CN113243255A - Lawn planting method for typical grassland area - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a lawn planting method in a typical grassland area, which is characterized in that native plants are planted in a planting area in a mixed sowing planting mode, wherein the native plants comprise lemongrass, awnless brome, grass, wheat bran, festuca arundinacea and hard bluegrass, and the volume ratio of seeds is 0.9-1.3: 1.1-1.5: 0.7-1: 0.9-1.2: 1-1.3: 0.8-1.2, carrying out mixed planting. The invention adopts cold-resistant native plants to complete ecological restoration, and has low cost, high survival rate and high land utilization rate.

Description

Lawn planting method for typical grassland area

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of grassland ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a lawn planting method in a typical grassland area.

Background

The northern area of China has the best grassland in China, is the most important animal husbandry base in China, and is also the area with the most abundant natural resources in China. However, in recent years, due to the influence of human factors such as geographical position, climate change, population development, livestock overloading, excessive reclamation, excessive cutting, excessive digging, excessive mining and the like, the phenomena of large-area desertification and pot bottom pit (mine pit) appear in grassland pastoral areas.

In recent years, in the aspect of lawn ecological restoration, the projects of returning cultivation forest, returning cultivation grass, returning pasture grass, enclosure cultivation, Jingjin sand source treatment, mine ecological restoration and the like are started in China. The implementation of the projects greatly promotes the improvement of the ecological environment of the grassland and the improvement of the life of people in pasturing areas.

At present, the plant varieties mainly used for planting (reseeding and sowing) on the lawn in the grassland ecological restoration project mainly comprise sheep firewood, sand sagebrush, caragana microphylla (caragana microphylla), wheatgrass, sea buckthorn, shazhangwang, elymus and pioneer plants such as barley and ryegrass (annual growth) and the like. The Renbel is the coldest region in China, the extreme temperature is 45 ℃ below zero or even lower, the plant species has good performance in most regions in China, can safely live through winter, and the plant species with excellent production performance can not cross over the severe winter. Or the patient dies in winter or dies in large quantities in late spring and cold. After the sheep firewood is sowed, a large ground community is formed 2-3 years later, and a large number of uneven stubbles die. After the sand sagebrush is planted, the ground part is lignified rapidly, the ground is closed after the next year, and other plants do not sprout or sprout a small amount. After the caragana microphylla is planted, the caragana microphylla grows fast and well. However, only one type of colony is formed as the advantage, other plants are difficult to invade, the diversity is poor, the colony is single, caragana microphylla is shrub with thorns, the utilization rate of the grassland after the restoration is low, and the caragana microphylla is not popular with herdsmen. These plant varieties are purchased from foreign countries, and the ecological restoration lacks local and local soil plant varieties.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a lawn planting method in a typical grassland area, adopts cold-resistant native plants to complete ecological restoration, and has the advantages of low cost, high survival rate and high land utilization rate.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

The invention discloses a lawn planting method in a typical grassland area, which is characterized in that native plants are planted in a flat planting area in a mixed sowing planting mode, wherein the native plants comprise lemongrass, awnless brome, grass, wheat bran, fescue and hard bluegrass, and the volume ratio of seeds is 0.9-1.3: 1.1-1.5: 0.7-1: 0.9-1.2: 1-1.3: 0.8-1.2, carrying out mixed planting.

If the planting area belongs to a typical grassland area surface soil or a mine pit with seriously damaged geology, soil improvement and soil fixation are carried out before mixed sowing and planting, and a planting area with a slope is mechanically leveled and cut into the slope; otherwise, before mixed seeding, only mechanical land leveling is needed, on-site waste sundries are cleaned, and a drainage and irrigation facility is installed, so that direct seeding can be realized;

soil improvement: carrying out soil dressing improvement in a planting area, wherein the soil dressing is chestnut calcium original soil: farmyard manure: organic fertilizer: the volume ratio of humic acid is 6: 3: 0.5: mixing and blending 0.5 to form a soil layer with the thickness of 20-25 cm, mechanically spreading 14-20 kg of inorganic fertilizer per mu after soil dressing and soil improvement, applying 9-12 kg of organic fertilizer per mu or applying 1.8-2.6 tons of farmyard manure per mu in areas where strong acid and strong alkali inhibit plant growth, and improving the pH value and the property of the soil;

the soil fixation comprises the steps of leveling, retaining water and draining a field in a planting area, well performing drainage, backflow and confluence work, ensuring that a drainage system is smooth in rainy seasons, irrigating and paving matched facilities, and covering a grass curtain after planting.

