CN113454178A - 热熔粘接剂的制造方法以及热熔粘接剂 - Google Patents
热熔粘接剂的制造方法以及热熔粘接剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113454178A CN113454178A CN202080015874.8A CN202080015874A CN113454178A CN 113454178 A CN113454178 A CN 113454178A CN 202080015874 A CN202080015874 A CN 202080015874A CN 113454178 A CN113454178 A CN 113454178A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本发明一个方面涉及热熔粘接剂的制造方法,其包括以下步骤:在捏合液态的热熔粘接剂用材料的期间或者捏合后,将流体以相对于所述热熔粘接剂用材料100质量份为0.3质量份以上的量导入到加热捏合机中,以使所述热熔粘接剂用材料与所述流体接触的方式,边进行加热搅拌或分散,边进行脱气。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及热熔粘接剂的制造方法。
背景技术
用于热熔材料的聚合物材料中,极微量残留有原料及聚合溶剂等挥发性有机化合物(以下,也称为“VOC”)。这些挥发性有机化合物有时从固化的粘接剂蒸发或移动,尤其在汽车领域中,所述挥发性成分有可能停留在乘客间内的可呼吸空气中而产生不快气味,有可能涉及到健康问题。此外,挥发性成分还有可能堆积在冷表面的挡风玻璃等上而引起视野障碍(起雾现象)。而且,在卫生材料领域中,近年,消费者指出在开启密封袋时发出臭气。
以往,虽然通过加热脱气来除去VOC的一部分成分,但尚未确立能够除去残留在原料中的微量VOC成分的热熔粘接剂的制造方法(例如,专利文献1)。
因此,目前,为了调配低VOC、低臭气的热熔粘接剂,只能够选择被包含在材料中的挥发成分较少的聚合物材料。
但是,在选择了被包含在材料中的挥发成分较少的聚合物材料的情况下,调配技术的设计范围变窄,从而存在难以提供符合粘接性能需求的热熔粘接剂的问题。
本发明的课题在于解决所述问题点。即,本发明的目的在于:在不限定材料的情况下,提供低VOC、低臭气的热熔粘接剂。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本发明专利公表公报特表2012-518063号
发明内容
本发明人为了解决上述课题进行了专心研究,结果发现:通过下述构成能够达到上述目的,基于该见解进一步反复进行研究,从而完成了本发明。
即,本发明一个方面所涉及的热熔粘接剂的制造方法包括以下步骤:在捏合液态的热熔粘接剂用材料的期间或者捏合后,将流体以相对于所述热熔粘接剂用材料100质量份为0.3质量份以上的量导入到加热捏合机中,以使所述热熔粘接剂用材料与所述流体接触的方式,边进行加热搅拌或分散,边进行脱气。
具体实施方式
本发明的热熔粘接剂的制造方法如上所述包括以下步骤:在捏合液态的热熔粘接剂用材料的期间或者捏合后,将流体以相对于所述热熔粘接剂用材料100质量份为0.3质量份以上的量导入到加热捏合机中,以使所述热熔粘接剂用材料与所述流体接触的方式,边进行加热搅拌或分散,边进行脱气。
通过采用该构成,即使在使用含有较多VOC的材料或臭气较强的材料的情况下,也可以制造低VOC、低臭气的热熔粘接剂,容易兼顾粘接性能和低VOC及低臭气。此外,由于也不需要使用特殊材料,因此,调配设计的自由度变高,还可以抑制成本。即,根据本发明,可以向各种工业领域提供不受材料选择限制就能够实现低VOC、低臭气的热熔粘接剂。
以下,对本发明的实施方式进行详细说明,但本发明不受这些限定。
首先,作为在本实施方式中可以使用的热熔粘接剂材料,不受特别限定,可以使用从以往就使用于热熔粘接剂的基础树脂、增粘剂、其他添加剂。特别是,根据本实施方式的制造方法,即使使用任一种热熔粘接剂材料,也可以提供低VOC、低臭气的热熔粘接剂。
