CN113293608A - 一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法 - Google Patents

一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法 Download PDF

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CN113293608A
CN113293608A CN202110427719.3A CN202110427719A CN113293608A CN 113293608 A CN113293608 A CN 113293608A CN 202110427719 A CN202110427719 A CN 202110427719A CN 113293608 A CN113293608 A CN 113293608A
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antibacterial
fiber
deodorant
treatment method
fiber fabric
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吴昆明
张传贵
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Gaofan Zhejiang Information Technology Co Ltd
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Gaofan Zhejiang Information Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法，属于纤维面料技术领域，所述纤维面料包括外层基布层以及设于基布层内侧的抗菌除臭层，所述抗菌除臭层包括相互交错织造而成的经丝和纬丝，所述经丝为含有纳米铜‑银粒子的抗菌纤维，所述纳米铜‑银粒子的质量占抗菌纤维总质量的0.010‑0.015‰；所述纬丝为经抗菌除臭液处理的抗菌纤维；本发明相比较传统的纳米银粒子抗菌面料，较少的用量即可以具备良好的抗菌抑菌效果，抑菌除臭效果长久，并且不刺激皮肤，香气持久。

Description

一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法
技术领域
本发明属于纤维面料技术领域，具体涉及一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法。
背景技术
纤维面料因其具有轻质透气等优点，织成的布料等织物系列产品因其舒适性而使用广泛。但随着社会发展，人们对面料除了要求具有舒适性外，还要求面料具有多样性和美观性。其中抗菌除臭是其中的一个发展方向，普通织物暴露在空气中日久容易藏污纳垢，成为细菌滋生的温床，尤其遇到梅雨季节或者在潮湿的气候带下，细菌会快速繁殖，织物纤维被腐蚀，并散发出异味，危害使用者健康，市场现有的抗菌除臭面料，包括含有纳米银离子、除臭纱丝长期洗涤后其性能直线下降。因此，提出一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的就在于为了解决上述问题而提供一种结构简单，设计合理的一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现上述目的：
一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法，所述纤维面料包括外层基布层以及设于基布层内侧的抗菌除臭层，所述抗菌除臭层包括相互交错织造而成的经丝和纬丝，所述经丝为含有纳米铜-银粒子的抗菌纤维，所述纳米铜-银粒子的质量占抗菌纤维总质量的0.010-0.015‰；所述纬丝为经抗菌除臭液处理的抗菌纤维，所述抗菌除臭层的处理方法包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)：经丝处理：将抗菌纤维完全浸入含有纳米铜-银的抗菌液中浸泡，加入硬脂酸溶液经过微波处理后，清洗后低温烘干，获得经丝纤维；
步骤(2)：纬丝处理：将抗菌纤维完全浸入抗菌除臭液中浸泡，加入聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液经过微波处理后，清洗后低温烘干，获得纬丝纤维。