The specific process of mixed sowing and planting is as follows: sowing is carried out by mechanical broadcasting, the sowing time is 5 months later, the soil covering thickness is 0.8-2 cm, the covered soil is loose sandy soil, and the sowing quantity is 20-22 g/square meter; after sowing, compacting for 2-3 times, covering with a straw curtain, watering once a day until the straw curtain is ejected out of the seedlings, removing the straw curtain, watering once every week until the frozen water is watered, and watering green-turning water in the next year; spraying 2,4-D herbicide in the young period of the weeds to eliminate broadleaf weeds and concentrate on intertillage weeding; topdressing with compound fertilizer 12-15 kg/mu for the lawn planted in the second year in the jointing stage; trimming after jointing, and keeping stubbles for 3-5 cm once every 30-35 days; beginning to trim the trees when the coverage reaches 30% in the first year, and trimming for 2 times; pruning is started when the coverage reaches 70% in the second year, and pruning is carried out for 4-5 times; then, the pruning is started after the joint is pulled out every year, and the pruning is carried out for 5 times; if the plants are dry or lack of fertilizer, irrigation or additional fertilizer is needed after pruning; if the growth is vigorous and the paclobutrazol 600-fold liquid is sprayed once, the growth is inhibited for 50-55 days, the height can only be 5-7 cm, and the trimming frequency can be reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the present invention relates to 6 kinds of local plant varieties of Hierochloa Oldhamifera, bromus formosanus, grass, bran grass, fescue and hard bluegrass. These varieties are wild plant varieties in the Renbell area, possess cold-resistant genes which most plant varieties do not possess, and can well overwinter at a low temperature of below 45 ℃ below zero, thus being the most cold-resistant plant varieties. The forage grass can be used as an excellent plant variety for ecological restoration of grasslands, has large leaf amount, good palatability and rich nutrition, can be used as an excellent forage grass variety and can be an excellent ground cover plant variety.

(2) The invention realizes the restoration of the ecological system and the reconstruction of the ecological landscape in a typical grassland area, and the integration of functions of ecological environment display, tourism and sightseeing, local plant seed fields and the like. Provides a restoration scheme and a method with quick restoration, lasting effect, obvious economic, ecological and social benefits for the comprehensive treatment of the environment of a typical grassland area. Meanwhile, a batch of plant germplasm resources for lawn restoration in a typical grassland area are cultivated. The ecological environment is improved, elegant and comfortable maintenance is realized, the landscape is pleasant, the ecological environment becomes an important carrier of an ideal place for people to enjoy leisure and entertainment, the educational and aesthetic functions of a typical grassland area are fully exerted, the working pressure of people is relieved, the living environment is improved, and people are comfortable and harmonious in mood and relationship. And the lawn planting engineering can prevent wind and fix sand, and has the functions of regulating climate, optimizing water environment and perfecting water drainage. The water can be stored when the waterlogging is drained intensively in heavy rain, the water can be released when the drought occurs, the self-maintenance water demand is met, the restoration process of a typical grassland area is displayed in a landscape greening mode, and the aim of ecological restoration is fulfilled

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

The invention discloses a lawn planting method in a typical grassland area, which is characterized in that native plants are planted in a flat planting area in a mixed sowing planting mode, wherein the native plants comprise lemongrass, awnless brome, grass, wheat bran, fescue and hard bluegrass, and the volume ratio of seeds is 0.9-1.3: 1.1-1.5: 0.7-1: 0.9-1.2: 1-1.3: 0.8-1.2, carrying out mixed planting. The botanical characteristics of these 6 indigenous plant species are summarized:

perennial grass of the family gramineae, the rhizomes of which are slender and white and inclined, has a little fragrance. The palea and the thatch are typical early spring grasses, rhizomes and root systems of underground parts of the palea and the palea cross hot and cold seasons, are suitable for sandy soil, widely spread on natural grasslands and artificial lawns, are common on roadside, parks, gardens, fixed sand hill groups, wet wastelands, river flood beaches and sunny grass slopes of valleys, and form seasonal connected plant communities.

