CN113697923A - Water quality improver for culture pond and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water quality improver for culture pond and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113697923A CN113697923A CN202110849774.1A CN202110849774A CN113697923A CN 113697923 A CN113697923 A CN 113697923A CN 202110849774 A CN202110849774 A CN 202110849774A CN 113697923 A CN113697923 A CN 113697923A
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- chitosan
- water quality
- bacillus
- culture pond
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004343 Calcium peroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium peroxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][O-] LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019402 calcium peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 39
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 33
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000194032 Enterococcus faecalis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000108664 Nitrobacteria Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000193755 Bacillus cereus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 3
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002730 succinyl group Chemical group C(CCC(=O)*)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 241001052560 Thallis Species 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical group O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- IPQVRLSXWJPESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].ON=O Chemical compound [N].ON=O IPQVRLSXWJPESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- -1 nitrate and the like Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 description 1
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloramine Chemical compound ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000235070 Saccharomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000194017 Streptococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004099 anaerobic respiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000010824 fish disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002816 gill Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010027322 single cell proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/166—Nitrites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention discloses a water quality improver for a culture pond, which is characterized in that: the modifier comprises, by weight, 5-10 parts of raw material sodium thiosulfate, 20-30 parts of microbial preparation, 40-50 parts of basalt powder, 30-40 parts of chitosan agent and 10-15 parts of calcium peroxide. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the water quality improver for the culture pond. The water quality modifier for the culture pond, disclosed by the invention, provides a carrier or a residence for microbial thalli by combining the basalt powder and the chitosan agent, avoids the loss of the microbial thalli, improves the biological activity and the utilization rate of the microbial thalli, and simultaneously plays a role in protecting the thalli so as to avoid the influence of external system conditions, and improves the mechanical strength, stability, durability and durability of the water quality modifier.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water quality improvement, in particular to a water quality improver for a culture pond and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The aquaculture is interfered by a plurality of people, except metabolic products of fishes, residual baits and excessive input medicines in the water body break through the original structure of the aquaculture ecological environment, the water body is easy to pollute, the phenomena of fish diseases and fish death are frequent, and the development of the aquaculture industry is severely restricted.
China is a big aquaculture country and is the only breeding yield in the world exceedingThe country of fishing production, where pond culture plays an important role in whole freshwater aquaculture. In pond culture water, water quality is often polluted and deteriorated due to accumulation generated inside a pond and introduction of some toxic and harmful substances from the outside. The deterioration of water quality is mainly manifested by pH value, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and ammonia Nitrogen (NH)4 +-N), Nitrite (NO)2 -N) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), which can not only destroy the normal functions of gills, breathing and circulatory systems of the fishes and shrimps, but also suffocate or kill the fishes and shrimps in severe cases. In addition, diseases can be induced and spread by various pathogenic bacteria and harmful protozoa in the pond, and huge losses can be caused to farmers. In addition, excessive organic matters, nitrite, sulfide, ammonia nitrogen and the like can consume a large amount of dissolved oxygen in the water body, so that the environment is anoxic. The low oxygen environment can cause the microorganisms to generate anaerobic respiration and anaerobic decomposition, so that more harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia are generated, and the water quality is further deteriorated.
Basalt is a basic eruption rock, hard in texture, high in durability, and many joints (gaps), and many joint surfaces are pentagonal or hexagonal to form columnar joints. The main components of the composite material are silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide. Basalt is mostly used as a steel casting lubricant, a drying agent, a catalyst, a building material and the like, and is not applied to water quality treatment at present. The chitosan is sometimes used for sewage treatment, and is not yet applied to a water quality modifier.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to apply the basalt powder and the chitosan agent to the water quality improver so as to provide the water quality improver for the culture pond, which has high mechanical strength and good stability and can be used for a long time. The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the water quality modifier for the culture pond comprises, by weight, 5-10 parts of raw material sodium thiosulfate, 20-30 parts of a microbial preparation, 40-50 parts of basalt powder, 30-40 parts of a chitosan agent and 10-15 parts of calcium peroxide. The sodium thiosulfate has the functions of removing chlorine and chloramine, and the calcium peroxide has the function of increasing oxygen in the water body.