步骤(3)：将经丝纤维和纬丝纤维织造后，分别经过酸洗、碱洗、水洗，低温烘干后获得抗菌除臭层。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述纳米铜-银的抗菌液由光触媒、纳米铜-银复合粒子在PVP水溶液环境下复合而成。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述光触媒为纳米级二氧化钛或二氧化硅。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述抗菌除臭液的制备步骤如下：
步骤(21)：将桧木醇、半乳甘露聚糖和丝蛋白混合在适量冷水中，加入水解酶，形成混合物A；
步骤(22)：采用植物精油提取装置，获取香料植物的精油B；
步骤(23)：将混合物A和精油B混合，在50℃～60℃下搅拌10min～20min，形成所述抗菌除臭液。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述步骤(21)中桧木醇、半乳甘露聚糖、丝蛋白和水解酶的，按重量份数计，为(20-30)：(17-23)：(14-20)：(10-15)
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述香料植物包括薰衣草、薄荷、艾草、绿茶、迷迭香或具有抗菌效果且带香气的其它植物。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述步骤(1)和步骤(2)中的微波处理的微波频率为1000-2000MHz，处理时间为15-20min，温度为30-50℃。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述步骤(3)中的酸洗采用0.1-0.5mol/L的水杨酸，碱洗采用0.6-0.8mol/L的碳酸钠，酸洗和碱洗时间均为3-5min。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述抗菌纤维为棉纤维、竹炭纤维、粘胶纤维、氨纶或腈纶纤维中至少一种。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1、采用纳米铜-银粒子作为抗菌抑菌成分应用到纤维面料中，相比较传统的纳米银粒子抗菌面料，较少的用量即可以具备良好的抗菌抑菌效果；
2、本发明纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法处理的纤维面料，抑菌除臭效果长久，并且不刺激皮肤，香气持久。
具体实施方式
下面对本申请作进一步详细描述，有必要在此指出的是，以下具体实施方式只用于对本申请进行进一步的说明，不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制，该领域的技术人员可以根据上述申请内容对本申请作出一些非本质的改进和调整。
实施例1
本实施例的纤维面料包括外层基布层以及设于基布层内侧的抗菌除臭层，抗菌除臭层包括相互交错织造而成的经丝和纬丝，经丝为含有纳米铜-银粒子的抗菌纤维，纳米铜-银粒子的质量占抗菌纤维总质量的0.010‰；纬丝为经抗菌除臭液处理的抗菌纤维；纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)：经丝处理：将1kg抗菌纤维完全浸入含有纳米铜-银的抗菌液中浸泡，加入1kg质量分数为60％硬脂酸溶液，在30℃条件下，经过微波频率为1500MHz处理20min，微波处理后清洗几次，然后低温烘干，获得经丝纤维；
步骤(2)：纬丝处理：将1kg抗菌纤维完全浸入抗菌除臭液中浸泡，加入1kg质量分数为55％聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液，在40℃条件下，经过微波频率为1500MHz处理15min，微波处理后清洗几次，然后低温烘干，获得纬丝纤维。
步骤(3)：将经丝纤维和纬丝纤维织造后，分别经过0.2mol/L的水杨酸酸洗3min、0.6mol/L的碳酸钠碱洗3min、再经过水洗几次，低温烘干后获得抗菌除臭层。
步骤(4)：纤维面料的制备：将抗菌除臭层固定于基布层内侧，即得抗菌除臭的纤维面料。
其中，抗菌除臭液的制备步骤如下：
步骤(21)：将25份桧木醇、20份半乳甘露聚糖和16份丝蛋白混合在适量冷水中，加入10份水解酶，形成混合物A；
步骤(22)：采用植物精油提取装置，获取香料植物的精油B；
步骤(23)：将混合物A和5份精油B混合，在50℃下搅拌20min，形成抗菌除臭液。
