的至少一种。
步骤4中长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料乳液的固含量为1～70％。
添加有权利要求1所述的长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料的乳液，油墨各组分按照质量份计，比例如下：
添加有权利要求1所述的长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料，油墨分组分按照质量份计，比例如下：
所述溶剂为酮类、酯类和苯类溶剂中的至少一种。
所述树脂为聚酰胺树脂、丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酯树脂、环氧树脂、有机硅改性树脂或醇酸树脂中的至少一种。
本发明具有的优点和有益效果是：
与现有的光致变色微胶囊制作过工程相比，在芯材制备过程中添加高耐候溶剂，一方面能够降低芯材中的芳基含量，另一方面引入大量的卤素，尤其是氟元素，其电子云能够对变色分子结构起到保护作用，从两个方面提高光致变色材料的耐候性，使其满足市场需求，工艺简单，操作方便，适用范围广，无需对现有工艺或设备进行改进大规模升级，方便工业化生产。同时，将所述的长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料应用到水性油墨和油性油墨中，为市场提供了一种长耐候油墨产品，有效提升了光致变色油墨产品的竞争力，具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是实例1中所用长耐候光致变色颜料的电镜图。
图2是传统微胶囊型光致变色颜料(参照组)和长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料样品(实验组)的老化实验对比图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，以下所述的具体实施方式，是为了对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，并不是用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例1
(1)长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料乳液的制备
水相的制备：称取90g水，10g苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物于500ml反应釜中，加热搅拌至完全溶解成均匀透明的水相混合物。
油相的制备：将60g有机溶剂、30g高耐候溶剂、3g光致变色染料、3g紫外吸收剂UUV-9和3g抗氧剂MB置于容器中，加热搅拌至完全溶解，形成均匀的油相混合物。
乳液的制备：将油相缓慢倒入水相中，剪切乳化成稳定的O/W乳液，显微镜下观察到大小5μm的均匀油滴。
长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料乳液的制备：将上述O/W乳液转移到反应釜中，机械搅拌，在15min内将17g聚氨酯壁材滴加到反应体系中，加热反应得到长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料乳液。
(2)长耐候光致变色水性油墨的制备
所述长耐候光致变色水性油墨由步骤1得到的长耐候光致变色颜料乳液制备，各组分按照质量份计，比例如下所示：
上述原料混合搅拌，形成均匀乳液，过滤掉乳液中的杂质和粗粒，得到长耐候光致变色水性油墨成品。
实施例2
(1)长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料乳液的制备
水相的制备：称取85g水，15g十二烷基苯磺酸钠于500ml反应釜中，加热搅拌至完全溶解成均匀透明的水相混合物。
油相的制备：将50g有机溶剂、40g高耐候溶剂、3g光致变色染料、3g紫外吸收剂UV-531和3g抗氧剂TNP置于容器中，加热搅拌至完全溶解，形成均匀的油相混合物。
乳液的制备：乳化条件下将油相缓慢倒入水相中，剪切乳化成稳定的O/W乳液，显微镜下观察到20μm大小均匀的油滴。
长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料乳液的制备：将上述O/W乳液转移到反应釜中，机械搅拌，在15min内将30g脲醛壁材滴加到反应体系中，加热反应得到长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料乳液。
(2)长耐候光致变色水性油墨的制备
所述长耐候光致变色水性油墨由步骤1得到的长耐候光致变色颜料乳液制备，各组分按照质量份计，比例如下所示
上述原料混合搅拌，形成均匀乳液，过滤掉乳液中的杂质和粗粒，得到长耐候光致变色水性油墨成品。
实施例3
(1)长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料的制备
水相的制备：称取95g水，5g十二烷基硫酸钠于500ml反应釜中，加热搅拌至完全溶解成均匀透明的水相混合物。
油相的制备：将60g有机溶剂、30g高耐候溶剂、3g光致变色染料、5g光稳定剂622、6g抗氧剂DNP置于容器中，加热搅拌至完全溶解，形成均匀的油相混合物。
乳液的制备：乳化条件下将油相缓慢倒入水相中，剪切乳化成稳定的O/W乳液，显微镜下观察到50μm大小均匀的油滴。
长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料的制备：将上述O/W乳液转移到反应釜中，机械搅拌，15min内将50g聚脲壁材滴加到反应体系中，加热反应后得到长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料的乳液，分离、清洗、烘干后，得到长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料。
(2)长耐候光致变色油性油墨的制备
所述长耐候光致变色水性油墨由步骤1得到的长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料制备，各组分按照质量份计，比例如下所示
上述原料混合搅拌，形成均匀乳液，过滤掉乳液中的杂质和粗粒，得到长耐候光致变色油性油墨成品。
实施例4
(1)长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料的制备
水相的制备：称取90g水，10g十二烷基磺酸钠于500ml反应釜中，加热搅拌至完全溶解成均匀透明的水相混合物。
油相的制备：将75g有机溶剂、15g高耐候溶剂、3g光致变色染料、4g紫外吸收剂UVP-327和6g抗氧剂TPP置于容器中，加热搅拌至完全溶解，形成均匀的油相混合物。
乳液的制备：乳化条件下将油相缓慢倒入水相中，剪切乳化形成稳定的O/W乳液，显微镜下观察到20μm大小均匀的油滴。
