CN210725935U - Air-suction type no-tillage sorghum precision planter - Google Patents

Air-suction type no-tillage sorghum precision planter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210725935U
CN210725935U CN201921506664.XU CN201921506664U CN210725935U CN 210725935 U CN210725935 U CN 210725935U CN 201921506664 U CN201921506664 U CN 201921506664U CN 210725935 U CN210725935 U CN 210725935U
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China
Prior art keywords
seed
air
suction
disc
wheel
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201921506664.XU
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
袁鑫宇
陶桂香
曲峻池
杨柳
张世康
陈策
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Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
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Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
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Abstract

The utility model relates to an air-aspiration type no-tillage sorghum precision planter, which belongs to agricultural machinery.A fertilizer box and a fan are fixed on a cross beam of a frame, a travelling wheel and a transmission main shaft are in chain transmission, the transmission main shaft is respectively in transmission connection with a fertilizer discharger and a transmission auxiliary shaft at the outlet of the lower part of the fertilizer box, a stubble-breaking scarifier is fixed at the lower end of the cross beam, and a four-rod copying mechanism is connected at the rear side; a grass poking wheel and a corrugated disc are arranged below the four-rod profiling mechanism; a seed box is fixed behind the four-rod copying mechanism, a discharge port of the seed box corresponds to a seed inlet of the air-suction seed metering device, and a depth limiting wheel and a double-disc type furrow opener are installed at the rear end of the four-rod copying mechanism. The seeder overcomes the problems of the existing sorghum seeder, such as limitation of cultivated land environment, high seed breakage rate, seed leakage, inaccurate seeding amount, poor seed filling effect during high-speed operation and the like; meanwhile, under the action of the air-suction type seed sowing device, the damage to seeds during the original mechanical seed sowing is reduced, and the precision during the high-speed operation is ensured.