关于具体的材料而言,作为基础树脂,无特别限定地可以使用例如作为构成热熔粘接剂的成分而使用的热塑性聚合物。作为热塑性聚合物,具体可列举弹性体系的热塑性聚合物、聚烯烃系的热塑性聚合物、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)系的热塑性聚合物、聚丙烯酸酯系的热塑性聚合物、聚酯系的热塑性聚合物、以及聚酰胺系的热塑性聚合物。
弹性体系的热塑性聚合物只要是作为热熔粘接剂中的弹性体系的热塑性聚合物而使用的热塑性聚合物,则没有特别限定,可列举例如作为具有基于共轭二烯化合物的结构单元(共轭二烯单元)的聚合物的共轭二烯系聚合物等。此外,作为弹性体系的热塑性聚合物,具体可列举共轭二烯系化合物与乙烯基系芳香族烃的共聚物亦即热塑性嵌段共聚物等。即,作为所述热塑性聚合物,优选使用该热塑性嵌段共聚物。
共轭二烯系化合物只要是具有至少一对共轭双键的二烯烃化合物,则没有特别限定。作为共轭二烯系化合物,具体可列举1,3-丁二烯、2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯(异戊二烯)、2,3-二甲基-1,3-丁二烯、1,3-戊二烯、以及1,3-己二烯等。
乙烯基系芳香族烃只要是具有乙烯基的芳香族烃,则没有特别限定。作为乙烯基系芳香族烃,具体可列举苯乙烯、邻甲基苯乙烯、对甲基苯乙烯、对叔丁基苯乙烯、1,3-二甲基苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、乙烯基萘、以及乙烯基蒽等。
作为共轭二烯系聚合物,可以采用加氢的氢化共轭二烯系共聚物,也可以采用不加氢的非氢化共轭二系共聚物。
作为所述热塑性聚合物,优选热塑性嵌段共聚物,作为其具体例,可列举例如苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-异戊二烯嵌段共聚物、加氢的苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物、以及加氢的苯乙烯-异戊二烯嵌段共聚物等。此外,这些共聚物包含ABA型三嵌段共聚物。作为苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物,可列举例如苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)等。此外,作为苯乙烯-异戊二烯嵌段共聚物,可列举例如苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SIS)等。此外,作为加氢的苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物,可列举例如苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)等。此外,作为加氢的苯乙烯-异戊二烯嵌段共聚物,可列举例如苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEPS)等。
聚烯烃系的热塑性聚合物只要是作为热熔粘接剂中的聚烯烃系的热塑性聚合物而使用的热塑性聚合物,则没有特别限定,聚烯烃的均聚物及共聚物可列举例如基于乙烯、丙烯及/或丁烯的聚-α-烯烃、无规聚-α-烯烃(APAO)以及乙烯/α-烯烃及丙烯/α-烯烃共聚物等。
EVA系的热塑性聚合物只要是作为热熔粘接剂中的EVA系的热塑性聚合物而使用的热塑性聚合物,则没有特别限定,可列举例如:由乙烯和醋酸乙烯酯合成的共聚物等。
聚丙烯酸酯系的热塑性聚合物只要是作为热熔粘接剂中的聚丙烯酸酯系的热塑性聚合物而使用的热塑性聚合物,则没有特别限定。聚丙烯酸酯系的热塑性聚合物可列举例如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯与聚丙烯酸丁酯的嵌段共聚物等。
聚酯系的热塑性聚合物只要是作为热熔粘接剂中的聚酯系的热塑性聚合物而使用的热塑性聚合物,则没有特别限定。作为聚酯系的热塑性聚合物,可列举例如:使用二聚酸而聚合的聚酯等。