The further technical proposal is that the chitosan agent is chitosan or chitosan derivatives.
The further technical scheme is that the chitosan derivative is one of carboxymethyl chitosan, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, xanthated chitosan, ethyl acrylate grafted chitosan, N-alkylated chitosan and succinyl chitosan.
The further technical scheme is that the microbial preparation comprises one or more of bacillus, lactobacillus, yeast, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria and streptococcus faecalis which are mixed in any proportion.
The bacillus can degrade the excrement, residual feed, planktonic algae corpse and sludge of aquatic animals in the water body, produce inorganic salts such as nitrate and the like, reduce the chemical oxygen demand and the biological oxygen demand in the water body, and reduce ammonia Nitrogen (NH) in the water body4 +-N), nitrous acid Nitrogen (NO)2 --N) and sulfide concentration. The Lactobacillus anaerobic flora forms lactic acid by taking saccharide, inhibits the activity of harmful microorganism, has bactericidal effect, can inhibit the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and the putrefaction of inorganic substances, can decompose organic substances such as lignin, cellulose and the like, and is beneficial to the absorption of fishes and shrimps. The saccharomyces aerobic flora can provide proliferation substrates for lactobacillus, actinomycetes and the like and provide single cell protein for fishes and shrimps. The photosynthetic bacteria can absorb a large amount of feces, residual bait hydrogen sulfide and other harmful substances in the water body and inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. The nitrifying bacteria can convert ammonia or amino acid decomposed or synthesized by saprophytic bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria into nitrate and nitrite in water environment, so that toxic components in water body and bottom mud are converted into nontoxic components. The fecal streptococcus can inhibit pathogenic bacteria, enhance the disease resistance of aquatic animals, rapidly degrade excrement, residual feed, planktonic algae corpses and sludge of the aquatic animals in a water body, produce inorganic salts such as nitrate and the like, reduce the chemical oxygen demand and the biological oxygen demand in water and provide various nutrient substances for the aquatic animals.
The further technical scheme is that the bacillus is one or a mixture of more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus cereus, bacillus abyssinicus, bacillus potato, bacillus bakeri and bacillus natto in any proportion.
The further technical scheme is that the yeast is one or two of beer yeast and fatty yeast mixed in any proportion, and the nitrifying bacteria are nitrate bacteria and nitrite bacteria mixed in any proportion.
A preparation method of the water quality improver for the culture pond sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving chitosan agent in acetic acid to prepare chitosan solution;
(2) and (3) oscillating and mixing the chitosan solution with basalt powder, sodium thiosulfate, a microbial preparation and calcium peroxide, and drying at low temperature to prepare the modifying agent.
The further technical scheme is that the concentration of the chitosan agent in the chitosan solution is 2mg/mL-10mg/mL, the mass concentration of acetic acid in the acetic acid solution is 0.5% -1.5%, and the pH value of the chitosan solution is 6-7.
The further technical scheme is that the particle size of the basalt powder is 15-20 meshes.
The further technical scheme is that the oscillation frequency is 2-5Hz, the low-temperature drying temperature is-4 ℃ to 4 ℃, and the low-temperature drying time is 2-5 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the water quality modifier for the culture pond, disclosed by the invention, provides a carrier or a residence for microbial thalli by combining the basalt powder and the chitosan agent, and avoids the loss of the microbial thalli, so that the biological activity and the utilization rate of the microbial thalli are improved, and meanwhile, the water quality modifier also plays a role in protecting the thalli so as to avoid the influence of external environment, such as pH, temperature, substrate concentration, organic solvent, toxic substances and the like.
