CN113264879A - 一种基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体及其应用 - Google Patents
一种基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113264879A CN113264879A CN202110585551.9A CN202110585551A CN113264879A CN 113264879 A CN113264879 A CN 113264879A CN 202110585551 A CN202110585551 A CN 202110585551A CN 113264879 A CN113264879 A CN 113264879A
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- Prior art keywords
- linear
- quinolone
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- ligand
- branched
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- -1 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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Abstract
本发明涉及生物技术领域,特别是涉及一种新型基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体及其制备方法与应用。所述基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐,所述基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体的结构式为:A‑linker‑B。其中,A为跨膜域配体结构,B为光控元件;Linker为线性的、对基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体无活性的亚基。本发明将偶氮苯和喹诺酮大麻素受体骨架通过合适的linker连接,使得在光照条件下配体构型变化,进而调控大麻素受体激动状态。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,特别是涉及一种基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体及其应用。
背景技术
大麻素受体属于G-蛋白偶联受体(G protein-coupled receptors,GPCRs)中的A家族,主要包括两种亚型:CB1和CB2。CB1主要分布在中枢神经系统,而CB2主要分布在外周神经系统。两种受体之间相互关系是非常复杂的,在不同组织器官中其充当的角色可以是相似的,也可以是截然相反的。因此,研究两种配体在调节人体内源性大麻素系统的相互关系对于新型大麻素药物开发非常关键。光控配体具有高度的时空分辨率,非常适合用于原位调节特定区域的受体的活性。因此,开发特异性的光控配体用于选择性调控大麻素受体活性进而揭示其介导的生物机制具有重要意义。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点,本发明的目的在于提供一种基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体及其应用,包括探索光控单元的植入位点、连接体长度、特定光照波长等,调节配体构型,进而调控大麻素受体CB1和/或CB2的激活状态,用于解决现有技术中的问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明一方面提供一种基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐,所述基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体的结构式为:
A-linker-B
其中,A为跨膜域配体结构,所述A选自如下所示的基团:
X1为C1-C12的直链或支链的亚烷基、C2-C12直链或者支链的不饱和亚烃基、或者取代或未取代的不饱和亚环烃基;
L1为氢、甲基、卤素、氰基、硝基、氨基、羟基、羟甲基、甲氧基、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基、羧基、烷氧基、巯基、取代或未取代的苯基偶氮基;
R1为氢,卤素,氰基,硝基,氨基,羟基,羧基,取代或未取代的、取代基选自F、-OH的C1-C6直链或支链的烷基,C2-C6直链或支链的不饱和烃基,取代或未取代的、取代基选自F的C1-C6直链或支链的烷氧基。
B为光控元件;
其中,R2、R3各自独立选自氢,卤素,氰基,硝基,氨基,羟基,羧基,取代或未取代的、取代基选自F、-OH的C1-C6直链或支链的烷基,C2-C6直链或支链的不饱和烃基,取代或未取代的、取代基选自F的C1-C6直链或支链的烷氧基。
Linker为线性的、对基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体无活性的亚基。
本发明另一方面提供本发明第一方面所述的麻素受体光控配体或其异构体、前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐,在制备选择性调控大麻素受体激活剂中的用途。
本发明另一方面提供一种药物组合物,包括本发明所述的基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体、前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐。
附图说明
图1是本发明中代表性配体分子的光致异构化示意图。
图2是本发明中代表性配体分子的异构化过程中的紫外-可见吸收光谱。
图3是本发明中配体分子的构型发生反式到顺式异构化后,配体分子对CB1激动活性示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明发明人是将偶氮苯和喹诺酮大麻素受体骨架通过合适的linker连接,随后在不同位置引入例如三氟甲基等,最终获得了一系列的作用于CB1和/或CB2的的光控配体。
本发明一方面提供基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体(例如,对映异构体、非对映异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、旋转异构体、阻转异构体、消旋体等)、前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐,所述基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体的结构式为:
