CN114149315A - 一种催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺 - Google Patents
一种催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- OZXIZRZFGJZWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)benzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1OC1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C OZXIZRZFGJZWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
- C07C45/72—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
- C07C45/74—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups combined with dehydration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,丙酮在催化剂和吸水剂的存在下,自身发生羟醛缩合反应得到异丙叉丙酮。本发明利用催化剂和吸水剂来促进羟醛缩合反应,反应活性高,反应时间短,收率高,能够实现对异丙叉丙酮的快速生成,具有巨大的应用潜力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化工领域,具体涉及一种催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺。
背景技术
羟醛缩合反应是一个重要的有机化学反应,它在有机合成中有着广泛的应用。分子间的羟醛缩合经常被用来合成一些β-羟基化合物,如1,3-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇和新戊二醇等。其可作为进一步生产香料、药物等多聚物或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯等高聚物的单体;缩合脱水产物α,β-不饱和醛氧化得到相应的可广泛用作精细化工生产原料的羧酸,如2,2-二羟甲基丙酸可用作水性氨脂扩链剂以及制备聚酯、光敏树脂和液晶,2-甲基-2-戊烯酸是具有水果香味的食用香料,可广泛用于食品加工业和其它日化香精产业;异丙叉丙酮是一种中沸点强溶剂,主要用作硝酸纤维素和多种树脂,尤其是乙烯基树脂以及喷漆等的溶剂;它还是重要的有机合成中间体,主要用于药物、精细化学品及杀虫剂等,同时也是生产甲基异丁基(甲)酮和甲基异丁醇的原料。对于羟醛缩合反应所使用的催化剂,常用的酸性催化剂有(VO)2P207、铌酸和MFI沸石等。在酸性催化剂的阳离子活性中心(Brnsted中心或Lewis中心),醛羰基活化形成烯醇正碳离子从而发生缩合反应。羟醛缩合反应中经常采用的碱性催化剂,其包括碱性化合物(碱金属或碱土金属的氧化物、氢氧化物、碳酸氢盐、碳酸盐和羧酸盐)、有机胺类化合物以及阴离子交换树脂等。实际工业应用中,羟醛缩合反应所选用的碱性催化剂,可以是弱碱(如碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、醋酸钠),也可以是强碱(如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙、氢化钠、醇钠等)。前者一般用于活性较大的醛之间的缩合,产物多为β-羟基化合物;后者则用于活性较小、空间位阻大的醛或酮之间的缩合,且反应多在非质子极性溶剂中进行。
具有α-氢的酮在稀碱作用下,虽然也能起这类缩合反应,但由于电子效应、空间效应的影响,反应难以进行,如用普通方法操作,基本上得不到产物。一般需要在比较特殊的条件下进行反应。例如:丙酮在碱的存在下,可以先生成二丙酮醇,但在平衡体系中,产率很低。如果能使产物在生成后,立即脱离碱催化剂,也就是使产物脱离平衡体系,最后就可使更多的丙酮转化为二丙酮醇,产率可达70%~80%。二丙酮醇在碘的催化作用下,受热失水后可生成α,β-不饱和酮。
以往的催化剂要么价格较高;要么没法有效催化酮类底物一步得到不饱和酮,因此开发一种价格便宜,催化效果好的催化体系势在必行,本发明提高一种利用廉价金属盐作为催化剂,在吸水剂的存在催化丙酮下一步得到异丙叉丙酮的方法。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明提供了一种利用廉价金属盐和吸水剂共同作用催化丙酮发生羟醛缩合反应得到异丙叉丙酮的方法。
为了实现上述目的,本申请采取的具体技术方案如下:
一种催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,丙酮反应底物在催化剂和吸水剂的协同作用下进行羟醛缩合反应,得到异丙叉丙酮化合物。
所述的催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,具体步骤如下:
将丙酮、催化剂、吸水剂及溶剂混合后,加入到反应装置中,升温至60-130℃,保温反应3-8h,反应结束后过滤分离出固体,反应溶液加入水进行洗涤,经过洗涤的有机相进行减压蒸馏得到反应产物。
