CN113383855A - Special fermented feed for solving constipation and production method thereof - Google Patents
Special fermented feed for solving constipation and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
- A23K10/28—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin from waste dairy products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
- A61K36/482—Cassia, e.g. golden shower tree
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
- A61K36/484—Glycyrrhiza (licorice)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/73—Rosaceae (Rose family), e.g. strawberry, chokeberry, blackberry, pear or firethorn
- A61K36/734—Crataegus (hawthorn)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/75—Rutaceae (Rue family)
- A61K36/752—Citrus, e.g. lime, orange or lemon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/10—Laxatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/14—Prodigestives, e.g. acids, enzymes, appetite stimulants, antidyspeptics, tonics, antiflatulents
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fermented feed, and particularly discloses a special fermented feed for solving constipation and a production method thereof; the fermented feed comprises: a first main material mainly comprising coarse fiber plant components, a second main material mainly comprising Chinese herbal medicines, a third auxiliary material mainly comprising premix components, and mixed bacteria liquid for fermentation; the production method comprises the following steps: preparing a first main material, a second main material and a third auxiliary material according to the weight ratio of the components; preparing a fermentation base solution; preparing mixed bacterial liquid; semi-continuous feeding fermentation is carried out in a fermentation tank, fermentation base liquid is intermittently fed, and the fermentation base liquid is intermittently discharged; the invention can solve the problem that the fermented feed is too early finished in the production process in the prior art, so that the palatability of the feed is poor, and the comprehensive effects of treating constipation and feeding are poor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fermented feed, in particular to special fermented feed for solving constipation and a production method thereof.
Background
The constipation phenomenon of the sows is very common, the sow can gradually reduce or even not eat food after constipation occurs, so that the sow is thinned, especially the lactating sow is agalactia or hypogalactia, the health of the lactating sow and the piglet is seriously affected, and the initial weight of the fetus is reduced. The fermented coarse plant fiber material including corn kernel, bean dregs, wheat bran, etc. has greatly improved taste, and the absorbed protein, sugar and amino acid content is greatly raised to become feed easy to be absorbed by animal.
Therefore, in the prior art, components capable of treating constipation are usually added into fermented feed, so that the aims of ensuring the rapid treatment of constipation, realizing good feeding effect and realizing higher economic benefit are achieved; however, the existing fermented feed cannot maintain proper thallus concentration in the preparation process, aggravates the contradiction of oxygen supply, has the problem of insufficient nutrients, easily causes the early termination of fermentation, and causes the poor palatability of the feed; in addition, due to the appetite problem caused by constipation, the pig only has insufficient food intake and poor weight gain, and the economic benefit is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the problem of among the prior art fermented feed end too early in the production process, cause the fodder palatability poor, lead to treatment of constipation and feed comprehensive effect relatively poor is solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a special fermented feed for relieving constipation comprises a first main material mainly containing crude fiber plant components, a second main material mainly containing Chinese herbal medicines, a third auxiliary material mainly containing premix components, and a mixed bacterial liquid for fermentation;
the first main material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 130-150 parts of corn kernels, 82-102 parts of soybean meal, 80-90 parts of wheat bran, 54-65 parts of wheat bran, 38-48 parts of sweet potatoes, 42-52 parts of fish meal, 35-45 parts of shell powder and 15-25 parts of whey;
the second main material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7-9 parts of tangerine peel powder, 6-8 parts of red yeast hawthorn powder, 5-7 parts of liquorice and 3-5 parts of folium sennae;
the third auxiliary material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of vitamin, 0.8-1 part of trace element, 0.8-1 part of synthetic amino acid and 0.2-0.6 part of calcium;
according to the volume ratio, the adding amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10-30%.
Further, the mixed bacterial liquid comprises saccharomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis.
Active substances such as subtilin, polymyxin, nystatin, gramicidin and the like generated in the growth process of bacillus subtilis have obvious inhibiting effect on pathogenic bacteria or conditional pathogenic bacteria of endogenous infection; meanwhile, the bacillus subtilis self-synthesizes enzymes such as alpha-amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase and the like, and the enzymes play a role together with digestive enzymes in an animal body in a digestive tract to improve the digestive function of the organism.
Bacillus licheniformis can promote organism to produce antibacterial active substance and kill pathogenic bacteria; has strong protease, lipase and amylase activity, can promote the absorption and utilization of nutrient substances by organisms, and can enhance the immunity of the organisms; meanwhile, the growth of normal physiological anaerobic bacteria in the intestinal tract is promoted, the imbalance of intestinal flora is adjusted, and the intestinal function is recovered.
