CN1132987C - 用于高强度墙壁和覆盖组件的建筑夹层镶板的制造方法 - Google Patents

用于高强度墙壁和覆盖组件的建筑夹层镶板的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1132987C
CN1132987C CN99816917XA CN99816917A CN1132987C CN 1132987 C CN1132987 C CN 1132987C CN 99816917X A CN99816917X A CN 99816917XA CN 99816917 A CN99816917 A CN 99816917A CN 1132987 C CN1132987 C CN 1132987C
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CN1371445A (zh
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弗朗切斯科·多纳蒂
朱塞佩·多纳蒂
皮耶罗萨里奥·奥贝蒂
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于高强度墙壁和覆盖组件的建筑夹层镶板及其制造方法。这种镶板包括有至少一个板状元件和至少一个胶接在所述板状元件上的回纹板。所述方法包括一个使用一个相应的成型元件使一个扁平薄板元件成型而制得所述回纹板的第一步骤，和一个将所述至少一个板状元件和回纹板互相胶接在一起的第二操作步骤，其中成型元件包括一个冲击工具，该工具被驱动而在所述扁平薄板元件上进行多次冲击操作，使其按照一个回纹结构变形，所述冲击工具包括有一个具有一个第一回纹结构部分的第一元件和另一个具有一个与所述冲击工具的所述第一回纹结构部分相吻合的第二回纹结构部分的第二元件。本发明所得镶板具有较高的强度和稳固性以及较长的寿命。

Description

用于高强度墙壁和覆盖组件的建筑夹层镶板的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于高强度墙壁和覆盖组件的建筑夹层镶板的制造方法。
背景技术
用于民间、工业、船舶、铁路等领域的由一对相互平行接合的板状元件所组成的纵向隔离镶板和水平覆盖镶板早已为众所周知。
这对板状元件的接合是通过在这两块板状元件之间安置另一块建筑元件来实现的，这建筑元件通常由一块波浪形的金属薄板材料构成。
这块金属薄板材料，详细地说，具有一个延伸在板状元件整个表面上的表面，并具有一个基本上是正弦曲线状的横截面，也就是说，其横截面包括有多个安排成级联的波峰和波谷部分。
该正弦曲线状元件的表面接触接合于板状元件的表面上，并且通过使用，例如，牛皮胶或粘接材料粘接在所述表面上。
这种构造方法，虽然成本很便宜，但是其缺点是该正弦曲线状表面元件在其波纹或波浪形轮廓的每个波峰和波谷处仅提供有一个很小的接触面积用以接触板状元件。
这种小的接触面积缩短了这样装配成的镶板的寿命或有用的服务年限。
同样地，使弯曲表面与板状元件的表面相接触也使这种装配成的镶板的机械强度较弱。
现有技术FR-A-1024889公开了一种建筑夹层镶板，包括一由旋转成型的辊制得的瓦楞板或波浪板。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种制造具有非常高的机械强度的用于民间、工业、船舶、铁路等领域的建筑夹层镶板的方法。
根据本发明的一个方面，上述目的是由本发明这样达成的，它提供一种容易地制造机械强度非常高的镶板的方法，该镶板用于纵向隔离和水平覆盖组件，以及用作支承诸如大理石、层压件、瓷砖、织物覆盖物、油毡覆盖物等的装饰物的壁面，所述镶板包括有至少一个板状元件和至少一个胶接在所述板状元件上的回纹板。所述方法包括一个使用一个相应的成型元件使一个扁平薄板元件成型而制得所述回纹板的第一步骤，和一个将所述至少一个板状元件和回纹板互相胶接在一起的第二操作步骤，其特征在于所述成型元件包括一个冲击工具，该工具被驱动而在所述扁平薄板元件上进行多次冲击操作，使其按照一个回纹结构变形，所述冲击工具包括有一个具有一个第一回纹结构部分的第一元件和另一个具有一个与所述冲击工具的所述第一回纹结构部分相吻合的第二回纹结构部分的第二元件。
该镶板可以包括两块基本上平行地相互耦合的板状元件，以及一块安置在所述两块板状元件之间的回纹板，用以通过胶接其平行的表面连接所述的板状元件。
所述的建筑镶板，具体地说，能够以不同的厚度制成，这取决于用以制造回纹板的冲压元件的构造，并取决于形成板状元件和回纹板所用的材料。
本方法还包括一个胶接步骤，它能够通过一个简单的冷叠操作完成，或者也可以在一个压机型的炉内通过一个热胶接操作来完成，该炉内包括有两条由驱动辊驱动的金属滑动带。
附图说明
