CN113501989A - 一种透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,包括:依次附着在透明聚酰亚胺基膜表面的银纳米线层和氧化石墨烯层,其中,合成透明聚酰亚胺的二胺单体为双(3‑氨基‑4‑羟基苯基)六氟丙烷;氧化石墨烯是经含有巯基的硅烷偶联剂接枝改性的氧化石墨烯。本发明具有良好的导电性、透光率,且银纳米线不易脱落,分布均匀。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及导电膜技术领域,尤其涉及一种透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜。
背景技术
聚酰亚胺具有轻质、高强(其强度可与金属相媲美,且柔韧耐折)、耐高低温(能在-270~250℃范围内长期使用)、介电性能、耐磨性、耐辐射性能、尺寸稳定性和化学稳定性优异,成为机械、电器、电工、电子、化工及微电子、信息、军工、航空航天和原子能工业等领域不可或缺的材料之一,广泛应用于制备薄膜、纤维、泡沫塑料、复合材料、工程塑料、分离膜、胶粘剂、微电子器件、液晶显示用取向排列剂以及电和光元件等领域。
随着柔性电子器件应用市场逐步扩张,如硅基太阳能电池、平板显示、发光二极管、可穿戴的电子器件等。柔性导电薄膜也日益受到关注。柔性导电薄膜主要由柔性基膜和导电材料两部分组成。聚酰亚胺具有优异的性能可以作为柔性基膜。导电材料可以选用纳米银线,其涂布工艺简单、光学性能和方阻均优于氧化铟锡(ITO),可以用来制备导电膜。
但是柔性电子器件在使用时会经常弯折,这要求导电材料和基膜之间需要具有良好的粘附性能,而银纳米线与聚酰亚胺基膜的附着力较差,容易脱落,影响导电性;并且银纳米线容易团聚,影响导电薄膜的均匀性和导电性;另外为了提高导电性,需要涂覆足够多的银纳米线,而银纳米线用量的增加会降低导电薄膜的透明度、透光率;这些问题均制约着其应用。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明提出了一种透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,本发明具有良好的导电性、透光率,且银纳米线不易脱落,分布均匀。
本发明提出了一种透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,包括:依次附着在透明聚酰亚胺基膜表面的银纳米线层和氧化石墨烯层,其中,合成透明聚酰亚胺的二胺单体为双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷;氧化石墨烯是经含有巯基的硅烷偶联剂接枝改性的氧化石墨烯。
不限定合成透明聚酰亚胺的二酐单体种类,能获得透明聚酰亚胺即可,如二酐单体可以为4,4'-(4,4'-异丙基二苯氧基)二(邻苯二甲酸酐)(BPADA)、4,4-六氟异丙基邻苯二甲酸酐(6FDA)、1,2,4,5-环己烷四甲酸二酐、1,2,3,4-环戊烷四甲酸二酐等中的至少一种。
上述含有巯基的硅烷偶联剂可以为3-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷偶联剂、3-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂等中的至少一种。
上述氧化石墨烯的接枝改性方法为本领域常规硅烷偶联剂接枝改性方法。
优选地,银纳米线层是在透明聚酰亚胺基膜表面涂覆导电墨水,干燥获得,其中,导电墨水的原料包括:银纳米线、分散剂、胶黏剂和水。
优选地,分散剂为醋酸丁酸纤维素和氟碳表面活性剂。
上述氟碳表面活性剂优选氟碳表面活性剂FSO-100。
优选地,胶黏剂为丙烯酸树脂胶黏剂、环氧树脂胶黏剂中的至少一种。
优选地,银纳米线、分散剂、胶黏剂和水的重量比为0.3-0.4:0.5-0.7:0.6-1:100。
优选地,干燥温度为210-220℃,干燥时间为20-30min。
优选地,醋酸丁酸纤维素和氟碳表面活性剂的重量比为0.5-1:1。
优选地,氧化石墨烯层是在银纳米线层表面涂覆氧化石墨烯分散液,干燥获得。
上述氧化石墨烯分散液的溶剂可以为乙醇、异丙醇等,上述干燥是为了除去氧化石墨烯分散液中的溶剂。
本发明所述涂覆的方式可以为喷涂、刮涂、抽滤等;优选喷涂。
不限定上述导电墨水、氧化石墨烯的用量,根据具体操作确定其用量。
上述水均为去离子水。
有益效果:
1.本发明选用双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷作为二胺单体,在透明聚酰亚胺中引入羟基,可以与丙烯酸树脂、环氧树脂中的活性基团共价结合,形成交联结构,从而固定银纳米线,防止银纳米线脱落,提高导电性;
2.在银纳米线层表面涂覆经含有巯基的硅烷偶联剂接枝改性的氧化石墨烯,巯基可与银纳米线紧密结合,并干燥,从而使得氧化石墨烯紧密结合在银纳米线层表面并紧密压实银纳米线层,从而进一步提高导电性,降低方阻;并且与相同方阻的导电膜相比,银纳米线的用量减少,可以提高导电膜的透过率;
3.选用水作为导电墨水的溶剂,避免有机溶剂的污染;选用醋酸丁酸纤维素和氟碳表面活性剂以适宜比例相互配合,可以改善银纳米线的分散性,避免在干燥时银纳米线容易团聚的问题,提高导电性。
具体实施方式
下面,通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
取双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷和1,2,4,5-环己烷四甲酸二酐,按照1:1摩尔比在二甲基乙酰胺中反应得到聚酰胺酸溶液,然后涂覆于清洗并干燥后的玻璃载体表面,分别于80℃、120℃、160℃、200℃、250℃保温1h亚胺化得到透明聚酰亚胺基膜;
依次用丙酮、乙醇、水清洗透明聚酰亚胺基膜并烘干,然后喷涂导电墨水,并于210℃干燥30min,得到负载有银纳米线层的透明聚酰亚胺基膜(记为中间膜);清洗中间膜并烘干,然后喷涂3-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷偶联剂改性氧化石墨烯的异丙醇分散液,然后烘干得到透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜;其中,导电墨水的原料按重量份包括:银纳米线0.3g、醋酸丁酸纤维素0.25g、氟碳表面活性剂FSO-1000.25g、环氧树脂胶黏剂0.6g和水100g。
实施例2
一种透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
