CN110615712A - Resource utilization method adopting waste materials of biological power plant - Google Patents
Resource utilization method adopting waste materials of biological power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN110615712A CN110615712A CN201910914037.8A CN201910914037A CN110615712A CN 110615712 A CN110615712 A CN 110615712A CN 201910914037 A CN201910914037 A CN 201910914037A CN 110615712 A CN110615712 A CN 110615712A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A resource utilization method adopting waste materials of a biological power plant relates to the technical field of waste material utilization of the biological power plant, and the waste materials of the biological power plant are prepared into a soil conditioner which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of animal waste; 10-15 parts of straw; 3-4 parts of zeolite; 5-6 parts of bentonite; 2-3 parts of vermiculite; adjusting the pH value: 6.0-6.5. The invention has the following advantages: through the mutual matching of the animal waste, the plant straw, the bentonite, the zeolite and the vermiculite system, the toxic action of heavy metals can be effectively inhibited, the effectiveness of trace elements in soil can be improved, the nutrient environment of crop roots can be improved, the soil structure and the water retention property can be effectively improved, and the continuity of the soil improvement effect of the soil conditioner can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of utilization of waste materials of a biological power plant, in particular to a resource utilization method adopting the waste materials of the biological power plant.
Background
A biological power plant is also called a biomass power plant, and refers to a plant for generating electricity by using biomass. The waste materials of the biological power plant generally comprise fermented animal wastes and plant straws, and both the animal wastes and the plant straws have great utilization value in agriculture.
The soil conditioner is also called soil conditioner, and is a material capable of improving soil physical properties and promoting nutrient absorption of crops. The soil amendment utility principle is to bind many small soil particles to form large, water-stable aggregates. The method is widely applied to the aspects of preventing soil from being corroded, reducing water evaporation or excessive transpiration of the soil, saving irrigation water and promoting healthy growth of plants.
Chinese patent with publication number CN105969372A discloses a soil conditioner with plant ash in a power plant as a main raw material, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 54-56 parts of plant ash of a power plant, 1.9-2.3 parts of sodium molybdate, 3.6-3.9 parts of whey powder, 14-16 parts of oil cake, 10-11 parts of grain slag, 15-17 parts of fruit peel, 2.3-2.5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 42-44 parts of polluted pig manure, 13-14 parts of papermaking black liquor, 2.7-2.8 parts of 10% nitric acid solution, 13-14 parts of alum pulp and a proper amount of water.
However, although the soil conditioner can improve the fertility of soil, the improvement on the water retention function is limited, so that the fertilizer and the conditioner have the defect of easy loss, are not beneficial to the growth of plant roots and need to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a resource utilization method of waste materials of a biological power plant, which can effectively improve the water retention function of soil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a resource utilization method adopting waste materials of a biological power plant is characterized in that the waste materials of the biological power plant are prepared into a soil conditioner, and the soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight:
by adopting the technical scheme, the fermented animal wastes and straws can be used as organic fertilizers of crops, have strong cation replacement capacity, can absorb more elements such as potassium, ammonium, magnesium, zinc and the like, simultaneously contain a plurality of substances such as organic acid, humic acid, hydroxyl and the like, have strong chelating capacity, can be chelated with a plurality of metal elements such as manganese, aluminum, iron and the like to form chelates, can neutralize alkaline substances in soil and prevent soil hardening to form organic-inorganic aggregates, improve the physical properties of the soil, improve the stress resistance of the soil and form a good soil ecological environment. The organic matter is decomposed to produce humic acid, vitamins, antibiotics and various enzymes, so that the nutrient environment of the crop root system is improved, the growth and development of the crop root system and the overground part are promoted, and the nutrient absorption capacity of the crop is improved. The organic acid generated by the decomposition of the organic matters can also improve the effectiveness of trace elements in the soil. The organic fertilizer can provide various beneficial bacteria, improve the utilization rate of waste materials and reduce the harm of soil-borne diseases.
The bentonite has certain expansion, dispersibility, adhesiveness and the like, and can increase the number of aggregates, increase the porosity of soil and reduce the volume weight of the soil when applied to the soil, thereby playing a role in improving the soil structure. The zeolite has good water storage capacity, can effectively improve the water content of plough layer soil by 1-2% after being applied into the soil, and can increase the field water holding capacity of the plough layer soil by 5-15% under the drought condition, thereby effectively improving the water holding capacity of the soil.
In addition, the zeolite has strong adsorption capacity and high cation exchange capacity, and can promote the release of nutrients in soil. Zeolite can adsorbAnd P, adsorbedAnd P is mostly desorbable, and the zeolite can also activate soil incompatibility P and improve soil potassium supply. In addition, the bentonite and the vermiculite also have the function of fertilizer retention, and can bring major elements and trace elements required by plant growth to soil.
