CN113711859B

CN113711859B - No-tillage sowing method for repairing degraded grassland

Info

Publication number: CN113711859B
Application number: CN202111132053.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘贵林; 张英俊; 刘立平; 戴晓军; 王强; 高晓宏; 王志军; 贾俊俊; 邢凯
Original assignee: Hohhot Branch Of Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Co ltd
Current assignee: Hohhot Branch Of Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-26
Filing date: 2021-09-26
Publication date: 2023-01-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-26
Also published as: CN113711859A

Abstract

The invention discloses a no-tillage planting method for repairing degraded grassland, which comprises the steps of downwards cutting a no-upturned-soil cutting seam on the surface of the degraded grassland according to a grass seed planting process, and extruding the cutting seam into V-shaped grooves towards two sides; sowing grass seeds into the bottom of the V-shaped groove; and pressing the grass seeds sowed in the V-shaped grooves into the soil through a press wheel. The invention cuts a narrow cutting seam on the surface of the degraded grassland, the cutting seam is extruded and expanded to two sides to form a V-shaped groove, then the grass seeds are sowed into the bottom of the V-shaped groove and buried in the soil by rolling, and the invention adopts a no-upturned furrow sowing method, thereby avoiding water and soil loss; meanwhile, the kerfs and grooves formed in the soil can improve the air permeability and the water storage property of the soil, are favorable for the germination and rooting of the grass seeds, and improve the emergence rate and the survival rate of the grass seeds, thereby improving the grassland environment and improving the grassland grass coverage rate.

Description

No-tillage sowing method for repairing degraded grassland

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pasture planting and cultivation, and particularly relates to a no-tillage seeding method for repairing degraded grassland.

Background

The natural grassland is used as a natural resource and is the basis for survival and development of the grassland animal husbandry. However, due to excessive grazing and unregulated development, the grassland in China is degraded, the productivity is reduced, the pasture is seriously insufficient, and the contradiction between the grassland and the livestock is prominent. In order to improve the grassland environment and increase the grassland pasture coverage rate, a technology for improving the restoration and sowing of the degraded grassland must be researched.

In the existing grass sowing technology, a process of ploughing and then sowing is adopted in an artificial planting grassland, namely, ploughing is firstly adopted to plough all grasslands, and then a sowing machine is used for sowing. The full-tillage method is not suitable for repairing and sowing natural degraded grasslands. The method is characterized in that no-tillage seeding is generally adopted in natural degraded grassland, namely, no-tillage grassland is ploughed, and ground surface turf is directly scratched on the degraded grassland for ditching and seeding, although the method does not plough all the degraded grassland, the soil erosion caused by ploughing soil surface soil is caused by the ploughing of the ploughed soil surface, the ecological environment of the fragile grassland is affected, particularly, the method is relatively extensive, and the emergence rate and the survival rate of sown forage grass seeds are low.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to improve the air permeability and water storage property of soil under the condition that no upturned soil is turned on the surface of a grassland, is beneficial to improving the emergence rate and the survival rate of grass seeds, improving the grassland environment and improving the grassland coverage rate, and therefore, the invention provides a no-tillage sowing method for repairing degraded grasslands.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a degraded grassland repairing no-tillage sowing method is provided, a no-upturned-soil cutting seam is cut downwards on the surface of the degraded grassland according to the grass seed sowing process, and the cutting seam is extruded into V-shaped grooves towards two sides; sowing grass seeds into the bottom of the V-shaped groove; and pressing the grass seeds sowed in the V-shaped grooves into the soil through a press wheel.

Preferably, a slit is cut vertically downward at the surface of the degraded grassland by a circular cutter, the width a of the slit is less than 10mm, and the depth b of the slit is more than 50mm.

More preferably, the width c of the V-shaped groove is 25mm to 35mm, and the depth d of the V-shaped groove is 25mm to 35mm.

The press wheels move along two inner side surfaces of the V-shaped groove and press soil layers on two side surfaces of the V-shaped groove downwards, so that the forage grass seeds are buried in the soil layers on the two side surfaces of the V-shaped groove.

And (3) compacting in the V-shaped groove by adopting a U-shaped compacting wheel, wherein the width e of the U-shaped groove formed after compacting is 15-20 mm.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

A. the invention cuts a narrow cutting seam on the surface of the degraded grassland, the cutting seam is extruded and expanded to two sides to form a V-shaped groove, then the grass seeds are sowed into the bottom of the V-shaped groove and buried in the soil by rolling, and the invention adopts a no-upturned furrow sowing method, thereby avoiding water and soil loss; meanwhile, the kerfs and grooves formed in the soil can improve the air permeability and the water storage property of the soil, are favorable for the germination and rooting of the grass seeds, and improve the emergence rate and the survival rate of the grass seeds, thereby improving the grassland environment and improving the grassland grass coverage rate.

B. The soil surface cutting seam adopted in the invention is deeper relative to the V-shaped groove, the V-shaped groove is formed at the upper part of the cutting seam, the U-shaped groove is formed at the upper part of the V-shaped groove, the forage grass seeds are positioned at the bottom of the V-shaped groove, and the cutting seam below the forage grass seeds ensures that the soil has air permeability and is beneficial to the growth of the forage grass seeds.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention, the drawings that are required for the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings without inventive effort by a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the steps of the seeding process of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a slit of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a V-shaped groove formed in the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the sowing position of the grass seeds in the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a U-shaped groove formed in the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the cutting disk of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cutting disk of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a disc V-shaped furrow opener of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a disk V-shaped furrow opener of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a U-shaped compacting machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a U-shaped compacting machine according to the present invention.