A-linker-B
其中,A为跨膜域配体结构,B为光控元件;
Linker(连接体)为线性的、对基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体无活性的亚基。
本发明所提供的基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐中,A为跨膜域配体结构,所述跨膜域配体结构通常指能够对大麻素受体的跨膜域具有识别能力并与之结合的分子结构,所述识别和结合可以是特异性的。所述跨膜域配体结构是激动剂。A可以选自如下所示的基团:
其中,X1为C1-C12的直链或支链的亚烷基、C2-C12直链或者支链的不饱和亚烃基、或者取代或未取代的不饱和亚环烃基。优选的,X1为C3-C8的直链或支链的亚烷烃,C4-C8直链或支链的不饱和亚烃基、或者取代或未取代的不饱和亚环烃基;
L1为氢、甲基、卤素、氰基、硝基、氨基、羟基、羟甲基、甲氧基、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基、羧基、烷氧基、巯基、取代或未取代的苯基偶氮基(PhN2-)。优选的,L1为氢、三氟甲基、羟基、氰基、卤素、烷氧基、巯基。
R1为氢,卤素,氰基,硝基,氨基,羟基,羧基,取代或未取代的、取代基选自F、-OH的C1-C6直链或支链的烷基,C2-C6直链或支链的不饱和烃基,取代或未取代的、取代基选自F的C1-C6直链或支链的烷氧基。优选的,R1为氢、三氟甲基、卤素、氰基、硝基、氨基、羟基、羟甲基(-CH2OH)、甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、羧基。其中,取代或未取代的、取代基选自F、-OH的C1-C6直链或支链的烷基包括羟甲基、三氟甲基等。取代或未取代的、取代基选自F的C1-C6直链或支链的烷氧基包括甲氧基、三氟甲氧基等。
本发明所提供的基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐中,为线性的、对基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体无活性的亚基。连接体的长度对于配体的活性强弱有影响,在一实施例中,Linker为具有脂肪链或脂肪环的亚基结构。脂肪链通常是指链状的,例如可以是不存在的或C1-C12的直链或支链。脂肪链基团中可以包含杂原子,例如,杂原子可以是N、S、P、O、S或C等。环烷烃,可以被理解为饱和的与不饱和的(但不是芳族的)环状烃,包括但不限于环丙烷、环丁烷、环戊烷、环己烷、环庚烷等。对于环烷烃,还包括饱和的环烷烃,其中任选地至少一个碳原子可以被杂原子替换,优选的杂原子可以是S、N、P、O、S或C或等。另外,对于环中没有杂原子的单不饱和或多不饱和(优选单不饱和)的环烷基,只要其不是芳香族体系,也属于环烷烃。
在一实施例中,Linker可以选自如下基团:
其中,Y为N、O、P、S或C;
Z为不存在、或C1-C12的直链或支链的亚烷基、C2-C12直链或者支链的不饱和亚烃基、或者取代或未取代的不饱和亚环烃基;
优选地,Y为N;
优选的,Z为不存在、或C1-C3的直链或支链亚烷基;C2-C3直链或支链的不饱和亚烃基、或者取代或未取代的不饱和亚环烃基。
本发明所提供的基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐中,B为光控元件,所述光控元件通常指能够在特定波长的光照下发生构型变化(顺式-反式),开环-关环,上述变化导致配体同受体的相互作用发生变化,进而改变受体的激活或者抑制状态。所述光控元件为芳基偶氮苯或芳杂环偶氮苯结构。在一实施例中,例如,所述光控元件B可以选自如下所示的基团:
B可以选自如下所示的基团:
其中,R2、R3各自独立选自氢,卤素,氰基,硝基,氨基,羟基,羧基,取代或未取代的、取代基选自F、-OH的C1-C6直链或支链的烷基,C2-C6直链或支链的不饱和烃基,取代或未取代的、取代基选自F的C1-C6直链或支链的烷氧基。优选的,R2、R3各自独立选自氢、甲基、三氟甲基、卤素、氰基、硝基、氨基、羟基、羟甲基、甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、羧基。其中,取代或未取代的、取代基选自F、-OH的C1-C6直链或支链的烷基包括羟甲基、三氟甲基等。取代或未取代的、取代基选自F的C1-C6直链或支链的烷氧基包括甲氧基、三氟甲氧基等。
所述基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体的结构式为:
R1,R2,R3和L4各自独立选自氢、甲基或三氟甲基。
所述基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体可以具体选自如下化合物(I-XIII)中的任一个:
本发明另一方面提供所述基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体、前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐在制备选择性调控大麻素受体激活剂中的用途。
制备大麻素受体(Cannabinoid receptor)激动剂的用途,上述激动剂可以是G蛋白介导的大麻素受体激动剂,可以用于治疗大麻素受体相关疾病(例如癌症、癫痫、疼痛、神经退行性疾病、抑郁症、心血管系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、免疫系统疾病等疾病),更具体可以是大麻素受体缺乏相关疾病。上述大麻素受体可以包括CB1和/或CB2。激动剂是指其与受体结合后,可以直接激活受体介导的下游信号通路,对于大麻素受体来说,主要包括G蛋白介导和β-arrestin介导的信号通路。本发明中主要评价了化合物对G蛋白介导的信号通路的影响(cAMP的含量变化)。本发明所提供的基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体、前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐。当连接体长度合适时,特定波长(例如波长为375±20nm和465±20nm)的光照可以调节配体构型,进而调控大麻素受体CB1和/或CB2的激活状态,主要是影响CB1。