长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料的制备：将O/W乳液转移到反应釜中，机械搅拌，15min内将10g密胺壁材滴加到反应体系中，加热反应后得到长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料的乳液，分离、清洗、烘干后，得到长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料。
(2)长耐候光致变色油性油墨的制备
所述长耐候光致变色油性油墨由步骤1得到的长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料制备，各组分按照质量份计，比例如下所示
上述原料混合搅拌，形成均匀乳液，过滤掉乳液中的杂质和粗粒，得到长耐候光致变色油性油墨成品。
耐候性测试
使用实施例3中的制备的油性油墨制作成样品卡作为实验组，以未添加高耐候溶剂的微胶囊型光致变色颜料制备的油性油墨制作成样品卡作为参照组，参考GB/T 8431-1998《纺织品色牢度试验光致变色的检验和评定》对样品卡进行测试，对比两者耐候性。测试条件如下：
(1)光源为色温在5500～6500K之间的氙气灯，辐照量为42W/m2(波长为300～400nm)；
(2)滤光片：在测试样品与光源之间放置一个滤光片，所用滤光片透光率在365～750nm至少为90％；
(3)箱体空气温度40℃，黑板温度65℃，空气湿度50％；
(4)每两个小时为一个循环，即光照测试1小时，在黑色样品室静置1小时；
(5)记录测试样品变色度为20％时，所用累计光照时间；
注：变色度为测试样品与标准样品在同等光照条件下，测试样品剩余颜色的量。
参照组和实验组的测试结果如下表所示
注：测试结果是五个工作人员在同等光照条件下分别观察评定后，得出的平均结果。
通过对比实验结果能够看出，本发明制备的样品耐候性有明显提升。
Claims (10)
1.一种长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料，其特征在于包括芯材和包覆所述芯材的壁材；
所述芯材包括有机溶剂、高耐候溶剂、光致变色染料、抗氧剂和紫外吸收剂；
所述壁材为密胺预聚体、脲醛树脂、聚氨酯、聚脲中的至少一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料，其特征在于所述芯材各组分按照质量份计比例如下：
3.根据权利要求1所述长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料，其特征在于所述有机溶剂为中、高沸点芳香烃溶剂油，芳烃含量≥95％，如120#溶剂油、150#溶剂油、200#溶剂油、300#溶剂油中的至少一种；
所述的有机溶剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、环己烷、环己酮、甲苯、二甲苯中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料，其特征在于所述高耐候溶剂主体为含有卤素的芳烃类化合物与含有不饱和双键的丙烯酸酯类化合物的混合物，如3,5-二氯-4-(1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基)苯胺和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料，其特征在于所述光致变色染料为噁嗪类、吡喃类、二氢芘类、苯氧基蒽醌类、二芳基乙烯类化合物中的至少一类；
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂CA、抗氧剂164、抗氧剂DNP、抗氧剂DLTP、抗氧剂TNP、抗氧剂TPP、抗氧剂MB、抗氧剂264中的至少一种；
所述紫外吸收剂为邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯、紫外线吸收剂UV-P、紫外线吸收剂UV-9、紫外线吸收剂UV-531、紫外线吸收剂UVP-327、紫外线吸收剂RMB、光稳定剂AM-101、光稳定剂744、光稳定剂HPT、光稳定剂LA52、光稳定剂LA82、光稳定剂770、光稳定剂622中的至少一种。
6.一种长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料油墨的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)水相的制备
将乳化剂均匀分散在水中作为水相，水相中乳化剂固含量为0.1～15％；
(2)油相的制备
将有机溶剂、高耐候溶剂、光致变染料、抗氧剂和紫外吸收剂按权利要求2所述的比例混合置于容器中，加热搅拌至完全融化，混合均匀，作为油相；
(3)乳液制备
将步骤2制备的油相，倒入步骤1的水相中，使用机械乳化机进行剪切乳化，形成均匀的O/W乳液，油滴粒径为0.01～100μm之间；
(4)长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料乳液的制备
将步骤3中得到的乳液缓慢倒入反应釜中，加热反应，即可得到长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料乳液，可直接用于水性油墨的配置；
(5)长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料的制备
将步骤4中得到的乳液分离、清洗、烘干后，得到长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料。
7.根据权利要求6所述长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料的制备方法，其特征在于步骤1中所述乳化剂为苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物钠盐、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求6所述长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料的制备方法，其特征在于步骤4中长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料乳液的固含量为1～70％。
9.一种长耐候微胶囊型光致变色水性油墨，其特征在于添加有权利要求1所述的长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料的乳液，油墨各组分按照质量份计，比例如下：
10.一种长耐候微胶囊型光致变色油性油墨，其特征在于添加有权利要求1所述的长耐候微胶囊型光致变色颜料，油墨分组分按照质量份计，比例如下：
所述溶剂为酮类、酯类和苯类溶剂中的至少一种。
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