Description

Air-suction type no-tillage sorghum precision planter
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to agricultural machinery, in particular to an air-aspiration type no-tillage sorghum precision seeder.
Background
In recent years, air pollution and farmland water and soil loss are prevented, and the state prohibits straw burning and advocates straw coverage and returning to the field. The complex farmland environment is caused, the straw stubble coverage is high, and the original common seeder can not work.
The current seeder for planting sorghum in the market is a mechanical precision seeder, and can be mainly divided into a rotary bin type, a rotary spoon type, a horizontal disc and the like according to different working principles of a seed sowing device. The working principle of the mechanical precision seeder is as follows: seeds with different sizes are separated in the seed storage area, and then the links of seed filling, seed carrying and seed dropping of the seed sowing device are completed through the self weight of the seeds and mechanical assistance. However, the disadvantages are that the object of sowing is too limited by the influence of the geometric size of the seeds, and is only suitable for sowing the crops with regular geometric shapes of the seeds, and the seeds are easily extruded to cause serious damage, so that the germination rate of the seeds is low or the seedlings are short, and the method is not suitable for rapid operation in large-scale production.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an air-aspiration type no-tillage sorghum precision planter.
The utility model relates to an air-suction type no-tillage sorghum precision planter, which comprises a frame, a traction frame, a fertilizer box and a seeding mechanism, wherein a cross beam at the front end of the frame is fixed with the traction frame, walking wheels are arranged under vertical beams at two sides of the frame, more than one seeding mechanism is connected on the cross beam between the two vertical beams, and the seeding mechanism comprises a fertilizer discharging mechanism, a stubble breaking mechanism and a seed discharging mechanism; the fertilizer discharging mechanism comprises an outer grooved wheel type fertilizer discharging device, a fertilizer box and a disc type stubble breaking scarifier; the stubble breaking mechanism comprises a corrugated disc and a grass poking wheel; the seed sowing mechanism comprises a seed box, an air suction type seed sowing device, a double-disc type furrow opener, a depth limiting wheel and a V-shaped press wheel; a fertilizer box is fixed on two ends of a cross beam at the front part of the frame, a fan is fixed in the middle of the cross beam, a connecting shaft of a travelling wheel is in transmission connection with a transmission main shaft through a chain I, the transmission main shaft is in transmission connection with an external grooved pulley type fertilizer discharger at the outlet of the lower part of the fertilizer box and a transmission auxiliary shaft below the cross beam respectively, a disc type stubble breaking scarifier is fixed at the lower end of the cross beam of the frame, a fertilizer outlet pipe of the fertilizer box is arranged on a side beam of the disc type stubble breaking scarifier, and the rear side of the; a grass poking wheel and a corrugated disc are sequentially arranged below the four-rod profiling mechanism from front to back; the four-rod copying mechanism has support frame connected to the back upper part, seed box fixed onto the support frame, discharge port corresponding to the seed inlet of the air-sucking seed metering device, depth limiting wheel and double-disc type furrow opener installed in the back end of the four-rod copying mechanism, seed outlet of the air-sucking seed metering device and the double-disc type furrow opener in the same straight line, and pressing wheel connected to the back ends of the double-disc type furrow opener and the depth limiting wheel via the support frame.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the air-suction seed sowing device is formed by buckling a left shell and a right shell and fixing the shells by bolts, the upper half part in the left shell is provided with a groove to form a negative pressure chamber, a rubber pad is seated on the side opening of the negative pressure chamber, and a seed sowing disc compresses the rubber pad to be fixed with the left shell and the right shell into a whole through a seed sowing shaft; suction holes are uniformly distributed on the seed metering disc, a through hole is arranged outside the right shell, one end of the seed scraping plate is fixed with one end of the right shell, and the body of the seed scraping plate is arranged in the shell and is abutted against the seed metering disc; the transmission auxiliary shaft is transmitted with the seed shaft on the seed disk through a chain II.