实施例2
本实施例的纤维面料包括外层基布层以及设于基布层内侧的抗菌除臭层，抗菌除臭层包括相互交错织造而成的经丝和纬丝，经丝为含有纳米铜-银粒子的抗菌纤维，纳米铜-银粒子的质量占抗菌纤维总质量的0.012‰；纬丝为经抗菌除臭液处理的抗菌纤维；纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)：经丝处理：将1kg抗菌纤维完全浸入含有纳米铜-银的抗菌液中浸泡，加入1kg质量分数为60％硬脂酸溶液，在40℃条件下，经过微波频率为1200MHz处理20min，微波处理后清洗几次，然后低温烘干，获得经丝纤维；
步骤(2)：纬丝处理：将1kg抗菌纤维完全浸入抗菌除臭液中浸泡，加入2kg质量分数为55％聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液，在40℃条件下，经过微波频率为1500MHz处理15min，微波处理后清洗几次，然后低温烘干，获得纬丝纤维。
步骤(3)：将经丝纤维和纬丝纤维织造后，分别经过0.2mol/L的水杨酸酸洗3min、0.6mol/L的碳酸钠碱洗3min、再经过水洗几次，低温烘干后获得抗菌除臭层。
步骤(4)：纤维面料的制备：将抗菌除臭层固定于基布层内侧，即得抗菌除臭的纤维面料。
其中，抗菌除臭液的制备步骤如实施例1。
实施例3
本实施例的纤维面料包括外层基布层以及设于基布层内侧的抗菌除臭层，抗菌除臭层包括相互交错织造而成的经丝和纬丝，经丝为含有纳米铜-银粒子的抗菌纤维，纳米铜-银粒子的质量占抗菌纤维总质量的0.015‰；纬丝为经抗菌除臭液处理的抗菌纤维；纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)：经丝处理：将1kg抗菌纤维完全浸入含有纳米铜-银的抗菌液中浸泡，加入2kg质量分数为60％硬脂酸溶液，在30℃条件下，经过微波频率为1500MHz处理20min，微波处理后清洗几次，然后低温烘干，获得经丝纤维；
步骤(2)：纬丝处理：将1kg抗菌纤维完全浸入抗菌除臭液中浸泡，加入2kg质量分数为55％聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液，在40℃条件下，经过微波频率为2000MHz处理15min，微波处理后清洗几次，然后低温烘干，获得纬丝纤维。
步骤(3)：将经丝纤维和纬丝纤维织造后，分别经过0.3mol/L的水杨酸酸洗3min、0.8mol/L的碳酸钠碱洗3min、再经过水洗几次，低温烘干后获得抗菌除臭层。
步骤(4)：纤维面料的制备：将抗菌除臭层固定于基布层内侧，即得抗菌除臭的纤维面料。
其中，抗菌除臭液的制备步骤如实施例1。
对比例1
本实施例的纤维面料包括外层基布层以及设于基布层内侧的抗菌除臭层，抗菌除臭层包括相互交错织造而成的经丝和纬丝，经丝为含有纳米铜-银粒子的抗菌纤维，纳米铜-银粒子的质量占抗菌纤维总质量的0.016‰；纬丝为经抗菌除臭液处理的抗菌纤维；纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)：经丝处理：将1kg抗菌纤维完全浸入含有纳米铜-银的抗菌液中浸泡，加入2kg质量分数为60％硬脂酸溶液，在30℃条件下，经过微波频率为1800MHz处理20min，微波处理后清洗几次，然后低温烘干，获得经丝纤维；
步骤(2)：纬丝处理：将1kg抗菌纤维完全浸入抗菌除臭液中浸泡，加入2kg质量分数为55％聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液，在40℃条件下，经过微波频率为1800MHz处理15min，微波处理后清洗几次，然后低温烘干，获得纬丝纤维。
步骤(3)：将经丝纤维和纬丝纤维织造后，分别经过0.3mol/L的水杨酸酸洗3min、0.6mol/L的碳酸钠碱洗3min、再经过水洗几次，低温烘干后获得抗菌除臭层。
步骤(4)：纤维面料的制备：将抗菌除臭层固定于基布层内侧，即得抗菌除臭的纤维面料。
其中，抗菌除臭液的制备步骤如实施例1。
对比例2
本实施例的纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法无经丝处理步骤，其余步骤与实施例3相同。
对比例3
本实施例的纤维面料包括外层基布层以及设于基布层内侧的抗菌除臭层，抗菌除臭层包括相互交错织造而成的经丝和纬丝，经丝为含有纳米铜-银粒子的抗菌纤维，纳米铜-银粒子的质量占抗菌纤维总质量的0.014‰；纬丝为经抗菌除臭液处理的抗菌纤维；纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)：经丝处理：将1kg抗菌纤维完全浸入含有纳米铜-银的抗菌液中浸泡后清洗几次，然后低温烘干，获得经丝纤维；
