CN114128884A - 一种3d打印山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种3d打印山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种3D打印山药淀粉负载叶类胡萝卜素释制剂及其制备方法，属于健康食品技术领域。本发明将山药淀粉与亲水胶体混合后热水糊化，添加类胡萝卜素，搅拌，静置冷却形成凝胶，通过3D打印制备山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂。以质量百分比计，山药淀粉为10‑24％，亲水胶体为0.6‑1.8％，类胡萝卜素为0.2‑2.0％，所述3D打印缓释制剂的外层数2‑5，填充率为50‑100％；本发明所提供的3D打印山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂解决了类胡萝卜素成品制剂稳定性的难题，同时保证了类胡萝卜素在胃肠道中的缓慢释放，提高其生物利用度，有效缓解视觉疲劳。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种3D打印山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂及其制备方法，尤其是山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素及3D打印制剂结构定制是实现该方法的技术关键，属于健康食品技术领域。
背景技术
类胡萝卜素是一类主要由8个类异戊二烯单位组成的C40类萜化合物及其衍生物，目前发现的类胡萝卜素已有600多种，广泛存在于植物、藻类、细菌、真菌的黄色、橙红色或者红色的色素中。类胡萝卜素具有多种生物学活性，可有效预防眼科疾病、癌症、老年性黄斑变性、心血管疾病等慢性退行性疾病，在功能食品、医药等多个领域受到广泛关注。然而，类胡萝卜素不能直接由人体合成，需通过日常饮食来摄取，且天然食品中的类胡萝卜素在人体内的生物利用度极低，因此，可以通过调控类胡萝卜素的缓慢释放来维持其生物有效性。
传统的类胡萝卜素补充制剂通常采用乳化剂将类胡萝卜素进行微囊化，改善类胡萝卜素的溶解性及稳定性，促进其生物利用度。仇丹公开了“油分散性类胡萝卜素制剂的制备方法”，采用植物油、水溶性胶体制备油分散性类胡萝卜素微胶囊(公开号：CN104274428A)。於春峰公开了“一种水溶性类胡萝卜素直接及其制备方法与应用”，采用复合乳化剂、填充物、油脂等制备水溶性类胡萝卜素制剂(公开号：CN 109157510A)。刘波公开了“一种良好稳定的类胡萝卜素的微囊化方法”，采用明胶、蔗糖、聚甘油脂肪酸酯溶解制备水相，类胡萝卜素及植物油等制备油相，将油相与水相混匀制备悬乳液，并将悬乳液采用离心喷雾干燥制备类胡萝卜素微囊颗粒(公开号：CN 110772497A)。李倩公开了“类胡萝卜素微粒制剂及其制备方法”，采用淀粉及碳水化合物作为凝胶化壁材，与类胡萝卜素混合后经乳化处理制备固态微粒，并将此固态颗粒进行压片所得片剂稳定性明显提高(公开号：CN108185424A)。黄强公开了“一种包埋叶黄素的多孔淀粉微胶囊及其制备方法”，将叶黄素加入食用油脂中制备油相，多孔淀粉加入叶黄素油相中制备乳液，离心后鼓风干燥制备叶黄素微胶囊(公开号：CN 111067096A)。综上所述，采用乳化剂将类胡萝卜包埋制备微囊颗粒可提高其稳定性及生物活性，但类胡萝卜素乳液干燥制备微囊颗粒的包埋率低，损失率大，微囊颗粒容易团聚、结块，而将类胡萝卜素微囊颗粒在压片过程中，极易受机械压力促使类胡萝卜素从微粒中泄露释放，影响产品品质及稳定性。
3D打印技术，又称为“增材制造”，是一种通过计算机程序将复杂的加工工艺进行数字化操作，实现高精度几何模型的智能成型技术，该技术被认为是推动工业4.0变革的重要技术手段。3D打印在食品功能强化设计、精准营养配置、个性化定制等智能制造方面表现出很大的优势。然而，3D打印技术在食品行业的应用主要受食品的特殊性(适用性及安全性)以及原料的流变特性(粘弹性、应变应力)的影响，导致其作为3D打印材料开发具有重大挑战。因此，寻求适合负载类胡萝卜素的3D打印载体及缓释制剂的3D打印方法，是本发明研究的重点。
本发明公开一种3D打印山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂及其制备方法，以山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素，并通过3D打印构建缓释制剂，可提高类胡萝卜素的稳定性，延缓胃肠道中的释放速率，促进其生物利用度。
发明内容：
为了克服现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种适用于3D打印的类胡萝卜素缓释制剂体系，将山药淀粉作为类胡萝卜素载体，延缓制剂消化过程，并在此基础上开发了3D打印山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂的制备方法，实现类胡萝卜素的定向释放及精准控制，有效促进其生物利用度。本发明采用3D打印构建山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂解决了生产上类胡萝卜素稳定性的难题，工艺先进，安全性高，缓释效果良好。
本发明的技术方案：
一种3D打印山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂及其制备方法，步骤如下：
(1)将山药淀粉与亲水胶体充分混合，分散于煮沸的蒸馏水中，热水浴加热，搅拌直至完全糊化溶解；
(2)将类胡萝卜素加入步骤(1)所述淀粉溶液中，均质处理后静置冷却至室温，形成凝胶；
(3)将步骤(2)所述凝胶放入3D打印缸体中，采用计算机软件绘制模型，构建制剂结构并导入3D打印机体中，设置打印参数完成制剂打印；
(4)将步骤(3)所述打印制剂进行真空冷冻干燥，得到山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂。
所述方案中，山药淀粉与亲水胶体经超微粉碎，过120目筛。
