CN113214007A - Synergist for improving forest planting soil and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
Synergist for improving forest planting soil and preparation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention provides an improvement synergist for forest planting soil, belonging to the field of soil improvement, and the improvement synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of zeolite, 4-10 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 2-6 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-22 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 1-3 parts of EDTA metal chelate, 1-2 parts of dicyandiamide and 8-20 parts of bean dreg zymolyte, wherein: the mixed microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of azotobacter chroococcum, 2-4 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 3-6 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus or bacillus circulans, 7-10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 6-8 parts of actinomycetes and 3-5 parts of pseudomonas; the improvement synergist has the functions of soil improvement and synergism, can be matched with a fertilizer to improve the fertilizer efficiency, and simultaneously improves the soil structure and loosens the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement and synergism, and particularly relates to a soil improvement synergist for forest planting, and preparation and application thereof.
Background
The fertilizer is widely applied to forest planting, the use effect of the fertilizer cannot be expected due to the absorption limitation or improper use of soil, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is not high and is only 25-40%, more fertilizer needs to be used for achieving the expected effect, the fertilizer with high application amount not only causes resource waste and soil pollution, but also increases the concentration of a soil solution, plants are easy to reverse osmosis, the permeability of the planted soil is reduced, hardening and solidification occur, and the growth and development of the planted forest are not facilitated. Therefore, a synergist which can be used in combination with a fertilizer to improve the fertilizer efficiency and a soil conditioner which can improve the soil structure and loosen the soil are required.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a mixture with soil improvement and synergism and a preparation method thereof, and particularly provides an improvement synergist for forest planting soil and preparation and application thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a synergist for improving forest planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10-20 parts of zeolite, 4-10 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 2-6 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-22 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 1-3 parts of EDTA metal chelate, 1-2 parts of dicyandiamide and 8-20 parts of bean dreg zymolyte, wherein:
the mixed microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of azotobacter chroococcum, 2-4 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 3-6 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus or bacillus circulans, 7-10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 6-8 parts of actinomycetes and 3-5 parts of pseudomonas;
the EDTA metal chelate is one or more of EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn and EDTA-Fe.
Preferably, the improving synergist for forest planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16-18 parts of zeolite, 7-8 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 3-4 parts of organic fertilizer, 16-18 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 1-2 parts of EDTA metal chelate, 1.4 parts of dicyandiamide and 15-18 parts of bean dreg zymolyte, wherein:
the mixed microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of azotobacter chroococcum, 3-4 parts of phosphorus-dissolving bacteria, 4-5 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus or bacillus circulans, 7-8 parts of bacillus subtilis, 7-8 parts of actinomycetes and 3-4 parts of pseudomonas.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is fermentation product of organic raw material or biogas residue after composting, and the moisture content of the organic fertilizer is less than 20%.
Preferably, the organic matter raw materials comprise straws, livestock and poultry manure, cake pulp, bagasse and wood chips.
Preferably, the total nutrient content of the organic fertilizer is not less than 6%, and the total nutrient comprises N, P2O5And K2O。
Preferably, the zeolite is clinoptilolite and/or mordenite soaked in an acidic sodium chloride solution, and the particle size of the zeolite is 30-60 meshes.
Preferably, the preparation method of the bean dreg zymolyte comprises the following steps:
s1, freeze-drying the by-product in the process of producing soymilk or bean curd, grinding to obtain bean dregs powder with the particle size of 50-80 meshes, adding amylase and microbial lipase for primary enzymolysis, and filtering after enzymolysis to obtain first filter residue;
s2, adding alkaline protease, flavourzyme and cellulase into the dried and crushed first filter residue for secondary enzymolysis, and drying after enzymolysis to obtain the bean dreg zymolyte.
Preferably, the addition amounts of the amylase and the microbial lipase are respectively 1-2% and 1.5-2.5% of the mass of the bean dreg powder; the addition amounts of the alkaline protease, the flavourzyme and the cellulase are respectively 1-1.6%, 0.2-0.9% and 1.2-1.8% of the weight of the bean dreg powder.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the synergist for improving forest planting soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the total nutrient content of the organic fertilizer by using a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer to ensure that the total nutrient content is not less than 6%;
s2, crushing zeolite to a required particle size, adding 5 wt.% of sodium chloride solution with the pH value of 1 for soaking, filtering and washing until a washing liquid is neutral, fully stirring and mixing the dried zeolite and the mixed microbial inoculum, adding S1 the organic fertilizer, adding bean dreg zymolyte, continuously stirring, adding the desulfurized gypsum, the EDTA metal chelate and dicyandiamide, and discharging after the mixing is finished.
