CN113383775A - Compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- A01N33/12—Quaternary ammonium compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/50—1,3-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazoles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant, which comprises a quaternary ammonium salt mixture, an antifreezing agent and water, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt mixture is a mixture of a single-chain quaternary ammonium salt, a double-chain quaternary ammonium salt and a heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt. By compounding and cooperating the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt with the single-chain and double-chain quaternary ammonium salt, the sterilization effect can be greatly improved. The bactericide is a quaternary ammonium salt compound, has no corrosivity and no pungent smell, does not cause negative effects on operators and the environment, and can be used for disinfection at the temperature of minus 40 ℃ and above. The application also provides a preparation method of the compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical disinfectants, and particularly relates to a compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the field of disinfection, most of researches mainly focus on the disinfection effect of the disinfectant under the normal temperature condition or the high temperature condition, and pay attention to disinfection in the low temperature environment, and corresponding low-temperature disinfection products are few.
Patent CN112450220A discloses a disinfection material used in low temperature environment and its preparation method, the disinfection material is chlorine-containing chemical substance, and the solvent is diethyl ether, acetone, DMF, carbon tetrachloride, etc. The known chlorine-containing disinfectant has high corrosivity and large smell in the use process, and brings certain trouble to operators; the solvent used in the patent has high toxicity, can bring certain influence on the health of operators in the use process, and can also cause certain hidden danger to food safety when used for disinfecting in the food cold chain link.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant and a preparation method thereof to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide the compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant, the disinfectant is a quaternary ammonium salt compound, the product has no corrosivity and no pungent smell, does not cause negative effects on operators and the environment, and can be used for disinfection at the temperature of minus 40 ℃ and above.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention provides a compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant, which comprises a quaternary ammonium salt mixture, an antifreezing agent and water, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt mixture is a mixture of single-chain quaternary ammonium salt, double-chain quaternary ammonium salt and heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt.
Compared with the prior art, the compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant comprises a quaternary ammonium salt mixture, an antifreezing agent and water, and the antifreezing agent is introduced to enable the disinfectant to be carried out at a low temperature of-40 DEG CSterilizing; the cell surface of bacteria often carries negative charges, the traditional disinfection mode only adopts single-chain and double-chain compounded quaternary ammonium salt for disinfection, surfactant ions generated when the quaternary ammonium salt is ionized in aqueous solution are positively charged and can interact with the surface of the bacterial cell membrane with the negative charges to achieve the purpose of sterilization, and the technical scheme of the invention adopts the compounding of the single-chain, double-chain and heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt to achieve the synergistic effect on the sterilization effect of the quaternary ammonium salt, thereby greatly improving the sterilization effect. The double-chain quaternary ammonium salt has a structure containing two long-chain hydrophobic groups and two positively charged N+The positive charge density of quaternary nitrogen is increased through induction, and the adsorption capacity of the disinfectant on the surface of bacteria is increased, so that the permeability of the membrane is changed, and the thalli are broken. In addition, the disinfectant contains two hydrophobic groups, so that the disinfectant can enter a lipoid layer and a protein layer of a thallus cell more favorably, and related enzymes in bacteria are inactivated, so that protein denaturation is caused. The heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt contains N atoms in the molecular structure, so that the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt can easily form hydrogen bonds with anions, enzymes, DNA and RNA in organisms to play a role in sterilization. Therefore, the sterilization effect can be greatly improved by compounding and cooperating the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt with the single-chain and double-chain quaternary ammonium salt.
Preferably, the single-chain quaternary ammonium salt is at least one selected from benzalkonium chloride and benzalkonium bromide.
Preferably, the double-chain quaternary ammonium salt is at least one selected from the group consisting of didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and dioctyl/decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. Preferably, dioctyl/decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride is used.
Preferably, the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt is a quaternary ammonium salt containing pyridine, triazole or imidazole in a molecular structure.
Preferably, the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt is at least one of cetyl pyridinium chloride, dodecyl ethyl pyridinium bromide, imidazoline oleic acid quaternary ammonium salt and 1-hydroxyethyl-2-cycloalkyl-3-benzyl-2-imidazoline ammonium chloride.
Preferably, the compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein, the content of the quaternary ammonium salt mixture can be but not limited to 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%; the content of the synergist can be, but is not limited to, 0.6%, 1%, 1.4%, 1.8%, 2.2%, 2.6%, 3%; the content of the antifreeze can be, but is not limited to, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%; the content of the thickener can be but is not limited to 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1%; the balance of water, which is 100 percent in total.
Preferably, the synergist is hexamethylenetetramine, the quaternary ammonium salt and the hexamethylenetetramine are compounded, and the hexamethylenetetramine has a synergistic effect on the bactericidal effect of the quaternary ammonium salt under a certain compounding ratio. Further, the compounding ratio of the quaternary ammonium salt mixture to the synergist is 1: 3-1: 6.