本发明的进一步的优点和特点将在下文中通过说明性但不是限制性的举例和参看附图的详细描述而更为明晰，其中：
图1是按照本发明的方法制造的建筑夹层镶板的一幅分解透视图。
图2是图1中所示的建筑夹层镶板添置了一块装饰性蜜胺层压覆盖层的另一幅分解透视图。
图3是一对建筑夹层镶板的又一幅透视图，该一对镶板由一根夹持型材沿着同一连接线将它们相互连接起来，该夹持型材能够用于所有的建筑夹层镶板，下文中将予描述；
图4是两对建筑夹层镶板由一根第二夹持型材将它们以直角相互耦合的一幅透视图，该夹持型材也能够被用于所有的建筑夹层镶板，下文中将予描述。
图5是一对建筑夹层镶板由一根第三夹持型材将两者以钝角相互耦合的一幅透视图，该夹持型材也能够用于所有的建筑夹层镶板，下文中将予描述。
图6是一对建筑夹层镶板由一根第三夹持型材按一钝角耦合的又一幅透视图，该夹持型材也能够被用于所有的建筑夹层镶板，下文中将予描述。
图7是由一种塑性材料将一对镶板以一角度相连接的又一幅透视图。
图8是一块建筑夹层镶板的又一幅透视图，该镶板在其内侧板状元件上予以轧铣以便通过弯曲形成一个其外侧边具有连续延伸特点的弧形。
图9是一块建筑镶板的又一幅透视图，该镶板包括有一个垂直于第一回纹板的另一回纹板以及另一个板状元件。
图10是一种实现制造本发明镶板的发明方法的装置的一幅示意图。
图11是一种用于本发明镶板制造方法中的操作工具的第一实施例的一幅示意图。
图12和13分别是用于实现本发明镶板制造方法的装置以及用于本发明方法的操作工具的第二实施例的示意图。
图14是一块建筑镶板的一幅透视图，这种镶板仅在其一个侧面上具有构造或结构表皮覆盖层，从而容许所述镶板可容易地被构成弧形或折弯。
图15是一块连有一根向外折弯的型材的建筑镶板的一幅透视图。
图16是通过使用一种塑性材料使一对镶板转角连接的一幅透视图，该塑性材料位于连接角中间。
图17是一块建筑镶板的一幅透视图，该镶板包括有一个垂直于第一回纹板的另一回纹板，以及另一个板状元件。
图18是一块建筑镶板的一幅横截面图，该镶板具有不同尺寸的平坦部分以使所述镶板能根据小的弯曲半径予以折弯。
图19是一块根据一个小弯曲半径予以折弯的建筑镶板的一幅横截面图，和
图20是一块根据一个大弯曲半径予以折弯的建筑镶板的又一幅横截面图。
具体实施方式
在下面的叙述中提到了本发明的数个最佳实施例，这些实施例是作为本发明可能的变型的非限制性例子来予以说明的。
图1详细地显示了一块以标号1总地标示的建筑镶板，它包括一个第一板状元件2和一个第二板状元件4。
所述板状元件可以由一种铝材，或一种非镀锌或镀锌金属薄板材，以及不锈钢、层压件或任何其它适用的合金元件制成。
所述板状元件以基本上平行的关系相互耦合，一个由铝、非镀锌或镀锌金属薄板，不锈钢、层压材料或合金材料制成的回纹板3被安置和胶接在所述板状元件之间。
在这里应当指出，为了发明的目的，“回纹板”这一术语意指一种元件，例如是由一种金属薄板材料制成，其横截面呈现出一个包括有多个横向水平部分的形状或轮廓，这些水平部分对应于所述断面的波峰和波谷并由多个相对于所述水平部分成角度的部分相连接从而形成一连串的梯形形状。
回纹板3通过其水平表面与板状元件2和4相接触以便用一种胶与所述板状元件相连接。
更为具体地说，该板状元件2和4是用一种胶被胶接在回纹板3上的，这种胶应视所连接的元件而定。
图2示出了本发明的一个改良实施例，其中该建筑镶板1又另外添置了一个蜜胺层压材料的板状元件5。
实际上，所述层压元件可以直接胶接在所述回纹板上，或者胶接在板状元件其中之一上，根据完成的镶板所要求达到的机械强度性能而定。
按照本发明的方法制得的的建筑夹层镶板也可以按照所想要的任何连接角度相互地连接，该角度须视想要达到的结构上或装饰上的要求而定。
此外，该建筑镶板也可以通过在它们的周边部分装上一个型材元件来修饰以便将回纹花样遮盖住形成一个完美的平面。
所述镶板的一个第一种类型的所谓的连接模式显示在图3中，其中一对建筑镶板通过一根第一型材或型件6沿着同一条连接线被连接在一起。
连接所述镶板的第二种类型为一个直角耦合型，这是通过使用一根第二型材7而获得的。
在这种连接中，如果有层压元件5，则可以将其安置在直角的内侧或其外侧。
型材7上具有带角度的部分16和17使镶板能够接合在其中形成直角。
第三种类型的镶板连接包括通过使用一根第三型材8形成一个钝角镶板连接。
在这种连接中，如果有层压元件5，也同样可以被安置在钝角的内侧或其外侧。
型材8上设有带转角的部分18和19使镶板能够按照所需的钝角接合在其中，如图5-6中所示。
所述镶板成角度连接的又一种连接模式提出使用一种塑性材料20敷设在所述角的外隅处，从而当所述塑性材料固化后将所述镶板相互连接在一起，如图7中所示。
图7的转角(显露在图中的内角)是通过垂直地切开外板状元件，然后将建筑镶板折弯而获得的，这样，在镶板的外侧就出现一个开口，而保证内板状元件的连续性。