The invention also provides an application method of the improving synergist for the forest planting soil, and specifically the mixing ratio of the improving synergist for the forest planting soil to the soil is 1: (150-500).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the organic fertilizer, the dicyandiamide and the bean dreg zymolyte are used as the synergist, so that the supply of carbon and nitrogen nutrients in soil is increased, the soil is fertilized, the soil is improved, the soil hardening caused by using the chemical fertilizer is improved, and the water retention, fertilizer retention and fertilizer supply capabilities of the soil are enhanced. Beneficial microorganisms in the improvement synergist enter soil and then form a symbiotic proliferation relation with microorganisms in the soil, harmful bacteria are inhibited from growing and are converted into beneficial bacteria, a group synergistic effect is achieved, the beneficial bacteria can also generate a large amount of metabolites in the growth and propagation process, decomposition and conversion of organic matters are promoted, various nutrients and irritant substances can be directly or indirectly provided for crops, plant growth is promoted and regulated, and meanwhile soil porosity, permeability and exchangeability and plant survival rate are improved.
(2) The zeolite and the desulfurized gypsum have natural porous framework structures, metal cations are positioned among the mutually communicated pore canals in the crystal, the ion exchange effect is easy to occur in the pore canals, sodium ions in soil colloid can be replaced, the pH value and the alkalization degree of the soil are reduced, the pore structure and the permeability of the soil are improved, the growth and the development of planted forest trees are facilitated, and meanwhile, the zeolite and the desulfurized gypsum can be used as an adsorption carrier of a fertilizer, the slow-release effect is achieved, the loss is reduced, and the fertilizer efficiency is improved.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A synergist for improving forest planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16 parts of zeolite, 7 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 4 parts of organic fertilizer, 16 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 1.2 parts of EDTA-Fe chelate, 1.4 parts of dicyandiamide and 16 parts of bean dreg zymolyte, wherein:
the mixed microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of azotobacter chroococcum, 3 parts of phosphorus-dissolving bacteria, 4.6 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus or bacillus circulans, 7 parts of bacillus subtilis, 8 parts of actinomycetes and 3.4 parts of pseudomonas;
the organic fertilizer is a fermentation product of straws, livestock and poultry manure, cake meal, bagasse and wood chips or stack retting biogas residue, and the moisture content of the organic fertilizer is less than 20%; n, P of said organic fertilizer2O5And K2The content of O is not less than 6 percent;
the zeolite is clinoptilolite and/or mordenite soaked in an acidic sodium chloride solution, and the particle size of the zeolite is 30-60 meshes;
the preparation method of the bean dreg zymolyte comprises the following steps:
s1, freeze-drying and grinding byproducts in the bean milk or bean curd production process to obtain bean dreg powder with the particle size of 50-80 meshes, adding amylase and microbial lipase for primary enzymolysis, wherein the addition amounts of the amylase and the microbial lipase are 1.5% and 1.5% of the mass of the bean dreg powder respectively, and filtering after enzymolysis to obtain first filter residue;
s2, adding alkaline protease, flavourzyme and cellulase into the dried and crushed first filter residue for secondary enzymolysis, wherein the adding amounts of the alkaline protease, the flavourzyme and the cellulase are respectively 1.2%, 0.5% and 1.5% of the mass of the bean dreg powder, and drying after enzymolysis to obtain the bean dreg zymolyte;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the total nutrient content of the organic fertilizer by using a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer to ensure that the total nutrient content is not less than 6%;
s2, crushing zeolite to a required particle size, adding 5 wt.% of sodium chloride solution with the pH value of 1 for soaking, filtering and washing until a washing liquid is neutral, fully stirring and mixing the dried zeolite and the mixed microbial inoculum, adding S1 the organic fertilizer, adding bean dreg zymolyte, continuously stirring, adding the desulfurized gypsum, the EDTA metal chelate and dicyandiamide, and discharging after the mixing is finished.