As a further improvement of the utility model, an air suction pipe is arranged in the negative pressure chamber, and a seed inlet is arranged at the upper end of the shell; the lower end of the shell is provided with a seed outlet.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the air inlet of the fan is respectively communicated with the air outlet of each air-suction seeding unit through the air pipe.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the grass poking wheel and the corrugated disc are on the same straight line.
The air-suction type no-tillage sorghum precision seeder of the utility model overcomes the problems of the prior sorghum seeder, such as limitation by the cultivated land environment, high seed breakage rate, seed leakage, inaccurate seeding amount, poor seed filling effect during high-speed operation, and the like; meanwhile, under the action of the air-suction type seed sowing device, the damage to seeds during the original mechanical seed sowing is reduced, and the precision during the high-speed operation is ensured; the precision seeding of the sorghum is realized, and the seed sowing device has the advantages of good seed sowing effect, high reliability and the like. Through adopting no-tillage devices such as stubble-breaking furrow opener, ripple disc, promoted the adaptability of seeder to the seeding environment, can once only accomplish operations such as the stubble-breaking loosens the soil, side position fertilization, precision seeding and suppression, have characteristics such as no-tillage, high-speed, seeding are accurate, reliability height.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of the present invention;
fig. 3 and 4 are schematic structural views of the sowing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air-suction seed metering device.
Detailed Description
The utility model discloses a suction type no-tillage sorghum precision planter, including frame, traction frame, can of manuring, sowing mechanism, the crossbeam 1 and the traction frame 2 of frame front end are fixed, have installed walking wheel 4 under the perpendicular roof beam of frame both sides, have connected more than one sowing mechanism on the crossbeam 1 between two perpendicular roof beams, sowing mechanism including arrange fertile mechanism, broken stubble mechanism and seed metering mechanism.
The fertilizer discharging mechanism comprises an outer sheave type fertilizer discharger 5, a fertilizer box 6 and a disc type stubble breaking scarifier 7; the stubble breaking mechanism comprises a corrugated disc 8 and a grass poking wheel 9; the seed metering mechanism comprises a seed box 10, an air-suction seed metering device 11, a double-disc type furrow opener 12, a depth limiting wheel 13 and a V-shaped press wheel 14.
A fertilizer box 6 is fixed at two ends of a cross beam 1 at the front part of the frame, a fan 15 is fixed in the middle of the cross beam, a connecting shaft of a walking wheel 4 is in transmission connection with a transmission main shaft 33 through a chain I16, the transmission main shaft 33 is positioned on the frame between a traction frame and the cross beam, the transmission main shaft 33 is respectively in transmission connection with an outer grooved wheel type fertilizer discharger 5 at the lower outlet of the fertilizer box 6 and a transmission auxiliary shaft 34 below the cross beam 1, a disc type stubble breaking scarifier 7 is fixed at the lower end of the cross beam 1 of the frame, a fertilizer outlet pipe 17 of the fertilizer box 6 is arranged on a side beam of the disc type stubble breaking scarifier 7, and the rear side of the cross; the grass poking wheel 9 and the corrugated disc 8 are sequentially arranged below the four-bar copying mechanism 18 from front to back, and the grass poking wheel 9 and the corrugated disc 8 are on the same straight line.
A support frame 19 is connected to the rear upper part of the four-bar copying mechanism 18, a seed box 10 is fixed on the support frame, a discharge port of the seed box 10 corresponds to a seed inlet 31 of the air-suction type seed metering device 11, a depth limiting wheel 13 and a double-disc type furrow opener 12 are arranged at the rear end of the four-bar copying mechanism 18 side by side, a press wheel 14 is connected to the rear ends of the double-disc type furrow opener 12 and the depth limiting wheel 13 through the support frame, and a seed outlet of the air-suction type seed metering device 11, the double-disc type furrow opener 12 and the press wheel 14 are on the same straight line; the double-disc type furrow opener 12 and the disc type stubble breaking scarifier 7 are not in the same straight line.
The utility model discloses a to the arable land environment that the straw covered, consequently the sorghum seeder must have and prevents stifled subassembly, then install the back at the stubble-breaking ware with a pair of grass poking wheel, its effect is toward both sides clearance straw stubble and prevent that the furrow opener from blockking up. Meanwhile, a corrugated disc is designed to be matched as a stubble breaking and chopping mechanism, and the stubble breaking and chopping mechanism has the characteristics of fast and effective stubble breaking and residual straw and weed cutting. Because no-tillage plots are not prepared, and a plurality of harder clods with larger volume exist, the random corrugated disc can also break the clods. When designing a seed furrow opener, a double-disc type opener is selected. The double-disc type furrow opener has small requirement on the environment of cultivated land, and can have good working effect on common cultivated land which is leveled by rotary tillage and no-tillage sowing cultivated land which is covered by more straws. That is, firstly, the corrugated disk is used for ditching the land for the first time, and then the double-disk type ditcher is used for ditching for the second time to ditch the seed ditch.