聚酰胺系的热塑性聚合物只要是作为热熔粘接剂中的聚酰胺系的热塑性聚合物而使用的热塑性聚合物,则没有特别限定,可列举例如:尼龙等。如上所述的基础树脂可以分别单独使用1种,也可以将2种以上组合使用。
此外,关于增粘剂而言,也无特别限定地可以使用芳香族系、脂肪族系、脂环族系、其他系、天然物及其加氢物等。可例示例如天然松香、改性松香、氢化松香、天然松香的甘油酯、改性松香的甘油酯、天然松香的季戊四醇酯、改质松香的季戊四醇酯、氢化松香的季戊四醇酯、天然萜烯的共聚物、天然萜烯的3维聚合物、氢化萜烯的共聚物的氢化衍生物、聚萜烯树脂、酚系改性萜烯树脂的氢化衍生物、脂肪族石油烃树脂、脂肪族石油烃树脂的氢化衍生物、芳香族石油烃树脂、芳香族石油烃树脂的氢化衍生物、环状脂肪族石油烃树脂、环状脂肪族石油烃树脂的氢化衍生物。如上所述的增粘剂可以单独使用1种,也可以组合2种以上使用。
作为其他添加剂,可以使用抗氧剂、热稳定剂、光稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂、填充材料、表面活性剂、偶联剂、着色剂、抗静电剂、阻燃剂、蜡、以及增塑剂等。
作为抗氧剂,可列举例如:酚系抗氧剂、有机硫系抗氧剂等。作为酚系抗氧剂,可列举例如:2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、正十八烷基-3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基)丙酸酯、2-叔丁基-6-(3-叔丁基-2-羟基-5-甲基苄基)-4-甲基苯基丙烯酸酯、四(亚甲基-3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯)甲烷等。作为有机硫系抗氧剂,可列举例如:3,3’-硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、3,3’-硫代二丙酸二肉豆蔻酯、3,3’-硫代二丙酸二硬脂酯、季戊四醇四(3-月桂基硫代丙酸酯)等。这些抗氧剂可以单独使用上述例示的抗氧剂,也可以将2种以上组合使用。
本实施方式的制造方法包含:在捏合液态状态的热熔粘接剂用材料的期间或捏合后,将流体导入加热捏合机中的步骤;以及进行加热搅拌或分散,进行脱气的步骤。
将流体导入加热捏合机中的步骤只要在将热熔粘接剂用材料投入加热捏合机之后,则可以在捏合热熔粘接剂用材料的期间进行,也可以在捏合结束后进行。优选在材料捏合结束后进行。在本实施方式中,“捏合结束”是指热熔粘接剂的材料(例如,基础树脂和增粘剂)显示出同样的流动性的状态。
关于加热捏合机而言,可以使用热熔粘接剂的搅拌捏合中所使用的一般的制造装置。例如,在热熔粘接剂的一般的制造方式中,有连续处理方式和分批处理方式。作为连续处理方式而使用的加热捏合机,可以使用捏合机(ruder)、挤出机、双轴锥形螺杆等。此外,作为分批处理方式而使用的加热捏合机可以使用搅拌捏合机、班伯里密炼机、捏合机等。
导入到加热捏合机的流体并没有特别限定,形态可以为液体,也可以为气体,也可以为超临界状态,也可以为亚临界状态。具体而言,可列举例如氮气、氧气、氩气、氦气、二氧化碳气体、一氧化碳气体、氨气、空气、液化氮、液化氦、液化二氧化碳、液化氩、液化氧、甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、异丙醇、2-丁醇、正己烷、二乙醚、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、四氢呋喃、柠檬烯、脂肪族系溶剂、水等粘度10mPa·s以下的流体等。这些可以分别单独使用1种,也可以将2种以上组合使用。
所述流体向加热捏合机的导入,以相对于所述热熔粘接剂用材料100质量份为0.3质量份的量进行。如果导入量少于0.3质量份,则VOC成分的去除效率有可能降低。
此外,关于导入量上限而言,由于不会使脱VOC、脱臭气效果降低,因此,无需特别设定。但是,考虑到成本及工序时间等,优选相对于所述热熔粘接剂用材料100质量份为50质量份以下,进一步优选25质量份以下。
本实施方式中的流体的导入方法并没有特别限定,可以从加热捏合机的上方、侧面、下方的任一者导入。具体而言,例如:如果所述流体为气体,则通过从加热捏合机的下方及/或侧面导入;或者,如果所述流体为液体,则通过从加热捏合机的下方及/或侧面导入而导入。