(2) The water quality modifier for the culture pond, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the mechanical strength and the stability, durability and durability of the water quality modifier are improved due to the addition of the basalt powder.
(3) Compared with the water quality modifier for the culture pond, which is prepared from chitosan, the chitosan derivative can improve the pH value and dissolved oxygen in water; can reduce ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and sulfide in the water body.
(4) The preparation method of the water quality improver for the culture pond is simple, easy to operate and suitable for large-scale production.
(5) The water quality improver for the culture pond is suitable for seawater and freshwater culture.
Detailed Description
For clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the present invention, it is obvious that the inventor combines the embodiments to describe, but the following embodiments describe only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The water quality improver for the culture pond comprises, by weight, 5 parts of raw material sodium thiosulfate, 20 parts of microbial preparation, 40 parts of basalt powder, 30 parts of chitosan and 10 parts of calcium peroxide.
The microbial preparation is prepared by mixing bacillus, lactobacillus, saccharomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria and streptococcus faecalis in any proportion. The bacillus is the mixture of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, deep sea bacillus, bacillus bakeri and bacillus natto in any proportion. The yeast is beer yeast, and the nitrifying bacteria are nitrate bacteria and nitrite bacteria mixed in any proportion.
Example 2
The water quality improver for the culture pond comprises, by weight, 10 parts of raw materials of sodium thiosulfate, 30 parts of a microbial preparation, 50 parts of basalt powder, 40 parts of xanthated chitosan and 15 parts of calcium peroxide.
The microbial preparation is prepared by mixing bacillus, yeast, nitrobacteria and streptococcus faecalis in any proportion. The bacillus is prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus cereus in any proportion. The yeast is fatty yeast, and the nitrifying bacteria are nitrate bacteria and nitrite bacteria mixed in any proportion.
Example 3
The water quality improver for the culture pond comprises 8 parts by weight of raw material sodium thiosulfate, 25 parts by weight of microbial preparation, 45 parts by weight of basalt powder, 35 parts by weight of succinyl chitosan and 12 parts by weight of calcium peroxide.
The microbial preparation is prepared by mixing yeast, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria and streptococcus faecalis in any proportion.
The yeast is beer yeast and fatty yeast mixed in any proportion, and the nitrifying bacteria are nitrate bacteria and nitrite bacteria mixed in any proportion.
Example 4
The water quality improver for the culture pond comprises, by weight, 5 parts of raw material sodium thiosulfate, 20 parts of microbial preparation, 40 parts of basalt powder, 30 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan and 10 parts of calcium peroxide.
The microbial preparation is prepared by mixing bacillus, lactobacillus, saccharomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria and streptococcus faecalis in any proportion. The bacillus is the mixture of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, deep sea bacillus, bacillus bakeri and bacillus natto in any proportion. The yeast is beer yeast, and the nitrifying bacteria are nitrate bacteria and nitrite bacteria mixed in any proportion.
Example 5
The water quality improver for the culture pond comprises, by weight, 5 parts of raw material sodium thiosulfate, 20 parts of microbial preparation, 40 parts of basalt powder, 30 parts of ethyl acrylate grafted chitosan and 10 parts of calcium peroxide.
The microbial preparation is prepared by mixing bacillus, lactobacillus, saccharomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria and streptococcus faecalis in any proportion. The bacillus is the mixture of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, deep sea bacillus, bacillus bakeri and bacillus natto in any proportion. The yeast is beer yeast, and the nitrifying bacteria are nitrate bacteria and nitrite bacteria mixed in any proportion.
The preparation method of the water quality improver for the culture pond in the embodiment 1-5 sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving chitosan agent in acetic acid to prepare chitosan solution;
(2) and (3) oscillating and mixing the chitosan solution with basalt powder, sodium thiosulfate, a microbial preparation and calcium peroxide, and drying at low temperature to prepare the modifying agent.