步骤(2)：纬丝处理：将1kg抗菌纤维完全浸入抗菌除臭液中浸泡，加入2kg质量分数为55％聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液，在40℃条件下，经过微波频率为2000MHz处理15min，微波处理后清洗几次，然后低温烘干，获得纬丝纤维。
步骤(3)：将经丝纤维和纬丝纤维织造后，分别经过0.3mol/L的水杨酸酸洗3min、0.8mol/L的碳酸钠碱洗3min、再经过水洗几次，低温烘干后获得抗菌除臭层。
步骤(4)：纤维面料的制备：将抗菌除臭层固定于基布层内侧，即得抗菌除臭的纤维面料。
其中，抗菌除臭液的制备步骤如实施例1。
对比例4
本实施例的纤维面料包括外层基布层以及设于基布层内侧的抗菌除臭层，抗菌除臭层包括相互交错织造而成的经丝和纬丝，经丝为含有纳米铜-银粒子的抗菌纤维，纳米铜-银粒子的质量占抗菌纤维总质量的0.014‰；纬丝为经抗菌除臭液处理的抗菌纤维；纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)：经丝处理：将1kg抗菌纤维完全浸入含有纳米铜-银的抗菌液中浸泡，加入2kg质量分数为60％硬脂酸溶液，在30℃条件下，经过微波频率为1500MHz处理20min，微波处理后清洗几次，然后低温烘干，获得经丝纤维；
步骤(2)：纬丝处理：将1kg抗菌纤维完全浸入抗菌除臭液中浸泡，在40℃条件下，经过微波频率为2000MHz处理15min，微波处理后清洗几次，然后低温烘干，获得纬丝纤维。
步骤(3)：将经丝纤维和纬丝纤维织造后，分别经过0.3mol/L的水杨酸酸洗3min、0.8mol/L的碳酸钠碱洗3min、再经过水洗几次，低温烘干后获得抗菌除臭层。
步骤(4)：纤维面料的制备：将抗菌除臭层固定于基布层内侧，即得抗菌除臭的纤维面料。
其中，抗菌除臭液的制备步骤如实施例1。
对比例5
本实施例的纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法步骤与实施例3相同，其中，抗菌除臭液的制备步骤如下：
步骤(21)：将25份桧木醇、16份丝蛋白混散在适量冷水中，加入10份水解酶，形成混合物A；
步骤(22)：采用植物精油提取装置，获取香料植物的精油B；
步骤(23)：将混合物A和5份精油B混合，在50℃下搅拌20min，形成抗菌除臭液。
对比例6
本实施例的纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法步骤与实施例3相同，其中，抗菌除臭液的制备步骤如下：
步骤(21)：将25份桧木醇、20份半乳甘露聚糖混散在适量冷水中，加入10份水解酶，形成混合物A；
步骤(22)：采用植物精油提取装置，获取香料植物的精油B；
步骤(23)：将混合物A和4份精油B混合，在50℃下搅拌20min，形成抗菌除臭液。
对比例7
本实施例的纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法纬丝处理步骤中无步骤(21)，其余步骤与实施例3相同。
抗菌性能测试：根据FZ/T7 73023-2006的测试标准，对实施例1-3和对比例1-7制备的纤维面料进行水洗10次、30次、50次后进行抑菌性测试。
表1抗菌性能测试数据
Figure BDA0003030157930000101
从上表可以看出，纤维面料中含纳米铜-银粒子的抗菌抑菌效果远远大于不含纳米铜-银粒子的纤维面料，实施例1-3的纤维面料的抗菌抑菌效果随着纳米铜-银粒子的含量增加逐渐变好，但是随着纳米铜-银粒子的含量增加，抗菌抑菌效果达到平衡；对比例3的纤维面料抗菌抑菌效果差于实施例1-3，可能是因为纳米铜-银粒子经过硬脂酸溶液的保护，在抗菌纤维的附着力更强，不容易受后续工艺的影响。
除臭性能测试：1、对实施例1-3和对比例1-7制备的纤维面料进行人工香气检测，将实施例1-3和对比例1-7制备的纤维面料放入人工气候老化箱，连续48小时每隔6h人工检测香料植物的香气，其中具有明显香气记为+，淡淡香记为+-，无香记为-；2、对实施例1-3和对比例1-7制备的纤维面料进行除臭测试，将面料放置在已知浓度为C1的氨气容器中，密封1h后，用对应的气体检测管测定密闭容器中被气体的浓度C2，即得除臭百分率＝(1-C2/C1)×100％。
表2除臭性能测试数据