Further, the second main material also comprises 3-5 parts of purslane according to parts by weight. Purslane is cold in nature, enters heart, liver, spleen and large intestine channels, has the effects of clearing heat, removing toxicity, promoting diuresis, eliminating dampness and the like, so that the purslane can lubricate intestinal tracts, so that excrement can be excreted more smoothly, the constipation treatment time can be greatly shortened, the pain of constipation can be timely relieved, and the purslane and lactic acid bacteria act synergistically to enable the excreted excrement to be odorless.
Furthermore, the vitamins in the third auxiliary material adopt rice chaff as a carrier; the trace elements adopt light calcium carbonate as a carrier. The rice chaff and the light calcium carbonate can respectively bear active ingredients of vitamins and trace elements; by utilizing the good chemical stability and adsorbability of the rice chaff and the light calcium carbonate, active ingredient particles of vitamins and trace elements are enlarged, the dispersibility of the active ingredient particles is greatly improved, and the feeding value is improved.
A production method of a special fermented feed for solving constipation comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: stock preparation
Preparing a first main material, a second main material and a third auxiliary material according to the weight ratio of the components;
wherein 130-150 parts of corn kernels, 82-102 parts of soybean meal, 80-90 parts of wheat bran, 54-65 parts of wheat bran, 38-48 parts of sweet potatoes, 42-52 parts of fish meal, 35-45 parts of shell powder, 15-25 parts of whey, 7-9 parts of tangerine peel powder, 6-8 parts of red yeast hawthorn powder, 5-7 parts of liquorice, 3-5 parts of senna leaves, 1-2 parts of vitamins, 0.8-1 part of trace elements, 0.8-1 part of synthetic amino acids and 0.2-0.6 part of calcium;
step two: preparation of fermentation broth
Adding 65-75 ℃ brown sugar water with the mass fraction of 40-60% into the whey prepared in the first step according to the weight ratio of 1: 2-3, stirring for 5-8 min, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 4.5-4.8, then heating to 90-96 ℃, and keeping for 3-5 min to obtain a fermentation base solution;
step three: preparation of mixed bacterial liquid
Selecting saccharomycetes, putting the saccharomycetes into a saccharomycetes culture medium, and culturing for 20-24 hours at the temperature of 25-28 ℃ to obtain a first seed solution;
selecting a lactic acid bacteria inoculant, inoculating the lactic acid bacteria inoculant to an MRS culture medium, and culturing for 13-15 hours at the temperature of 30-36 ℃ to obtain a second seed solution;
selecting bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, putting the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus licheniformis into the nutrient solution, and performing shake culture at 35-38 ℃ and 100-130 r/min for 20-24 hours to obtain a third seed solution;
then mixing and stirring the obtained first seed solution, the second seed solution and the third seed solution for 20-30 min, adding a fermentation base solution according to the inoculation amount of 5-15%, and carrying out shaking culture at 28-35 ℃ and 200-260 r/min for 24-36 h to obtain a mixed bacterial solution;
step four: semi-continuous feeding fermentation
Filling the rest raw materials prepared in the first step into a fermentation tank, and stirring for 10-20 min in a dry manner; then adding clear water with the temperature of 40-45 ℃ into the fermentation tank, and stirring for 10-20 min; wherein, the ratio of the volume of all raw materials to the volume of the added clear water in the fermentation tank is 1: 3-5;
then, spraying 10-30% of mixed bacteria liquid into the fermentation tank according to the volume ratio, and fermenting for 48-72 hours at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ to obtain fermented feed; after fermenting for 8-12 hours, supplementing 10-20% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction at intervals of 2-3 hours; discharging 20-40% of fermentation base liquid at intervals of 6-9 h according to volume fraction;
step five: packaging finished product
And C, adding the fermented feed obtained in the step four into a granulator, granulating, naturally drying and bagging.
Further, the first seed liquid in the third step contains 1.0 × 108CFU/g yeast; the second seed liquid contains 1.0 × 108Lactic acid bacteria in CFU/g; the third sub-solution contains 5.0 × 1010CFU/g of Bacillus subtilis and 3.0X 1010CFU/g of Bacillus licheniformis. The yeast can produce cellulase and hemicellulase, degrade cell walls and promote digestion of cellulose substances; through the mixing of the first seed liquid, the second seed liquid and the third seed liquid, nutrient substances can be promoted to be dissolved out to the maximum extent and be utilized by animals, the deficiency of endogenous enzymes in intestinal tracts is effectively supplemented, the digestibility of the animals to the feed is improved, the palatability of the feed is improved, and the animals are ensured to have higher absorptivity.
