CN113402585A - 一种牡蛎肽及其在酒精性肝损伤中的应用 - Google Patents
一种牡蛎肽及其在酒精性肝损伤中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种牡蛎肽及其在酒精性肝损伤中的应用。该牡蛎肽为牡蛎匀浆经蛋白酶水解、超滤和凝胶层析获得,其包含多个氨基酸序列,分别为7‑13肽。该牡蛎肽对酒精性肝损伤小鼠具有保护作用,实验结果表明:牡蛎肽低、中、高剂量组均可显著降低模型小鼠血清中ALT、AST水平,提高SOD、GSH活力,降低MDA含量,调节炎症因子IL‑1β、IL‑6和TNF‑α水平。说明本发明公开的一种牡蛎肽具有护肝解酒的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于天然产物化学领域,具体涉及一种牡蛎肽及其在酒精性肝损伤中的应用。
背景技术
随着国民经济的发展,人民生活水平的提高,我国饮酒人群的队伍越来越壮大,酒精性肝病(Alcoholic Liver Disease,ALD)患者数量也逐年增加。酒精性肝病是由于长期大量饮酒导致的肝脏疾病,最初为肝细胞脂肪变性,进而发展为酒精性肝炎、肝纤维化,最终导致肝硬化。据资料表明,重度饮酒者中90%以上有一定程度的脂肪肝,10%-35%将发展成酒精性肝炎,8%-20%可发展为肝硬化。我国各地流行病学调查显示,2005年湖南省人群ALD的患病率为4.36%,2007年辽宁省人群ALD的患病率为6.10%,2009年贵阳市人群ALD的患病率为10.99%,有逐年增高的趋势。
目前,酒精性肝病暂且没有特效药物和治愈的治疗方法,戒酒仍是治疗和预防酒精性肝病的关键,增强民众对过量饮酒行为危害的认识,加强对饮酒人群的健康筛查,及早发现及早治疗。当出现明显的肝损伤时则以临床治疗为主,常见的酒精性肝病临床治疗手段为药物干预治疗,但长期服用会加重肝脏的负担,对机体产生一定的副作用,因此,越来越多的学者致力于从天然产物中提取安全有效的活性物质用于酒精性肝病的治疗。
牡蛎,俗称海蛎子,是我国四大养殖贝类之一。牡蛎蛋白质含量丰富,氨基酸组成完善,且游离氨基酸中含有丰富的牛磺酸。除食用外,牡蛎还是一种传统的海洋中药材,是我国第一批公布的药食两用类海洋动物资源,有“消炎解毒、保肝利胆、降血脂”等功效,其作为治病强身的海洋药物,吸引越来越多学者的关注。目前,牡蛎已被证实具有护肝和降脂的作用,有研究发现,牡蛎水溶性多糖提取物能够降低急性肝损伤小鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和丙二醛(MDA)水平。近几年,国内外已开发出多种以牡蛎为主要成分的护肝保健品,如威海南波湾集团研制的牡蛎牛磺酸维生素C胶囊,深圳海王集团研制的海王金樽牌牡蛎大豆肽肉碱口服液,以及挪威Bjorge Ocean公司生产的牡蛎粉,均具有保肝护肝的功效。综上所述,牡蛎作为一种护肝降脂的功能食品已得到国内外学者的广泛认可,但目前产品均为牡蛎粗提取物并复配其他组分,其具体功效来源并不明确。本发明采用酶技术和超滤技术制备低分子量牡蛎肽,经分离纯化鉴定其氨基酸序列,并将牡蛎肽作为单一活性成分应用于酒精性肝损伤的研究,具有一定的创新性。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提取一种牡蛎肽及其在酒精性肝损伤中的应用
为实现上述目的,本发明采用技术方案为:
一种牡蛎肽,牡蛎肽为下述氨基酸序列:
LAGELHQEQENYK,AIDTIINQK,DSYVGDEAQSK,PGTTEDEPVK,ETVIDTIQK,DLESQLK,NAETELGETSQR,EYDESGPSIVHR,DSDLEGHPTPR,HDNPGDLGDLH,AQCEMEPNH,ESAGIHETT或NTVLSGGTT。
一种牡蛎肽的应用,所述氨基酸序列中的一种或几种在缓解、防治酒精性肝损伤中的应用。
以所述氨基酸序列中的一种或几种作为单一活性成分在制备防治酒精性肝损伤特医食品中的应用。
本发明具有以下优点:
1.本发明公开的一种牡蛎肽,其氨基酸序列组成较明确。
2.本发明公开的牡蛎肽对酒精性肝损伤模型小鼠具有较明显的保护作用。并且通过实验结果表明:牡蛎肽低、中、高剂量组均可显著降低模型小鼠血清中ALT、AST水平,提高SOD、GSH活力,降低MDA含量,调节炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平。说明本发明公开的一种牡蛎肽具有护肝解酒的作用。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的牡蛎肽NAETELGETSQR一级质谱
图2为本发明实施例提供的牡蛎肽对小鼠肝组织中GSH含量的影响,注:不同字母表示各组间达到了极显著性差异,即P<0.01。
图3为本发明实施例提供的牡蛎肽对小鼠肝组织中SOD含量的影响,注:不同字母表示各组间达到了极显著性差异,即P<0.01。
图4为本发明实施例提供的牡蛎肽对小鼠肝组织中MDA含量的影响,注:不同字母表示各组间达到了极显著性差异,即P<0.01。
图5为本发明实施例提供的牡蛎肽对小鼠肝组织中IL-1β和IL-6含量的影响,注:不同字母表示各组间达到了极显著性差异,即P<0.05和P<0.01。
图6为本发明实施例提供的牡蛎肽对小鼠肝组织中TNF-α含量的影响,注:不同字母表示各组间达到了极显著性差异,即P<0.01。
