CN110965313A - 一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺 - Google Patents

一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺 Download PDF

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CN110965313A
CN110965313A CN201911208205.8A CN201911208205A CN110965313A CN 110965313 A CN110965313 A CN 110965313A CN 201911208205 A CN201911208205 A CN 201911208205A CN 110965313 A CN110965313 A CN 110965313A
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grey cloth
polar fleece
knitted fabric
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沈长庆
陈秋平
何松严
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Shaoxing Henghui Cloth Industry Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺，涉及摇粒绒针织布生产的技术领域，包括以下工艺步骤：S1：将原料丝线浸入复合碱液中，并在50～60℃下浸泡5～15min后，清水冲洗2～3次后，烘干备用；S2：将经过原料丝织造得到坯布；S3：对织造后的坯布检验，去除次品坯布；S4：经检验后的坯布表面喷涂结合剂，并烘干备用；S5：将检验后的坯布浸入起毛剂中，浸泡2～3h；S6：脱水烘干；通过上述5个步骤即可得到前处理后的坯布。本发明的具有提高布料的拉毛质量的优点。

Description

一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及摇粒绒针织布生产的技术领域，尤其是涉及一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺。
背景技术
摇粒绒由大圆机编织而成，织成后坯布先经染色，再经拉毛、梳毛、剪毛、摇粒等多种复杂工艺加工处理，面料正面拉毛，摇粒蓬松密集而又不易掉毛、起球，反面拉毛稀疏匀称，蓬松弹性特好。
现有的工艺如公开号为CN110079926A的中国发明专利公开了一种全棉摇粒绒面料及其生产工艺，包括纯棉的成圈纱线和毛圈纱线，成圈纱线采用长绒棉纱线，长度为33～42mm；毛圈纱线为起绒棉纱线，支数为16S/1～16S/2；成圈纱线沿布面纬线成圈排列，毛圈纱线周期地在成圈纱线的成圈上形成多个悬弧，且悬弧与成圈纱线交织，毛圈纱线在悬弧之间形成浮线，成圈纱线和毛圈纱线交织循环形成摇粒绒底布，摇粒绒面料由摇粒绒底布经过刷毛梳毛、剪毛、摇粒和热定型后制成。该发明采用纯棉的成圈纱线和毛圈纱线编织形成的全棉摇粒面料，穿着更加舒适、透气性能和亲肤性能也更好，提升了整个面料的服用性能；另一方面，纯棉纱线易降解，原料环保健康，不污染环境，也不会伤害人体健康。
上述中的现有技术方案存在以下缺陷：摇粒绒在刷毛、梳毛的过程中，刷毛和梳毛过程中拉毛装置与布料的纤维丝之间接触拉毛时，拉毛装置与纤维丝之间的摩擦阻力过小会使得部分纤维丝不易被拉毛装置拉毛起毛，容易从拉毛装置上滑落，从而使得拉毛的效率和拉毛的质量受到影响。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺，通过添加碱液预处理以及结合剂吸附，使得涤纶纤维丝表面的粗糙程度增加，拉毛效率和质量得到提高。
本发明的上述目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：
一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺，包括以下工艺步骤：
S1：将原料丝线浸入复合碱液中，并在50～60℃下浸泡5～15min后，清水冲洗2～3次后，烘干备用；
S2：将经过原料丝织造得到坯布；
S3：对织造后的坯布检验，去除次品坯布；
S4：经检验后的坯布表面喷涂结合剂，并烘干备用；
S5：将检验后的坯布浸入起毛剂中，浸泡2～3h；
S6：脱水烘干；
通过上述5个步骤即可得到前处理后的坯布。
通过采用上述技术方案，摇粒绒针织布的原料丝为涤纶纤维制成，涤纶原料丝线先通过复合碱液进行处理，复合碱液由于呈碱性，涤纶纤维在复合碱液中浸泡时，涤纶纤维上的油脂会在碱性条件下分解而溶解，从而使得涤纶纤维得到除油处理。同时由于碱性条件下，除了部分油脂的分解外，还有涤纶纤维丝表面的部分酯键也会发生断裂，从而使得涤纶纤维丝表面在微观上更加粗糙，具有的活性位点增多，然后再用处理后的丝线经过织造后得到的坯布在喷涂结合剂时，使得结合剂在涤纶纤维丝上的结合吸附牢固度增高，对于涤纶纤维丝表面的粗糙程度提高更多，使得涤纶纤维丝在浸过起毛剂后进行机械拉毛起毛时，坯布更加容易得到起毛作用。
本发明进一步设置为：所述复合碱液包括由以下重量份数的组分配制得到：
氢氧化钠 1～4份；
羟胺2-甲基吡啶 5～10份；
水 80～130份。
通过采用上述技术方案，氢氧化钠为强电解质，可以提供丰富的氢氧根离子，使得复合碱液具有较强的碱性，但是氢氧化钠的碱性过强，而羟胺2-甲基吡啶是一种有机碱，也可以提供一部分碱性，同时羟胺2-甲基吡啶的加入使得羟胺2-甲基吡啶在提供碱性的同时，其中的有机基团成分也会与涤纶纤维上由于碱性条件而水解产生的活性位点进行结合，从而提高涤纶纤维表面的有机基团扰度，方便结合剂的附着结合。
本发明进一步设置为：所述结合剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