The labels in the figure are as follows:

1-soil; 2-forage grass seeds; 3-a cutter disk; 4-disc V-shaped furrow opener; 5-U type compacting machine;

a-kerf width; b-depth of cutting seam; c-V groove width; d-V groove depth;

e-U-shaped groove width.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; the connection can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 to 5, the invention provides a no-tillage planting method for restoring degraded grassland, which comprises the steps of cutting a no-upturned-soil cutting slit downwards on the surface of the degraded grassland according to a grass seed planting process, and extruding the cutting slit to form V-shaped grooves towards two sides; sowing grass seeds into the bottom of the V-shaped groove; and pressing the grass seeds sowed in the V-shaped grooves into the soil through a press wheel.

Wherein a cutting slit is vertically downwards cut on the ground surface of the degraded grassland through a circular disc cutter, and the width a of the cutting slit is less than 10mm, such as the width of the cutting slit is 8mm; the kerf depth b is larger than 50mm, such as 60mm. As shown in fig. 1, the slits cut by the circular disc cutter are sized as shown in fig. 6 and 7. As shown in figure 3, the disc V-shaped opener 4 shown in figure 8 and figure 9 is adopted and is arranged in the kerf, and because the end surface of the disc V-shaped opener is in a V-shaped structure, the width dimension of the disc V-shaped opener is larger than the kerf width, when the disc V-shaped opener is arranged in the kerf, two parallel side surfaces at the upper part of the kerf are further extruded and outwards extruded to form a V shape, as shown in figure 3, the width c of the V-shaped groove is 25 mm-35 mm, preferably the width c of the groove is 30mm, and the depth d of the V-shaped groove is 25 mm-35 mm, preferably 30mm.

As shown in fig. 4, the grass seeds are sown into the bottom of the V-shaped groove through the seed sowing pipe, and then move along the two inner side surfaces of the V-shaped groove through the press wheels, and press the soil layers on the two side surfaces of the V-shaped groove downwards, so that the grass seeds are buried in the soil through the soil layers on the two side surfaces of the V-shaped groove. As shown in fig. 5, a U-shaped press wheel is preferably used, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the end surface of the U-shaped press wheel is U-shaped, and the U-shaped press wheel presses in the V-shaped groove, so that the soil layer on the side surface of the V-shaped groove is squeezed to bury the grass seeds in the soil, and as the depth and width of the U-shaped press wheel and the V-shaped furrow opener are both smaller than the size of the cut, as shown in fig. 5, the cut groove is further arranged below the grass seeds, and the air permeability and water storage property of the soil can be improved by the cut groove, thereby facilitating the germination and rooting of the grass seeds, improving the emergence rate and survival rate of the grass seeds, improving the grassland environment and improving the grassland grass coverage rate. The width e of the U-shaped groove formed by pressing the V-shaped groove is 15mm to 20mm, preferably 20mm, as shown in FIG. 5.

The equipment manufactured by the sowing method comprises a circular disc cutter, a circular disc V-shaped furrow opener, a seed discharging pipe and a U-shaped press wheel which form a whole, the circular disc cutter, the circular disc V-shaped furrow opener, the seed discharging pipe and the U-shaped press wheel are sequentially arranged from front to back, the soil is cut while the cut is widened to be V-shaped, meanwhile, the grass seeds are sown in the formed V-shaped grooves through the seed discharging pipe, then the soil is covered with the U-shaped press wheel which is arranged behind the seed discharging pipe, the soil layers are soil layers on two sides of the V-shaped grooves, and the grass seeds are directly buried in the soil. The whole can adopt integrated equipment, certainly can also adopt a plurality of equipment, for example, the equipment comprises joint cutting equipment, V-shaped ditching equipment, seeding equipment and equipment with a U-shaped press wheel, and through the structure disclosed and the related dimensions, the technical scheme of the invention can be completely implemented by the technical personnel in the field.

Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A no-tillage sowing method for repairing degraded grassland is characterized in that a piece of no-upturned-soil slitting is cut downwards on the surface of the degraded grassland according to a grass seed sowing process, and V-shaped grooves are extruded from the slitting towards two sides; sowing grass seeds into the bottom of the V-shaped groove; pressing the grass seeds sowed in the V-shaped grooves into soil by a press wheel; vertically cutting a cutting slit downwards on the surface of the degraded grassland through a circular disc cutter, wherein the width a of the cutting slit is less than 10mm, and the depth b of the cutting slit is more than 50mm; the width c of the V-shaped groove is 25-35mm, and the depth d of the V-shaped groove is 25-35 mm.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressing wheels are moved along both inner sides of the V-shaped groove and press down the soil layers on both sides of the V-shaped groove, so that the grass seeds are buried in the soil on both sides of the V-shaped groove.

3. The no-tillage planting method for restoring degraded grassland as claimed in claim 2, wherein the V-shaped grooves are compacted by a U-shaped compacting wheel, and the width e of the U-shaped grooves formed by compacting is 15mm to 20mm.