CN114369014B - 一种芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法 - Google Patents
一种芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114369014B CN114369014B CN202111536673.5A CN202111536673A CN114369014B CN 114369014 B CN114369014 B CN 114369014B CN 202111536673 A CN202111536673 A CN 202111536673A CN 114369014 B CN114369014 B CN 114369014B
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- -1 indenone compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical class CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- SNWQUNCRDLUDEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N inden-1-one Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=CC2=C1 SNWQUNCRDLUDEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005915 ammonolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 19
- 229940045803 cuprous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- UQPSGBZICXWIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromide;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.Br[Ni]Br UQPSGBZICXWIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021585 Nickel(II) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- IPLJNQFXJUCRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromide Chemical compound [Ni+2].[Br-].[Br-] IPLJNQFXJUCRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PQLVXDKIJBQVDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC(O)=O PQLVXDKIJBQVDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 15
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- DQNFPCOVVBRXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O DQNFPCOVVBRXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
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- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 9
- MABTVNZOLFBPFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoinden-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(N)=CC2=C1 MABTVNZOLFBPFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- BTTRMCQEPDPCPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chlorophthalic anhydride Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 BTTRMCQEPDPCPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- RMWLGYZHFKIXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloroinden-1-one Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C2C(=O)C=CC2=C1 RMWLGYZHFKIXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005863 Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003547 Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- ODYQVLAPGKKVFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroinden-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(Cl)=CC2=C1 ODYQVLAPGKKVFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRKJKLCCCGDNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxy-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O KRKJKLCCCGDNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWWAWPHAOPTQEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O TWWAWPHAOPTQEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MEDSHTHCZIOVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-2,3-dihydroinden-1-one Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C2C(=O)CCC2=C1 MEDSHTHCZIOVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PQNFLJBBNBOBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzocyclopentane Natural products C1=CC=C2CCCC2=C1 PQNFLJBBNBOBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VXZBYIWNGKSFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[5-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrazin-2-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC=1N=CC(=NC=1)C=1C=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 VXZBYIWNGKSFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODWXQOZLRCMSMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyinden-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC2=C1 ODWXQOZLRCMSMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYVIDQDORQTCBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylinden-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C)=CC2=C1 QYVIDQDORQTCBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOXQZSMVNRGYQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxyinden-1-one Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CC2=O DOXQZSMVNRGYQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKSOGLSBSMOAMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylinden-1-one Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CC2=O JKSOGLSBSMOAMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[3-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)C(CCC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)=O DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000000621 Bidens tripartita Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004082 Bidens tripartita Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001793 charged compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000006637 fused teeth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
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- C07C45/455—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by condensation with carboxylic acids or their derivatives
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- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
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- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2409—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom
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- C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
- C07D209/44—Iso-indoles; Hydrogenated iso-indoles
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- B01J2231/60—Reduction reactions, e.g. hydrogenation
- B01J2231/64—Reductions in general of organic substrates, e.g. hydride reductions or hydrogenations
- B01J2231/641—Hydrogenation of organic substrates, i.e. H2 or H-transfer hydrogenations, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch processes
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Abstract
本发明涉及化学合成领域,具体提供了一种芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法。首先取代邻苯二甲酸酐在有机溶剂中通甲胺气体发生氨解反应,在甲基迁移催化剂存在下通入氢气,发生甲基迁移和还原反应得到芳香取代茚酮类化合物。该合成方法具有反应条件温和、普适度高、原料易得、反应选择性高的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化学合成领域,具体提供了一种芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法。
背景技术
茚酮类化合物用作医药、农药中间体,现有技术中,芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法多以芳香取代茚满类化合物的选择性氧化、芳香取代卤代酮类化合物的傅克烷基化及芳香取代酰氯类化合物的傅克酰基化反应为主。
其中芳香取代茚满类化合物在氧化的过程中对氧化剂的区域选择性要求甚高,且不能用于具有还原性取代基取代的芳香茚酮类化合物的合成,芳香取代卤代酮类化合物的傅克烷基化和芳香取代酰氯类化合物的傅克酰基化反应需要三氯化铝等路易斯酸、较高的反应温度,且严格控制体系含水,工艺危险系数高、条件苛刻,反应后续处理产生大量含金属的酸性废水,安全性、环保效益差。
发明内容
基于上述问题,本发明提供一种芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法,首先取代邻苯二甲酸酐在有机溶剂中通甲胺气体发生氨解反应,在甲基迁移催化剂存在下通入氢气,发生甲基迁移和还原反应得到芳香取代茚酮类化合物。该合成方法具有反应条件温和、普适度高、原料易得、反应选择性高的优点。
本发明的一个方面
一种芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法,将取代邻苯二甲酸酐在有机溶剂中通甲胺气体发生氨解反应,在催化剂存在下通入氢气,发生甲基迁移和还原反应得到芳香取代茚酮类化合物;
所述的取代邻苯二甲酸酐具体结构式为:
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4分别可以为H、烷基、烷氧基、胺基、卤素、羟基、酰基、巯基;
本发明的反应路线如下所示:
催化剂为钯(Ⅱ)和膦配体以及溴化镍和/或氯化亚铜负载于二氧化硅上的复合催化剂。
按照质量百分比计,该催化剂含有钯(Ⅱ)3%-10%,溴化镍0-5%,氯化亚铜0-5%,膦配体0.5-1.0%,余量为二氧化硅。
作为优选方案,所述的催化剂,按照质量百分比计,钯(Ⅱ)3%-10%,溴化镍1-5%,氯化亚铜1-5%,膦配体0.5-1.0%,余量为二氧化硅。
