CN113650390A - 一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113650390A
CN113650390A CN202111020491.2A CN202111020491A CN113650390A CN 113650390 A CN113650390 A CN 113650390A CN 202111020491 A CN202111020491 A CN 202111020491A CN 113650390 A CN113650390 A CN 113650390A
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antibacterial
fouling
leather
layer
fabric
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CN113650390B (zh
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张传贵
刘祥祥
吴昆明
李伟
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Gaofan Zhejiang Information Technology Co Ltd
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Gaofan Zhejiang Information Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，属于面料技术领域，所述面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：(1)制备皮革层：将人造皮革经过蒸汽祛味处理后，再经过活化处理，获得活化的皮革层；(2)制备柔性层：将抑菌棉纤维和抗污棉纤维以及聚酯纤维揉成丝线，通过缝纫设备织造，获得柔性层；(3)复合面料：将所述皮革层和柔性层在同一环境下进行蒸汽处理后，在皮革层的糙面均匀涂覆黏着剂，将柔性层和皮革层的糙面进行热压复合形成抑菌抗污面料。本发明制备的抑菌抗污面料，外层为经过处理的人造皮革，油污沾染便于清除，内层为经过抑菌棉纤维和抗污棉纤维以及聚酯纤维制造而成的柔性层，柔软且抑菌能力强，且质量轻。

Description

一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于面料技术领域，具体涉及一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法。
背景技术
棉的特点是吸湿力强，棉纤维是多孔性物质，内部分子排列很不规则，且分子中含有大量的亲水结构。棉纤维是热的不良导体，棉纤维的内腔充满了不流动的空气，穿着舒适且不会产生静电，透气性良好，防敏感，容易清洗。但是棉纤维作为天然纤维，抑菌能力差，且由于其吸湿力强，贴身时容易沾染皮肤脱落物或油脂，极易产生细菌。人造皮革，是在纺织布基或无纺布基上，由各种不同配方的PVC和PU等发泡或覆膜加工制作而成，可以根据不同强度和色彩、光泽、花纹图案等要求加工制成，具有花色品种繁多、防水性能好、抗污能力强，但由于添加剂过多，不能贴肤穿着，现在多将人造皮革和绒布复合，类似皮夹克，仍然存在人造皮革复合布质量较重，且易老化，异味重的缺点。因此，提出一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的就在于为了解决上述问题而提供一种设计合理的一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现上述目的：
本发明提供了一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，所述面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)制备皮革层：将人造皮革经过蒸汽祛味处理后，再经过活化处理，获得活化的皮革层；
(2)制备柔性层：将抑菌棉纤维和抗污棉纤维以及聚酯纤维揉成丝线，通过缝纫设备织造，获得柔性层；