Figure BDA0002297404780000021
Figure BDA0002297404780000031
通过采用上述技术方案，骨胶原蛋白和硝酸银可与水配制形成硝酸银溶胶体系，将其喷涂在坯布表面后，溶胶会在纤维丝上发生附着，且在涤纶纤维丝的活性位点附着的量更多，从而使得涤纶纤维丝表面的粗糙程度得到大量地增加，当坯布烘干后，当坯布在进行后续的拉毛起毛的过程中，坯布上的涤纶纤维丝更加容易被机械拉毛装置进行拉动，从而起毛更加顺畅。同时硝酸银溶胶中的银离子，会吸附在涤纶纤维丝表面，从而使得涤纶纤维丝具备抗菌的功效。
本发明进一步设置为：所述酸碱调节剂包括以下重量百分比的组分：
碳酸氢钠 20～40％；
碳酸钠 20～30％；
羟丙基甲基纤维素 30～60％。
通过采用上述技术方案，酸碱调节剂中的碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠缓冲体系可以使得结合剂在喷涂到涤纶纤维上时的酸碱度维持在一个弱碱性的环境中，使得。而在酸碱缓释剂中添加的羟丙基甲基纤维素可以作为酸碱缓释剂的骨架结构，起到对碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠的缓冲体系进行缓释的效果，使得酸碱度的调节作用可以维持较长的时间。
本发明进一步设置为：所述结合剂中还添加有十二烷基苯磺酸钠，所述结合剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
Figure BDA0002297404780000032
通过采用上述技术方案，在结合剂中添加十二烷基苯磺酸钠，十二烷基苯环酸钠是一种表面活性剂，其可以改变涤纶纤维表面的张力，使得结合剂中的骨胶原蛋白和硝酸银配置成的溶胶可以更好地在涤纶纤维丝表面展开，同时十二烷基苯环酸钠可以使得溶胶分散地更加均匀，从而形成涤纶纤维丝表面形成结合强度更好的附着层。
本发明进一步设置为：所述起毛剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
聚二甲基硅氧烷 10～15份；
改性有机硅乳液 20～30份；
脂肪族烷烃 10～15份。
通过采用上述技术方案，聚二甲基硅氧烷和改性有机硅乳液复配后得到的混合液具有协同的作用，使得有机硅氧烷表面活性剂对于涤纶纤维起到更好效果的柔软，同时脂肪族烷烃表面活性剂可以在一定程度上防止有机硅氧烷表面活性剂失效时，可以再次起到柔软坯布的作用。
本发明进一步设置为：所述改性有机硅乳液由包括以下重量百分比的组分制备得到：
Figure BDA0002297404780000041
本发明进一步设置为：所述改性有机硅通过乳液聚合法进行制备得到，步骤如下：
步骤a：将阳离子乳化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵与非离子型乳化剂AEO-9和AEO-3按比例溶于水中，然后逐滴加入八甲基环四硅氧烷，高速搅拌，然后加入N-β-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅，得到预乳液；
步骤b：将阳离子乳化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵与水混合后，加热至70～80℃，并加入四甲基氢氧化铵，搅拌均匀后得到混合液备用；
步骤c：将步骤a中得到的预乳液逐滴加入到步骤b中的混合液中，保温2～5h，然后加入冰醋酸至中性，即得到改性有机硅乳液。
通过采用上述技术方案，经过改性的有机硅乳液中分子的链长增长，可以有效地对涤纶纤维的柔软性进行提高，同时由于烷基的过多引入会使得空间位阻增大，导致氨基与环氧基的交联受到影响，从而使得涤纶纤维丝的弹性降低。涤纶丝的柔软度得到提高后，并且弹性减低后，涤纶纤维丝更加容易被拉毛断裂，从而提高起毛的效率。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、通过对涤纶纤维丝先用复合碱液进行处理，再用结合剂对纤维丝表面进行改性处理，从而使得纤维丝的粗糙程度提高，使得限位丝更加容易被拉毛处理；
2、通过采用起毛剂对布料进行柔软处理，使得布料表面的纤维丝被软化，更加容易被拉毛起毛处理，提高起毛效率。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明进行详细描述。
实施例1：
本发明公开的一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺，包括以下工艺步骤：
S1：将原料丝线浸入复合碱液中，并在50℃下浸泡5min后，清水冲洗2次后，烘干备用；复合碱液包括由以下重量份数的组分配制得到：氢氧化钠1份、羟胺2-甲基吡啶5份、水80份。
S2：将经过原料丝织造得到坯布；
S3：对织造后的坯布检验，去除次品坯布；
S4：经检验后的坯布表面喷涂结合剂，并烘干备用；结合剂包括以下重量份数的组分：骨胶原蛋白1份、硝酸银0.5份、酸碱调节剂0.1份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.3份、水100份。其中，酸碱调节剂包括以下重量百分比的组分：碳酸氢钠40％、碳酸钠30％、羟丙基甲基纤维素30％。
S5：将检验后的坯布浸入起毛剂中，浸泡2h；起毛剂包括以下重量份数的组分：聚二甲基硅氧烷10份、改性有机硅乳液20份、脂肪族烷烃10份。
其中，改性有机硅通过乳液聚合法进行制备得到，步骤如下：
步骤a：将阳离子乳化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵等分为两份，将水也等分为两份，然后将其中一份阳离子乳化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵与均为5重量份的非离子型乳化剂AEO-9和AEO-3溶于其中一份的水中，然后逐滴加入10重量份的八甲基环四硅氧烷，高速搅拌，然后加入5重量份的N-β-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅，得到预乳液；