取双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷和4,4-六氟异丙基邻苯二甲酸酐,按照1:1摩尔比在二甲基乙酰胺中反应得到聚酰胺酸溶液,然后涂覆于清洗并干燥后的玻璃载体表面,分别于80℃、120℃、160℃、200℃、250℃保温1h亚胺化得到透明聚酰亚胺基膜;
依次用丙酮、乙醇、水清洗透明聚酰亚胺基膜并烘干,然后喷涂导电墨水,并于220℃干燥20min,得到负载有银纳米线层的透明聚酰亚胺基膜(记为中间膜);清洗中间膜并烘干,然后喷涂3-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂改性氧化石墨烯的异丙醇分散液,然后烘干得到透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜;其中,导电墨水的原料按重量份包括:银纳米线0.4g、醋酸丁酸纤维素0.23g、氟碳表面活性剂FSO-1000.47g、丙烯酸树脂胶黏剂1g和水100g。
实施例3
一种透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
取双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷和4,4'-(4,4'-异丙基二苯氧基)二(邻苯二甲酸酐),按照1:1摩尔比在二甲基乙酰胺中反应得到聚酰胺酸溶液,然后涂覆于清洗并干燥后的玻璃载体表面,分别于80℃、120℃、160℃、200℃、250℃保温1h亚胺化得到透明聚酰亚胺基膜;
依次用丙酮、乙醇、水清洗透明聚酰亚胺基膜并烘干,然后喷涂导电墨水,并于215℃干燥25min,得到负载有银纳米线层的透明聚酰亚胺基膜(记为中间膜);清洗中间膜并烘干,然后喷涂3-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂改性氧化石墨烯的异丙醇分散液,然后烘干得到透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜;其中,导电墨水的原料按重量份包括:银纳米线0.35g、醋酸丁酸纤维素0.3g、氟碳表面活性剂FSO-1000.3g、环氧树脂胶黏剂0.8g和水100g。
对比例1
将双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷替换成二氨基二苯醚,其他同实施例3。
对比例2
将3-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂改性氧化石墨烯替换成未改性氧化石墨烯,其他同实施例3。
对比例3
将“醋酸丁酸纤维素0.3g、氟碳表面活性剂FSO-1000.3g”替换成“羟丙基纤维素0.6g”,其他同实施例3。
检测实施例1-3和对比例1-3制得的复合导电膜的性能,结果如表1所示。
表1检测结果
备注:百格法测试附着力,涂层100%保留时为0级;涂层保留较完整,仅有少数边角破损时为1级;边角破损较多但无整格脱落时为2级;边角破损严重,有少量整格脱落时为3级;边角破损严重,有较多整格脱落,但涂层保留面积>65%时为4级;涂层保留面积<65%时为5级。
由表1可以看出,实施例3和对比例1相比,经过1000次弯折后,实施例3的方阻无明显变化,对比例1的方阻增加较多,二胺单体选用双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷,引入羟基,可以固定银纳米线,防止其脱落;实施例3和对比例2相比,其导电性更好,经3-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂改性的氧化石墨烯可以更好的提高本发明的导电性;实施例3和对比例3相比,其导电性更好,醋酸丁酸纤维素和氟碳表面活性剂FSO-100相互配合,可以更好的提高导电性。
对比例4
不喷涂3-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂改性氧化石墨烯的异丙醇分散液,其他同实施例3,通过调节喷涂导电墨水的量,获得方阻为10.5Ω/□的导电膜。
检测实施例3和对比例4制得的导电膜的透过率,结果如表2所示。
检测项目 | 550nm处透过率% | 方阻Ω/□ |
实施例3 | 92.5 | 10.5 |
对比例4 | 88.0 | 10.5 |
由表2可以看出,本发明所述透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜具有良好的导电性和透光性。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,其特征在于,包括:依次附着在透明聚酰亚胺基膜表面的银纳米线层和氧化石墨烯层,其中,合成透明聚酰亚胺的二胺单体为双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷;氧化石墨烯是经含有巯基的硅烷偶联剂接枝改性的氧化石墨烯。
2.根据权利要求1所述透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,其特征在于,银纳米线层是在透明聚酰亚胺基膜表面涂覆导电墨水,干燥获得,其中,导电墨水的原料包括:银纳米线、分散剂、胶黏剂和水。
3.根据权利要求2所述透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,其特征在于,分散剂为醋酸丁酸纤维素和氟碳表面活性剂。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,其特征在于,胶黏剂为丙烯酸树脂胶黏剂、环氧树脂胶黏剂中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求2-4任一项所述透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,其特征在于,银纳米线、分散剂、胶黏剂和水的重量比为0.3-0.4:0.5-0.7:0.6-1:100。
6.根据权利要求2-5任一项所述透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,其特征在于,干燥温度为210-220℃,干燥时间为20-30min。
7.根据权利要求3所述透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,其特征在于,醋酸丁酸纤维素和氟碳表面活性剂的重量比为0.5-1:1。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述透明聚酰亚胺复合导电膜,其特征在于,氧化石墨烯层是在银纳米线层表面涂覆氧化石墨烯分散液,干燥获得。
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