(3)复合面料：将所述皮革层和柔性层在同一环境下进行蒸汽处理后，在皮革层的糙面均匀涂覆黏着剂，将柔性层和皮革层的糙面进行热压复合形成抑菌抗污面料。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述步骤(1)中，人造皮革经过活化处理后，在皮革的亮面涂覆防老化剂。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述防老化剂由三羧基苯硼酸、超支化聚酯丙烯酸酯、交联剂组成。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述步骤(1)中活化处理包括酸洗和催化，具体为：将人造皮革采用混合酸溶液进行酸洗处理，然后人造皮革放入催化剂中浸渍。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述混合酸溶液中水杨酸体积浓度为5-10％、透明质酸体积浓度为20-30％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述催化剂为氯化铵、磷酸氢二铵中的其中一种。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述柔性层中包括40-45％抑菌棉纤维和40-45％抗污棉纤维以及10-20％聚酯纤维。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述抑菌棉纤维为将棉纤维浸泡在纳米铜-银溶液中获得，所述纳米铜-银粒子的质量占抑菌棉纤维总质量的0.010-0.015‰，所述抗污棉纤维为将棉纤维浸泡在纳米二氧化钛和纳米二氧化硅溶液中获得，所述纳米二氧化钛粒子和纳米二氧化硅粒子的质量分别占抑菌棉纤维总质量的0.02-0.05‰。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述步骤(3)中蒸汽处理，具体为：采用质量百分比5-10％肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、10-20％洗洁精和70-90％水的混合溶液作为蒸汽。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述蒸汽处理在1.4-1.7MPa环境下进行。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，在将人造皮革和主要成分为棉纤维的柔性层复合热压之前，通过蒸汽去除人造皮革的异味，防止后期蒸汽处理人造皮革自带的异味影响蒸汽气氛，将经过活化的人造皮革和防老化剂结合，可以增加人造皮革的防老化和防刮性能，采用抑菌棉纤维和抗污棉纤维以及聚酯纤维作为贴肤面料，可以防止细菌滋生，同时使其具有自洁功能；本发明将人造皮革和柔性层复合，在同一蒸汽环境下进行蒸汽，可以交换使得两种面料表面气氛相同，使得两种面料的收缩率接近，使得热压复合后，减小整体面料的收缩率；本发明人造皮革在外，油污沾染便于清除，柔性层在内，柔软且抑菌能力强，且质量轻。
具体实施方式
下面对本申请作进一步详细描述，有必要在此指出的是，以下具体实施方式只用于对本申请进行进一步的说明，不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制，该领域的技术人员可以根据上述申请内容对本申请作出一些非本质的改进和调整。
实施例1
本实施例的抑菌抗污面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)制备皮革层：将人造皮革PU经过蒸汽祛味处理后，将人造皮革PU采用水杨酸体积浓度为5％以及透明质酸体积浓度为30％的混合酸溶液进行酸洗处理，然后人造皮革PU放入氯化铵溶液中浸渍，降低人造皮革PU的活化能，提供活化位点，再在皮革的亮面涂覆防老化剂，获得活化的皮革层；
(2)制备柔性层：将40％抑菌棉纤维和40％抗污棉纤维以及20％聚酯纤维揉成丝线，通过缝纫设备织造，获得柔性层；
(3)复合面料：将皮革层和柔性层在同一环境下进行蒸汽处理，采用质量百分比5％肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、10％洗洁精和85％水的混合溶液作为蒸汽，且蒸汽处理在在1.4-1.7MPa环境下进行，蒸汽处理后在皮革层的糙面均匀涂覆黏着剂，将柔性层和皮革层的糙面进行热压复合形成抑菌抗污面料。
其中，防老化剂由三羧基苯硼酸、超支化聚酯丙烯酸酯、交联剂组成。
抑菌棉纤维为将棉纤维浸泡在纳米铜-银溶液中获得，纳米铜-银粒子的质量占抑菌棉纤维总质量的0.015‰，抗污棉纤维为将棉纤维浸泡在纳米二氧化钛和纳米二氧化硅溶液中获得，纳米二氧化钛粒子和纳米二氧化硅粒子的质量分别占抑菌棉纤维总质量的0.02‰。
实施例2
本实施例的抑菌抗污面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)制备皮革层：将人造皮革PU经过蒸汽祛味处理后，将人造皮革PU采用水杨酸体积浓度为5％以及透明质酸体积浓度为30％的混合酸溶液进行酸洗处理，然后人造皮革PU放入氯化铵溶液中浸渍，降低人造皮革PU的活化能，提供活化位点，再在皮革的亮面涂覆防老化剂，获得活化的皮革层；其它步骤同实施例1。
实施例3
本实施例的抑菌抗污面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)制备皮革层：将人造皮革PU经过蒸汽祛味处理后，将人造皮革PU采用水杨酸体积浓度为10％以及透明质酸体积浓度为20％的混合酸溶液进行酸洗处理，然后人造皮革PU放入氯化铵溶液中浸渍，降低人造皮革PU的活化能，提供活化位点，再在皮革的亮面涂覆防老化剂，获得活化的皮革层；