本发明另一方面提供一种药物组合物,包括如上所述的基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体、前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐。所述药物组合物中,基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体、前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐可以是唯一药效成分,也可以与其他至少一种或多种有效成分组合,联合用药。
本发明所提供的药物组合物中,还可以包括药学上可接受的辅料或添加剂,所述辅料或添加剂可以选自载体、赋形剂、支撑材料、助剂、润滑剂、填充剂、溶剂、稀释剂、着色剂、调味剂等。
本发明所述的药物组合物可以适应于以任何形式给药,可以是口服或胃肠外给药,具体可以是经肺、经鼻、经直肠和/或静脉注射等,再例如,可以适于局部或全身应用,具体可以是真皮内、皮下、肌内、关节内、腹膜内、肺部、口腔、舌下含服、经鼻、经皮、阴道、口服或胃肠外应用等。
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用,本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用,在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。
在进一步描述本发明具体实施方式之前,应理解,本发明的保护范围不局限于下述特定的具体实施方案;还应当理解,本发明实施例中使用的术语是为了描述特定的具体实施方案,而不是为了限制本发明的保护范围;在本发明说明书和权利要求书中,除非文中另外明确指出,单数形式“一个”、“一”和“这个”包括复数形式。
当实施例给出数值范围时,应理解,除非本发明另有说明,每个数值范围的两个端点以及两个端点之间任何一个数值均可选用。除非另外定义,本发明中使用的所有技术和科学术语与本技术领域技术人员通常理解的意义相同。除实施例中使用的具体方法、设备、材料外,根据本技术领域的技术人员对现有技术的掌握及本发明的记载,还可以使用与本发明实施例中所述的方法、设备、材料相似或等同的现有技术的任何方法、设备和材料来实现本发明。
除非另外说明,本发明中所公开的实验方法、检测方法、制备方法均采用本技术领域常规的分子生物学、生物化学、染色质结构和分析、分析化学、细胞培养、重组DNA技术及相关领域的常规技术。这些技术在现有文献中已有完善说明,具体可参见Sambrook等MOLECULAR CLONING:A LABORATORY MANUAL,Second edition,Cold Spring HarborLaboratory Press,1989and Third edition,2001;Ausubel等,CURRENT PROTOCOLS INMOLECULAR BIOLOGY,John Wiley&Sons,New York,1987and periodic updates;theseries METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY,Academic Press,San Diego;Wolffe,CHROMATINSTRUCTURE AND FUNCTION,Third edition,Academic Press,San Diego,1998;METHODS INENZYMOLOGY,Vol.304,Chromatin(P.M.Wassarman and A.P.Wolffe,eds.),AcademicPress,San Diego,1999;和METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY,Vol.119,ChromatinProtocols(P.B.Becker,ed.)Humana Press,Totowa,1999等。
实施例1
配体及其合成:
基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体,其结构式分别为(I)-(X)的制备
所有光控配体的合成均由取代或未取代的4-羟基喹啉-3-甲酸乙酯出发,经亲核取代、水解以及酰胺缩合三步即可获得目标光控配体,合成通式如下:
试剂及反应条件:a)NaH,1-bromopentane,DMF,r.t.,12h;b)10%KOH,MeOH,r.t.,3h;c)azobenzene containing aniline or amine,HATU,DIPEA,DMF,r.t.,12h;d)substituted aniline or amine,HATU,DIPEA,DMF,r.t.;e)Nitrosobenzene,AcOH,toluene,70℃,12h.
偶氮苯中间体编号及对应结构如下:
上述中间体的合成是参照专利号CN202011155650.5中的方法,对应的核磁、质谱表征均已描述。
光控配体(I-X)的合成
反应式1.1
具体的制备方法如下:
将化合物7-9溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中加入氢化钠(NaH,60%),室温搅拌30分钟。随后向此溶液中加入1-溴戊烷(10),室温反应12小时。反应结束后加入饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭反应,分出有机相,水相用二氯甲烷萃取三次,并入有机相,依次用饱和氯化铵水溶液和饱和食盐水洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤除去硫酸钠,浓缩得到粗产品。粗产品用柱层析(200-300目硅胶,洗脱剂为正己烷:乙酸乙酯=2:1)分离得到纯净的中间体11-13。化合物的核磁以及质谱表征如下:
12:白色固体,62.9%.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.40(s,1H),7.83(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.72(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.65(dd,J=1.1,8.7Hz,1H),4.39(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),4.21–4.15(m,2H),1.86(s,2H),1.42–1.34(m,7H),0.95–0.89(m,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ172.7,165.6,148.4,140.9,131.5,131.2(q,J=32.8Hz),130.8,127.3,124.8(q,J=8.5Hz),120.3,113.f0,61.2,55.0,28.8,28.5,22.4,14.6,14.0.HRMS calcd forC18H20F3NO3[M+H]+:356.1474;found:356.1470.