The vermiculite and the zeolite can also adsorb sodium ions and chloride ions in the soil, so that the salinity in the soil is reduced, the alkalization degree is reduced, the pH value of the soil is buffered, and the total salt content of the soil can also be reduced by the bentonite.
Through the mutual matching of the animal waste, the plant straw, the bentonite, the zeolite and the vermiculite system, the toxic action of heavy metals can be effectively inhibited, the effectiveness of trace elements in soil can be improved, the nutrient environment of crop roots can be improved, the soil structure and the water retention property can be effectively improved, and the continuity of the soil improvement effect of the soil conditioner can be ensured.
Further, the raw material comprises 2-3 parts of lignite by weight.
By adopting the technical scheme, the brown coal has small volume weight, is not sticky, has high contents of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, is rich in a large amount of organic active ingredients for stimulating the growth of crops and the propagation of rhizosphere microorganisms, and has double effects of improving the growth of the crops and the micro-ecological environment of soil.
Further, the raw materials comprise 1-3 parts by weight of chitin.
By adopting the technical scheme, the application of the chitin in soil improvement mainly has the following aspects: (1) the chitin can effectively improve the granular structure of soil, and can form a layer of film on the surface of the soil, thereby having the function of preserving soil moisture. (2) The chitin can improve soil to increase the content of mineralized nitrogen in the soil, so that the effectiveness of nitrogen in the soil is improved. (3) The chitin can promote the growth of actinomycetes and other beneficial microorganisms such as azotobacter, cellulolytic bacteria, lactobacillus and actinomycetes in soil, and can inhibit the propagation and growth of harmful bacteria such as mould and filamentous bacteria in soil, so as to prevent and treat soil-borne diseases. (4) Improve plant activity, promote plant growth and increase yield.
Further, the raw material comprises 1-2 parts by weight of polyacrylamide.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polyacrylamide can effectively improve the soil structure, the number of soil macro aggregates is increased, the surface roughness of the soil is increased, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the total porosity and the capillary porosity of the soil are increased, and then the soil particles and the pore structure are kept stable, so that the soil enters the soilThe permeability is obviously improved, and the water content of the soil is improved. The content of organic matters, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and quick-acting potassium in the soil can be increased by applying polyacrylamide in the soil, and the soil pair can be increased by mixing the polyacrylamide with the soilK+、The leaching loss is reduced. Under the coordination of the system, the improvement effect of polyacrylamide on soil and the promotion effect on crop growth can be ensured by applying lower amount of polyacrylamide.
Further, the raw materials comprise 0.5 to 1 portion of polyethylene glycol according to the weight portion.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polyethylene glycol has good dispersibility, so that the soil can be improved more uniformly under the action of the soil conditioner, and the matching effect of the conditioner system is improved. In addition, polyethylene glycol can also inhibit degradation of polyacrylamide, thereby reducing the monomer content of acrylamide in soil.
Further, the animal manure and the straws are both subjected to decomposition treatment.
By adopting the technical scheme, organic matters which are not easy to decompose in the animal waste and the straws can be decomposed by the fermentation of microorganisms to generate effective fertilizer, and humus is also formed at the same time to improve the nutrient content and facilitate the absorption of crops.
Further, the preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1, sterilizing the animal waste;
s2, chopping the straws, mixing the chopped straws with animal wastes, and carrying out decomposition treatment;
s3, adding zeolite, bentonite, vermiculite, lignite, chitin, polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol into the decomposed straw and animal waste, and uniformly mixing;
s4, adjusting the pH value to 6.0-6.5.
Further, the application method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1, digging a ditch in the planting row, filling the ditch with soil conditioner and uniformly spreading;
s2, covering soil and watering;
s3, uniformly drilling a plurality of holes in the soil covering part, wherein the depth of the holes reaches the soil conditioner layer;
and S4, waiting for permanent planting.
By adopting the technical scheme, the permeability and the air permeability of the soil can be improved through the punching mode, so that the moisture can smoothly permeate into a plant root system layer, and the water and fertilizer loss can be reduced through punching, and the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved; on the other hand, the chitin can form a film on the soil surface through punching, so that the effect of preserving soil moisture is achieved.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the fermented animal wastes and straws can be used as organic fertilizers for crops, have strong cation replacement capacity, can absorb more elements such as potassium, ammonium, magnesium, zinc and the like, simultaneously contain a plurality of substances such as organic acid, humic acid, hydroxyl and the like, have strong chelating capacity, can chelate with a plurality of metal elements such as manganese, aluminum, iron and the like to form chelates, can neutralize alkaline substances in soil and prevent soil hardening, form organic-inorganic aggregates, improve the physical properties of the soil, improve the stress resistance of the soil and form good soil ecological environment. The organic matter is decomposed to produce humic acid, vitamins, antibiotics and various enzymes, so that the nutrient environment of the crop root system is improved, the growth and development of the crop root system and the overground part are promoted, and the nutrient absorption capacity of the crop is improved. The organic acid generated by the decomposition of the organic matters can also improve the effectiveness of trace elements in the soil. The organic fertilizer can provide various beneficial bacteria, improve the utilization rate of waste materials and reduce the harm of soil-borne diseases.