然后，在此操作过程结束时，应用塑性材料20，从而得到一个高强度性能的转角。
图16示出的外转角是通过轧铣内板状元件同时保持外板状元件的连续性而获得的，随后予以折弯和浇铸塑性材料70以提供一个具有上述特征的转角。
图8示出了一个由一块建筑镶板构成的转角模式，总地以标号30标记，这种转角模式通过轧铣内板状元件，然后将其折弯，但并不浇筑任何塑性材料，仅仅是各个经轧铣的元件成为毗邻相连的关系，就能形成一个具有一个不间断的外板的弯曲元件。
图9示出了本发明建筑镶板的另一个实施例，它包括有另一个回纹板3′和另一个板状元件4′，使该镶板具有较大厚度和更强的强度。
同样地，图17示出了另一个题述建筑镶板的实施例，它包括有垂直于第一回纹板3的另一个回纹板3′，以及由一个板状元件84所分隔开的另一个板状元件4′。
图14是一幅透视图，示出了一块建筑镶板，其构造或结构表皮是由板状元件2和4仅在其一个侧面上形成，从而使该镶板能容易地折弯。
因此，在这个例子中，回纹板3将胶接在板状元件4上。
图15是一块建筑镶板的一幅透视图，根据本发明的一个最佳实施例，在其上连接有一根向外弯曲的型材80。
图18是一块建筑镶板的一幅横截面图，该镶板具有不同尺寸的平坦部分以使所述镶板能根据小的弯曲半径予以折弯，如在图19中清楚地显示。
最后，在制造题述建筑夹层镶板时，还有可能嵌入型材或型件或其它材料以使镶板在使用时可无需再重新定形。
按照本发明的方法制得的镶板1具有非常长的耐久性能，因为板状元件是通过使回纹板的表面平行于所述板状元件再进行胶接的。
因而，就得到了一个非常宽阔的胶接表面，也因此而得到了镶板的更大的稳固性和较长的寿命。
此外，使平坦表面接触镶板的板状元件将为所述镶板提供非常高的强度性能。
该创造性的方法，详细地说，包括一个通过一个冲击工具42将一个金属薄板元件冲压成回纹板3的第一步骤，该冲击工具具有一个与回纹板相配合的造型或形状。
参看图10，详细地说，该回纹板从一个辊40中展开伸直，成一扁平的型材41馈入工具42，该工具随后在该扁平的金属薄板元件41上进行了一系列的冲击动作，使其按回纹的轮廓或结构43变形。
最后，该回纹板被卷绕在辊44上。
这个方法完全是自动进行的，包括对中和馈入操作。
详细地说，该扁平型材41是通过该冲击工具42被变形的，该冲击工具包括有一个具有回纹结构的部分50的第一元件和一个也设有回纹结构的部分51的第二元件，该部分51在规定的容差之内，与第一元件的所述回纹结构的部分50相配合。
通过使用所述的冲击工具42，该回纹型材43能够容易地用简单的冲击操作制成。
所述建筑镶板可以根据冲击或冲压工具42制成不同的厚度。
一种与图11中所示的工具构型不同的冲击或冲压工具如图13所示。
该方法还包括一个第二胶接步骤，在该步骤中板状元件2和4被胶接在回纹板3上。
在这方面，很明显该方法是能够根据所用的材料或胶粘剂而改变的，具体地说，它可以通过层叠设置由简单的冷压操作来进行，然而，在第二种情况，也可以在一个炉道中通过热胶接和挤压操作来进行，该炉道内包括有两条由驱动辊带动的金属带以及在炉道顶部的挤压装置。
电动或由辊驱动的传动带可以以相反的方向被驱动。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于高强度墙壁和覆盖组件的高强度建筑夹层镶板(1)的制造方法，所述镶板(1)包括有至少一个板状元件(2)和至少一个胶接在所述板状元件(2)上的回纹板(3)，所述方法包括一个使用一个相应的成型元件使一个扁平薄板元件成型而制得所述回纹板(3)的第一步骤，和一个将所述至少一个板状元件和回纹板互相胶接在一起的第二操作步骤，其特征在于所述成型元件包括一个冲击工具(42)，该工具被驱动而在所述扁平薄板元件(41)上进行多次冲击操作，使其按照一个回纹结构(43)变形，所述冲击工具(42)包括有一个具有一个第一回纹结构部分(50)的第一元件和另一个具有一个与所述冲击工具(42)的所述第一回纹结构部分(50)相吻合的第二回纹结构部分(51)的第二元件。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于所述第二胶接步骤是通过一个冷叠压紧操作进行的。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于所述第二胶接步骤是在一个压机型的炉内将所述镶板(1)挤压和加热来进行的，该压机型炉内具有由辊驱动的两条金属带并且还包括有一个在炉道顶部的压紧装置。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于所述由辊驱动的驱动带在相反的方向上被驱动。
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