作为一种实施方式,所述的钯(Ⅱ)优选醋酸钯。
进一步优选的,所述催化剂用量为反应底物质量的0.02-0.1倍。
作为优选方案,所述的有机溶剂选自甲苯、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷中至少一种。
作为一种具体的实施方式,所述的芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法,具体步骤包括:
(1)将取代邻苯二甲酸酐与有机溶剂在反应瓶中溶解,将反应瓶置于低温槽中,降温至-5-0℃,保持0±2℃缓慢通甲胺气体,通气速度0.05-0.1L/min;取样检测取代邻苯二甲酸酐残留至0.5%以下停止通甲胺气体;反应瓶尾气连接甲胺气体吸收装置;
(2)反应结束后加入催化剂,升温至30-50℃,通氢气,氢气流速0.05-0.1L/min,体系颜色逐渐加深至亮黄色后取样检测至中间体残留0.5%以下后停止通氢;
(3)过滤回收催化剂,滤液加入活性炭脱色,热过滤后降温结晶得到芳香取代茚酮类化合物。
作为优选方案,还包括步骤:(4)催化剂使用醋酸水溶液水洗后套用至下一批实验。
上述催化剂中,按照质量百分比计,钯(Ⅱ)3%-10%,溴化镍1-5%,氯化亚铜1-5%,膦配体0.5-1.0%,余量为二氧化硅,其制备方法为按比例加入上述原料于适量的甲醇溶剂中,30℃左右搅拌48h,缓慢升温将溶剂甲醇蒸干得到固体催化剂。
本发明的另一方面:
一种催化剂,该催化剂用于催化所述的甲基迁移和还原反应;按照质量百分比计,该催化剂含有钯(Ⅱ)3%-10%,溴化镍0-5%,氯化亚铜0-5%,膦配体0.5-1.0%,余量为二氧化硅。
作为一种实施方式,所述的膦配体为单齿膦或双齿螯合膦配体。
进一步的,所述的膦配体为三苯基膦或1,2-双二苯基膦乙烷。
作为一种实施方式,所述的催化剂,其制备方法为按比例加入原料于甲醇溶剂中,30℃左右搅拌30-60h,缓慢升温将溶剂甲醇蒸干得到固体催化剂。
本发明的有益效果为:
(1)因复合催化剂的特殊性能,可有效改善还原反应的选择性,催化剂中的醋酸钯可有效吸附氢,提升还原效率,单齿膦或双齿膦配体减缓醋酸钯中毒,延长催化剂使用寿命,溴化镍和氯化亚铜针对芳香环给电子或拉电子取代基有较好的定位效应,可控制同分异构体的分配比例,同时过渡金属的空轨道可接受孤电子对的配位,促进氨气的离去,即实现甲基转移,因此得到高纯度及产率的目标产品;
(2)该工艺催化剂可反复套用10次以上而活性没有明显降低;
(3)该工艺替代目前工业化路易斯酸催化的傅克烷基化或傅克酰基化工艺,大大提升反应的安全性和环保效益;
(4)反应条件温和,适合工业化生产。
附图说明
图1为实施例1所得5-氯-1-茚酮液质检测定性分析图。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容做进一步的详细说明,但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围,除特殊说明外,下述实施例中均采用常规现有技术完成。
实施例1 5-氯-1-茚酮的合成
醋酸钯3%、溴化镍1%、氯化亚铜5%、三苯基膦0.5%,余量为二氧化硅粉末,按配方比例加入上述原料于适量甲醇溶剂中,30℃左右搅拌48h,缓慢升温将溶剂甲醇蒸干得到固体催化剂;
称量纯度95%的4-氯邻苯二甲酸酐96.1g(0.5mol)、甲苯480g于反应瓶中,置于低温槽中搅拌降温,当反应瓶内温度降至-5-0℃,开始缓慢通甲胺气体,通气速度设置0.05L/min,保持0±2℃通甲胺反应,通气反应0.5h后取样至跟踪4-氯邻苯二甲酸酐残留<0.5%,停止通入甲胺气体,体系加入9.6g催化剂升温至40℃通氢气,氢气流速为0.05L/min,体系料液颜色逐渐加深,1h后呈现亮黄色,开始取样检测至中间体残留<0.5%,停止通氢气,降温至30℃过滤催化剂,加入0.96g活性炭,50℃左右脱色0.5h,过滤后滤液经浓缩降温结晶得到5-氯-1-茚酮,纯度98.5%,收率97.2%。
图1为本实施例制备的5-氯-1-茚酮的液质检测图谱,图1中的分子离子峰与5-氯-1-茚酮的分子量相对应。图1所示结果见下表。
Peak List
m/z | z | Abund | Formula | Ion |
144.0186 | 74879.59 | |||
167.0272 | 1 | 1544102.88 | C9 H8 Cl O | (M+H)+ |
168.0313 | 1 | 151844.61 | C9 H8 Cl O | (M+H)+ |
169.0259 | 1 | 500201.34 | C9 H8 Cl O | (M+H)+ |
170.0286 | 1 | 54721.17 | C9 H8 Cl O | (M+H)+ |
206.5155 | 53220.75 | |||
270.01 | 42322.09 | |||
352.0202 | 2 | 87901.05 | ||
353.02 | 2 | 116738.3 | ||
354.0188 | 2 | 65574.58 |
实施例2 5-氯-1-茚酮的合成
醋酸钯5%、溴化镍1%、氯化亚铜5%、三苯基膦1%,余量为二氧化硅粉末,按配方比例加入上述原料于适量甲醇溶剂中,30℃左右搅拌48h,缓慢升温将溶剂甲醇蒸干得到固体催化剂;