Brome broomus inermis Leys, a perennial herbaceous plant of brome, of Gramineae, has upright stalks and is sparse and grows in forest edge meadows, hills, valley lands and roadside roads. The awnless brome is excellent pasture, has high nutritive value, high yield, long utilization season, early cold resistance, grazing resistance and strong adaptability, is a main grass seed for establishing artificial grasslands and environment-friendly sand fixation, and is an important grass seed in Xinjiang and all over the north.

grass Koeliria macroantha (Ledeb.) Schult. is a perennial herb, dense clump, of the grass genus, Poaceae. The climate which is fond of moderate temperature and slightly humid has strong stress resistance, slight drought resistance and cold resistance. Has low requirement on soil conditions, is widely suitable for loamy and gritty chestnut calcium soil, dark chestnut calcium soil, alpine steppe soil and alpine meadow soil, and has wide ecological range. the grass turns green earlier in spring and is a superior forage grass. In late autumn, the green basal leaf cluster is still available, grasses are grazed for a long time, and the green basal leaf cluster has a good effect on livestock fattening. The method is mainly used for improving natural meadow grassland and reseeding the seeds of mountain meadow grassland and alpine meadow grassland, and sometimes becomes the dominant seeds of alpine meadow grassland. Cold resistance, drought resistance, salt and alkali resistance and is suitable for being used as ground cover plants. Has low requirement on soil, and can be used as feeding plant.

An perennial grass of the family Poaceae, having slender rhizomes but no stolons. Has strong adaptability, cold resistance, heat resistance, soil preference and drought resistance, and can grow in cold and humid areas. The requirement on soil conditions is not high, clay loam and loam are preferred, and the soil can grow on dry sandy soil. It is not shade-resistant. The propagation of the rhizome is fast, the encroachment is strong, the rhizomes are not afraid of trampling, and the grazing resistance is good. The characteristics and the application are that the lawn is often mixed with other grass for seeding and is used for soil stabilization and slope protection lawns beside roads, at the edges of ditches, in parks and the like. Because of its strong pasturability, it is popular with herdsmen abroad. Because the strength of the grass is strong, the turf is generally planted by adopting a method of directly seeding seeds.

The Festuca arundinacea Festuca Rubra L is a gramineae, a perennial herbaceous plant of the subgenus of Festuca is sparse or dense, the stalk is upright and hairless, the Festuca arundinacea is fertile and barren-resistant, the Festuca arundinacea grows better on gravel land, hillside land and the like, the Festuca arundinacea prefers subacid to neutral soil, the Festuca arundinacea is a dense-cluster lawn plant, the Festuca arundinacea can fully utilize weak light, and has more clustered leaves and good greening effect.

Poa Poa sphagnoides Trin ex Buge, a perennial dense-clump type herbaceous plant of the Gramineae family; growing on hillside grassland and dry sand; drought resistance, cold resistance, wide adaptability and low requirement on soil

The palea, the bromus formosanus, grass, the chaff grass, the fescue and the hard bluegrass are planted in a mixed sowing planting mode. The concrete process of mixed sowing and planting is as follows: sowing is carried out by mechanical broadcasting, the sowing time is 5 months later, the soil covering thickness is 0.8-2 cm, the covered soil is loose sandy soil, and the sowing quantity is 20-22 g/square meter. And (4) compacting for 2-3 times after sowing, covering with a straw curtain after compacting, watering once a day until the straw curtain is ejected out of the seedlings, removing the straw curtain, watering once every week until frozen water is watered, and watering green-turning water in the next year. Spraying 2,4-D herbicide in the young period of weed to eliminate broadleaf weed such as wormwood, etc. and weeding by intertillage. The lawn planted in the second year reaches the jointing stage and is topdressed with 12-15 kg of compound fertilizer once per mu. The trimming is one of important technical measures in lawn management and maintenance, and has important significance for ensuring that lawn plants have vigorous vitality, good coverage, optimal greening and ornamental effects and fully exerting the effectiveness of the lawn. And trimming after jointing, wherein the trimming is carried out once every 30-35 days, and the stubble is left for 3-5 cm. Pruning begins with 30% coverage in the first year, typically 2 times. And (4) beginning to trim the trees when the coverage reaches 70% in the second year, and trimming the trees for 4-5 times. The pruning is started after the joint extraction every year, and 5 times of pruning are carried out. In order to ensure good regeneration capacity, irrigation or additional fertilization is carried out correspondingly after pruning if drought or lack of fertilization occurs. If the growth is vigorous, 600 times of the paclobutrazol liquid can be sprayed once, the growth can be inhibited for 50-55 days, the height can only be 5-7 cm, and the trimming frequency can be reduced.

