CN114214775B - 一种多功能牛仔面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多功能牛仔面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114214775B
CN114214775B CN202111610048.0A CN202111610048A CN114214775B CN 114214775 B CN114214775 B CN 114214775B CN 202111610048 A CN202111610048 A CN 202111610048A CN 114214775 B CN114214775 B CN 114214775B
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李文华
沙淘
袁慧
陈明
刘霞
葛丽涛
贾科
王伟
杨书华
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Shandong Lanyan Textile Garment Co ltd
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Abstract

一种多功能牛仔面料及其制备方法,属于功能性牛仔面料技术领域。目前常规的多功能牛仔面料中,普遍存在的问题是难以同时具备柔软、高弹性、除味抗菌三种功能,本发明经纱采用纯棉环锭纱,纬纱采用65~75重量份气凝胶纤维与25~35重量份粘胶纤维混纺双芯丝;并且经纱号数采用72.8~83.3tex,经向密度280~300根/10厘米;纬纱号数采用36.8~42.1tex,纬向密度200~220根/10厘米。使最终的牛仔面料在具备抗菌除臭的功能基础上具备高的柔软度,同时获得质轻保暖,防静电的技术效果,并且配合优选工艺能够实现高弹不卷边的效果,生产效率高,布面质量稳定。

Description

一种多功能牛仔面料及其制备方法
技术领域
一种多功能牛仔面料及其制备方法,属于功能性牛仔面料技术领域。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的不断提高,普通牛仔面料已不能满足市场的需求,柔软舒适、抗菌防臭、吸湿排汗等功能性面料受到顾客的喜欢。
目前常规的多功能牛仔面料中,普遍存在的问题是难以同时具备柔软、高弹性、除味抗菌三种功能,并且尤其在获得了较高的弹性、柔软度的情况下,面料可能产生较为严重的缩水弊病。
一般为获得一定的除味抗菌功能,现有技术中会在面料中添加一定的气凝胶纤维,但是气凝胶纤维弹性差,摩擦力高,即最终面料容易失弹或硬挺,手感与穿着感差。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:克服现有技术的不足,提供一种同时具备柔软舒适、抗菌防臭的牛仔面料及其制备方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种多功能牛仔面料,其特征在于:经纱采用纯棉环锭纱,纬纱为三层结构的双芯一体丝,由外层至内层依次为:纤维混纺层、涤纶长丝、莱卡氨纶丝;其中,纤维混纺层由65~75重量份气凝胶纤维与25~35重量份粘胶混纺制成;并且经纱号数采用72.8~83.3tex,经向密度280~300根/10厘米;纬纱号数采用36.8~42.1tex,纬向密度200~220根/10厘米。
通过纬纱中采用特定组分含量的气凝胶纤维与粘胶纤维的双芯一体丝弹力纬纱,配合所述的经纬密与经纬纱号数,气凝胶纤维结构是蜂窝状,孔隙率达到95%,有较强的过滤及吸附异味的功能,而特定的粘胶含量与所述的经纬、经纬纱号数则能够提供面料优良的弹性,并且质轻、保暖;气凝胶纤维配合粘胶纤维,经纱采用纯棉环锭纱,降低了经纬纱之间的摩擦系数,避免面料硬挺、不柔软,解决了气凝胶纤维弹性、摩擦力方面的缺陷;同时导电性能较好,减少静电。
优选的,所述的纬纱氨纶丝为70D氨纶丝。
在纬纱中添加一定量的氨纶丝,配合气凝胶纤维与氨纶丝能够进一步提高纬向的布面弹性,提高柔软度。
优选的,所述的涤纶长丝采用75D涤纶长丝。
优选的,所述的涤纶长丝在双芯一体丝中重量占比18~23%。
优选的,所述的莱卡氨纶丝在双芯一体丝中重量占比5~9%。
一种以上所述的多功能牛仔面料的制备方法,其特征在于:依次包括纺纱、球经、染色、分经、浆纱、穿经、织造、后整理;其中穿经步骤边组织采用两上两下经重平,边纱线根数采用60根*2;布边穿法由地组织向外依次为从中间向两边分1212*4,3456,1212*4,3456,1212*5对称穿。
布边采用1212之间插入一组3456,并且加宽边纱根数,彻底解决了在提高了纬纱弹性并配合纯棉的基础上,面料容易卷边的问题,显著提高了产品质量和生产效率,并且保证了布面弹性。
优选的,所述的穿经步骤中,地组织采用三上一下右斜纹。
进一步优选的,所述的穿经步骤中,地经穿综顺序:3、4、5、6顺穿。
优选的穿经工艺比其他飞穿、反穿等更易于操作,提高穿经效率。
优选的,所述的织造步骤采用公制筘号:48~50号、筘幅:215~225厘米,上机纬密:162根/10厘米,后梁高度12mm。