称量纯度95%的4-氯邻苯二甲酸酐96.1g(0.5mol)、甲苯480g于反应瓶中,置于低温槽中搅拌降温,当反应瓶内温度降至-5-0℃,开始缓慢通甲胺气体,通气速度设置0.05L/min,保持0±2℃通甲胺反应,通气反应0.5h后取样至跟踪4-氯邻苯二甲酸酐残留<0.5%,停止通入甲胺气体,体系加入5.8g催化剂升温至40℃通氢气,氢气流速为0.05L/min,体系料液颜色逐渐加深,40min后呈现亮黄色,开始取样检测至中间体残留<0.5%,停止通氢气,降温至30℃过滤催化剂,加入0.96g活性炭,50℃左右脱色0.5h,过滤后滤液经浓缩降温结晶得到5-氯-1-茚酮,纯度98.4%,收率97.0%。
实施例3 4-甲基-1-茚酮的合成
醋酸钯10%、溴化镍2%、氯化亚铜4%、三苯基膦0.5%,余量为二氧化硅粉末,按配方比例加入上述原料于适量甲醇溶剂中,30℃左右搅拌48h,缓慢升温将溶剂甲醇蒸干得到固体催化剂;
称量纯度95%的3-甲基邻苯二甲酸酐85.3g(0.5mol)、二氯乙烷426g于反应瓶中,置于低温槽中搅拌降温,当反应瓶内温度降至-5-0℃,开始缓慢通甲胺气体,通气速度设置0.06L/min,保持0±2℃通甲胺反应,通气反应0.5h后取样至跟踪3-甲基邻苯二甲酸酐残留<0.5%,停止通入甲胺气体,体系加入1.7g催化剂升温至45℃通氢气,氢气流速为0.06L/min,体系料液颜色逐渐加深,1.5h后呈现亮黄色,开始取样检测至中间体残留<0.5%,停止通氢气,降温至30℃过滤催化剂,加入0.85g活性炭,50℃左右脱色0.5h,过滤后滤液经浓缩降温结晶得到4-甲基-1-茚酮,纯度98.1%,收率96.9%。
实施例4 4-甲氧基-1-茚酮的合成
醋酸钯5%、溴化镍3%、氯化亚铜2%、三苯基膦0.5%,余量为二氧化硅粉末,按配方比例加入上述原料于适量甲醇溶剂中,30℃左右搅拌48h,缓慢升温将溶剂甲醇蒸干得到固体催化剂;
称量纯度95%的3-甲氧基邻苯二甲酸酐93.7g(0.5mol)、甲苯468g于反应瓶中,置于低温槽中搅拌降温,当反应瓶内温度降至-5-0℃,开始缓慢通甲胺气体,通气速度设置0.08L/min,保持0±2℃通甲胺反应,通气反应0.5h后取样至跟踪3-甲氧基邻苯二甲酸酐残留<0.5%,停止通入甲胺气体,体系加入3.7g催化剂升温至50℃通氢气,氢气流速为0.08L/min,体系料液颜色逐渐加深,3h后呈现亮黄色,开始取样检测至中间体残留<0.5%,停止通氢气,降温至30℃过滤催化剂,加入0.94g活性炭,50℃左右脱色0.5h,过滤后滤液经浓缩降温结晶得到4-甲氧基-1-茚酮,纯度97.8%,收率96.8%。
实施例5 4-胺基-1-茚酮的合成
醋酸钯5%、溴化镍5%、氯化亚铜1%、1,2-双二苯基膦乙烷0.5%,余量为二氧化硅粉末;按配方比例加入上述原料于适量甲醇溶剂中,30℃左右搅拌48h,缓慢升温将溶剂甲醇蒸干得到固体催化剂;
称量纯度95%的3-胺基邻苯二甲酸酐85.8g(0.5mol)、二氯甲烷429g于反应瓶中,置于低温槽中搅拌降温,当反应瓶内温度降至-5-0℃,开始缓慢通甲胺气体,通气速度设置0.06L/min,保持0±2℃通甲胺反应,通气反应0.5h后取样至跟踪3-胺基邻苯二甲酸酐0.5%,停止通入甲胺气体,体系加入8.6g催化剂升温至30℃通氢气,氢气流速为0.06L/min,体系料液颜色逐渐加深,3h后呈现亮黄色,开始取样检测至中间体残留0.5%,停止通氢气,降温至30℃过滤催化剂,加入0.86g活性炭,50℃左右脱色0.5h,过滤后滤液经浓缩降温结晶得到4-胺基-1-茚酮,纯度98.6%,收率97.5%。催化剂使用醋酸水溶液水洗后套用于实施例6。
实施例6 4-胺基-1-茚酮的合成
称量纯度95%的3-胺基邻苯二甲酸酐85.8g(0.5mol)、二氯甲烷429g于反应瓶中,置于低温槽中搅拌降温,当反应瓶内温度降至-5-0℃,开始缓慢通甲胺气体,通气速度设置0.06L/min,保持0±2℃通甲胺反应,通气反应0.5h后取样至跟踪3-胺基邻苯二甲酸酐0.5%,停止通入甲胺气体,体系加入实施例5回收的催化剂升温至30℃通氢气,氢气流速为0.06L/min,体系料液颜色逐渐加深,3h后呈现亮黄色,开始取样检测至中间体残留0.5%,停止通氢气,降温至30℃过滤催化剂,加入0.86g活性炭,50℃左右脱色0.5h,过滤后滤液经浓缩降温结晶得到4-胺基-1-茚酮,纯度98.5%,收率97.3%。催化剂使用醋酸水溶液水洗后套用于实施例7。
实施例7 4-胺基-1-茚酮的合成
称量纯度95%的3-胺基邻苯二甲酸酐85.8g(0.5mol)、二氯甲烷429g于反应瓶中,置于低温槽中搅拌降温,当反应瓶内温度降至-5-0℃,开始缓慢通甲胺气体,通气速度设置0.06L/min,保持0±2℃通甲胺反应,通气反应0.5h后取样至跟踪3-胺基邻苯二甲酸酐0.5%,停止通入甲胺气体,体系加入实施例6回收的催化剂升温至30℃通氢气,氢气流速为0.06L/min,体系料液颜色逐渐加深,3h后呈现亮黄色,开始取样检测至中间体残留0.5%,停止通氢气,降温至30℃过滤催化剂,加入0.86g活性炭,50℃左右脱色0.5h,过滤后滤液经浓缩降温结晶得到4-胺基-1-茚酮,纯度98.6%,收率97.8%。
实施例8 4-胺基-1-茚酮的合成
催化剂负载醋酸钯5%、溴化镍5%、1,2-双二苯基膦乙烷0.5%,余量为二氧化硅粉末;按配方比例加入上述原料于适量甲醇溶剂中,30℃左右搅拌48h,缓慢升温将溶剂甲醇蒸干得到固体催化剂;
称量纯度95%的3-胺基邻苯二甲酸酐85.8g(0.5mol)、二氯甲烷429g于反应瓶中,置于低温槽中搅拌降温,当反应瓶内温度降至-5-0℃,开始缓慢通甲胺气体,通气速度设置0.06L/min,保持0±2℃通甲胺反应,通气反应0.5h后取样至跟踪3-胺基邻苯二甲酸酐0.5%,停止通入甲胺气体,体系加入8.6g催化剂升温至30℃通氢气,氢气流速为0.06L/min,体系料液颜色逐渐加深,12h后呈现黄色,开始取样检测至中间体残留0.5%,停止通氢气,降温至30℃过滤催化剂,加入0.86g活性炭,50℃左右脱色0.5h,过滤后滤液经浓缩降温结晶得到4-胺基-1-茚酮,纯度93.4%,收率89.5%。