If the planting area belongs to a typical grassland area surface soil or a mine pit with seriously damaged geology, soil improvement and soil fixation are carried out before mixed sowing and planting, and a planting area with a slope is mechanically leveled and cut into the slope; otherwise, before mixed seeding, only mechanical land leveling is needed, on-site waste sundries are cleaned, and the facility for water drainage and irrigation is installed, so that direct seeding can be realized.

Lawn planting is carried out in a relatively flat terrain area selected in a typical grassland area, and the construction of soil is as follows: due to the large scale, long digging time, poor soil quality and high heavy metal content of a typical grassland area, the difficulty of soil improvement and water and soil conservation is high. Therefore, soil is improved and fixed in the divided areas, the planting areas with slopes are mechanically leveled and the slopes are cut, soil dressing improvement is carried out in the planting areas, and the soil dressing is chestnut calcium raw soil: farmyard manure: organic fertilizer: the volume ratio of humic acid is 6: 3: 0.5: and mixing and blending the mixture by 0.5 to form a soil layer with the thickness of 20-25 cm. After soil is removed and improved, 14-20 kg of inorganic fertilizer is mechanically spread per mu, 9-12 kg of organic fertilizer is spread per mu or 1.8-2.6 tons of farmyard manure is spread per mu in areas where strong acid and strong base inhibit plant growth, and the pH value and the property of the soil are improved. The soil fixation comprises the steps of leveling, retaining water and draining a field in a planting area, well performing drainage, backflow and confluence work, ensuring that a drainage system is smooth in rainy seasons, irrigating the laying of supporting facilities, covering a grass curtain after planting and the like.

Example (b):

the Herenbeil grassland is one of the most important animal husbandry bases in China and is also the area with the most abundant ecological types and biological diversity in grassland landscapes in northern China. The shopperbel, which has historically been a rare occurrence of sand and sand storms, is now more and more frequent in spring and autumn. The method is closely related to the excessive utilization of grassland, and grassland vegetation is influenced and destroyed by activities such as grassland coal mining, grassland reclamation and agricultural product planting to different degrees, and a grassland ecological environment system is destroyed more deeply.

Investigation of climate environment water marks and the like in a test area: zha bestow is located in northeast of inner Mongolian autonomous region in Noel, in northwest of Renbell, in Mandarin China and in Xinbal left flag, in Pinna Lun lake, in west and south of Henbai, in North Mandarin China. The prefecture layout is irregular and long-strip-shaped, spans 49 degrees 19 '12' to 49 degrees 46 '05' of north latitude, 117 degrees 12 '46' to 117 degrees 53 '30' of east longitude, the east longitude and the west maximum distance 49.77 ㎞, the south and north maximum distance 49.83 ㎞ and the total area is 312 square kilometers. Za bestow Nor belongs to northern temperate zone semiarid continental climate with cold climate, four seasons distinct, short frost-free period, sufficient sunshine and large day and night temperature difference. The cold-proof and frost-proof tea is short and warm in summer, drought and windy in spring, rapid in temperature reduction in autumn, early in frost and long and cold in winter. After 1996 the climate conditions changed significantly. The average temperature of Za bestow Noll is 1.0 deg.C. The lowest temperature is less than or equal to minus 30 ℃ for 30 days every year, the average temperature in 1 month is minus 23.8 ℃, and the extreme lowest temperature is minus 42.7 ℃ (1960, 1 month and 16 days); the average temperature in summer is 19.8 ℃, and the maximum temperature in the extreme is 40.5 ℃ (7 months and 21 days in 2004). Annual average gas pressure 934.6 mbar. The average precipitation was 350.1 mm before 1996 and 303.2 mm after 1996. Precipitation is concentrated in seventy-eight months and is unevenly distributed in the interpersonal period. Annual precipitation was a maximum of 448.01 mm (1958) and a minimum of 141.6 mm (2004). Before 1996, the average annual sunshine hours was 2868.6 hours, and after 1996, 4453.7-4463.9 hours. In 1971-2000, the average annual evaporation capacity was 1518.3 mm. The main wind direction all the year around is southwest wind, the average wind speed is 4.1 m/s, and the number of gale days above grade 8 is 40.1 days every year.