织造采用小筘号、宽筘幅、小纬密上机工艺,更适合上述的经纬纱线,进一步保证质轻保暖 、手感柔软、高弹力、高恢复、低增长的效果。
后梁位置高低决定了经纱 上下层的张力差异,牛仔紧密难织,上下层经纱张力有差异时纬纱较易织入织口,但高度差异过大,上层过于松弛,容易梭口不清,产生跳花、跳纱等疵点,加大了经纱断头率,效率下降,为达到平整、紧密的布面效果,调整高度,这样既能保证织造的顺利进行,又能满足布面风格的要求。
优选的,所述的后整理步骤采用两道橡胶毯预缩和一道呢毯预缩,预缩车速40~50m/min;橡胶毯锡林蒸汽压力:0.3 MPa,呢毯锡林蒸汽压力:0.5 MPa。
采用双胶毯,单呢毯的预缩工艺,特别适用于上述的高弹性的经纬纱,能够充分预缩,避免面料缩水严重。
与现有技术相比,本发明所具有的有益效果是:采用气凝胶纤维配合粘胶纤维混纺的双芯一体丝,使纬纱具备较高的弹性,同时配合特定的经纬密与经纬号数,使最终的牛仔面料在具备抗菌除臭的功能基础上具备高的柔软度,同时获得质轻保暖,防静电的技术效果,并且配合优选工艺能够实现高弹不卷边的效果,生产效率高,布面质量稳定。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明,实施例1是本发明的最佳实施例。
实施例1
一种多功能牛仔面料,经纱采用纯棉环锭纱,纬纱采用70重量份气凝胶纤维与30重量份粘胶纤维混纺制成纤维混纺层,纤维混纺层包入75D/DTY涤纶长丝,涤纶长丝再包入70D莱卡氨纶丝纺制成双芯一体丝;最终双芯一体丝中按重量包括50%气凝胶,22%粘胶,21%DTY长丝,7%氨纶丝,并且经纱号数采用77.7tex,经向密度290根/10厘米;纬纱号数采用40tex,纬向密度210根/10厘米。
上述多功能牛仔面料的制备方法:
1、纺纱工序:将棉纤维依次通过清梳、并条、粗纱、细纱、络筒等工序;在细纱工序中,通过加捻的环锭工艺生产77.7tex竹节纱管纱,在络筒机上加工成一定重量的筒子做经纱;将具有质轻保暖及除臭消味于一体的气凝胶纤维、黏胶纤维按重量比例依次通过清梳、并条、粗纱等工序做成混纺粗纱管,在细纱工序向混纺粗纱管中包入75D/DTY系列(75D/DTY+70D)一体丝和莱卡氨纶,纺成弹力T气凝胶70/R30,16支[(75D/DTY)+70D]管纱,牵伸倍数2.9倍的弹力管纱,在络筒机上加工成筒纱做纬纱。
2、球经工序:一定重量的筒纱通过球经机将一定根数的经纱做成束纱,均匀卷绕在球轴上,工艺参数设计为:车速:260m/min,球经组织:358根/束×12轴,单纱张力:33cn/根。
3、染色工序:将球经轴采用绳状染色机染色,可以根据市场需求染成各种颜色。该面料工艺流程为:球经轴→煮炼槽→水洗槽→染槽→水洗槽→柔软剂槽。染色工艺:车速:20m/min,靛蓝粉含量:1.5g/L,靛蓝底液碱含量:3.8g/L,保险粉含量:1.3g/L,靛蓝粉上染率:7.6%,助剂含量:煮练碱4.5 g/L,柠檬酸7 g/L,酸洗槽渗透剂:5.3g/L,柔软剂50g/L,落桶纱回潮:7%。
4、分经工序:染色后的束状经纱通过分经机重新分成单根纱线,平行卷绕在分经轴上,工艺参数设计为:车速:175m/min,单纱张力:25cn/根。
5、浆纱工序:分经经轴通过浆纱机对染好的纱线进行上浆。做成织轴。为了更好的贴伏毛羽,提高耐磨性,采取双浆双压工艺配置,主要工艺参数为:车度:40m/min,上浆率9%,回潮率:10%,伸长率:0.8%,浆锅温度95℃,PH值7,烘筒温度130℃,合并烘筒温度121℃。
6、穿经工序:使用6页综框,停经片列数×片数:6×716,停经片穿法:1、2、3、4、5、6;地经每筘4入,边纱每筘4入;地组织采用:3上1下右斜纹,边组织采用:2/2经重平+3/1↗;地经穿综顺序:3、4、5、6顺穿,边纱线根数:60根×2,布边穿法:由地组织向外,依次为从中间向两边分1212*4、3456、1212*4、3456、1212*5对称穿。
7、织造工序:采用剑杆织机织造,重点解决纬缩、百脚等布面疵点。主要工艺参数为:布机速度 :550r/min,筘号:49号、筘幅:220厘米,上机纬密:162根/10厘米 ,后梁高度:12mm,开口时间:310度,上机张力:3600N,车间温度:30℃,相对湿度:73%。
6、后整理:采取烧毛-双胶、单毛预缩整理的后整理加工方式。 烧毛采用天然气体烧毛机,进布顺序:两正一反,三道火口,烧毛工艺参数如下:车速:80m/min,火焰温度:950~1050℃;防缩、预缩工艺:车速:45 m/min,采用两道橡胶毯预缩和一道呢毯预缩,橡胶毯锡林蒸汽压力:0.3 MPa,呢毯锡林蒸汽压力:0.5 MPa。
获得多功能牛仔面料。
实施例2
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,纬纱纤维混纺层采用65重量份气凝胶纤维与35重量份粘胶纤维混纺,其他条件与实施例1相同。
实施例3
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,纬纱纤维混纺层采用75重量份气凝胶纤维与25重量份粘胶纤维混纺,其他条件与实施例1相同。
实施例4