Example 2
A synergist for improving forest planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
18 parts of zeolite, 7 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 4 parts of organic fertilizer, 16 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 1.5 parts of EDTA-Fe chelate, 1.4 parts of dicyandiamide and 15 parts of bean dreg zymolyte, wherein:
the mixed microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of azotobacter chroococcum, 3 parts of phosphorus-dissolving bacteria, 4.6 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus or bacillus circulans, 7 parts of bacillus subtilis, 8 parts of actinomycetes and 3.4 parts of pseudomonas;
the organic fertilizer is a fermentation product of straws, livestock and poultry manure, cake meal, bagasse and wood chips or stack retting biogas residue, and the moisture content of the organic fertilizer is less than 20%; n, P of said organic fertilizer2O5And K2The content of O is not less than 6 percent;
the zeolite is clinoptilolite and/or mordenite soaked in an acidic sodium chloride solution, and the particle size of the zeolite is 30-60 meshes;
the preparation method of the bean dreg zymolyte comprises the following steps:
s1, freeze-drying and grinding byproducts in the bean milk or bean curd production process to obtain bean dreg powder with the particle size of 50-80 meshes, adding amylase and microbial lipase for primary enzymolysis, wherein the addition amounts of the amylase and the microbial lipase are 1.5% and 1.5% of the mass of the bean dreg powder respectively, and filtering after enzymolysis to obtain first filter residue;
s2, adding alkaline protease, flavourzyme and cellulase into the dried and crushed first filter residue for secondary enzymolysis, wherein the adding amounts of the alkaline protease, the flavourzyme and the cellulase are respectively 1.2%, 0.5% and 1.5% of the mass of the bean dreg powder, and drying after enzymolysis to obtain the bean dreg zymolyte;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the total nutrient content of the organic fertilizer by using a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer to ensure that the total nutrient content is not less than 6%;
s2, crushing zeolite to a required particle size, adding 5 wt.% of sodium chloride solution with the pH value of 1 for soaking, filtering and washing until a washing liquid is neutral, fully stirring and mixing the dried zeolite and the mixed microbial inoculum, adding S1 the organic fertilizer, adding bean dreg zymolyte, continuously stirring, adding the desulfurized gypsum, the EDTA metal chelate and dicyandiamide, and discharging after the mixing is finished.
Example 3
A synergist for improving forest planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
18 parts of zeolite, 8 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 4 parts of organic fertilizer, 16 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 1.5 parts of EDTA-Fe chelate, 1.4 parts of dicyandiamide and 18 parts of bean dreg zymolyte, wherein:
the mixed microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of azotobacter chroococcum, 3 parts of phosphorus-dissolving bacteria, 4.6 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus or bacillus circulans, 7 parts of bacillus subtilis, 8 parts of actinomycetes and 3.4 parts of pseudomonas;
the organic fertilizer is a fermentation product of straws, livestock and poultry manure, cake meal, bagasse and wood chips or stack retting biogas residue, and the moisture content of the organic fertilizer is less than 20%; n, P of said organic fertilizer2O5And K2The content of O is not less than 6 percent;
the zeolite is clinoptilolite and/or mordenite soaked in an acidic sodium chloride solution, and the particle size of the zeolite is 30-60 meshes;
the preparation method of the bean dreg zymolyte comprises the following steps:
s1, freeze-drying and grinding byproducts in the bean milk or bean curd production process to obtain bean dreg powder with the particle size of 50-80 meshes, adding amylase and microbial lipase for primary enzymolysis, wherein the addition amounts of the amylase and the microbial lipase are 1.5% and 1.5% of the mass of the bean dreg powder respectively, and filtering after enzymolysis to obtain first filter residue;
s2, adding alkaline protease, flavourzyme and cellulase into the dried and crushed first filter residue for secondary enzymolysis, wherein the adding amounts of the alkaline protease, the flavourzyme and the cellulase are respectively 1.2%, 0.5% and 1.5% of the mass of the bean dreg powder, and drying after enzymolysis to obtain the bean dreg zymolyte;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the total nutrient content of the organic fertilizer by using a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer to ensure that the total nutrient content is not less than 6%;
s2, crushing zeolite to a required particle size, adding 5 wt.% of sodium chloride solution with the pH value of 1 for soaking, filtering and washing until a washing liquid is neutral, fully stirring and mixing the dried zeolite and the mixed microbial inoculum, adding S1 the organic fertilizer, adding bean dreg zymolyte, continuously stirring, adding the desulfurized gypsum, the EDTA metal chelate and dicyandiamide, and discharging after the mixing is finished.
And (3) testing the soil permeability of the forest planting soil after the application of the improving synergist:
the application frequency was 1 time/2 months, and the application amount was 0.2kg/m2After one year of application, the air permeability was tested against the non-applied group.
