CN113713826A - Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
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- 229910020350 Na2WO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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Abstract
本发明公开了Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂及其制备方法和应用。通过将Co(NO3)2·6H2O与Na2WO4·2H2O和Fe(NO3)3·9H2O采用水热反应合成制得。本发明的Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂不仅能够有效分离光生电子和空穴,催化活性高,同时制备方法简单,操作方便,成本较低,稳定性强。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于声催化领域,尤其涉及一种Fe3+修饰的复合声催化剂Fe3+/CoWO4及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
工业的快速发展和人口增长造成的环境污染已成为人类面临的最重要的挑战之一。在水的各种污染物中,纺织和染料工业排放的污染物通过抑制阳光的渗透,消耗水中的溶解氧,从而破坏生命形式,造成严重的环境问题。纺织和染料工业中近18%的染料在染色过程中会流失,对环境造成严重的危害,所以将含有这些污染物的废水在排放到环境中之前就进行处理是目前人们非常感兴趣的课题。尽管不同的物理、化学和生物方法都用于处理含有这些污染物的废水,但是方法复杂,效果不理想。使用半导体的多相声催化过程由于能够在环境温度和压力下将各种污染物降解为无害化合物,被认为是达到这一目的的有效策略。
发明内容
本发明的第一目的是提供复合声催化剂Fe3+/CoWO4。
本发明的第二目的是提供复合声催化剂Fe3+/CoWO4的制备方法。
本发明的第三目的是提供复合声催化剂Fe3+/CoWO4的应用。
本发明采用的技术方案为:Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂,按摩尔百分比,含有10-20%的Fe3+。
Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:在搅拌下,将Na2WO4·2H2O水溶液缓慢加入到Co(NO3)2·6H2O水溶液中,搅拌10-20min后,加入Fe(NO3)3·9H2O水溶液,搅拌30-40min,将所得混合溶液移入聚四氟乙烯反应釜中,进行水热反应,反应结束后,过滤收集产物,用去离子水和无水乙醇洗涤,干燥,得Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂。
进一步的,上述的制备方法,按摩尔比,Co(NO3)2·6H2O:Na2WO4·2H2O:Fe(NO3)3·9H2O=1:1:0.1-1。
进一步的,上述的制备方法,所述水热反应是,于180℃下反应12h。
本发明提供的Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂在催化降解有机污染物中的应用。
进一步的,方法如下:向含有有机污染物的溶液中加入Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂,超声催化。
进一步的,调节有机污染物的初始浓度为4-5mg/L。
进一步的,Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂的加入量为1g/L。
进一步的,超声催化是,20℃,200W下,催化100-120min。
进一步的,所述有机污染物是亚甲蓝。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明中,CoWO4是一种能隙为2.80eV的中带隙半导体,价带能(VB)和导带能(CB)分别为+3.15eV和+0.35eV。通过Fe3+与CoWO4的结合,可以在不丧失声催化活性的情况下,克服光生电子和空穴的复合问题,提高CoWO4基声催化剂的声催化性能。
2、本发明制备的Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂不仅催化活性高,稳定性强,同时制备方法简单,操作方便,成本较低,能够有效避免光生电子和空穴的复合,可广泛应用于水体净化,药物废水治理等领域。
附图说明
图1为CoWO4和本发明Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂的XRD图。
图2为CoWO4和本发明Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂的XPS图谱。
图3为不同Fe3+复合比对Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂降解亚甲蓝溶液效果对比图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(一)Fe3+摩尔百分比为10%的复合声催化剂Fe3+/CoWO4
制备方法如下:
称取Co(NO3)2·6H2O(1.4551g,5mmol)溶于30mL去离子水,形成Co(NO3)2·6H2O水溶液。
称取Na2WO4·2H2O(1.6493g,5mmol)溶于30mL去离子水,形成Na2WO4·2H2O水溶液。
称取Fe(NO3)3·9H2O(0.202g,0.5mmol)溶于30mL去离子水,形成Fe(NO3)3·9H2O水溶液。
在剧烈搅拌下,将Na2WO4·2H2O水溶液缓慢倒入Co(NO3)2·6H2O水溶液中,搅拌10min后,加入Fe(NO3)3·9H2O水溶液,搅拌30min。将所得混合溶液移入100mL聚四氟乙烯反应釜中,置于鼓风干燥箱中,于180℃下水热反应12h。反应结束后,过滤收集产物,用去离子水和无水乙醇清洗数次,在80℃下烘干,得Fe3+/CoWO4声催化剂(Fe3+摩尔百分比为10%)。