The air-suction seed metering device 11 is formed by buckling a left shell 20 and a right shell 21 and fixing the left shell and the right shell by bolts 22, as shown in figure 5, a groove is formed at the upper half part in the left shell 20 to form a negative pressure chamber 23, a rubber gasket 24 is seated on the side opening of the negative pressure chamber 23, a rubber ring 37 is embedded in the center of the left shell 20, and a seed metering disc 25 compresses the rubber gasket 24 and is fixed with the left shell 20 and the right shell 21 into a whole through a seed metering shaft 26; suction holes 27 are uniformly distributed on the seed metering disc 25, the rear ends of the suction holes 27 are communicated with the negative pressure chamber 23, a through hole 28 is arranged outside the right shell 21, one end of a seed scraping plate 29 is fixed with one end of the right shell 21 through a bolt 36, and the body of the seed scraping plate is arranged in the shell and is abutted against the seed metering disc 25; the auxiliary transmission shaft 34 is in transmission with the seed shaft 26 on the seed disk 25 through a chain II 35 to drive the seed disk 25 to rotate. The negative pressure chamber 23 is provided with an air suction pipe 30, and the upper end of the shell is provided with a seed inlet 31; a seed discharge port 32 is provided at the lower end of the housing. The air inlet of the fan 15 is communicated with the air outlets of the air-suction seed metering devices 11 through air pipes. When the negative pressure suction device works, the fan is connected with the suction pipe through the plastic hose, so that the suction chamber forms negative pressure. The chamber is communicated with the outside and is in a normal atmospheric pressure environment. The sorghum seeds in the seed box fall into a seed filling area of the seed metering disc, and the seeds are adsorbed to seed sucking holes in the inner ring and the outer ring of the seed metering disc under the action of negative pressure, so that seed filling is completed. The seed discharging plate is driven to rotate by chain transmission, and the seeds reach the seed cleaning area along with the seed discharging plate. And then, the adsorbed seeds reach the seed throwing area under the action of continuous negative pressure, the negative pressure disappears, the seeds lose adsorption force, and the seeds are released under the action of gravity. The seeds fall into the curved seed guiding tube under the action of self gravity. The curve seed guiding pipe is used for guiding seeds, when the seeds slide from the pipe, a backward seed dividing speed is generated, and the backward seed dividing speed is offset with the forward speed of the whole machine during operation, so that zero-speed seed falling is realized, and the uniformity of the grain distance is ensured.
The seeder during operation is connected with the tractor through the traction frame, and the tractor walks forward, and the seeder walking wheel rotates, drives outer sheave formula fertilizer apparatus through chain drive's mode, falls fertilizer on the row's of broken stubble agitator of disc type fertilizer apparatus of fertilizing through leading fertile pipe, accomplishes normal position fertilization, and the pressure spring is installed to the furrow opener, adjusts the fertilization degree of depth that the difference can be adjusted to the furrow opener pressure spring. The grass poking wheel puts down weeds and straws, then the corrugated disc breaks stubbles and cuts the stubbles into pieces, and the stubbles can also be cut into pieces when encountering soil blocks with larger volume. The seed metering mechanism is connected with the frame through a four-rod profiling mechanism, so that the double-disc furrow opener can change along with the terrain to open an operation seed ditch with unchanged depth, the position of the depth limiting wheels is arranged at the left side and the right side of the seed ditch furrow opener, the direction of the depth limiting wheels is slightly backward, and the planting depth is uniform. Realizing precise seeding. The fan rotates under the drive of the power output device of the tractor, the fan transmits wind power to the air-suction type seed sowing device through the fan pipe, the seed suction and seed falling work is completed, the seeding is completed, the seeds are tightly contacted with soil by pressing the broken soil behind the V-shaped press wheel, the evaporation of moisture is reduced, and the moisture of the lower soil layer can rise. The loose soil is compacted, the porosity is moderate, the stacking density is increased, and the seeds can absorb water to sprout.