其它步骤同实施例1。
实施例4
本实施例的抑菌抗污面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)制备皮革层：将人造皮革PU经过蒸汽祛味处理后，将人造皮革PU采用水杨酸体积浓度为10％以及透明质酸体积浓度为20％的混合酸溶液进行酸洗处理，然后人造皮革PU放入氯化铵溶液中浸渍，降低人造皮革PU的活化能，提供活化位点，再在皮革的亮面涂覆防老化剂，获得活化的皮革层；
(2)制备柔性层：将40％抑菌棉纤维和40％抗污棉纤维以及20％聚酯纤维揉成丝线，通过缝纫设备织造，获得柔性层；
(3)复合面料：将皮革层和柔性层在同一环境下进行蒸汽处理，采用质量百分比10％肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、20％洗洁精和70％水的混合溶液作为蒸汽，且蒸汽处理在在1.4-1.7MPa环境下进行，蒸汽处理后在皮革层的糙面均匀涂覆黏着剂，将柔性层和皮革层的糙面进行热压复合形成抑菌抗污面料。
其中，防老化剂由三羧基苯硼酸、超支化聚酯丙烯酸酯、交联剂组成。
抑菌棉纤维为将棉纤维浸泡在纳米铜-银溶液中获得，纳米铜-银粒子的质量占抑菌棉纤维总质量的0.010‰，抗污棉纤维为将棉纤维浸泡在纳米二氧化钛和纳米二氧化硅溶液中获得，纳米二氧化钛粒子和纳米二氧化硅粒子的质量分别占抑菌棉纤维总质量的0.05‰。
对比例1
本对比例的抑菌抗污面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)制备皮革层：将人造皮革PU采用水杨酸体积浓度为10％以及透明质酸体积浓度为20％的混合酸溶液进行酸洗处理，然后人造皮革PU放入氯化铵溶液中浸渍，降低人造皮革PU的活化能，提供活化位点，再在皮革的亮面涂覆防老化剂，获得活化的皮革层；其余步骤同实施例4。
对比例2
本对比例的抑菌抗污面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)制备皮革层：将人造皮革PU经过蒸汽祛味处理后，再在皮革的亮面涂覆防老化剂，获得皮革层；其余步骤同实施例4。
对比例3
本对比例的抑菌抗污面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
其中，步骤(2)制备柔性层：将80％抑菌棉纤维以及20％聚酯纤维揉成丝线，通过缝纫设备织造，获得柔性层；其余同实施例4。
对比例4
本对比例的抑菌抗污面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
其中，步骤(2)制备柔性层：将80％抗污棉纤维以及20％聚酯纤维揉成丝线，通过缝纫设备织造，获得柔性层；其余同实施例4。
对比例5
本对比例的抑菌抗污面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
其中，步骤(3)复合面料：在皮革层的糙面均匀涂覆黏着剂，将柔性层和皮革层的糙面进行热压复合形成抑菌抗污面料。其余同实施例4。
对比例6
本对比例的抑菌抗污面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
其中，步骤(3)复合面料：将皮革层和柔性层分别进行蒸汽处理，采用质量百分比5％肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、10％洗洁精和85％水的混合溶液作为蒸汽，且蒸汽处理在在1.4-1.7MPa环境下进行，蒸汽处理后在皮革层的糙面均匀涂覆黏着剂，将柔性层和皮革层的糙面进行热压复合形成抑菌抗污面料。其余同实施例4。
对比例7
其中，步骤(3)复合面料：将皮革层和柔性层在同一环境下进行普通蒸汽处理，蒸汽处理后在皮革层的糙面均匀涂覆黏着剂，将柔性层和皮革层的糙面进行热压复合形成抑菌抗污面料。其余同实施例4。
对比例8
本对比例的抑菌抗污面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)制备皮革层：将人造皮革PU经过蒸汽祛味处理后，将人造皮革PU采用水杨酸体积浓度为5％以及透明质酸体积浓度为30％的混合酸溶液进行酸洗处理，然后人造皮革PU放入氯化铵溶液中浸渍，降低人造皮革PU的活化能，提供活化位点，再在皮革的亮面涂覆紫外线吸收剂UV-SK，获得活化的皮革层；其余同实施例4。
将实施例1-4和对比例1-8制备的面料进行以下测试：
1、测量相同厚度、面积的面料的质量，其中对比例9采用市场上人造皮革与绒布复合而成的面料；
2、将面料切成小块放入培养基中，培养24h，通过抑菌圈半径的大小体现该制备方法抑菌效果；
3、将面料的外面和里面绷直，垂直状态下分别滴上油污，然后对采用免洗洗涤液对外面进行擦拭，采用洗衣液对里面进行清洗然后太阳下晾晒，以油污残留印记深浅10-0体现抗污结果。