Further, in the fourth step, stirring is carried out at a speed of 130-160 r/min for 10min at intervals of 3-5 hours. The fermentation quality can be ensured through intermittent stirring, the uniform distribution of the fermentation base liquid is ensured, the good taste of the fermented feed is favorably ensured, and the palatability of the feed is improved.
Further, in the second step, adding 65-75 ℃ brown sugar water with the mass fraction of 40-60% into the whey prepared in the first step according to the weight ratio of 1: 1-2, stirring for 5-8 min, and adding 10-15% of glucose with the mass fraction; and then heating to 90-96 ℃, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.5-4.8, and keeping for 3-5 min to obtain a fermentation base solution. Sufficient monosaccharide can be ensured in the fermentation process by adding glucose, so that the fungus can be rapidly absorbed conveniently, and the high-efficiency fermentation process is facilitated.
Further, adding clear water of 40-45 ℃ into the fermentation tank in the fourth step, and stirring for 10-20 min; wherein, the ratio of the volume of all raw materials to the volume of the added clear water in the fermentation tank is 1:2. increasing the start-up speed of the fermentation by reducing the water; because the materials do not fully absorb water and expand, certain gaps exist among material particles, namely certain air exists, and microorganisms can quickly enter aerobic fermentation under the aerobic condition.
Further, in the fourth step, spraying 35% of mixed bacteria liquid into the fermentation tank according to the volume ratio, and fermenting for 48 hours at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ to obtain fermented feed; after fermenting for 6-8 hours, supplementing 25% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction at intervals of 2 hours; and discharging 20-40% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction every 5-6 h. The inhibition and catabolic repression of the bottom liquid can be relieved by supplementing the fermentation bottom liquid with higher concentration at intervals; the method avoids the phenomenon that a large amount of cells grow and are aerobic due to excessive sugar input at one time in the fermentation process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the fermented feed provided by the invention, the tangerine peel powder, the red yeast rice hawthorn powder, the liquorice, the senna leaf and the purslane are added according to a certain proportion, so that the fermented feed has good effects of invigorating stomach and helping digestion, can lubricate an intestinal tract, enables excrement to be excreted more smoothly, and can greatly shorten the time for treating constipation; the fermented feed provided by the invention can treat constipation of pigs, simultaneously increase the palatability of the feed, avoid the problem of inappetence caused by constipation, and ensure the stable weight increment of the pigs.
According to the production method provided by the invention, the repression effect of a carbon source can be removed through semi-continuous feeding fermentation, the proper thallus concentration is maintained, and the contradiction of oxygen supply is greatly relieved; can overcome the shortage of nutrients and avoid the premature end of fermentation; and alleviate the accumulation of harmful metabolites; and the semi-continuous feeding fermentation is convenient to control, and is beneficial to automatic production.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a special fermented feed for relieving constipation comprises a first main material mainly containing crude fiber plant components, a second main material mainly containing Chinese herbal medicines, a third auxiliary material mainly containing premix components, and a mixed bacterial liquid for fermentation;
the first main material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 130 parts of corn kernels, 82 parts of bean pulp, 80 parts of wheat bran, 54 parts of wheat bran, 38 parts of sweet potatoes, 42 parts of fish meal, 35 parts of shell powder and 15 parts of whey;
the second main material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7 parts of tangerine peel powder, 6 parts of red yeast hawthorn powder, 5 parts of liquorice and 3 parts of senna leaves;
the third auxiliary material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of vitamin, 0.8 part of trace element, 0.8 part of synthetic amino acid and 0.2 part of calcium;
the amount of the mixed bacterial liquid added was 11% by volume.
The mixed bacteria liquid specifically comprises yeast bacteria liquid, lactic acid bacteria liquid, bacillus subtilis liquid and bacillus licheniformis liquid, and is added according to the usage amount of the volume ratio of 1:1:1: 1.
The second main material also comprises 3 parts of purslane according to parts by weight.
Vitamins in the third auxiliary material adopt rice chaff as a carrier; the trace elements adopt light calcium carbonate as a carrier.