Za bestow Renbell high plains at Noel, a typical grassland zone. The north and northeast parts are connected with the hills of the lower mountains, and the terrain is high in the north east and low in the south west. The local undulation is in a slow wave shape. The test area belongs to a continental monsoon climate in a cold-warm zone, the climate is long and cold in winter, short and concentrated in rainwater in summer, rapid in temperature change in spring and autumn, large in wind power and long in time.

Survey and statistics of vegetation types in the test area: on the basis of previous research, vegetation type survey statistics is carried out on an ecological restoration test area and a peripheral area of a Za bestow Noel area in Helunebel, 43 sampling points are collected in total, field real-land survey, specimen collection and classification identification are carried out, specimen information inquiry is carried out by means of a digital specimen platform and a specimen chamber, meanwhile, a seed plant name list in the area is collected and sorted by combining literature data, and the ecological type statistics and analysis of plant families, genera, species, life types and water are carried out to obtain the following conclusion: the plant species in the test area are simpler due to special geographical positions, climatic environments, ground surface damage and geological structure change. The collected plants were 22 species belonging to 18 genera of 6 families, of which the gramineae species were 8 species at the maximum and accounted for 36.4% of the total number of seeds, while the chenopodiaceae species were 7 species and accounted for 31.8% of the total number of seeds; secondly, according to the number of the seeds, the seeds are of the family Compositae, the family Leguminosae, the family Amaranthaceae and the family Polygonaceae; the content of the seed number is respectively 4, 1 and 1, and the proportion is 18.2%, 4.6%, 4.5% and 4.5% in sequence. There were 3 types of plant life types in the test area, namely shrubs, annual and perennial herbs. Wherein the annual herbaceous plants are in the top, 16 plants account for 72.7 percent of the total number; the perennial herbs comprise 5 kinds, accounting for 22.7 percent of the total number; there are 1 species of shrubs, accounting for 4.6% of the total number. It is stated that the plants in this area are the type of communities with annual and perennial herbs in absolute dominance and constitute the basis of herbs. The repair of this area should be made primarily of herbs. The ecological type of the plant moisture in the test area can be subdivided into 7 types, namely, wet growth, wet middle growth, dry middle growth, middle dry growth, dry growth and strong dry growth, wherein the number of the dry plants is 8 at most, and the dry plants account for 36.4 percent of the total number, and the number of the dry plants is 5, and the dry plants accounts for 22.7 percent of the total number. The ecological type of the plant water in the area can be roughly divided into 3 categories, wherein 17 kinds of xerophytes (xerophytes, mesotrophy and strong xerophytes) account for 77.3 percent of the total number; the number of the middle-plant plants is 3 (middle-plant and dry middle-plant), and the number of the middle-plant plants accounts for 13.6 percent of the total number; the number of hygrophytes is only 2, accounting for 9.1% of the total number. This may be related to the reasons of the special geographical location, climate environment, ground surface damage, geological structure change, etc. of the ecological restoration test area of Zlunebel, Zhao bestow Noel. The above shows that the xerophytes in the ecological restoration test area of Za bestow Noel area in Renbell City have absolute advantages, and the secondary plants are secondary plants.