13:白色固体,16.3%.1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.78–8.76(m,1H),8.47–8.45(m,1H),7.87–7.83(m,1H),7.54(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),4.41–4.35(m,2H),4.19(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.91–1.85(m,2H),1.43–1.35(m,7H),0.93–0.89(m,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ173.5,165.4,149.8,140.9,129.11,129.09,128.9(q,J=3.5Hz),127.1(q,J=35.0Hz),126.1(q,J=3.9Hz),123.8(q,J=272.1Hz),120.5,61.2,54.4,28.7,28.6,22.3,14.5,13.9.HRMS calcd for C18H20F3NO3[M+H]+:356.1474;found:356.1477.
反应式1.2
将化合物14溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中加入氢化钠(NaH,60%),室温搅拌30分钟。随后向此溶液中加入1-溴戊烷(10),室温反应12小时。反应结束后加入饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭反应,分出有机相,水相用二氯甲烷萃取三次,并入有机相,依次用饱和氯化铵水溶液和饱和食盐水洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤除去硫酸钠,浓缩得到粗产品。粗产品用柱层析(200-300目硅胶,洗脱剂为正己烷:乙酸乙酯=2:1)分离得到纯净的中间体15。化合物的核磁以及质谱表征如下:
15:白色固体,48.7%.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.64(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.50(s,1H),7.67(s,1H),7.63(dd,J=1.5,8.4Hz,1H),4.32(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),4.21(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.94–1.86(m,2H),1.83–1.75(m,2H),1.46–1.33(m,8H),0.95–0.88(m,6H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ173.4,165.6,149.9,138.8,134.3(q,J=32.7Hz),131.4,129.6,123.5(q,J=274.5Hz),121.2(q,J=3.4Hz),113.3(q,J=4.4Hz),112.0,65.4,54.3,28.7,28.6,28.2,22.5,22.2,14.1,13.9.HRMS calcd for C21H26F3NO3[M+H]+:398.1943;found:398.1948.
反应式1.3
在化合物16的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)溶液中加入碳酸钾和商品化中间体17,于70℃下反应4小时。反应结束后加入饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭反应,分出有机相,水相用二氯甲烷萃取三次,并入有机相,依次用饱和氯化铵水溶液和饱和食盐水洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤除去硫酸钠,浓缩得到粗产品。粗产品用柱层析(200-300目硅胶,洗脱剂为正己烷:乙酸乙酯=2:1)分离得到纯净的终产物18。化合物的核磁以及质谱表征如下:
18:白色固体,89.7%.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.52(dd,J=1.7,8.0Hz,1H),8.43(s,1H),7.67(ddd,J=1.7,7.1,8.6Hz,1H),7.45–7.37(m,2H),4.37(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),4.20(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.20–2.08(m,2H),2.02–1.93(m,2H),1.72–1.64(m,2H),1.41–1.36(s,3H).(DMF)13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ174.3,165.9,149.0,138.7,132.8,129.4,128.3,125.3,126.7(q,J=277.8Hz),115.4,111.2,61.0,53.5,33.3(q,J=29.3Hz),28.0,19.4(q,J=3.2Hz),14.5.HRMS calcd for C17H18F3NO3[M+H]+:342.1317;found:342.1314.
反应式1.4
将化合物11-13、15和18溶于甲醇中,随后加入5当量的氢氧化钾溶液,室温搅拌12小时。反应结束后,用3摩尔盐酸调节pH小于或等于3,有白色固体析出,过滤,随后用少量水和乙醚洗白色固体,干燥后即获得水解粗产物19-23。
反应式1.5
将取代或者未取代的4-羟基喹啉-3-甲酸19-23及O-(7-氮苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N,N-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中,室温搅拌30分钟。随后向此溶液中加入中间体1-6及二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA),室温搅拌过夜。反应结束后加入饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭反应,分出有机相,水相用二氯甲烷萃取三次,并入有机相,依次用饱和氯化铵水溶液和饱和食盐水洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤除去硫酸钠,浓缩得到粗产品。粗产品用柱层析(200-300目硅胶,洗脱剂为正己烷:乙酸乙酯=2:1)分离得到终产物(I)-(XII)。
化合物的所用的羧酸中间体、偶氮苯中间体、编号及最后一步的分离产率如下:
表1
将终产物(I)-(X)进行核磁和质谱表征,具体如下:
(I):黄色固体,59.2%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ13.60(s,1H),8.91(dd,J=8.4,1.4Hz,1H),8.75–8.71(m,1H),8.58–8.53(m,1H),8.46(dd,J=7.5,2.1Hz,2H),7.88(dd,J=8.1,1.8Hz,1H),7.67–7.56(m,3H),7.55–7.44(m,2H),7.45–7.38(m,1H),7.39–7.34(m,1H),4.16–4.09(m,2H),1.86–1.72(m,2H),1.31–1.27(m,4H),0.91–0.83(m,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ176.34,163.24,153.22,147.93,140.55,139.24,138.91,132.84,132.62,131.15,129.24,128.06,127.53,127.50,125.08,124.20,123.16,121.45,115.94,114.99,112.11,54.36,28.71,28.66,22.25,13.93.HRMS calcd for C27H26N4O2[M+H]+:439.2134;found:439.2135.。
(II):黄色固体,58.5%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ12.49(s,1H),8.86(s,1H),8.58(dd,J=8.5,1.7Hz,1H),8.33(t,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.97–7.92(m,3H),7.77–7.72(m,1H),7.71–7.67(m,1H),7.55–7.45(m,6H),4.27(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.96–1.88(m,2H),1.42–1.34(m,4H),0.94–0.88(m,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ176.77,163.40,153.31,152.75,148.08,139.75,139.11,133.17,131.07,129.56,129.17,128.07,127.64,125.49,123.07,122.93,119.64,116.14,113.62,111.78,77.41,77.16,76.90,54.64,28.84,22.35,13.98.HRMS calcd for C27H26N4O2[M+H]+:439.2134;found:439.2133.