2. The bentonite has certain expansion, dispersibility, adhesiveness and the like, and can increase the number of aggregates, increase the porosity of soil and reduce the volume weight of the soil when applied to the soil, thereby playing a role in improving the soil structure. Zeolite, process for producing the same and use thereofThe soil water-retaining agent has good water-retaining capacity, can effectively improve the water content of plough layer soil by 1-2% after being applied into the soil, and can increase the field water-retaining capacity of the plough layer soil by 5-15% under the drought condition, thereby effectively improving the water-retaining capacity of the soil. In addition, the zeolite has strong adsorption capacity and high cation exchange capacity, and can promote the release of nutrients in soil. Zeolite can adsorbAnd P, adsorbedAnd P is mostly desorbable, and the zeolite can also activate soil incompatibility P and improve soil potassium supply. In addition, the bentonite and the vermiculite also have the function of fertilizer retention, and can bring major elements and trace elements required by plant growth to soil.
3. The application of chitin in soil improvement mainly has the following aspects: (1) the chitin can effectively improve the granular structure of soil, and can form a layer of film on the surface of the soil, thereby having the function of preserving soil moisture. (2) The chitin can improve soil to increase the content of mineralized nitrogen in the soil, so that the effectiveness of nitrogen in the soil is improved. (3) The chitin can promote the growth of actinomycetes and other beneficial microorganisms such as azotobacter, cellulolytic bacteria, lactobacillus and actinomycetes in soil, and can inhibit the propagation and growth of harmful bacteria such as mould and filamentous bacteria in soil, so as to prevent and treat soil-borne diseases. (4) Improve plant activity, promote plant growth and increase yield.
4. Polyacrylamide can effectively improve the soil structure, increase the number of soil macro-aggregates, increase the surface roughness of soil, reduce the volume weight of soil, increase the total porosity and the capillary porosity of soil, further keep the soil particles and the pore structure stable, obviously improve the infiltration rate of soil and improve the water content of soil. The content of organic matters, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and quick-acting potassium in the soil can be increased by applying polyacrylamide in the soil, and the soil pair can be increased by mixing the polyacrylamide with the soilK+、The leaching loss is reduced. Under the coordination of the system, the improvement effect of polyacrylamide on soil and the promotion effect on crop growth can be ensured by applying lower amount of polyacrylamide.
5. The polyethylene glycol has good dispersibility, so that the soil can be improved more uniformly under the action of the soil conditioner, and the matching effect of the conditioner system is further improved. In addition, polyethylene glycol can also inhibit degradation of polyacrylamide, thereby reducing the monomer content of acrylamide in soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a production process in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method of administration of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples.
Examples
Example 1
A resource utilization method of waste materials of a biological power plant is adopted, the waste materials of the biological power plant are prepared into a soil conditioner, and the components of the soil conditioner are shown in the table 1 according to the parts by weight.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1, sterilizing the animal waste;
s2, chopping the straws, mixing the chopped straws with animal wastes, and carrying out decomposition treatment;
s3, adding zeolite, bentonite, vermiculite, lignite, chitin, polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol into the decomposed straw and animal waste, and uniformly mixing;
s4, adjusting the pH value to 6.0.
Wherein the pH regulator is citric acid.
As shown in fig. 2, the application method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1, digging a ditch with the width of 70cm and the depth of 20cm in the planting rows, filling the soil conditioner into the ditch and uniformly spreading the soil conditioner, wherein the filling height is 10 cm;
s2, covering soil for 20cm and watering;
s3, drilling three rows of holes in the soil covering part, wherein the row spacing is 20cm, the hole spacing is 20cm, and the hole depth reaches the soil conditioner layer;
and S4, waiting for permanent planting.
Example 2
A resource utilization method of waste materials of a biological power plant is adopted, the waste materials of the biological power plant are prepared into a soil conditioner, and the components of the soil conditioner are shown in the table 1 according to the parts by weight.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1, sterilizing the animal waste;
s2, chopping the straws, mixing the chopped straws with animal wastes, and carrying out decomposition treatment;
s3, adding zeolite, bentonite, vermiculite, lignite, chitin, polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol into the decomposed straw and animal waste, and uniformly mixing;
s4, adjusting the pH value to 6.5.