And (3) sampling and analyzing soil in a test area: collecting soil sample and chemically analyzing soil in Herenbel City Za bestow Noel zone ecological restoration test zone, collecting 43 parts of soil sample, and analyzing total salt content and CO content of the soil sample₃ ^2-、HCO^-、Cl^-、SO₄ ^2-、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Na⁺、K⁺Organic matter, quick-acting phosphorus, quick-acting potassium, hydrolyzable nitrogen, pH and conductivity are analyzed by an assay to obtain the following conclusions: the method comprises the following steps of collecting 43 parts of soil samples in a test area, namely 43 soil sample points, wherein the No. 7, 11, 12, 14, 18, 19, 21, 23-27, 29, 31, 34 and 39 points have slight salinization of soil, and slightly inhibit the growth of plants; the No. 5, 16, 17, 20 and 22 points are moderately salted and have moderate inhibition effect on plants; the sites 3, 13, 15, 35, 41 and 42 are heavily salinized, which can severely inhibit the growth of plants and even cause the death of the plants, and saline-alkali tolerant plants should be planted or planted after the salinized sites are improved by some salinized land improvement methods. Sites 4, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 33-43 have a low content of hydrolyzable nitrogen. The 16 th to 32 th point sites are all alkaline earth, and the contents of available phosphorus and available potassium are high. The 25 th to 28 th and 30 th points have high organic matter, phosphorus and potassium contents and low content of hydrolyzable nitrogen. The nutrient content of the soil at the 31 st and 32 nd sites is lower, wherein the content of the hydrolyzable nitrogen at the 31 st site is low; the 32 nd site has low organic matter and hydrolyzable nitrogen contents. The sites 35 and 36 are strong acid soil, the site 38 is acid soil which is not beneficial to plant growth, and the soil is recommended to be improved and then planted. The organic matter content outside the No. 33-37, 39, 40, 42 and 43 points is lower; the effective phosphorus content outside the sites 33-39, 41 and 42 is not high; the quick-acting potassium contents outside No. 33, No. 35-38 and No. 40-43 points are all not high.

Based on experiments and scientific achievements of predecessors, the domestication and cultivation of the Holnober wild plants are carried out from 2014, the domestication and cultivation of grassland ecological seeds, wild flower plants and wild leguminous plants in the Holnober region, the collection of wild germplasm resources and other works are deeply carried out, and a batch of cold-resistant, drought-resistant, saline-alkali resistant and barren-resistant rural plant varieties for the ecological restoration of deteriorated grassland, desertified grassland, saline-alkali land and mines are quickly bred. Tests, planting, observation and propagation are carried out. Provides the most complete theoretical and practical foundation for the technology of mass popularization and propagation of the native plant varieties. A large amount of planting and cultivating experiences and technical test data are accumulated. The perennial cold-resistant plant varieties in the local areas have fast invasion, strong durability and stable growth conditions.

Through investigation statistics on the vegetation types in the ecological restoration test area of Renbell, Zhaobei, bestow Noel, soil sampling analysis, preparation work in the early period of an experimental team, climate environment water marks and the like, the method has the following results: the selected local plant variety to be planted in the Renbell city Za bestow Noel lawn region should follow the following principle:

(1) the selected plant variety is mainly herbaceous;

(2) selecting excellent plant varieties with excellent drought resistance, cold resistance and barren resistance genes;

(3) selecting plant varieties with strong adaptability, excellent stress resistance and salt and alkali tolerance;

on the basis of previous investigation and research, the method combines literature data, collects and arranges the germplasm resources of the Relenbel region, screens the germplasm resources, and acclimatizes the germplasm resources to cultivate a batch of excellent local plant varieties. Perennial herbs and plant varieties meeting the above principles are selected for the construction of the one-hundred-year ecological restoration project experiment as follows:

the 6 local plant varieties of lemongrass, awnless brome, grass, wheat bran grass, fescue and hard bluegrass are wild plant varieties in the Renbell area, have cold-resistant genes which most plant varieties do not have, and can well overwinter at the low temperature of below 45 ℃ below zero, thus being the most cold-resistant plant varieties. The forage grass can be used as an excellent plant variety for ecological restoration of grasslands, has large leaf amount, good palatability and rich nutrition, can be used as an excellent forage grass variety and can be an excellent ground cover plant variety.

Selecting suitable native plants for planting on the lawn in the Norel area of Za bestow to perform germination test, and counting and analyzing the germination test data.

And performing a germination test on the selected rural soil plants, namely the palea scholaris, the bromegrass, the grass, the wheat bran, the fescue and the hard bluegrass, wherein the germination test is strictly executed according to the germination test of grass seed test regulation GB/T2930.4-2017. And (5) finishing and counting the germination test data. See table 1.