Example 2:
a production method of a special fermented feed for solving constipation comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: stock preparation
Preparing a first main material, a second main material and a third auxiliary material according to the weight ratio of the components;
wherein, 130 parts of corn kernels, 82 parts of bean pulp, 80 parts of wheat bran, 54 parts of wheat bran, 38 parts of sweet potato, 42 parts of fish meal, 35 parts of shell powder, 15 parts of whey, 7 parts of dried orange peel powder, 6 parts of red yeast hawthorn powder, 5 parts of liquorice, 3 parts of senna leaves, 1 part of vitamin, 0.8 part of trace element, 0.8 part of synthetic amino acid and 0.2 part of calcium;
step two: preparation of fermentation broth
Adding brown sugar water with the mass fraction of 40% at 65 ℃ into the whey prepared in the first step according to the weight ratio of 1:2, stirring for 5min, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.5, heating to 90 ℃, and keeping for 3min to obtain a fermentation base solution;
step three: preparation of mixed bacterial liquid
Selecting yeast, putting the yeast into a yeast culture medium, and culturing for 20 hours at 25 ℃ to obtain a first seed solution;
selecting a lactobacillus inoculant, inoculating the lactobacillus inoculant to an MRS culture medium, and culturing for 13 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain a second seed solution;
selecting Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, placing into the nutrient solution, and shake culturing at 35 deg.C and 100r/min for 20 hr to obtain a third seed solution;
then mixing and stirring the obtained first seed solution, second seed solution and third seed solution for 20min, adding fermentation base solution according to the inoculation amount of 5%, and carrying out shaking culture at 28 ℃ and 200r/min for 24h to obtain mixed bacterial solution; wherein the first seed liquid contains 1.0 × 108CFU/g yeast; the second seed liquid contains 1.0 × 108Lactic acid bacteria in CFU/g; the third sub-solution contains 5.0 × 1010CFU/g of Bacillus subtilis and 3.0X 1010CFU/g of Bacillus licheniformis;
step four: semi-continuous feeding fermentation
Filling the rest raw materials prepared in the first step into a fermentation tank, and stirring for 10min in a dry manner; then adding clear water of 40 ℃ into the fermentation tank, and stirring for 10 min; wherein, the ratio of the volume of the raw materials in the fermentation tank to the volume of the added clear water is 1: 3;
then, spraying 10% of mixed bacteria liquid into a fermentation tank according to the volume ratio, and fermenting for 48 hours at 30 ℃ to obtain fermented feed; after fermenting for 8 hours, supplementing 10% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction at an interval of 2 hours; discharging 20% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction every 6 h; stirring at the speed of 130r/min for 10min at intervals of 3 hours;
step five: packaging finished product
And C, adding the fermented feed obtained in the step four into a granulator, granulating, naturally drying and bagging.
Example 3:
the difference from example 2 is:
a production method of a special fermented feed for solving constipation comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: stock preparation
Preparing a first main material, a second main material and a third auxiliary material according to the weight ratio of the components;
wherein, 150 parts of corn kernels, 102 parts of soybean meal, 90 parts of wheat bran, 65 parts of wheat bran, 48 parts of sweet potato, 52 parts of fish meal, 45 parts of shell powder, 25 parts of whey, 9 parts of dried orange peel powder, 8 parts of red yeast hawthorn powder, 7 parts of liquorice, 5 parts of senna leaves, 2 parts of vitamins, 1 part of trace elements, 1 part of synthetic amino acid and 0.6 part of calcium;
step two: preparation of fermentation broth
Adding brown sugar water with the mass fraction of 60% at 75 ℃ into the whey prepared in the first step according to the weight ratio of 1:3, stirring for 8min, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.8, heating to 96 ℃, and keeping for 5min to obtain a fermentation base solution;
step three: preparation of mixed bacterial liquid
Selecting yeast, putting the yeast into a yeast culture medium, and culturing for 24 hours at the temperature of 28 ℃ to obtain a first seed liquid;
selecting a lactobacillus inoculant, inoculating the lactobacillus inoculant to an MRS culture medium, and culturing for 15h at 36 ℃ to obtain a second seed solution;
selecting bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, putting into the nutrient solution, and performing shake culture at 38 ℃ and 130r/min for 24 hours to obtain a third seed solution;
then mixing and stirring the obtained first seed solution, second seed solution and third seed solution for 30min, adding fermentation base solution according to 15% of inoculation amount, and carrying out shake culture at 35 ℃ and 260r/min for 36h to obtain mixed bacterial liquid; wherein the first seed liquid contains 1.0 × 108CFU/g yeast; the second seed liquid contains 1.0 × 108Lactic acid bacteria in CFU/g; the third sub-solution contains 5.0 × 1010CFU/g of Bacillus subtilis and 3.0X 1010CFU/g of Bacillus licheniformis;
step four: semi-continuous feeding fermentation
Filling the rest raw materials prepared in the first step into a fermentation tank, and stirring for 20min in a dry manner; then adding clear water with the temperature of 45 ℃ into the fermentation tank, and stirring for 20 min; wherein, the ratio of the volume of the raw materials in the fermentation tank to the volume of the added clear water is 1: 5;
then, spraying 30% of mixed bacteria liquid into a fermentation tank according to the volume ratio, and fermenting for 72 hours at 35 ℃ to obtain fermented feed; wherein, after fermenting for 12h, 20% of fermentation base solution is supplemented according to volume fraction at an interval of 3 h; discharging 40% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction every 9 h; stirring at the speed of 160r/min for 10min at intervals of 5 hours;
step five: packaging finished product
And C, adding the fermented feed obtained in the step four into a granulator, granulating, naturally drying and bagging.