Claims (5)

1. An air-suction type no-tillage sorghum precision seeder comprises a frame, a traction frame, a fertilizer box and a seeding mechanism, wherein a cross beam (1) at the front end of the frame is fixed with the traction frame (2), and walking wheels (4) are arranged below vertical beams at two sides of the frame, and the air-suction type no-tillage sorghum precision seeder is characterized in that more than one seeding mechanism is connected to the cross beam (1) between the two vertical beams, and each seeding mechanism comprises a fertilizer discharging mechanism, a stubble breaking mechanism and a seed discharging mechanism; the fertilizer discharging mechanism comprises an outer grooved wheel type fertilizer discharging device (5), a fertilizer box (6) and a disc type stubble breaking scarifier (7); the stubble breaking mechanism comprises a corrugated disc (8) and a grass poking wheel (9); the seed sowing mechanism comprises a seed box (10), an air suction type seed sowing device (11), a double-disc type furrow opener (12), a depth limiting wheel (13) and a V-shaped press wheel (14); a fertilizer box (6) is fixed at two ends of a cross beam (1) at the front part of the frame, a fan (15) is fixed in the middle of the cross beam, a connecting shaft of a travelling wheel (4) is in transmission connection with a transmission main shaft (33) through a chain I (16), the transmission main shaft (33) is in transmission connection with an outer grooved wheel type fertilizer distributor (5) at the lower outlet of the fertilizer box (6) and a transmission auxiliary shaft (34) below the cross beam (1) respectively, a disc type stubble breaking scarifier (7) is fixed at the lower end of the cross beam (1) of the frame, a fertilizer outlet pipe (17) of the fertilizer box (6) is arranged on a side beam of the stubble breaking scarifier (7) in a disc type, and the rear side of the cross beam (1; a grass poking wheel (9) and a corrugated disc (8) are sequentially arranged from front to back below the four-bar profiling mechanism (18); a supporting frame (19) is connected to the rear upper part of a four-rod copying mechanism (18), a seed box (10) is fixed on the supporting frame, a discharge port of the seed box (10) corresponds to a seed inlet (31) of an air-suction type seed metering device (11), a depth limiting wheel (13) and a double-disc type furrow opener (12) are arranged at the rear end of the four-rod copying mechanism (18) side by side, a seed outlet of the air-suction type seed metering device (11) is in a straight line with the double-disc type furrow opener (12), and a press wheel (14) is connected to the rear ends of the double-disc type furrow opener (12) and the depth limiting wheel (13) through the supporting frame.
2. The air-suction no-tillage sorghum precision seeder as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the air-suction seed metering device (11) is formed by fastening a left shell (20) and a right shell (21) with bolts (22), a groove is formed in the upper half part of the left shell (20) to form a negative pressure chamber (23), a rubber pad (24) is seated on the side opening of the negative pressure chamber (23), and a seed metering disc (25) presses the rubber pad (24) and is fixed with the left shell (20) and the right shell (21) into a whole through a seed metering shaft (26); suction holes (27) are uniformly distributed on the seed metering disc (25), a through hole (28) is arranged outside the right shell (21), one end of a seed scraping plate (29) is fixed with one end of the right shell (21), and the body of the seed scraping plate is arranged in the shell and is abutted against the seed metering disc (25); the transmission auxiliary shaft (34) is transmitted with a seed shaft (26) on the seed disk (25) through a chain II (35).
3. The air-suction type no-tillage sorghum precision seeder as recited in claim 2, wherein the negative pressure chamber (23) is provided with an air suction pipe (30), and a seed inlet (31) is provided at an upper end of the housing; a seed discharge port (32) is provided at the lower end of the housing.
4. The air-suction no-tillage sorghum precision seeder according to claim 2, wherein an air inlet of the fan (15) is respectively communicated with an air outlet of each air-suction seed metering device (11) through an air pipe.
5. The air-aspiration no-tillage sorghum precision seeder according to claim 1, wherein the weeding wheel (9) and the corrugated disc (8) are collinear.
CN201921506664.XU 2019-09-11 2019-09-11 Air-suction type no-tillage sorghum precision planter Expired - Fee Related CN210725935U (en)

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CN201921506664.XU CN210725935U (en) 2019-09-11 2019-09-11 Air-suction type no-tillage sorghum precision planter

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201921506664.XU CN210725935U (en) 2019-09-11 2019-09-11 Air-suction type no-tillage sorghum precision planter

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112930788A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-06-11 中国农业大学 Remote control self-propelled district dibbler
CN114521365A (en) * 2022-02-21 2022-05-24 永好智能科技(江苏)有限公司 Wide-ridge double-row unequal-torque wide-narrow-row delta-shaped unit multi-plant seeder

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112930788A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-06-11 中国农业大学 Remote control self-propelled district dibbler
CN114521365A (en) * 2022-02-21 2022-05-24 永好智能科技(江苏)有限公司 Wide-ridge double-row unequal-torque wide-narrow-row delta-shaped unit multi-plant seeder

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Granted publication date: 20200612

Termination date: 20210911