The concentration of the chitosan agent in the chitosan solution is 2mg/mL, the mass concentration of acetic acid in the acetic acid solution is 0.5%, and the pH value of the chitosan solution is 6. The particle size of the basalt powder is 15 meshes. The oscillation frequency is 2Hz, the low-temperature drying temperature is-4 ℃, and the low-temperature drying time is 2 h.
Comparative example 1
The raw basalt powder of example 1 was replaced with kaolin, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
The water quality improver for the culture pond comprises, by weight, 5 parts of raw materials of sodium thiosulfate, 20 parts of a microbial preparation, 40 parts of kaolin, 30 parts of chitosan and 10 parts of calcium peroxide.
The microbial preparation is prepared by mixing bacillus, lactobacillus, saccharomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria and streptococcus faecalis in any proportion. The bacillus is the mixture of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, deep sea bacillus, bacillus bakeri and bacillus natto in any proportion. The yeast is beer yeast, and the nitrifying bacteria are nitrate bacteria and nitrite bacteria mixed in any proportion.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the example 1, the modifier raw material does not contain chitosan, and the rest is the same as the example 1.
The water quality improver for the culture pond comprises, by weight, 5 parts of raw material sodium thiosulfate, 20 parts of microbial preparation, 40 parts of basalt powder and 10 parts of calcium peroxide.
The microbial preparation is prepared by mixing bacillus, lactobacillus, saccharomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria and streptococcus faecalis in any proportion. The bacillus is the mixture of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, deep sea bacillus, bacillus bakeri and bacillus natto in any proportion. The yeast is beer yeast, and the nitrifying bacteria are nitrate bacteria and nitrite bacteria mixed in any proportion.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the water quality improver for the culture pond in the embodiment 1 sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving chitosan agent in acetic acid to prepare chitosan solution;
(2) and (3) oscillating and mixing the chitosan solution with basalt powder, sodium thiosulfate, a microbial preparation and calcium peroxide, and drying at low temperature to prepare the modifying agent.
The concentration of the chitosan agent in the chitosan solution is 2mg/mL, the mass concentration of acetic acid in the acetic acid solution is 0.5%, and the pH value of the chitosan solution is 6. The particle size of the basalt powder is 15 meshes. The oscillation frequency is 2Hz, the low-temperature drying temperature is-8 ℃, and the low-temperature drying time is 2 h.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method of the water quality improver for the culture pond in the embodiment 1 sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving chitosan agent in acetic acid to prepare chitosan solution;
(2) and (3) oscillating and mixing the chitosan solution with basalt powder, sodium thiosulfate, a microbial preparation and calcium peroxide, and drying at low temperature to prepare the modifying agent.
The concentration of the chitosan agent in the chitosan solution is 2mg/mL, the mass concentration of acetic acid in the acetic acid solution is 0.5%, and the pH value of the chitosan solution is 6. The particle size of the basalt powder is 15 meshes. The oscillation frequency is 2Hz, the low-temperature drying temperature is 5 ℃, and the low-temperature drying time is 2 h.
Water quality detection
A4.5 mu prawn culture pond is divided into 9 small ponds, 8ppm (namely 0.008 g of modifying agent per liter of water) of the water modifying agent for the culture pond described in the embodiments 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-4 are respectively put into the 9 small ponds, and the pH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and sulfide of water are measured after 5 days.
As is clear from examples 1 to 5 in Table 1, the pH values and dissolved oxygen were increased and the amounts of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and sulfide were decreased after the aqueous modifier was added in examples 1 to 5, as compared with before the aqueous modifier was added.
As can be seen from the example 1 and the comparative example 1, compared with kaolin, the basalt powder has better combination degree with chitosan, and is more suitable for the survival of thalli to improve the activity of the thalli; and after the modifier is put into the culture pond for 5 days, the pH value and the dissolved oxygen are higher than those of the proportion 1, and the ammonia nitrogen, the nitrite nitrogen and the sulfide are lower than those of the proportion 1, so that the water quality modifier for the culture pond, which is prepared by adding the basalt powder, has a better stable and lasting improvement effect than adding the kaolin.