Example 4:
the difference from example 2 is:
a production method of a special fermented feed for solving constipation comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: stock preparation
Preparing a first main material, a second main material and a third auxiliary material according to the weight ratio of the components;
wherein, 140 parts of corn kernels, 92 parts of soybean meal, 85 parts of wheat bran, 60 parts of wheat bran, 43 parts of sweet potato, 47 parts of fish meal, 40 parts of shell powder, 20 parts of whey, 8 parts of dried orange peel powder, 7 parts of red yeast hawthorn powder, 6 parts of liquorice, 4 parts of senna leaves, 1.5 parts of vitamins, 0.9 part of trace elements, 0.9 part of synthetic amino acid and 0.4 part of calcium;
step two: preparation of fermentation broth
Adding brown sugar water with a mass fraction of 50% at 70 ℃ into the prepared whey according to a weight ratio of 1:2.5, stirring for 7min, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.6, heating to 93 ℃, and keeping for 4min to obtain a fermentation base solution;
step three: preparation of mixed bacterial liquid
Selecting yeast, putting the yeast into a yeast culture medium, and culturing for 22 hours at the temperature of 27 ℃ to obtain a first seed liquid;
selecting a lactobacillus inoculant, inoculating the lactobacillus inoculant to an MRS culture medium, and culturing for 14h at 33 ℃ to obtain a second seed solution;
selecting Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, adding into the nutrient solution, and shake culturing at 37 deg.C and 115r/min for 22h to obtain a third seed solution;
then the obtained first seed liquid, second seed liquid and third seed liquid are mixedMixing and stirring the seed solution for 25min, adding a fermentation base solution according to the inoculation amount of 10%, and carrying out shaking culture at the temperature of 28-35 ℃ and at the speed of 200-260 r/min for 24-36 h to obtain a mixed bacterial solution; wherein the first seed liquid contains 1.0 × 108CFU/g yeast; the second seed liquid contains 1.0 × 108Lactic acid bacteria in CFU/g; the third sub-solution contains 5.0 × 1010CFU/g of Bacillus subtilis and 3.0X 1010CFU/g of Bacillus licheniformis;
step four: semi-continuous feeding fermentation
Filling the rest raw materials prepared in the first step into a fermentation tank, and stirring for 15min in a dry manner; then adding clear water with the temperature of 43 ℃ into the fermentation tank, and stirring for 15 min; wherein, the ratio of the volume of the raw materials in the fermentation tank to the volume of the added clear water is 1: 4;
then, spraying 10-30% of mixed bacteria liquid into the fermentation tank according to the volume ratio, and fermenting for 60 hours at 33 ℃ to obtain fermented feed; wherein, after fermenting for 10h, 15% of fermentation base solution is supplemented according to volume fraction at an interval of 2.5 h; discharging 30% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction every 8 h; stirring at the speed of 145r/min for 10min at intervals of 4 h;
step five: packaging finished product
And C, adding the fermented feed obtained in the step four into a granulator, granulating, naturally drying and bagging.