所述的催化剂为金属盐;
所述的催化剂选自Zn(OAC)2,ZnNO3,Zn2SO4,ZnCl2其中一种或者多种;
所述的吸水剂选自4A分子筛,无水硫酸镁,乙酸酐其中一种;
本发明以金属盐作为催化,价格低廉,便于工业放大。
所述的,丙酮反应底物与催化剂、吸水剂的摩尔比为1:0.5%-2%:1-3,优选为1:1%:2。
优选的,反应温度为110℃。
所述的反应溶剂为甲苯、四氢呋喃其中一种或者两种,溶剂的用量为丙酮反应底物质量的10倍。
进一步的,反应结束后过滤分离出固体,反应溶液加入水进行洗涤,水的用量与溶剂的用量相同,经过洗涤的有机相进行减压蒸馏得到反应产物。
本发明利用金属盐作为催化剂价格廉价,催化活性高,利用吸水剂促使反应正向进行提高反应收率,
具有巨大的应用潜力。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例进一步说明本发明,但本发明并不限于此,具体保护范围见权利要求。
实施例1
将5克丙酮,1%摩尔量催化剂,2倍摩尔量吸水剂,50克甲苯加入100mL反应釜中加热110℃反应8h,反应结束后过滤分离出固体,反应溶液加入水进行洗涤,经过洗涤的有机相进行减压蒸馏得到反应产物,计算实验收率。
表1不同条件下反应情况
实施例2
将5克丙酮,2%摩尔量Zn(OAC)2,2倍摩尔量乙酸酐,50克甲苯加入100mL反应釜中加热110℃反应8h,反应结束后过滤分离出固体,反应溶液加入水进行洗涤,经过洗涤的有机相进行减压蒸馏得到反应产物,收率为96%。
实施例3
将5克丙酮,0.5%摩尔量Zn(OAC)2,2倍摩尔量乙酸酐,50克甲苯加入100mL反应釜中加热110℃反应8h,反应结束后过滤分离出固体,反应溶液加入水进行洗涤,经过洗涤的有机相进行减压蒸馏得到反应产物,收率为89%。
实施例4
将5克丙酮,1%摩尔量Zn(OAC)2,3倍摩尔量乙酸酐,50克四氢呋喃加入100mL反应釜中加热110℃反应8h,反应结束后过滤分离出固体,反应溶液加入水进行洗涤,经过洗涤的有机相进行减压蒸馏得到反应产物,收率为95%。
实施例5
将5克丙酮,1%摩尔量Zn(OAC)2,2倍摩尔量乙酸酐,50克甲苯加入100mL反应釜中加热130℃反应8h,反应结束后过滤分离出固体,反应溶液加入水进行洗涤,经过洗涤的有机相进行减压蒸馏得到反应产物,收率为95%。
实施例6
将5克丙酮,2%摩尔量Zn(OAC)2,2倍摩尔量乙酸酐,50克甲苯加入100mL反应釜中加热60℃反应8h,反应结束后过滤分离出固体,反应溶液加入水进行洗涤,经过洗涤的有机相进行减压蒸馏得到反应产物,收率为65%。
实施例7
将5克丙酮,2%摩尔量Zn(OAC)2,2倍摩尔量乙酸酐,50克四氢呋喃加入100mL反应釜中加热110℃反应3h,反应结束后过滤分离出固体,反应溶液加入水进行洗涤,经过洗涤的有机相进行减压蒸馏得到反应产物,收率为83%。
Claims (9)
1.一种催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,其特征在于,丙酮反应底物在催化剂和吸水剂的协同作用下进行羟醛缩合反应,得到异丙叉丙酮化合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,其特征在于,所述的催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,具体步骤如下:
将丙酮、催化剂、吸水剂及溶剂混合后,加入到反应装置中,升温至60-130℃,保温反应3-8h,反应结束后过滤分离出固体,反应溶液加入水进行洗涤,经过洗涤的有机相进行减压蒸馏得到反应产物。
3.如权利要求2所述的催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,其特征在于,所述的催化剂为金属盐。
4.如权利要求1所述的催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,其特征在于,所述的催化剂选自Zn(OAC)2,ZnNO3,Zn2SO4,ZnCl2其中一种或者多种。
5.如权利要求1所述的催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,其特征在于,所述的吸水剂选自4A分子筛,无水硫酸镁,乙酸酐其中一种。
6.如权利要求1所述的催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,其特征在于,所述的丙酮反应底物与催化剂、吸水剂的摩尔比为1:0.5%-2%:1-3。
7.如权利要求2所述的催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,其特征在于,优选为1:1%:2。
8.如权利要求1所述的催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,其特征在于,反应温度为110℃。
9.如权利要求1所述的催化丙酮合成异丙叉丙酮的工艺,其特征在于,所述的反应溶剂为甲苯、四氢呋喃其中一种或者两种,溶剂的用量为丙酮反应底物质量的10倍。
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