In comparative example 2, the crushed basalt has certain adsorbability and can adsorb microbial thalli, but the adsorption is not firm, so that partial thalli fall off, and the activity and the survival rate of the thalli are reduced.
The low-temperature drying temperatures of comparative examples 3 and 4 are-8 ℃ and 5 ℃, respectively, compared with example 1, the pH value and dissolved oxygen in the water body of comparative examples 3 and 4 are reduced, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and sulfide are all higher than that of example 1, and it can be seen that the activity and survival rate of thalli are affected by overhigh or overlow low temperature drying temperature, so that the increase of the pH value is affected, and the biological oxygen demand (reduced dissolved oxygen), ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and sulfide in the water body are increased.
TABLE 1
As is clear from example 1 (chitosan) and examples 4 to 5 (chitosan derivatives), since the chitosan derivative is a large amount of free-NH in the chitosan molecule2OH can form cage-shaped molecules with a similar net structure through hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds, and the basalt powder with a natural gap mechanism is combined, so that the water quality modifier forms a thallus living place with high stability and mechanical strength, and further the living place is improvedHigh activity of thallus. Chitosan has a straight-chain molecular structure, and is combined with basalt powder, so that the chitosan derivative is not as easy to adsorb microbial thalli in a net structure, and further, the activity and the survival rate of the thalli are reduced due to the fact that part of the thalli are dispersed in a water body. Therefore, after the water quality modifier is added, the pH value and dissolved oxygen in the water body of example 1 are lower than those of examples 4-5, and the ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and sulfide are higher than those of examples 4-5.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The water quality improver for the culture pond is characterized in that: the modifier comprises, by weight, 5-10 parts of raw material sodium thiosulfate, 20-30 parts of microbial preparation, 40-50 parts of basalt powder, 30-40 parts of chitosan agent and 10-15 parts of calcium peroxide.
2. The water quality improver for the culture pond according to claim 1, wherein: the chitosan agent is chitosan or a chitosan derivative.
3. The water quality improver for the culture pond according to claim 2, wherein: the chitosan derivative is one of carboxymethyl chitosan, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, xanthated chitosan, ethyl acrylate grafted chitosan, N-alkylated chitosan and succinyl chitosan.
4. The water quality improver for the culture pond according to claim 1, wherein: the microbial preparation comprises one or more of bacillus, lactobacillus, yeast, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria and streptococcus faecalis which are mixed in any proportion.
5. The water quality improver for the culture pond according to claim 1, wherein: the bacillus is one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus cereus, bacillus abyssinica, bacillus potato, bacillus bakeri and bacillus natto which are mixed in any proportion.
6. The water quality improver for the culture pond according to claim 1, wherein: the yeast is one or two of beer yeast and fatty yeast mixed in any proportion, and the nitrifying bacteria are nitrate bacteria and nitrite bacteria mixed in any proportion.
7. A method for preparing a water quality improver for culture ponds according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that: the method sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving chitosan agent in acetic acid to prepare chitosan solution;
(2) and (3) oscillating and mixing the chitosan solution with basalt powder, sodium thiosulfate, a microbial preparation and calcium peroxide, and drying at low temperature to prepare the modifying agent.
8. The method for preparing the water quality improver for the culture pond according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concentration of the chitosan agent in the chitosan solution is 2mg/mL-10mg/mL, the mass concentration of acetic acid in the acetic acid solution is 0.5% -1.5%, and the pH value of the chitosan solution is 6-7.
9. The method for preparing the water quality improver for the culture pond according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the particle size of the basalt powder is 15-20 meshes.
10. The method for preparing the water quality improver for the culture pond according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the oscillation frequency is 2-5Hz, the low-temperature drying temperature is-4 ℃ to 4 ℃, and the low-temperature drying time is 2-5 h.
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