步骤b：将另一份阳离子乳化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵与另一份的水混合后，加热至70℃，并加入10重量份的四甲基氢氧化铵，搅拌均匀后得到混合液备用；
步骤c：将步骤a中得到的预乳液逐滴加入到步骤b中的混合液中，保温2h，然后加入冰醋酸至中性，即得到改性有机硅乳液。
S6：脱水烘干；
通过上述5个步骤即可得到前处理后的坯布。
实施例2～5与实施例1的区别在于复合碱液中各组分按重量份数计为下表。
Figure BDA0002297404780000061
实施例6～9与实施例1的区别在于结合剂中各组分按重量份数计为下表。
Figure BDA0002297404780000062
实施例10～13与实施例1的区别在于中酸碱调节剂中各组分按重量百分比计为下表。
Figure BDA0002297404780000063
Figure BDA0002297404780000071
实施例14～17与实施例1的区别在于起毛剂中各组分按重量份数计为下表。
Figure BDA0002297404780000072
实施例18～21与实施例1的区别在于改性有机硅乳液中各原料按重量份数计为下表。
Figure BDA0002297404780000073
对比例
对比例1与实施例1的区别在于原料丝线未通过步骤S1进行处理；
对比例2与实施例1的区别在于坯布表面未喷涂结合剂；
对比例3与实施例1的区别在于起毛剂中未添加改性有机硅乳液。
检测方法
将实施例1、对比例1～3中的前处理工艺完成的布料进行拉毛，拉毛后对于布料表面的拉毛状况进行观测比较，其中绒毛均匀程度按1级到5级递增。
实施例 均匀程度
实施例1 5级
对比例1 2级
对比例2 3级
对比例3 4级
结论：通过上表的结果可以得知，实施例1分别与对比例1、2、3进行对比可以得知，复合碱液的处理、结合剂的喷涂以及起毛剂中改性有机硅乳液的添加对于布料拉毛起毛的质量都有一定的影响，其中复合碱液的处理对于拉毛质量的影响更高。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例，凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺，其特征在于，包括以下工艺步骤：
S1：将原料丝线浸入复合碱液中，并在50～60℃下浸泡5～15min后，清水冲洗2～3次后，烘干备用；
S2：将经过原料丝织造得到坯布；
S3：对织造后的坯布检验，去除次品坯布；
S4：经检验后的坯布表面喷涂结合剂，并烘干备用；
S5：将检验后的坯布浸入起毛剂中，浸泡2～3h；
S6：脱水烘干；
通过上述5个步骤即可得到前处理后的坯布。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺，其特征在于：所述复合碱液包括由以下重量份数的组分配制得到：
氢氧化钠 1～4份；
羟胺2-甲基吡啶 5～10份；
水 80～130份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺，其特征在于：所述结合剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
Figure FDA0002297404770000011
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺，其特征在于：所述酸碱调节剂包括以下重量百分比的组分：
碳酸氢钠 20～40％；
碳酸钠 20～30％；
羟丙基甲基纤维素 30～60％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺，其特征在于：所述结合剂中还添加有十二烷基苯磺酸钠，所述结合剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
Figure FDA0002297404770000012
Figure FDA0002297404770000021
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺，其特征在于：所述起毛剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
聚二甲基硅氧烷 10～15份；
改性有机硅乳液 20～30份；
脂肪族烷烃 10～15份。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺，其特征在于：所述改性有机硅乳液由包括以下重量百分比的组分制备得到：
Figure FDA0002297404770000022
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种摇粒绒针织布坯布的前处理工艺，其特征在于：所述改性有机硅通过乳液聚合法进行制备得到，步骤如下：
步骤a：将阳离子乳化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵与非离子型乳化剂AEO-9和AEO-3按比例溶于水中，然后逐滴加入八甲基环四硅氧烷，高速搅拌，然后加入N-β-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅，得到预乳液；
步骤b：将阳离子乳化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵与水混合后，加热至70～80℃，并加入四甲基氢氧化铵，搅拌均匀后得到混合液备用；
步骤c：将步骤a中得到的预乳液逐滴加入到步骤b中的混合液中，保温2～5h，然后加入冰醋酸至中性，即得到改性有机硅乳液。
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