Wherein the pH regulator is citric acid.
The application method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1, digging a ditch with the width of 70cm and the depth of 20cm in the planting rows, filling the soil conditioner into the ditch and uniformly spreading the soil conditioner, wherein the filling height is 10 cm;
s2, covering soil for 22cm and watering;
s3, drilling three rows of holes in the soil covering part, wherein the row spacing is 20cm, the hole spacing is 20cm, and the hole depth reaches the soil conditioner layer;
and S4, waiting for permanent planting.
Example 3
A resource utilization method of waste materials of a biological power plant is adopted, the waste materials of the biological power plant are prepared into a soil conditioner, and the components of the soil conditioner are shown in the table 1 according to the parts by weight.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1, sterilizing the animal waste;
s2, chopping the straws, mixing the chopped straws with animal wastes, and carrying out decomposition treatment;
s3, adding zeolite, bentonite, vermiculite, lignite, chitin, polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol into the decomposed straw and animal waste, and uniformly mixing;
s4, adjusting the pH value to 6.5.
Wherein the pH regulator is citric acid.
The application method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1, digging a ditch with the width of 70cm and the depth of 20cm in the planting rows, filling the soil conditioner into the ditch and uniformly spreading the soil conditioner, wherein the filling height is 10 cm;
s2, covering soil for 25cm and watering;
s3, drilling three rows of holes in the soil covering part, wherein the row spacing is 20cm, the hole spacing is 20cm, and the hole depth reaches the soil conditioner layer;
and S4, waiting for permanent planting.
Example 4
The difference from the example 2 is that the raw material components of the soil conditioner are shown in the table 1 according to the parts by weight.
Example 5
The difference from the example 2 is that the raw material components of the soil conditioner are shown in the table 1 according to the parts by weight.
Example 6
The difference from the example 2 is that the raw material components of the soil conditioner are shown in the table 1 according to the parts by weight.
Example 7
The difference from example 2 is that tartaric acid is used as the pH adjuster.
Comparative example
The difference from the example 2 is that the raw material components of the soil conditioner are shown in the table 1 according to the parts by weight.
Performance test
The bulk density and the total porosity of each group of sample soil were measured by the ring cutter method, and the results are shown in table 2.
The water content of each group of sample soil was measured by alcohol combustion, and the results are shown in table 2.
The acrylamide monomer content of the sample soil (stored for 6 months in advance) was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the results are shown in Table 2 (the acrylamide monomer content is indicated by "+", and the more "+" indicates the higher the acrylamide monomer content).
TABLE 1 (soil conditioner formula table)
Table 2 (test result table)
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A resource utilization method adopting waste materials of a biological power plant is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing the waste of the biological power plant into a soil conditioner, wherein the soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight,
15-25 parts of animal waste;
10-15 parts of straw;
3-4 parts of zeolite;
5-6 parts of bentonite;
2-3 parts of vermiculite;
adjusting the pH value: 6.0-6.5.
2. The resource utilization method using the waste of the biological power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil conditioner comprises 2-3 parts of lignite by weight.
3. The resource utilization method using the waste of the biological power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil conditioner comprises 1-3 parts of chitin by weight.
4. The resource utilization method using the waste of the biological power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil conditioner comprises 1-2 parts of polyacrylamide according to parts by weight.
5. The resource utilization method using the waste of the biological power plant according to claim 4, wherein: the soil conditioner comprises 0.5-1 part of polyethylene glycol in parts by weight.
6. The resource utilization method using the waste of the biological power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: and decomposing the animal wastes and the straws.
7. The resource utilization method using the waste of the biological power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps,
s1, sterilizing the animal waste;
s2, chopping the straws, mixing the chopped straws with animal wastes, and carrying out decomposition treatment;
s3, adding zeolite, bentonite, vermiculite, lignite, chitin, polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol into the decomposed straw and animal waste, and uniformly mixing;
s4, adjusting the pH value to 6.0-6.5.
8. The resource utilization method using the waste of the biological power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the application method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps,
s1, digging a ditch in the planting row, filling the ditch with soil conditioner and uniformly spreading;
s2, covering soil and watering;
s3, uniformly drilling a plurality of holes in the soil covering part, wherein the depth of the holes reaches the soil conditioner layer;
and S4, waiting for permanent planting.
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| CN114958386A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-08-30 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Soil hardening improver for forest land and preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN115505403A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2022-12-23 | 山东农业大学 | Improvement material for rapidly improving soil fertility of supplementary cultivated land and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20191227 |
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