Example 5:
the difference from example 2 is:
in the second step, adding brown sugar water with the mass fraction of 40% at the temperature of 65 ℃ into the whey prepared in the first step according to the weight ratio of 1:1, stirring for 5min, and adding glucose with the mass fraction of 10%; then heating to 90 deg.C, adding acetic acid to adjust pH to 4.5, and maintaining for 3min to obtain fermentation base solution.
Adding clear water of 40 ℃ into the fermentation tank in the fourth step, and stirring for 10 min; wherein, the ratio of the volume of all raw materials to the volume of the added clear water in the fermentation tank is 1:2.
in the fourth step, spraying 35% of mixed bacteria liquid into the fermentation tank according to the volume ratio, and fermenting for 48 hours at 30 ℃ to obtain fermented feed; after fermenting for 6 hours, supplementing 25% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction at an interval of 2 hours; every 5h, discharging 20% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction.
Example 6:
the difference from example 2 is:
in the second step, adding brown sugar water with the mass fraction of 60% at the temperature of 75 ℃ into the whey prepared in the first step according to the weight ratio of 1:2, stirring for 8min, and adding glucose with the mass fraction of 15%; then heating to 96 ℃, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 4.8, and keeping for 5min to obtain fermentation base liquid.
Adding clear water of 45 ℃ into the fermentation tank in the fourth step, and stirring for 20 min; wherein, the ratio of the volume of all raw materials to the volume of the added clear water in the fermentation tank is 1:2.
in the fourth step, spraying 35% of mixed bacteria liquid into the fermentation tank according to the volume ratio, and fermenting for 48 hours at 35 ℃ to obtain fermented feed; after fermenting for 8 hours, supplementing 25% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction at an interval of 2 hours; at intervals of 6h, discharging 40% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction.
Test example: the fermented feed prepared by the method of the embodiment 2-6 is fed to 35 middle pigs and 15 big pigs in a certain pig farm for 12 days; and compared with the traditional feed for solving constipation; among them, 15 big pigs all have serious constipation symptom; the experimental data are recorded as follows:
table 1: average daily gain and constipation treatment status of pigs fed for 12 days
The fermented feed prepared by the invention has excellent effect of treating constipation of pigs, can greatly reduce the influence of constipation on the weight gain of the pigs, ensures that the food intake of the pigs is not influenced in the constipation treatment process, prepares the fermented base solution by using whey, adopts a semi-continuous feed supplement fermentation mode to treat the fermented feed, has aromatic smell and good palatability, generates a large amount of rich single-cell protein, active lactobacillus, trace elements and vitamins after fermentation, and can realize stable and continuous weight gain of the pigs.
The fermented feed produced by the invention is obviously superior to the traditional feed by the comparison, and the method for preparing the feed in example 5 is the best embodiment in the experiment, so that the daily gain of the middle pigs and the big pigs can be kept at a high level, and the constipation symptom of the big pigs can be eliminated by 100 percent.
Claims (10)
1. A special fermented feed for solving constipation is characterized by comprising a first main material taking crude fiber plant components as main components, a second main material taking Chinese herbal medicines as main components, a third auxiliary material taking premix components as main components and mixed bacterial liquid for fermentation;
the first main material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 130-150 parts of corn kernels, 82-102 parts of soybean meal, 80-90 parts of wheat bran, 54-65 parts of wheat bran, 38-48 parts of sweet potatoes, 42-52 parts of fish meal, 35-45 parts of shell powder and 15-25 parts of whey;
the second main material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7-9 parts of tangerine peel powder, 6-8 parts of red yeast hawthorn powder, 5-7 parts of liquorice and 3-5 parts of folium sennae;
the third auxiliary material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of vitamin, 0.8-1 part of trace element, 0.8-1 part of synthetic amino acid and 0.2-0.6 part of calcium;
according to the volume ratio, the adding amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10-30%.
2. The method for producing the fermented feed special for relieving constipation according to claim 1, wherein the mixed bacterial liquid comprises yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, and bacillus licheniformis.
3. The production method of the special fermented feed for solving constipation according to claim 1, wherein the second main material further comprises 3-5 parts by weight of purslane.
4. The method for producing the special fermented feed for relieving constipation according to claim 1, wherein the vitamins in the third auxiliary material are rice chaff as a carrier; the trace elements adopt light calcium carbonate as a carrier.