将所述流体导入加热捏合机后,以使所述热熔粘接剂用材料与所述流体接触的方式,边进行加热搅拌或分散,边进行脱气。此时的加热温度只要是热熔粘接剂用材料的熔融温度以上,则没有特别限定,可以根据作为热熔粘接剂用材料而使用的基础树脂的种类等而适当设定。
加热搅拌或分散可以通过以往的本技术领域的公知的方式进行。可以使用例如叶片、涡轮、螺旋桨、锚、螺带(helical ribbon)、最大叶片式(Maxblend)、泛能式(Fullzone)、螺杆、刀片、MR-205、高效率搅拌器(Hi-F mixer)、叶片组合式(Sanmeler)等。这些可以分别单独使用1种,也可以将2种以上组合使用。
脱气优选以相对于所述加热捏合机容积为0.4倍容积以上的每分钟排气速度进行至表压成为与-60kPa相比具有高的真空度为止。通过该条件进行脱气,则可以更充分地抑制残留VOC量。
本实施方式的脱气方式没有特别限定,具体而言,例如可以使用以成为所述每分钟排气速度的方式调整的真空泵,减压至成为所述真空度为止而脱气。
所述每分钟排气速度更优选相对于加热捏合机容积为等倍容积(same volume)以上。所述每分钟排气速度的上限并不需要特别规定,但是从设备大型化、抑制成本的观点出发,优选相对于所述加热捏合机容积为17.5倍容积以下。
所述脱气的表压更优选与-90kPa相比具有高的真空度。关于上限值并不需要特别设定,但是从设备破损、设备大型化、成本上升等观点出发,优选表压与-101kPa相比具有低的真空度。
如上所述,认为:在特定条件下,通过将流体分散于热熔粘接剂用材料中,从而将难挥发性有机化合物吸附于该流体,并通过脱气步骤从热熔粘接剂用材料去除。其结果,可以提供低VOC、低臭气的热熔粘接剂。
此外,在本实施方式的制造方法中,也可以包含:将从所述加热捏合机排出的排出气体冷却凝集,来回收含有挥发性有机化合物的流体的步骤。
据此,具有使真空泵的寿命长的优点。
此外,所述回收步骤中的流体回收率优选60%以上。据此,认为可以进一步抑制环境大气污染。
通过本实施方式的制造方法获得的热熔粘接剂具有10ppm以下的残留挥发性有机化合物,并且显示低VOC及低臭气,因此在产业利用上非常有用。该热熔粘接剂的特征是与通过选择被包含在材料中的挥发成分较少的聚合物材料来制得的以往热熔粘接剂相比,残留挥发性有机化合物更少。因此,通过本实施方式的制造方法获得的热熔粘接剂(残留挥发性有机化合物为10ppm以下)也包含在本发明中。
本说明书如上所述地公开了各种方式的技术,将其主要的技术概括如下。
本发明一个方面所涉及的热熔粘接剂的制造方法包括以下步骤:在捏合液态的热熔粘接剂用材料的期间或者捏合后,将流体以相对于所述热熔粘接剂用材料100质量份为0.3质量份的量导入到加热捏合机中,以使所述热熔粘接剂用材料与所述流体接触的方式,边进行加热搅拌或分散,边进行脱气。
根据该构成,不受材料选择的限制,可以向各种产业领域提供低VOC、低臭气的热熔粘接剂。
并且,优选:以相对于所述加热捏合机容积为0.4倍容积以上的每分钟排气速度进行脱气,另外优选:所述脱气中的表压与-60kPa相比具有高的真空度。据此,认为可以更可靠地获得上述的效果。
所述制造方法优选还包括以下步骤:将从所述加热捏合机排出的排出气体冷却凝集,来回收包含挥发性有机化合物的流体。据此,可以实现真空泵的长寿命化等。
此外,在所述制造方法中,优选:所述流体的回收率为60%以上。据此,认为可以进一步抑制环境大气污染。
另外,在所述制造方法中,优选:所得到的热熔粘接剂中的残留挥发性有机化合物为10ppm以下。
实施例
以下,对本发明的实施例进行说明,但本发明不受这些限定。
首先,以下示出本实施例中使用的热熔粘接剂用材料。
(热熔粘接剂1:烯烃系热熔粘接剂)
基础树脂:非晶态-聚α-烯烃聚合物(赢创公司制的VESTOPLAST 704)70质量份
增粘剂:氢化石油树脂(出光兴产株式会社制的IMARV P-100)30质量份
热熔粘接剂1的熔融温度为160℃,粘度为5275mPa·s,软化点为105℃。
(热熔粘接剂2:橡胶系热熔粘接剂)