表1实施例1-4和对比1-8方法制备的面料测试结果
项目 质量/g 抗污/外面 抗污/里面 抑菌/mm 收缩率/％
实施例1 1005 2 0 7.8 -3.2
实施例2 1004 0 0 9.1 -2.5
实施例3 1004 0 0 9.7 -2.6
实施例4 1005 0 0 10.2 -2.2
对比例1 1006 1 0 10.1 -3.3
对比例2 1007 2 0 8.4 -5.1
对比例3 1009 0 6 6.3 -2.4
对比例4 1005 0 1 5.2 -2.2
对比例5 1008 0 1 9.9 -4.6
对比例6 1004 0 0 10.3 -3.9
对比例7 1006 0 0 9.8 -3.4
对比例8 1005 0 0 7.7 -2.9
对比例9 1322 3 8 无抑菌圈产生 -4.6
通过上表可看出，本发明制备的抗菌抗污面料相对于市售的人造皮革复合绒布面料质量较轻；通过实施例1-4中发现，防老化剂对外面的抗污能力产生一定的影响，通过对比例1-9对比可知，人造皮革初始异味颗粒会对抗污能力产生影响，且对比例2中抗污能力相对较差，经过活化处理的人造皮革抗污能力较强，推测可能是经过活化处理的人造皮革活化能降低，更易和防老化剂结合，在后续处理中更容易渗透，根据以上推测，进一步对实施例1、4以及对比例8、9进行了刮蹭试验，刮蹭程度对比例9>实施例1>对比例8>实施例4；在进行实施例1-4的油污试验中还发现，柔性层滴上油污后采用洗衣液清洗，在太阳下晾晒的油污消失的速度快，而且无印记，当光照条件不佳时，柔性层上仍然会显示淡淡的印记；通过实施例1-4和对比例1-9抑菌结果可知，本发明中个步骤均具备抑菌效果；通过实施例1-4和对比例1-9收缩率结果可看出，不同的蒸汽处理会对面料的收缩率产生影响。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述面料包括皮革层和柔性层，制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)制备皮革层：将人造皮革经过蒸汽祛味处理后，再经过活化处理，获得活化的皮革层；
(2)制备柔性层：将抑菌棉纤维和抗污棉纤维以及聚酯纤维揉成丝线，通过缝纫设备织造，获得柔性层；
(3)复合面料：将所述皮革层和柔性层在同一环境下进行蒸汽处理后，在皮革层的糙面均匀涂覆黏着剂，将柔性层和皮革层的糙面进行热压复合形成抑菌抗污面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中，人造皮革经过活化处理后，在皮革的亮面涂覆防老化剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述防老化剂由三羧基苯硼酸、超支化聚酯丙烯酸酯、交联剂组成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中活化处理包括酸洗和催化，具体为：将人造皮革采用混合酸溶液进行酸洗处理，然后人造皮革放入催化剂中浸渍。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述混合酸溶液中水杨酸体积浓度为5-10％、透明质酸体积浓度为20-30％。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述催化剂为氯化铵、磷酸氢二铵中的其中一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述柔性层中包括40-45％抑菌棉纤维和40-45％抗污棉纤维以及10-20％聚酯纤维。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述抑菌棉纤维为将棉纤维浸泡在纳米铜-银溶液中获得，所述纳米铜-银粒子的质量占抑菌棉纤维总质量的0.010-0.015‰，所述抗污棉纤维为将棉纤维浸泡在纳米二氧化钛和纳米二氧化硅溶液中获得，所述纳米二氧化钛粒子和纳米二氧化硅粒子的质量分别占抑菌棉纤维总质量的0.01-0.02％。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)中蒸汽处理，具体为：采用质量百分比5-10％肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、10-20％洗洁精和70-90％水的混合溶液作为蒸汽。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种抑菌抗污面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述蒸汽处理在1.4-1.7MPa环境下进行。
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