5. The method for producing the special fermented feed for relieving constipation according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: stock preparation
Preparing a first main material, a second main material and a third auxiliary material according to the weight ratio of the components;
wherein 130-150 parts of corn kernels, 82-102 parts of soybean meal, 80-90 parts of wheat bran, 54-65 parts of wheat bran, 38-48 parts of sweet potatoes, 42-52 parts of fish meal, 35-45 parts of shell powder, 15-25 parts of whey, 7-9 parts of tangerine peel powder, 6-8 parts of red yeast hawthorn powder, 5-7 parts of liquorice, 3-5 parts of senna leaves, 1-2 parts of vitamins, 0.8-1 part of trace elements, 0.8-1 part of synthetic amino acids and 0.2-0.6 part of calcium;
step two: preparation of fermentation broth
Adding 65-75 ℃ brown sugar water with the mass fraction of 40-60% into the whey prepared in the first step according to the weight ratio of 1: 2-3, stirring for 5-8 min, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 4.5-4.8, then heating to 90-96 ℃, and keeping for 3-5 min to obtain a fermentation base solution;
step three: preparation of mixed bacterial liquid
Selecting saccharomycetes, putting the saccharomycetes into a saccharomycetes culture medium, and culturing for 20-24 hours at the temperature of 25-28 ℃ to obtain a first seed solution;
selecting a lactic acid bacteria inoculant, inoculating the lactic acid bacteria inoculant to an MRS culture medium, and culturing for 13-15 hours at the temperature of 30-36 ℃ to obtain a second seed solution;
selecting bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, putting the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus licheniformis into the nutrient solution, and performing shake culture at 35-38 ℃ and 100-130 r/min for 20-24 hours to obtain a third seed solution;
then mixing and stirring the obtained first seed solution, the second seed solution and the third seed solution for 20-30 min, adding a fermentation base solution according to the inoculation amount of 5-15%, and carrying out shaking culture at 28-35 ℃ and 200-260 r/min for 24-36 h to obtain a mixed bacterial solution;
step four: semi-continuous feeding fermentation
Filling the rest raw materials prepared in the first step into a fermentation tank, and stirring for 10-20 min in a dry manner; then adding clear water with the temperature of 40-45 ℃ into the fermentation tank, and stirring for 10-20 min; wherein, the ratio of the volume of the raw materials in the fermentation tank to the volume of the added clear water is 1: 3-5;
then, spraying 10-30% of mixed bacteria liquid into the fermentation tank according to the volume ratio, and fermenting for 48-72 hours at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ to obtain fermented feed; after fermenting for 8-12 hours, supplementing 10-20% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction at intervals of 2-3 hours; discharging 20-40% of fermentation base liquid at intervals of 6-9 h according to volume fraction;
step five: packaging finished product
And C, adding the fermented feed obtained in the step four into a granulator, granulating, naturally drying and bagging.
6. The method for producing fermented feed for constipation according to claim 5, wherein the first seed liquid of step three contains 1.0X 108CFU/g yeast; the second seed liquid contains 1.0 × 108Lactic acid bacteria in CFU/g; the third sub-solution contains 5.0 × 1010CFU/g of Bacillus subtilis and 3.0X 1010CFU/g of Bacillus licheniformis.
7. The method for producing the fermented feed special for constipation relief according to claim 5, wherein the stirring is performed at a speed of 130 to 160r/min for 10min at 3 to 5 hour intervals in the fourth step.
8. The production method of the special fermented feed for solving constipation according to claim 5, wherein in the second step, 65-75 ℃ brown sugar water with the mass fraction of 40-60% is added to the whey prepared in the first step according to the weight ratio of 1: 1-2, and after stirring for 5-8 min, glucose with the mass fraction of 10-15% is added; and then heating to 90-96 ℃, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.5-4.8, and keeping for 3-5 min to obtain a fermentation base solution.
9. The method for producing the special fermented feed for relieving constipation according to claim 8, wherein in step four, clear water at 40-45 ℃ is added to the fermentation tank, and the mixture is stirred for 10-20 min; wherein, the ratio of the volume of all raw materials to the volume of the added clear water in the fermentation tank is 1:2.
10. the method for producing the special fermented feed for relieving constipation according to claim 9, wherein in the fourth step, 35% of the mixed bacterial liquid is sprayed into the fermentation tank according to the volume ratio, and the fermentation is carried out for 48 hours at 30-35 ℃ to obtain the fermented feed; after fermenting for 6-8 hours, supplementing 25% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction at intervals of 2 hours; and discharging 20-40% of fermentation base liquid according to volume fraction every 5-6 h.
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