基础树脂:苯乙烯-异戊二烯-嵌段聚合物(日本瑞翁株式会社制的Quintac3433N)30质量份
增粘剂1:脂环族系石油树脂氢化物(荒川化学工业株式会社制的ARKON M100)30质量份
增粘剂2:芳香族系烃树脂(三井化学株式会社制的FTR-0100)20质量份
软化剂:石蜡油(出光兴产株式会社制的Diana Fresia W-90)20质量份
热熔粘接剂2的熔融温度为160℃,粘度为5250mPa·s,软化点为103℃。
(热熔粘接剂3:EVA系热熔粘接剂)
基础树脂:乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(东曹公司制的Ultrathene 722)60质量份
增粘剂:脂肪族系石油树脂氢化物(日本瑞翁株式会社制的Quintone R100)30质量份
蜡:費-托蜡(壳牌公司制的GTL Sarawax SX100)15质量份
抗氧剂:受阻酚系抗氧剂(巴斯夫日本株式会社制的Irganox 1010)1质量份
熔融温度为160℃,粘度为7055mPa·s,软化点为109℃。
(热熔粘接剂4:丙烯酸系热熔粘接剂)
基础树脂:聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-聚丙烯酸丁酯嵌段共聚物(株式会社可乐丽制的KURARITY LA3320)30质量份
增粘剂:芳香族系烃树脂(三井化学株式会社制的FTR-2120)30质量份
软化剂:丙烯酸聚合物(东亚合成株式会社制的ARUFON UP-10000)40质量份
熔融温度为160℃,粘度为9950mPa·s,软化点为106℃。
(热熔粘接剂5:聚酯系热熔粘接剂)
基础树脂:羟基硬脂酸酯系蜡(伊藤制油株式会社制的ITOHWAX E-230)100质量份
熔融温度为160℃,粘度为600mPa·s,软化点为70℃。
(热熔粘接剂6:聚酰胺系热熔粘接剂)
基础树脂:羟基脂肪酸系酰胺(伊藤制油株式会社制的ITOHWAX J-50)100质量份熔融温度为160℃,粘度为1050mPa·s,软化点为76℃。
(热熔粘接剂的制造方法)
在容量4L的不锈钢(SUS)制的搅拌捏合机中投入所述热熔粘接剂1~6的材料2kg,并在165℃以上的条件下进行了搅拌使其熔融。
接着,以表1~8所示的导入量(相对于热熔粘接剂材料的比例(质量份))从侧面及/或下方导入了表1~8所示的各流体。接着,使用以相对于槽容量成为表1所示的目标倍率容积的每分钟排气速度(排气速度/槽容积)的方式进行了调整的真空泵,将搅拌捏合机内减压至各自的目标到达真空度,从而获得了实施例1~31以及比较例1~9的热熔粘接剂。
[评价试验:残留挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)量的测定]
使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(气相色谱仪:安捷伦科技公司制的7890B GC系统,质谱仪:安捷伦科技公司制的5977B系列GC/MSD系统,DHS(动态顶空):哲斯泰公司(GerstelGmbH&Co.KG)制的DHS系统),并基于动态顶空法进行了TVOC量的测定。设试料的加热温度为65℃且加热时间为60分钟,气相色谱中使用了内径0.25mm、二甲基聚硅氧烷涂层(涂层厚1.00μm)、长60m的毛细管柱。管柱的升温程序为直到50~300℃为止以10℃/分钟加热,其后保持了39分钟。通过该操作,将用质量分析器检测出的正十六烷为止的所有物质假定为作为基准物质的甲苯,根据甲苯的校准线求出了甲苯换算的产生气体量,将其视为TVOC。
将结果示于表1~8。
表2
表4
表5
表6
表7
表8
(考察)
根据表1~8的结果可以明确:基于本发明的制法所得的各种组成的热熔粘接剂(实施例1~31)中,TVOC的量成为10ppm以下,臭气也减少了。而且,还可知:在脱气步骤中,每分钟排气速度和到达真空度在优选范围的实施例2、4~7等中,获得了更高的效果。而且,还确认到了根据条件可以使TVOC量非常少(实施例14~26)。