(III):黄色固体,85.0%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ12.58(s,1H),8.81(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.59–8.54(m,1H),7.94(d,J=1.7Hz,3H),7.92–7.87(m,2H),7.76–7.69(m,1H),7.54–7.46(m,4H),7.46–7.40(m,1H),4.24(td,J=7.9,2.7Hz,2H),1.92–1.86(m,3H),1.44–1.30(m,4H),0.96–0.84(m,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ176.69,163.32,152.87,148.73,148.02,141.71,139.02,133.19,130.62,129.13,127.97,127.58,125.52,124.12,120.48,116.15,111.62,54.61,28.79,22.31,13.39.HRMS calcd for C27H26N4O2[M+H]+:439.2134;found:439.2130.
(IV):黄色固体,62.7%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ10.93(t,J=6.0Hz,1H),8.90(s,1H),8.48(dd,J=8.2,1.7Hz,1H),8.05–7.99(m,2H),7.76–7.71(m,2H),7.62(dd,J=7.7,1.6Hz,1H),7.56–7.50(m,3H),7.50–7.43(m,3H),7.38(td,J=7.6,1.5Hz,1H),5.24(d,J=6.1Hz,2H),4.30–4.23(m,2H),1.93–1.85(m,2H),1.42–1.34(m,4H),0.94–0.88(m,2H).13CNMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ176.68,166.09,153.03,150.05,148.32,139.05,137.34,133.16,131.52,131.22,129.52,129.21,128.27,128.03,127.65,125.42,123.42,116.11,115.96,111.00,54.55,39.77,28.87,28.79,22.35,13.94.HRMS calcd for C28H28N4O2[M+H]+:453.2291;found:453.2290。
(V):黄色固体,49.1%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ10.68–10.63(m,1H),8.83(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),8.51(dt,J=8.2,2.0Hz,1H),7.92–7.87(m,2H),7.75–7.68(m,1H),7.55–7.41(m,7H),4.79(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),4.23(td,J=7.8,2.7Hz,2H),1.93–1.81(m,2H),1.45–1.29(m,4H),0.98–0.83(m,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ176.70,165.59,152.95,152.74,148.02,140.09,139.06,132.98,131.02,130.34,129.43,129.13,128.13,127.57,125.23,122.96,122.37,121.66,116.04,111.47,77.42,76.90,54.44,43.19,28.82,28.79,22.32,13.94.HRMS calcd for C28H28N4O2[M+H]+:453.2291;found:453.2290。
(VI):黄色固体,19.2%。1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ10.57(t,J=5.8Hz,1H),8.81(s,1H),8.53(dd,J=1.6,8.2Hz,1H),7.89(dd,J=2.4,8.0Hz,4H),7.72(ddd,J=1.7,6.9,8.6Hz,1H),7.56–7.41(m,7H),4.77(d,J=5.9Hz,2H),4.23(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.93–1.85(m,1H),1.43–1.32(m,4H),1.31–1.22(m,1H),0.91(t,J=6.7Hz,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ176.7,165.4,152.8,151.9,147.9,142.3,139.1,132.9,130.9,129.1,128.3,128.2,127.6,125.2,123.2,122.9,116.0,111.7,77.4,77.2,76.9,54.4,43.0,28.8,22.3,14.0.HRMS calcd for C28H28N4O2[M+H]+:453.2291;found:453.2290.HRMScalcd for C28H28N4O2[M+H]+:453.2291;found:453.2290.