所述方案中，亲水胶体为瓜尔豆胶、黄原胶、卡拉胶、羧甲基纤维素钠、琼脂中的一种或者多种；所述类胡萝卜素为叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素、番茄红素、玉米黄质的一种或者多种。
所述方案中，以质量百分比计，山药淀粉为10-24％，亲水胶体为0.6-1.8％，类胡萝卜素为0.2-2.0％。
所述方案中，热水浴温度为65-85℃，搅拌时间为15-30min。
所述方案中，均质转速为5000-15000r/min，处理时间为2-10min，静置冷却期间用塑料薄膜包裹放置水分蒸发。
所述方案中，计算机软件绘制模型，为圆柱形片剂，直径为10-15mm，层高为4-8mm，外层数为2-5，填充率为50-100％。
所述方案中，真空冷冻干燥的真空度为20Pa，温度-55℃，干燥时间为28-38h，所得类胡萝卜素缓释制剂为0.3-0.5g/片。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)本发明将山药淀粉作为类胡萝卜素载体，不仅在生物体内可以完全吸收，同时山药淀粉的慢消化特性可以延缓代谢综合征、糖尿病和心血管疾病的发生。
(2)本发明提供的3D打印山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂，材料组成简单，安全可靠，环保健康，且3D打印山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂的制备方法，制作工艺先进，成本低，可根据营养需求及代谢特性对制剂活性成分类胡萝卜素及制剂结构进行个性化定制，实现类胡萝卜素的定向释放及精准控制，有效促进其生物利用度。
具体实施方式
实施例1：一种3D打印山药淀粉负载β-胡萝卜素缓释制剂及其制备方法
山药淀粉、黄原胶、β-胡萝卜素经超微粉碎后过120目筛，收集滤过物，以质量百分比计，山药淀粉16％，黄原胶0.8％，充分混合，分散于煮沸的蒸馏水中，并在75℃的热水浴中搅拌15min，直至完全糊化溶解，边搅拌边将0.5％的β-胡萝卜素加入到淀粉溶液中，均质混匀后用塑料薄膜包裹，在室温下静置，直至冷却形成凝胶，并将冷却至室温的凝胶放入3D打印缸体中。采用计算机软件绘制直径为10mm，厚度为5mm，外层数为3，填充率为80％的圆柱模型，将模型导入3D打印机体中，设定打印参数进行缓释制剂打印。缓释制剂打印成型后进行真空冷冻干燥，真空度为20Pa，温度-55℃，缓释片为0.30g/片。
实施例2：一种3D打印山药淀粉负载叶黄素及β-胡萝卜素缓释制剂及其制备方法
山药淀粉、黄原胶、瓜尔豆胶、叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素经超微粉碎后过120目筛，收集滤过物，以质量百分比计，山药淀粉16％，黄原胶及瓜尔豆胶(3∶2)0.8％，充分混合，分散于煮沸的蒸馏水中，并在75℃的热水浴中搅拌15min，直至完全糊化溶解，边搅拌边将0.5％的叶黄素及0.2％的β-胡萝卜素加入到淀粉溶液中，均质混匀后用塑料薄膜包裹，在室温下静置，直至冷却形成凝胶，并将冷却至室温的凝胶放入3D打印缸体中。采用计算机软件绘制直径为10mm，厚度为5mm，外层数为2，填充率为100％的圆柱模型，将模型导入3D打印机体中，设定打印参数进行缓释制剂打印。缓释制剂打印成型后进行真空冷冻干燥，真空度为20Pa，温度-55℃，缓释片为0.38g/片。
Claims (8)
1.一种3D打印山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂及其制备方法，其特征在于所述山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂采用三维打印成型技术制备而成，包括以下步骤：
(1)将山药淀粉与亲水胶体充分混合，分散于煮沸的蒸馏水中，热水浴加热，搅拌直至完全糊化溶解；
(2)将类胡萝卜素加入步骤(1)所述淀粉溶液中，均质处理后静置冷却至室温，形成凝胶；
(3)将步骤(2)所述凝胶放入3D打印缸体中，采用计算机软件绘制模型，构建制剂结构并导入3D打印机体中，设置打印参数完成制剂打印；
(4)将步骤(3)所述打印制剂进行真空冷冻干燥，得到山药淀粉负载类胡萝卜素缓释制剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印类胡萝卜素缓释制剂，其特征在于，所述山药淀粉与亲水胶体经超微粉碎，过120目筛。
3.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印类胡萝卜素缓释制剂，其特征在于，所述亲水胶体为瓜尔豆胶、黄原胶、卡拉胶、羧甲基纤维素钠、琼脂中的一种或者多种；所述类胡萝卜素为叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素、番茄红素、玉米黄质的一种或者多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印类胡萝卜素缓释制剂，其特征在于，以质量百分比计，所述山药淀粉为10-24％，亲水胶体为0.6-1.8％，类胡萝卜素为0.2-2.0％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印类胡萝卜素缓释制剂，其特征在于，所述热水浴温度为65-85℃，搅拌时间为15-30min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印类胡萝卜素缓释制剂，其特征在于，所述均质转速为5000-15000r/min，处理时间为2-10min，静置冷却期间用塑料薄膜包裹放置水分蒸发。
7.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印类胡萝卜素缓释制剂，其特征在于，所述计算机软件绘制模型，为圆柱形片剂，直径为10-15mm，层高为4-8mm，外层数为2-5，填充率为50-100％。
8.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印类胡萝卜素缓释制剂，其特征在于，所述真空冷冻干燥的真空度为20Pa，温度-55℃，干燥时间为28-38h，所得叶黄素缓释制剂为0.3-0.5g/片。
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