相对于此,未导入流体且基于以往的制法所得的比较例1的热熔粘接剂1(烯烃系热熔)中,TVOC为40ppm而较多。此外,还确认到:如果流体导入量不足(比较例2~4),则与通过以往方法所得的热熔粘接剂同样,不能够充分降低TVOC。此外,还确认到:在与比较例1相同的条件下,烯烃系热熔以外的热熔粘接剂2~6中TVOC量也变多。
本申请以2019年2月26日申请的日本国专利申请特愿2019-32653为基础,其内容包含在本申请中。
为了表述本发明,在所述说明中参照具体例等并通过实施方式适当且充分地说明了本发明,但是应该理解只要是本领域技术人员就能容易地对所述的实施方式进行变更和/或改良。因此,本领域技术人员实施的变形实施方式或改良实施方式,只要是没有脱离权利要求书记载的权利要求的权利范围的水平,则该变形实施方式或该改良实施方式可解释为被包含在该权利要求的权利范围内。
产业上的可利用性
本发明在有关热熔粘接剂及其制造方法的技术领域中具有广泛的产业上的可利用性。
Claims (7)
1.一种热熔粘接剂的制造方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
在捏合液态的热熔粘接剂用材料的期间或者捏合后,将流体以相对于所述热熔粘接剂用材料100质量份为0.3质量份以上的量导入到加热捏合机中,以使所述热熔粘接剂用材料与所述流体接触的方式,边进行加热搅拌或分散,边进行脱气。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热熔粘接剂的制造方法,其特征在于,
以相对于所述加热捏合机容积为0.4倍容积以上的每分钟排气速度进行脱气。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的热熔粘接剂的制造方法,其特征在于,
所述脱气中的表压与-60kPa相比具有高的真空度。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的热熔粘接剂的制造方法,其特征在于还包括以下步骤:
将从所述加热捏合机排出的排出气体冷却凝集,来回收包含挥发性有机化合物的流体。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的热熔粘接剂的制造方法,其特征在于,
所述流体的回收率为60%以上。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的热熔粘接剂的制造方法,其特征在于,
所得到的热熔粘接剂中的残留挥发性有机化合物为10ppm以下。
7.一种热熔粘接剂,其特征在于,
通过权利要求1至5中任一项所述的热熔粘接剂的制造方法制得,其中,
残留挥发性有机化合物为10ppm以下。
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- 2020-02-14 CN CN202080015874.8A patent/CN113454178B/zh active Active
- 2020-02-14 EP EP20763275.3A patent/EP3913030A4/en active Pending
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US20220372340A1 (en) | 2022-11-24 |
WO2020175187A1 (ja) | 2020-09-03 |
TWI848055B (zh) | 2024-07-11 |
CN113454178B (zh) | 2024-04-02 |
JP7038254B2 (ja) | 2022-03-17 |
JP2022016672A (ja) | 2022-01-21 |
JPWO2020175187A1 (ja) | 2021-09-13 |
JP7389784B2 (ja) | 2023-11-30 |
TW202104386A (zh) | 2021-02-01 |
EP3913030A1 (en) | 2021-11-24 |
EP3913030A4 (en) | 2022-03-16 |
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