(VII):黄色固体,26.4%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ13.59–13.41(s,1H),8.92–8.86(dd,J=1.3,8.4Hz,1H),8.83–8.75(s,1H),8.48–8.43(m,2H),7.94–7.88(dd,J=1.6,8.1Hz,2H),7.71–7.61(m,4H),7.57–7.46(m,2H),7.19–7.12(ddd,J=1.3,7.1,8.3Hz,1H),4.50–3.86(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.88–1.76(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.35–1.23(m,4H),0.95–0.80(t,J=6.9Hz,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ175.2,162.7,153.0,148.0,140.8(q,J=42.0Hz),138.9,132.6,131.8,131.5,129.5,126.0,125.2(q,J=8.0Hz),124.3,123.5,121.5,120.7,115.1,113.9,55.4,28.7,28.6,22.3,14.0.HRMS calcd for C28H25F3N4O2[M+H]+:507.2008;found:507.2008.
(VIII):黄色固体,32.7%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ13.48(s,1H),8.89–8.86(m,2H),8.84(dd,J=1.3,8.4Hz,1H),8.43–8.40(m,2H),7.90–7.86(m,2H),7.63–7.58(m,2H),7.58–7.53(m,2H),7.53–7.48(m,1H),7.17(ddd,J=1.3,7.1,8.2Hz,1H),4.23(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),1.92–1.86(m,2H),1.39–1.34(m,4H),0.94–0.88(m,1H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ175.9,162.7,153.2,149.1,140.9,140.7,138.8,132.7,131.5,129.3,129.2(q,J=3.4Hz),127.9,127.3(q,J=34.0Hz),125.8(q,J=4.3Hz),124.2,123.8(q,J=273.1Hz),123.7,121.6,117.0,115.2,113.4,54.7,28.8,22.3,14.0.HRMS calcd forC28H25F3N4O2[M+H]+:507.2008;found:507.2004.
(IX):黄色固体,57.6%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ13.36(s,0H),8.86–8.79(m,2H),8.66(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),8.43–8.38(m,2H),7.82(dd,J=1.6,8.1Hz,1H),7.65–7.58(m,4H),7.56–7.50(m,1H),7.47(ddd,J=1.6,7.1,8.5Hz,1H),7.13(ddd,J=1.3,7.1,8.2Hz,1H),4.14(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.95–1.79(m,2H),1.43–1.30(m,4H),0.99–0.82(m,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ175.6,162.6,153.1,149.0,140.4,138.9,138.7,134.4(q,J=33.4Hz),132.7,131.3,130.2,129.3,129.1,124.2,123.5(q,J=274.4Hz),123.4,121.4,121.2(q,J=3.4Hz),115.0,113.5(q,J=4.1Hz),113.4,54.5,28.8,28.6,22.2,13.9.HRMS calcdfor C28H25F3N4O2[M+H]+:507.2008;found:507.2009.
(X):黄色固体,76.2%。1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ13.54(s,1H),8.88(dd,J=1.3,8.4Hz,1H),8.73(s,1H),8.57(dd,J=1.6,8.0Hz,1H),8.48–8.42(m,2H),7.87(dd,J=1.6,8.1Hz,1H),7.69–7.59(m,3H),7.56–7.48(m,2H),7.50–7.42(m,1H),7.35(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.15(ddd,J=1.3,7.1,8.2Hz,1H),4.18(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.14–2.02(m,2H),1.97–1.87(m,2H),1.65–1.55(m,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ176.4,163.1,153.3,147.9,140.6,139.1,138.8,133.1,132.7,131.2,129.3,128.1,127.8,126.7(q,J=276.4Hz),125.3,124.2,123.4,121.5,115.6,115.1,112.5,77.4,77.2,76.9,53.8,33.3(q,J=29.2Hz),28.1,19.4(q,J=3.0Hz).HRMS calcd for C28H25F3N4O2[M+H]+:507.2008;found:507.2004.
光控配体(XI-XIII)的合成
反应式1.6
试剂和反应条件:a)o-Phenylenediamine,HATU,DIPEA,DMF,r.t.12h;b)oxone,DCM/H2O,r.t.,12h;c)substituted nitrosobenzene,AcOH,toluene,70℃,12h.