TABLE 1 Germination test data statistics

Note: the abbreviations have the following meanings: s-sand, TP-paper, N-normal germinating seed seedling, H-hard seed, F-fresh non-germinating seed, A-abnormal germinating seed seedling and D-dead seed.

From table 1, it is known that 6 local plants selected from the Renbell, Zhazai bestow Noel area lawn planting have high germination rates, and can be applied to lawn planting in the restoration test.

Planting the native plants of the country, namely, lemongrass, bromegrass, grass, furfuryl grass, fescue and hard bluegrass, and planting the lawn in the Niao bestow Noel area. Setting a test area in a mixed sowing planting mode assisted by a soil improvement and fixing (slope protection and water and soil conservation) mode, carrying out gift washing by environmental factors such as rain, snow, wind frost and the like, observing the growth conditions of planting varieties and matching modes, and carrying out data statistics and analysis.

6 kinds of local plants, namely palea, awnless brome, grass, furfurescence grass, fescue and hard bluegrass, are planted in the Helunebel Zao bestow Noel area lawn in a blending way. Planting in a mixed seeding planting mode. After 3 years (2016-2018), the growth conditions of planted varieties and matching modes are observed through the gifting of environmental factors such as rain, snow, wind frost and the like, and data statistics is carried out. (the data observed in the table below are the growth data observed on the same plant at the same sampling site and at the same time for the plants grown in the test area). See tables 2, 3, 4.

Table 22016 years Relunebel City Za bestow Noel region lawn planting (not pruned) variety growth observation

Note: all data are the average number of 5 plants randomly selected per planting field plant variety for the first observation and marked for the next observation.

TABLE 32017 growth observation of Relunebel City Za bestow Noel region lawn planted (trimmed) variety

Note: all data are the average number of 5 plants randomly selected per planting field plant variety for the first observation and marked for the next observation.

Table 42018 years Relunebel City Za bestow Noel region lawn planting (trimming) variety growth observation

Note: all data are the average number of 5 plants randomly selected per planting field plant variety for the first observation and marked for the next observation.

As can be seen from tables 2, 3 and 4, in hulebel city zaar bestow nuel area lawn planting, the homeland plants lemma palea, bromegrass, grass, furfurescence grass, fescue and hard bluegrass have a seed-to-volume ratio of 0.9-1.3: 1.1-1.5: 0.7-1: 0.9-1.2: 1-1.3: 0.8-1.2, mixed sowing and planting. The planting effect is more obvious.

And (4) conclusion: through investigation statistics of vegetation types before restoration, plant life type analysis in a test area, plant water ecotype analysis, soil sampling analysis, plant botanical characteristics and application, climate environment water marks and the like, 6 kinds of local plants which accord with the analysis result are selected for planting the lawn in the Renbell city Zao bestow Noel area. And finally confirming 6 kinds of local soil plants of palea, awnless brome, grass, furfurula wiskowii, festuca arundinacea and hard bluegrass to be planted on the Renbell Zai bestow Noel area lawn through the analysis of a germination test, a local soil plant variety matching mode for planting the Renbell Za bestow Noel area lawn and after planting. The method has a preliminary effect in a short time by planting the native plants, and gradually produces a larger effect, thereby providing an area which is unavailable in the past and can be used for demonstration for ecological restoration of typical grassland areas, even improvement of degenerated grassland, desertification grassland treatment, improvement of saline-alkali soil, mine ecological restoration and urban greening in the future. Meanwhile, the difficulty of plant variety shortage for ecological restoration in China is compensated and enriched. Provides feasible technical foundation and scientific theoretical basis for constructing the one-hundred-year ecological restoration project.

And creating and forming a technical integration mode of typical grassland area ecological restoration of the system through the test area. And demonstrates the radiation after the technology is completed to all typical grassland areas of the inner Mongolia autonomous region. Ecological remediation in a typical grassland area is beneficial to improving the quality of the ecological environment in the typical grassland area and restoring the productivity of the soil.