图7为本发明实施例提供的牡蛎肽对小鼠血清中AST和ALT的影响,注:不同字母表示各组间达到了极显著性差异,即P<0.01。
具体实施方式
通过以下实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。以下结合实例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步说明,应当指出的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式只是为了说明和解释本发明,并不局限于本发明。
实施例1
本发明涉及的牡蛎肽,为牡蛎匀浆经酶技术制得,以其中序列为ETVIDTIQK的牡蛎肽为例,具体获得过程如下:
牡蛎匀浆经蛋白酶水解制备牡蛎酶解液,酶解液经3000Da超滤膜超滤分离,冷冻干燥获得低分子量牡蛎肽,再经凝胶色谱层析分离纯化,分离后的肽段直接进入ThermoScientific Q Exactive质谱仪检测,共获得25个离子峰,质谱图如图1所示。对其中含量最高的离子进行二级离子解析,确定该离子为双电荷离子,经鉴定其氨基酸序列为NAETELGETSQR,分子量为1335.64Da。
应用例:牡蛎肽对酒精性肝损伤模型小鼠的保护作用
1.实验动物:C57BL/6小鼠,雄性,6-8周龄,体重为18g-22g。
2.实验分组:实验小鼠随机分为6组,每组12只,分别为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组、牡蛎肽低、中、高剂量组。上述实施例获得的所有牡蛎肽按低、中、高剂量组灌胃,剂量分别为120mg/kg/d,240mg/kg/d和480mg/kg/d,灌胃体积为10mL/kg,其中牡蛎肽中剂量组为市场同类肝病全营养粉人体日服用量的10倍;阳性对照组联苯双酯灌胃剂量为10mg/kg/d;空白组和模型组每日灌胃小鼠给予相同体积的蒸馏水,1h后,除空白组外其余5组按照10mL/kg BW灌胃浓度为50%的乙醇,连续给药及造模42d。末次造模后,禁食16h,采用摘除眼球法取血于2ml离心管中,分离血清;取血完毕,颈椎脱臼法处死小鼠,及时剖检取出肝脏,左叶固定,其余匀浆,进行各指标的检测和病理组织学检查。
3.测定指标:用相应试剂盒分别测定各组小鼠肝组织匀浆中MDA,还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),白介素-1β(IL-1β)和白介素-6(IL-6)含量;血清中ALT和AST含量。
4.统计分析:应用SPSS18.0统计软件,计量方式采用“均数±标准差”表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差法,组间两两比较方差齐性时用LSD方法分析,方差不齐时用Dunnett’s方法分析。
5.实验结果
5.1牡蛎肽对模型小鼠肝组织中GSH和SOD的影响。
从图2和图3可以看出,与空白组相比,模型组的GSH和SOD含量显著降低(P<0.01),与模型组相比,联苯双脂组和牡蛎肽低、中、高剂量组中GSH和SOD含量均有不同程度的升高,其中牡蛎肽低剂量组较模型组相比,能够显著提高GSH含量(P<0.01),牡蛎肽高剂量组较模型组相比,能够显著提高SOD含量(P<0.01)。
5.2牡蛎肽对模型小鼠肝组织中MDA的影响。
从图4可以看出,与空白组相比,模型组的MDA含量显著升高(P<0.01),与模型组相比,联苯双脂组和牡蛎肽低、中、高剂量组均能够显著降低小鼠肝组织中MDA含量(P<0.01)。
5.3牡蛎肽对模型小鼠肝组织中炎症因子的影响。
从图5可以看出,与空白组相比,模型组的IL-1β含量升高(P<0.01),与模型组相比,牡蛎肽低、中、高剂量组均能够显著降低IL-1β(P<0.01);此外,联苯双脂组和牡蛎肽高剂量组较模型组相比,IL-6含量显著降低(P<0.05)。
从图6可以看出,与空白组相比,模型组的TNF-α含量升高,与模型组相比,联苯双脂组和牡蛎肽低、中、高剂量组均能够显著降低TNF-α的含量(P<0.01)。
5.4牡蛎肽对模型小鼠血清中AST和ALT的影响。
从图7可以看出,与空白组相比,模型组的AST和ALT含量升高(P<0.01),与模型组相比,联苯双脂组和牡蛎肽低、中、高剂量组均能够显著降低AST和ALT含量(P<0.01)。
通过上述实施例可以证明,牡蛎肽对酒精性肝损伤小鼠具有保护作用,能够降低小鼠血清中ALT和AST含量,提高过氧化物酶SOD和GSH含量,降低MDA含量,缓解机体氧化应激,并降低小鼠肝组织中炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种牡蛎肽,其特征在于:牡蛎肽为下述氨基酸序列:
LAGELHQEQENYK,AIDTIINQK,DSYVGDEAQSK,PGTTEDEPVK,ETVIDTIQK,DLESQLK,NAETELGETSQR,EYDESGPSIVHR,DSDLEGHPTPR,HDNPGDLGDLH,AQCEMEPNH,ESAGIHETT或NTVLSGGTT。
2.一种权利要求1所述的牡蛎肽的应用,其特征在于:权利要求1所述氨基酸序列中的一种或几种在缓解、防治酒精性肝损伤中的应用。
3.按权利要求2所述的牡蛎肽的应用,其特征在于:以所述氨基酸序列中的一种或几种作为单一活性成分在制备防治酒精性肝损伤特医食品中的应用。
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