Figure BDA0003030157930000111
从上表可看出，经过抗菌除臭液处理的纤维面料除臭效果大于只经过精油处理的纤维面料，实施例1-3的纤维面料的除臭效果和香气持久效果优异，对比例4相比实施例1-3的除臭效果和香气持久效果略差，可能是因为纬丝经过抗菌除臭液处理后经过聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液的保护，和抗菌纤维的粘合性更强，在经过酸洗和碱洗不容易从纤维上脱落，对比例5和对比例6的除臭效果略差，可能是由于抗菌除臭液中半乳甘露聚糖和丝蛋白影响了抗菌纤维的除臭效果。
防静电测试：根据GB/T 22042-2008的测试标准，对实施例3和对比例4-6进行静电测试。
表3防静电性能测试数据
组别 实施例3 对比例5 对比例6 对比例7
表面电阻率/Ω 1.25×10<sup>8</sup> 1.12×10<sup>8</sup> 1.13×10<sup>8</sup> 9.7×10<sup>7</sup>
从上表可看出，本发明纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法还可以有效的提高纤维面料的抗静电性能。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法，其特征在于，所述纤维面料包括外层基布层以及设于基布层内侧的抗菌除臭层，所述抗菌除臭层包括相互交错织造而成的经丝和纬丝，所述经丝为含有纳米铜-银粒子的抗菌纤维，所述纳米铜-银粒子的质量占抗菌纤维总质量的0.010-0.015‰；所述纬丝为经抗菌除臭液处理的抗菌纤维，所述抗菌除臭层的处理方法包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)：经丝处理：将抗菌纤维完全浸入含有纳米铜-银的抗菌液中浸泡，加入硬脂酸溶液经过微波处理后，清洗后低温烘干，获得经丝纤维；
步骤(2)：纬丝处理：将抗菌纤维完全浸入抗菌除臭液中浸泡，加入聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液经过微波处理后，清洗后低温烘干，获得纬丝纤维。
步骤(3)：将经丝纤维和纬丝纤维织造后，分别经过酸洗、碱洗、水洗，低温烘干后获得抗菌除臭层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法，其特征在于：所述纳米铜-银的抗菌液由光触媒、纳米铜-银复合粒子在PVP水溶液环境下复合而成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法，其特征在于：所述光触媒为纳米级二氧化钛或二氧化硅。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法，其特征在于：所述抗菌除臭液的制备步骤如下：
步骤(21)：将桧木醇、半乳甘露聚糖和丝蛋白混合在适量冷水中，加入水解酶，形成混合物A；
步骤(22)：采用植物精油提取装置，获取香料植物的精油B；
步骤(23)：将混合物A和精油B混合，在50℃～60℃下搅拌10min～20min，形成所述抗菌除臭液。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法，其特征在于：所述香料植物包括薰衣草、薄荷、艾草、绿茶、迷迭香。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(21)中桧木醇、半乳甘露聚糖、丝蛋白和水解酶的，按重量份数计，为(20-30)：(17-23)：(14-20)：(10-15)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)和步骤(2)中的微波处理的微波频率为1000-2000MHz，处理时间为15-20min，温度为30-50℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(3)中的酸洗采用0.1-0.5mol/L的水杨酸，碱洗采用0.6-0.8mol/L的碳酸钠，酸洗和碱洗时间均为3-5min。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维面料抗菌除臭的处理方法，其特征在于：所述抗菌纤维为棉纤维、竹炭纤维、粘胶纤维、氨纶或腈纶纤维中至少一种。
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