The ecological restoration is carried out in the Renberga bestow Noel area and the application research of suitable native plants is carried out, so that the restoration of the ecological system of the waste lawn and the reconstruction of the ecological landscape are realized, and the ecological environment display, the tour and sightseeing, the native plant seed field and other functions are integrated in the landscape area. The restoration scheme and the method which are rapid in restoration, durable in effect and remarkable in economic benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit are provided for comprehensive treatment of the grassland environment in the Hulunebel area. Meanwhile, a batch of plant germplasm resources for restoring the lawn in the Hulunbel region are cultivated. The ecological environment is improved, and the geologic environment management engineering ensures that the Za bestow Noll area is maintained elegant and comfortable, the landscape is pleasant, the engineering becomes an important carrier of an ideal place for leisure and entertainment of people in the Za bestow Noll area, the teaching and aesthetic functions of the Za bestow Noll area are fully exerted, the working pressure of people is relieved, the living environment is improved, and the people are comfortable and harmonious in mood and relationship. And the ecological restoration engineering can prevent wind and fix sand, and has the functions of regulating climate, optimizing water environment and perfecting water drainage. The water can be stored when the waterlogging is drained intensively in heavy rain, and the water can be released when the water is dry, so that the water requirement for self maintenance is met, the lawn restoration process is displayed in a landscape greening mode, and the aim of ecological restoration is fulfilled.

Although the invention has been described above, it is not limited thereto, but can be made in many forms without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. A lawn planting method in a typical grassland area is characterized in that native plants are planted in a flat planting area in a mixed sowing planting mode, wherein the native plants comprise palea, awnless brome, grass, furfurescence grass, festuca arundinacea and hard bluegrass, and the volume ratio of seeds is 0.9-1.3: 1.1-1.5: 0.7-1: 0.9-1.2: 1-1.3: 0.8-1.2, performing mixed planting, and if the planting area belongs to a typical grassland area surface soil or a pit with serious geological damage, performing soil improvement and soil fixation before mixed sowing planting, and mechanically leveling and slope cutting the planting area with a slope; otherwise, before mixed seeding, only mechanical land leveling is needed, on-site waste sundries are cleaned, and a drainage and irrigation facility is installed, so that direct seeding can be realized;

soil improvement: carrying out soil dressing improvement in a planting area, wherein the soil dressing is chestnut calcium original soil: farmyard manure: organic fertilizer: the volume ratio of humic acid is 6: 3: 0.5: mixing and blending 0.5 to form a soil layer with the thickness of 20-25 cm, mechanically spreading 14-20 kg of inorganic fertilizer per mu after soil dressing and soil improvement, applying 9-12 kg of organic fertilizer per mu or applying 1.8-2.6 tons of farmyard manure per mu in areas where strong acid and strong alkali inhibit plant growth, and improving the pH value and the property of the soil;

the soil fixation comprises the steps of leveling, retaining water and draining a field in a planting area, well performing drainage, backflow and confluence work, ensuring smooth drainage system in rainy seasons, paving irrigation supporting facilities, and covering a grass curtain after planting;

the specific process of mixed sowing and planting is as follows: sowing is carried out by mechanical broadcasting, the sowing time is 5 months later, the soil covering thickness is 0.8-2 cm, the covered soil is loose sandy soil, and the sowing quantity is 20-22 g/square meter; after sowing, compacting for 2-3 times, covering with a straw curtain, watering once a day until the straw curtain is ejected out of the seedlings, removing the straw curtain, watering once every week until the frozen water is watered, and watering green-turning water in the next year; spraying 2,4-D herbicide in the young period of the weeds to eliminate broadleaf weeds and concentrate on intertillage weeding; topdressing with compound fertilizer 12-15 kg/mu for the lawn planted in the second year in the jointing stage; trimming after jointing, and keeping stubbles for 3-5 cm once every 30-35 days; beginning to trim the trees when the coverage reaches 30% in the first year, and trimming for 2 times; pruning is started when the coverage reaches 70% in the second year, and pruning is carried out for 4-5 times; then, the pruning is started after the joint is pulled out every year, and the pruning is carried out for 5 times; if the plants are dry or lack of fertilizer, irrigation or additional fertilizer is needed after pruning; if the growth is vigorous and the paclobutrazol 600-fold liquid is sprayed once, the growth is inhibited for 50-55 days, the height can only be 5-7 cm, and the trimming frequency can be reduced.