Preferably, the antifreezing agent is a compound of an organic solvent and an inorganic salt. The addition amounts of the organic solvent and the inorganic salt are reduced by compounding the organic solvent and the inorganic salt, so that the dangerous condition caused by the organic solvent in the production, transportation and use processes of the product is avoided; the addition of the organic solvent can effectively reduce the viscosity of the finished product and simultaneously avoid the negative influence on the environment caused by using a large amount of inorganic salt. Preferably, the organic solvent is an alcohol solvent, and the alcohol solvent can play a synergistic role in the bactericidal effect of the quaternary ammonium salt. Wherein, the alcohol solvent can be, but not limited to, ethanol and propylene glycol. The inorganic salt may be, but is not limited to, sodium chloride, calcium chloride. More preferably, the antifreeze is a mixture of ethanol, propylene glycol, sodium chloride, calcium chloride.
Preferably, the thickener is at least one of tallow alkyl bis hydroxyethyl amine oxide, dodecyl dihydroxy ethyl amine oxide, and coco alkyl bis hydroxyethyl amine oxide. It should be understood that, in the technical scheme, the thickener is adopted to be in a nonionic type, the main disinfection function of the disinfectant is a quaternary ammonium salt mixture, the quaternary ammonium salt belongs to cations, the nonionic and the cations are compounded, nonionic surfactant molecules are inserted between polar head groups of the ionic surfactant by virtue of the hydrophobic effect and the interaction between the polar head groups, so that the repulsion force between the original cationic surface active ion head groups is weakened, the charge density is reduced, the mixed surfactant is easier to form micelles in the solution, the cationic sterilization effect is enhanced, and the sterilization effect of the quaternary ammonium salt mixture can be greatly promoted.
Correspondingly, the application also provides a preparation method of the compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant, which comprises the following steps:
and uniformly stirring the quaternary ammonium salt mixture, the antifreezing agent and water to obtain the compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant.
Preferably, when the disinfectant contains a synergist and a thickener, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
and uniformly stirring the quaternary ammonium salt mixture, the antifreezing agent, the synergist, the thickening agent and water to obtain the compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant.
Preferably, when the anti-freezing agent is a compound of an organic solvent and an inorganic salt, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
dissolving inorganic salt in water, adding organic solvent, stirring, sequentially adding quaternary ammonium salt mixture, synergist and thickener, stirring, and supplementing water.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant comprises the following steps:
dissolving 15g of calcium chloride in water, filtering, adding 10g of ethanol, and uniformly stirring; then, 0.2g of benzalkonium chloride, 0.3g of didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, 0.2g of oleic acid imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt, 0.8g of hexamethylenetetramine and 0.2g of tallow alkyl bis-hydroxyethyl amine oxide are added into the mixture in sequence, stirred and dissolved uniformly, and the balance of water is supplemented.
Example 2
A preparation method of a compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant comprises the following steps:
dissolving 20g of calcium chloride in water, filtering, adding 10g of ethanol and 5g of propylene glycol, and uniformly stirring; then 0.35g of benzalkonium chloride, 0.1g of didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, 0.05g of deca-ethyl pyridine bromide, 1.8g of hexamethylenetetramine and 0.3g of dodecyl dihydroxyethyl amine oxide are added into the mixture in sequence, stirred and dissolved uniformly, and the balance of water is filled.
Example 3
A preparation method of a compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant comprises the following steps:
dissolving 15g of calcium chloride in water, filtering, sequentially adding 0.2g of benzalkonium chloride, 0.3g of didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, 0.2g of imidazoline quaternary ammonium oleate, 0.8g of hexamethylenetetramine and 0.2g of tallow alkyl bis-hydroxyethyl amine oxide, stirring and dissolving uniformly, and supplementing the balance of water.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant comprises the following steps:
dissolving 15g of calcium chloride in water, filtering, adding 10g of ethanol, and uniformly stirring; then 0.7g of benzalkonium chloride, 0.8g of hexamethylenetetramine and 0.2g of tallow alkyl bis-hydroxyethyl amine oxide are added into the mixture in sequence, stirred and dissolved evenly, and the rest water is supplemented.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant comprises the following steps:
dissolving 15g of calcium chloride in water, filtering, adding 10g of ethanol, and uniformly stirring; then 0.2g of benzalkonium chloride, 0.5g of didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, 0.8g of hexamethylenetetramine and 0.2g of tallow alkyl bis-hydroxyethyl amine oxide are added into the mixture in sequence, stirred and dissolved evenly, and the rest water is supplemented.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant comprises the following steps:
dissolving 15g of calcium chloride in water, filtering, adding 10g of ethanol, and uniformly stirring; then 0.2g of benzalkonium chloride, 0.3g of didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, 0.2g of oleic acid imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt and 0.2g of tallow alkyl bis-hydroxyethyl amine oxide are added into the mixture in sequence, stirred and dissolved evenly, and the balance of water is supplemented.
The compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant of the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 is subjected to performance test, and items and methods of the performance test are as follows:
(1) low temperature test
According to the requirements of 'Notification of national health Commission office on the technical requirements of the low-temperature disinfectant sanitation and safety evaluation for printing', 5ml of the low-temperature disinfectant is taken and placed at a corresponding low temperature for over night (>8h), the temperature is-20 ℃ or-40 ℃, and the properties of the low-temperature disinfectant are observed and recorded, referring to Table 1.
(2) Sterilization test
The method is carried out according to the method of ' Notification of the national health Commission office on the technical requirement of the evaluation of the hygiene safety of the low-temperature disinfectant and the ' Disinfection technical Specification ' (2002 edition). The action concentration is the original solution, the action time is 15min, refer to Table 2.
TABLE 1 Low temperature test results
| Test group | Status of state |
| Example 1 | The sample is liquid, and has no precipitation and no crystallization |
| Example 2 | The sample is liquid, and has no precipitation and no crystallization |
| Example 3 | The sample is liquid, and has no precipitation and no crystallization |
| Comparative example 1 | The sample is liquid, and has no precipitation and no crystallization |
| Comparative example 2 | The sample is liquid, and has no precipitation and no crystallization |
| Comparative example 3 | The sample is liquid, and has no precipitation and no crystallization |
TABLE 2 results of the Sterilization test
Note: number of positive control colonies/(cfu/plate): staphylococcus aureus 3.48 x 106; escherichia coli 3.38X 106.
The experimental results in tables 1-2 show that the compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant is very stable in low-temperature conditions, has no precipitation and no crystallization, can still have an excellent sterilization effect particularly at a low temperature of-40 ℃, and has strong low-temperature adaptability and a good sterilization effect.
In comparison with example 3, example 1 shows that the alcohol-based solvent contained in the antifreeze can enhance the bactericidal effect of the quaternary ammonium salt.
The comparison between example 1 and comparative examples 1-2 shows that the bactericidal effect of the quaternary ammonium salt mixture is reduced when the quaternary ammonium salt mixture lacks the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt, which indicates that the addition of the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt can greatly improve the bactericidal effect by the synergistic effect of the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt and the compounding of the single-chain and double-chain quaternary ammonium salts
As is clear from comparison of example 1 with comparative example 3, the bactericidal effect was greatly reduced when hexamethylenetetramine was not present in the disinfectant.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant is characterized by comprising a quaternary ammonium salt mixture, an antifreezing agent and water, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt mixture is a mixture of a single-chain quaternary ammonium salt, a double-chain quaternary ammonium salt and a heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt.
2. The compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the double-chain quaternary ammonium salt is at least one selected from the group consisting of didecyldimethyl ammonium bromide, didecyldimethyl ammonium chloride and dioctyl/decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.
3. The compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt is a quaternary ammonium salt containing pyridine, triazole or imidazole in a molecular structure.
4. The compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant as claimed in claim 3, wherein the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt is at least one of cetyl pyridinium chloride, dodecyl ethyl pyridinium bromide, imidazoline oleic quaternary ammonium salt and 1-hydroxyethyl-2-cycloalkyl-3-benzyl-2-imidazoline ammonium chloride.
5. The compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antifreezing agent is a compound of an organic solvent and an inorganic salt.
6. The compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant as claimed in claim 5, wherein the antifreezing agent is a mixture of ethanol, propylene glycol, sodium chloride and calcium chloride.
7. The compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, which comprises the following components by mass percent:
8. the compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant as claimed in claim 7, wherein the synergist is hexamethylenetetramine.
9. The compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant as set forth in claim 7, wherein the thickener is at least one of tallow alkyl bis hydroxyethyl amine oxide, dodecyl dihydroxy ethyl amine oxide, and coco alkyl bis hydroxyethyl amine oxide.
10. A method for preparing the compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, which comprises the steps of:
and uniformly stirring the quaternary ammonium salt mixture, the antifreezing agent and water to obtain the compound quaternary ammonium salt low-temperature disinfectant.
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| CN113892485A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-07 | 广州汇纳生物科技有限公司 | Low-temperature freezing disinfectant and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115606592A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-01-17 | 大连理工大学 | Low-temperature quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant and application thereof |
| CN115943954A (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-04-11 | 广州市拓瑞科技有限公司 | Halogen-free composite cationic low-temperature disinfectant and preparation method thereof |
| CN116114715A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-05-16 | 江苏康巴特生物工程有限公司 | Low-temperature quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant for livestock and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113892485A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-07 | 广州汇纳生物科技有限公司 | Low-temperature freezing disinfectant and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN116114715A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-05-16 | 江苏康巴特生物工程有限公司 | Low-temperature quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant for livestock and preparation method thereof |
| CN115943954A (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-04-11 | 广州市拓瑞科技有限公司 | Halogen-free composite cationic low-temperature disinfectant and preparation method thereof |
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