(二)Fe3+摩尔百分比为20%的复合声催化剂Fe3+/CoWO4
制备方法如下:
称取Co(NO3)2·6H2O(1.4551g,5mmol)溶于30mL去离子水,形成Co(NO3)2·6H2O水溶液。
称取Na2WO4·2H2O(1.6493g,5mmol)溶于30mL去离子水,形成Na2WO4·2H2O水溶液。
称取Fe(NO3)3·9H2O(0.404g,1mmol)溶于30mL去离子水,形成Fe(NO3)3·9H2O水溶液。
在剧烈搅拌下,将Na2WO4·2H2O水溶液缓慢倒入Co(NO3)2·6H2O水溶液中,搅拌10min后,加入Fe(NO3)3·9H2O水溶液,搅拌30min。将所得混合溶液移入100mL聚四氟乙烯反应釜中,置于鼓风干燥箱中,于180℃下水热反应12h。反应结束后,过滤收集产物,用去离子水和无水乙醇清洗数次,在80℃下烘干,得Fe3+/CoWO4声催化剂(Fe3+摩尔百分比为20%)。
(三)对比例CoWO4的制备:
称取Co(NO3)2·6H2O(1.4551g,5mmol)溶于30mL去离子水,形成Co(NO3)2·6H2O水溶液。
称取Na2WO4·2H2O(1.6493g,5mmol)溶于30mL去离子水,形成Na2WO4·2H2O水溶液。
将Co(NO3)2·6H2O水溶液和Na2WO4·2H2O水溶液混合后,磁力搅拌30min;再超声反应30min后倒入高压反应釜中,将高压反应釜置于鼓风干燥箱中180℃加热24h;反应结束后将反应釜降至室温,抽滤,在80℃条件下干燥2h得到目标产物。
(四)检测
1、利用XRD谱图测定了合成的CoWO4和Fe3+复合比分别为10%和20%的Fe3+/CoWO4样品,如图1所示。在Fe3+/CoWO4的图谱中,CoWO4的衍射峰除了CoWO4(JCPDS:72-0479)的单斜晶相,还有属于Fe3+的特征峰。因此,XRD分析表明,Fe3+/CoWO4光催化剂已经成功合成。
2、用XPS进一步研究CoWO4和Fe3+复合比分别为10%和20%的Fe3+/CoWO4复合材料的表面元素组成和化学价态。如图2所示,图谱显示化合物中存在Co、W、O、Fe元素的高分辨率光谱信号,W 4f、Co 2p、O 1s和Fe 2p出现在34.9eV、780.1eV、50.3eV和22.4eV,这些结果表明,Fe3+/CoWO4复合材料已经成功制备。
实施例2 Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂催化超声降解亚甲蓝溶液
通过在水溶液中降解亚甲蓝,测试了CoWO4和Fe3+/CoWO4复合材料的声催化活性。方法如下:
将20ml亚甲蓝溶液(4.5mg/L)加入到250ml烧瓶中,然后分别加入20mg CoWO4或Fe3 +/CoWO4复合声催化剂,随后,用超声(20℃,200W)辐照样品。120min后,收集溶液,离心分离CoWO4及Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂。用紫外可见分光光度计在291nm处测定溶液中的亚甲蓝浓度,计算其降解率。
公式为:降解率(%)=[(A0-At)/A0]×100%
A0:是亚甲蓝溶液的初始吸光度
At:是亚甲蓝溶液在不同实验条件下的吸光度
结果如图3所示,在超声作用下,CoWO4、Fe3+/CoWO4(10%)和Fe3+/CoWO4(20%)声催化剂在降解亚甲蓝时均表现出较好的活性。在CoWO4上修饰Fe3+后,声催化性能显著提高,说明CoWO4半导体与Fe3+的集成是提高声催化性能的主要原因。结果表明,制备的声催化剂的活性与Fe3+的摩尔百分比有关,在这些纳米复合材料中,Fe3+/CoWO4(20%)光催化剂的活性最高,120min内78.42%的亚甲蓝被降解。
Claims (10)
1.Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂,其特征在于,所述Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂中,按摩尔百分比,含有10-20%的Fe3+。
2.Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:在搅拌下,将Na2WO4·2H2O水溶液缓慢加入到Co(NO3)2·6H2O水溶液中,搅拌10-20min后,加入Fe(NO3)3·9H2O水溶液,搅拌30-40min,将所得混合溶液移入聚四氟乙烯反应釜中,进行水热反应,反应结束后,过滤收集产物,用去离子水和无水乙醇洗涤,干燥,得Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,按摩尔比,Co(NO3)2·6H2O:Na2WO4·2H2O:Fe(NO3)3·9H2O=1:1:0.1-1。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述水热反应是,于180℃下反应12h。
5.权利要求1所述的Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂在催化降解有机污染物中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,方法如下:向含有有机污染物的废水中加入Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂,超声催化。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,调节有机污染物的初始浓度为4-5mg/L。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,Fe3+/CoWO4复合声催化剂的加入量为1g/L。
9.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,超声催化是,20℃,200W下,催化100-120min。
10.根据权利要求5-9任意一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述有机污染物是亚甲蓝。
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