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,经向密度280根/10厘米,其他条件与实施例1相同。
实施例5
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,经向密度300根/10厘米,其他条件与实施例1相同。
实施例6
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,纬向密度220根/10厘米,其他条件与实施例1相同。
实施例7
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,纬向密度200根/10厘米,其他条件与实施例1相同。
实施例8
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,纬纱中不加入氨纶丝,气凝胶纤维与粘胶纤维包入涤纶长丝,按重量比54:23:23组成双芯一体丝,其他条件与实施例1相同。
实施例9
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,制备方法中边纱线采用50根×2,其他条件与实施例1相同。
实施例10
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,制备方法中后整理步骤采用单橡胶毯预缩,其他条件与实施例1相同。
对比例1
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,纬纱纤维混纺层采用60重量份气凝胶纤维与40重量份粘胶纤维混纺,其他条件与实施例1相同。
对比例2
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,经纱换成70棉纤维与30黏胶纤维(按重量比)混纺,其他条件与实施例1相同。
对比例3
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,纬纱纤维混纺层采用纯气凝胶纤维,其他条件与实施例1相同。
对比例4
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,经向密度采用250根/10厘米,纬向密度采用230根/10厘米,其他条件与实施例1相同。
对比例5
一种多功能牛仔面料,在实施例1的基础上,经向密度采用300根/10厘米,纬向密度采用190根/10厘米,其他条件与实施例1相同。
性能测试
对上述实施例1~10与对比例1~5所得的多功能牛仔面料进行性能测试。
其中,弹性伸长、弹性恢复、弹性增长采用检测标准ASTM D3107,断裂强力采用检测标准ASTM D5034,撕破强力采用检测标准ASTMD1424,接缝滑移采用检测标准ASTMD1683。
弹性伸长、弹性恢复、弹性增长、断裂强力、撕破强力、接缝滑移标准范围依次为≥55%;≥85%;≤8.0%;经向:573N纬向:353N;经向:37.9N纬向:29.1N。
测试结果见下表1。
表1 客观测试结果
实施例9与实施例10也达到了所需的布面效果,但在生产中偶尔会出现卷边现象,其中实施例10纬向缩水达到17~20%,偏大,裁剪造成困难。对比例4布面的竹节效果过于明显,观感低端、劣质,而对比例5布面竹节效果过于微弱,观感差。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种多功能牛仔面料,其特征在于:经纱采用纯棉环锭纱,纬纱为三层结构的双芯一体丝,由外层至内层依次为:纤维混纺层、涤纶长丝、莱卡氨纶丝;其中,纤维混纺层由65~75重量份气凝胶纤维与25~35重量份粘胶混纺制成;并且经纱号数采用72.8~83.3tex,经向密度280~300根/10厘米;纬纱号数采用36.8~42.1tex,纬向密度200~220根/10厘米;
所述的涤纶长丝在双芯一体丝中重量占比18~23%;
所述的莱卡氨纶丝在双芯一体丝中重量占比5~9%;
所述的多功能牛仔面料的制备方法包括纺纱、球经、染色、分经、浆纱、穿经、织造、后整理;其中穿经步骤边组织采用两上两下经重平,边纱线根数采用60根*2;布边穿法由地组织向外依次为从中间向两边分1212*4,3456,1212*4,3456,1212*5对称穿。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多功能牛仔面料,其特征在于:所述的莱卡氨纶丝为70D氨纶丝。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多功能牛仔面料,其特征在于:所述的涤纶长丝采用75D涤纶长丝。
4.根据权利要求1所述的多功能牛仔面料,其特征在于:所述的穿经步骤中,地组织采用三上一下右斜纹。
5.根据权利要求1所述的多功能牛仔面料,其特征在于:所述的穿经步骤中,地经穿综顺序:3、4、5、6顺穿。
6.根据权利要求1所述的多功能牛仔面料,其特征在于:所述的织造步骤采用公制筘号:48~50号、筘幅:215~225厘米,上机纬密:162根/10厘米,后梁高度12mm。
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