将化合物19及O-(7-氮苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N,N-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中,室温搅拌30分钟。随后向此溶液中加入中间体邻苯二胺及二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA),室温搅拌过夜。反应结束后加入饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭反应,分出有机相,水相用二氯甲烷萃取三次,并入有机相,依次用饱和氯化铵水溶液和饱和食盐水洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤除去硫酸钠,浓缩得到粗产品。粗产品用柱层析(200-300目硅胶,洗脱剂为正己烷:乙酸乙酯=2:1)分离得到中间体24。
将商品化的含三氟甲基的苯胺溶于二氯甲烷和水中,加oxone后置于室温下搅拌12小时。反应结束后,加入饱和食盐水,分出有机相,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得到粗产物28-30。随后将化合物28-30,冰醋酸溶于甲苯中,随后加入三氟甲基取代的亚硝基苯,并置于70℃条件下反应过夜。反应结束后加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液淬灭反应,分液,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,并入有机相,依次用饱和氯化铵溶液、饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤、浓缩得到粗产物,柱层析分离纯化得到终产物(XI)-(XIII)。化合物的结构、核磁以及质谱表征如下:
(XI):黄色固体,88.0%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ13.97–13.41(s,1H),8.95–8.89(dd,J=1.3,8.4Hz,1H),8.87–8.81(m,2H),8.65–8.58(dd,J=1.6,8.4Hz,1H),7.90–7.87(dd,J=1.6,8.1Hz,1H),7.87–7.82(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.76–7.69(m,1H),7.62–7.56(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.56–7.47(m,3H),7.18–7.13(ddd,J=1.3,7.2,8.3Hz,1H),4.28–4.21(m,2H),1.96–1.88(m,2H),1.43–1.34(m,4H),0.94–0.89(m,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ176.6,163.4,149.9,148.2,140.9,139.9,139.1,133.6,133.0(q,J=3.7Hz),130.5,128.3,127.8,126.5(q,J=5.5Hz),125.3,124.4(q,J=274.4Hz),123.5,121.5,118.1,116.1,115.7,112.3,77.4,77.2,76.9,54.6,28.9,28.8,22.4,14.0.HRMS calcd for C28H25F3N4O2[M+H]+:507.2008;found:507.2006.
(XII):黄色固体,90.3%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ13.79–13.75(s,0H),8.97–8.92(dd,J=1.3,8.4Hz,1H),8.88–8.84(s,2H),8.74–8.67(dd,J=1.6,8.1Hz,1H),8.57–8.50(dt,J=1.8,7.5Hz,1H),7.92–7.87(dd,J=1.6,8.1Hz,1H),7.80–7.70(m,3H),7.57–7.46(m,3H),7.18–7.11(ddd,J=1.3,7.1,8.3Hz,1H),4.30–4.24(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.98–1.87(m,2H),1.44–1.33(m,4H),0.96–0.89(m,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ176.8,163.5,153.2,148.2,140.4,139.7,139.1,133.5,133.0,131.6(q,J=32.7Hz),129.8,129.6,128.4,128.0,127.3(q,J=3.8Hz),125.4,123.3,121.6,119.1(q,J=3.9Hz),115.9,115.2,112.3,77.4,77.2,76.9,54.6,28.9,28.8,22.4,14.0.HRMS calcd for C28H25F3N4O2[M+H]+:507.2008;found:507.2007.
(XIII):黄色固体,62.5%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ13.70(s,1H),8.93(dd,J=1.3,8.4Hz,1H),8.86(s,1H),8.64(dd,J=1.6,8.1Hz,2H),8.56(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.88(m,3H),7.76(ddd,J=1.7,7.0,8.6Hz,1H),7.59–7.50(m,3H),7.76(ddd,J=1.3,7.1,8.3Hz,1H),4.27(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.98–1.88(m,2H),1.44–1.34(m,4H),0.96–0.88(m,3H).13CNMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ176.6,163.4,155.0,148.2,140.5,139.8,139.1,133.7,133.1,132.1(q,J=32.5Hz),128.3,127.8,126.5(q,J=3.9Hz),125.5,124.4,124.3(q,J=272.7Hz),123.3,121.7,116.1,115.1,112.3,77.4,77.2,76.9,54.6,28.9,28.8,22.4,14.0.HRMScalcd for C28H25F3N4O2[M+H]+:507.2008;found:507.2004.