实施例9 4-胺基-1-茚酮的合成
催化剂负载醋酸钯5%、氯化亚铜1%、1,2-双二苯基膦乙烷0.5%,余量为二氧化硅粉末;按配方比例加入上述原料于适量甲醇溶剂中,30℃左右搅拌48h,缓慢升温将溶剂甲醇蒸干得到固体催化剂;
称量纯度95%的3-胺基邻苯二甲酸酐85.8g(0.5mol)、二氯甲烷429g于反应瓶中,置于低温槽中搅拌降温,当反应瓶内温度降至-5-0℃,开始缓慢通甲胺气体,通气速度设置0.06L/min,保持0±2℃通甲胺反应,通气反应0.5h后取样至跟踪3-胺基邻苯二甲酸酐0.5%,停止通入甲胺气体,体系加入8.6g催化剂升温至30℃通氢气,氢气流速为0.06L/min,体系料液颜色逐渐加深,4h后呈现黄色,开始取样检测至中间体残留0.5%,停止通氢气,降温至30℃过滤催化剂,加入0.86g活性炭,50℃左右脱色0.5h,过滤后滤液经浓缩降温结晶得到4-胺基-1-茚酮,纯度79.4%,收率54.5%。
综上实施例可知,本发明由取代邻苯二甲酸酐合成芳香取代茚酮类化合物的方法反应条件温和、普适度高、原料易得、反应选择性高。另外,本发明的复合催化剂效果显著,尤其是钯(Ⅱ)、膦配体、溴化镍、氯化亚铜同时负载于二氧化硅后效果更佳突出,由实施例8和9可以看出,复合催化剂中溴化镍和氯化亚铜中仅一种存在时,虽然产品收率和纯度有所降低,但依然可以保证相当水平,具有可应用性。
尽管通过优选实施例的方式对本发明进行了详细描述,但本发明并不限于此。在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的前提下,本领域普通技术人员可以对本发明的实施例进行各种等效的修改或替换,而这些修改或替换都应在本发明的涵盖范围内/任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以权利要求所述的保护范围为准。
Claims (8)
1.一种芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,将取代邻苯二甲酸酐在有机溶剂中通甲胺气体发生氨解反应,在催化剂存在下通入氢气,发生甲基迁移和还原反应得到芳香取代茚酮类化合物;所述的取代邻苯二甲酸酐具体结构式为:
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4分别可以为H、烷基、烷氧基、胺基、卤素、羟基、酰基、巯基;
本发明的反应路线如下所示:
催化剂为钯(Ⅱ)和膦配体以及溴化镍和/或氯化亚铜负载于二氧化硅上的复合催化剂;
所述的膦配体为三苯基膦或1,2-双二苯基膦乙烷;所述的钯(Ⅱ)为醋酸钯;
按照质量百分比计,该催化剂含有钯(Ⅱ)3%-10%,溴化镍0-5%,氯化亚铜0-5%,膦配体0.5-1.0%,余量为二氧化硅。
2.根据权利要求1所述的芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述的催化剂,按照质量百分比计,钯(Ⅱ)3%-10%,溴化镍1-5%,氯化亚铜1-5%,膦配体0.5-1.0%,余量为二氧化硅。
3.根据权利要求1所述的芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂用量为反应底物质量的0.02-0.1倍。
4.根据权利要求1所述的芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述的有机溶剂选自甲苯、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷中至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,具体步骤包括:
(1)将取代邻苯二甲酸酐与有机溶剂在反应瓶中溶解,将反应瓶置于低温槽中,降温至-5-0℃,保持0±2℃缓慢通甲胺气体,通气速度0.05-0.1L/min;取样检测取代邻苯二甲酸酐残留至0.5%以下停止通甲胺气体;反应瓶尾气连接甲胺气体吸收装置;
(2)反应结束后加入催化剂,升温至30-50℃,通氢气,氢气流速0.05-0.1L/min,体系颜色逐渐加深至亮黄色后取样检测至中间体残留0.5%以下后停止通氢;
(3)过滤回收催化剂,滤液加入活性炭脱色,热过滤后降温结晶得到芳香取代茚酮类化合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的芳香取代茚酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,还包括步骤:(4)催化剂使用醋酸水溶液水洗后套用至下一批。
7.一种催化剂,其特征在于,该催化剂用于催化如权利要求1所述的甲基迁移和还原反应;催化剂为钯(Ⅱ)和膦配体以及溴化镍和/或氯化亚铜负载于二氧化硅上的复合催化剂;所述的膦配体为三苯基膦或1,2-双二苯基膦乙烷;所述的钯(Ⅱ)为醋酸钯;按照质量百分比计,该催化剂含有钯(Ⅱ)3%-10%,溴化镍0-5%,氯化亚铜0-5%,膦配体0.5-1.0%,余量为二氧化硅。
8.根据权利要求7所述的催化剂,其特征在于,其制备方法为按比例加入原料于甲醇溶剂中,30℃搅拌30-60h,缓慢升温将溶剂甲醇蒸干得到固体催化剂。
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