Calculation of air permeability: the air permeability is the number of milliliters per second per square centimeter of air permeability under certain pressure change conditions, and the formula is as follows: v is V1/A/T;
v1 shows the amount of excess gas at a certain pressure variation, 30 ml per 10 mbar drop; a represents the gas permeation area, T represents the time in seconds required to permeate 30 ml of gas under a certain pressure; the test results were as follows:
| 50-40mbar | 40-30mbar | 30-20mbar | 20-10mbar | |
| example 1 | 4.31 | 2.15 | 1.07 | 0.36 |
| Example 2 | 4.22 | 2.08 | 1.04 | 0.32 |
| Example 3 | 4.20 | 2.02 | 1.01 | 0.29 |
| Comparative example | 0.56 | 0.26 | 0.14 | 0.07 |
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The improvement synergist for the forest planting soil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
10-20 parts of zeolite, 4-10 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 2-6 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-22 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 1-3 parts of EDTA metal chelate, 1-2 parts of dicyandiamide and 8-20 parts of bean dreg zymolyte, wherein:
the mixed microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of azotobacter chroococcum, 2-4 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 3-6 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus or bacillus circulans, 7-10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 6-8 parts of actinomycetes and 3-5 parts of pseudomonas;
the EDTA metal chelate is one or more of EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn and EDTA-Fe.
2. The improvement synergist for forest planting soil according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components by weight:
16-18 parts of zeolite, 7-8 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 3-4 parts of organic fertilizer, 16-18 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 1-2 parts of EDTA metal chelate, 1.4 parts of dicyandiamide and 15-18 parts of bean dreg zymolyte, wherein:
the mixed microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of azotobacter chroococcum, 3-4 parts of phosphorus-dissolving bacteria, 4-5 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus or bacillus circulans, 7-8 parts of bacillus subtilis, 7-8 parts of actinomycetes and 3-4 parts of pseudomonas.
3. The improvement synergist for forest planting soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein said organic fertilizer is fermentation product of organic material or stack retting biogas residue, and its moisture content is less than 20%.
4. The improvement synergist for forest planting soil according to claim 3, wherein the organic matter raw material comprises straw, livestock and poultry manure, cake pulp, bagasse and wood chips.
5. The improving and enhancing agent for forest planting soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total nutrient content of said organic fertilizer is not less than 6%, and said total nutrient comprises N, P%2O5And K2O。
6. The improvement synergist for forest planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the zeolite is clinoptilolite and/or mordenite which is soaked in an acidic sodium chloride solution, and the particle size of the zeolite is 30-60 meshes.
7. The improvement synergist for forest planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the bean dregs zymolyte comprises the following steps:
s1, freeze-drying the by-product in the process of producing soymilk or bean curd, grinding to obtain bean dregs powder with the particle size of 50-80 meshes, adding amylase and microbial lipase for primary enzymolysis, and filtering after enzymolysis to obtain first filter residue;
s2, adding alkaline protease, flavourzyme and cellulase into the dried and crushed first filter residue for secondary enzymolysis, and drying after enzymolysis to obtain the bean dreg zymolyte.
8. The improvement synergist for forest planting soil according to claim 7, wherein the addition amounts of amylase and microbial lipase are respectively 1-2% and 1.5-2.5% of the mass of the bean dregs powder; the addition amounts of the alkaline protease, the flavourzyme and the cellulase are respectively 1-1.6%, 0.2-0.9% and 1.2-1.8% of the weight of the bean dreg powder.
9. The method for preparing the improving synergist for forest planting soil according to one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
s1, adjusting the total nutrient content of the organic fertilizer by using a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer to ensure that the total nutrient content is not less than 6%;
s2, crushing zeolite to a required particle size, adding 5 wt.% of sodium chloride solution with the pH value of 1 for soaking, filtering and washing until a washing liquid is neutral, fully stirring and mixing the dried zeolite and the mixed microbial inoculum, adding S1 the organic fertilizer, adding bean dreg zymolyte, continuously stirring, adding the desulfurized gypsum, the EDTA metal chelate and dicyandiamide, and discharging after the mixing is finished.
10. The method for applying the improving synergist for forest planting soil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the mixing ratio of the improving synergist for forest planting soil to soil is 1: (150-500).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114163275A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-11 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Soil conditioner with balanced microorganisms and preparation method thereof |
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