实施例2
一定波长照射后,配体分子的构型发生反式到顺式异构化(例如,反式结构为本发明中化合物(X)的结构,异构化过程如图1所示)。化合物的异构化后其紫外-可见光吸收也会发生变化(图2)。具体操作方法如下:
将热处理的样品的配成50微摩的二甲基亚砜(DMSO)储液,然后用紫外-可见光分光光度计测试其在200-700纳米波长下的吸收,该吸收代表的是黑暗条件下(dark)化合物的吸收;随后,在375±20纳波长下处理5分钟,此时的吸收代表的是达到光稳态下顺式(PSScis)的吸收。最后在465±20的波长下处理5分钟,此时的吸收代表的是达到光稳态下反式(PSS trans)的吸收。
实施例3
光照会引起小分子的构型变化,这种构型变化也会引起其与蛋白之间的相互作用变化,进而表现出激活能力的差距。因此分别对实施例1中的光控配体I-XIII光照前后的活性进行了活性评价,其中化合物X光照前后有700倍左右的差距(图3)。需要说明的是图3中的CP55940是大麻素受体CB1/2的已知的非选择性的完全激动剂,因而作为本次实验的阳性对照,具体操作方法如下:
细胞培养:
CHO-K1细胞稳定表达人类CB1受体维持在DMEM/F12培养基中,辅以10%胎牛血清(FBS)、1%青霉素/链霉素、Blasticidin(10μg/ml)和Zeocin(400μg/ml)。
活性测试:
均相时间分辨荧光(HTRF)cAMP测定是按照制造商对cAMP-Gs试剂盒的说明进行的(Cisbio)。
对于CB1激动剂测定,CHO-CB1细胞(由2μg/ml的四环素诱导24小时)在Ham’F12中消化并重悬,然后分配到低体积的384孔板中,每孔8000个细胞/5微升。随后加入2.5μl预处理的光控配体浓度在0.001至30000nM之间,室温下孵育15分钟。随后继续加2.5μlForskolin(20μM,Forskolin用于直接激活腺素环酶)。
化合物处理:
化合物首先在70℃处理30分钟,确保其中的顺式构型转换成反式构型,然后用HBSS缓冲液稀释该储液并分成两份。其中一份放置在黑暗条件下待测,另一份则统一在365±20纳米波长下处理20分钟,随后分别对这两份样品进行活性测试。
表2光控配体光照前后对受体CB1的活性(半有效浓度EC50,浓度单位为μM)
表2中,相关释义解释如下:
a表示所有实验至少重复过两次三平行。
hCB1R表示人源受体的CB1。
PSS cisb表示光照后达到稳态,即顺式构型(cis)的比例不变。
transc表示代表的是偶氮苯的反式构型。
FCd代表的是顺式和反式的活性差距,反式的EC50除以顺式的EC50,FCd无单位。
e,f表示活性比较弱不能通过本实验确定。
g表示cis的活性比较高,但trans的活性比较弱因而不能确定活性差距。
光控配体的是利用光来调控小分子的构型,构型差异会引起小分子和蛋白相互作用的差距,直观表现出光照前后活性的差距。因此,光照前后的差距是评价光控分子优劣的最重要的指标之一。从本发明的活性结果来看,化合物X光照前后的活性差距有700倍左右,这个差距远远超过了目前已经报道的大麻素的光控配体。再者,化合物X光照后的对CB1受体的半有效浓度值(EC50)为0.004±0.002,较文献报道的基于喹诺酮骨架的大麻素受体配体的活性要更强。最后,化合物X光照后是CB1的完全激动剂,之前报道的光控配体是基于四氢大麻酚(THC)设计的,其被认为是CB1和CB2的非选择性的部分激动剂,完全激动剂的激活受体能力要比部分激动剂的激活能力更强。
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明任何形式上和实质上的限制,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明方法的前提下,还将可以做出若干改进和补充,这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。凡熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,当可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化,均为本发明的等效实施例;同时,凡依据本发明的实质技术对上述实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变,均仍属于本发明的技术方案的范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐,所述基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体的结构式为:
A-linker-B
其中,A为跨膜域配体结构,所述A选自如下所示的基团:
X1为C1-C12的直链或支链的亚烷基、C2-C12直链或者支链的不饱和亚烃基、或者取代或未取代的不饱和亚环烃基;
L1为氢、甲基、卤素、氰基、硝基、氨基、羟基、羟甲基、甲氧基、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基、羧基、烷氧基、巯基、取代或未取代的苯基偶氮基;
R1为氢,卤素,氰基,硝基,氨基,羟基,羧基,取代或未取代的、取代基选自F、-OH的C1-C6直链或支链的烷基,C2-C6直链或支链的不饱和烃基,取代或未取代的、取代基选自F的C1-C6直链或支链的烷氧基;
B为光控元件;
Linker为线性的、对基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体无活性的亚基。
2.如权利要求1所述的基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述A所示的基团中:
X1为C3-C8的直链或支链的亚烷烃,C4-C8直链或支链的不饱和亚烃基、或者取代或未取代的不饱和亚环烃基;
L1为氢、三氟甲基、羟基、氰基、卤素、烷氧基、巯基;
R1为氢、甲基、三氟甲基、卤素、氰基、硝基、氨基、羟基、羟甲基、甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、羧基。
3.如权利要求1所述的基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述Linker为具有脂肪链或环烷烃的亚基结构。
5.如权利要求1所述的基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述光控元件为取代或未取代的芳基偶氮苯或芳杂环偶氮苯结构。
9.如权利要求1~8任一权利要求所述的基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体、前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐,在制备选择性调控大麻素受体激活剂中的用途。
10.一种药物组合物,包括如权利要求1~8任一权利要求所述的基于喹诺酮结构的光控配体或其异构体、前体药物、溶剂化物、药学上可接受的盐。
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