CN113207454A - Non-test-tube rapid propagation and efficient rooting technology for cedrela sinensis branches - Google Patents
Non-test-tube rapid propagation and efficient rooting technology for cedrela sinensis branches Download PDFInfo
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- CN113207454A CN113207454A CN202110649041.3A CN202110649041A CN113207454A CN 113207454 A CN113207454 A CN 113207454A CN 202110649041 A CN202110649041 A CN 202110649041A CN 113207454 A CN113207454 A CN 113207454A
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- 241000425037 Toona sinensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 235000011783 Cedrela sinensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
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- 206010006451 bronchitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种香椿枝条非试管快繁高效生根技术，包括基质的处理、香椿枝条处理、插穗处理、插穗扦插、扦插后管理等步骤。本发明优势：基于扦插枝条的一芽一枝生根技术，利用香椿枝条的一芽一枝作为插穗，生根效率高，繁殖系数高，一芽一枝的插穗生根率在85％以上，繁殖系数比常规扦插提高4‑5倍；扦插基质地铺设电线调节插穗基质温度和基部磁场，提高了生根率；在插穗扦插前，除掉顶芽，枝条侧芽部位喷施6‑BA和GA3，解除腋芽的休眠和顶芽对腋芽的抑制，促进腋芽提前萌发，腋芽萌发后有利于不定根的形成，后将含有一枝一芽的枝条作为插穗用清水中浸泡，以防止枝条失水萎蔫，同时溶解枝条中部分生根抑制物质，进而亦提高生根率。
The invention provides a non-test-tube fast propagation and high-efficiency rooting technology for toona sinensis branches, which includes the steps of substrate treatment, toona sinensis branch treatment, cuttings treatment, cuttings and cuttings, and post-cutting management. Advantages of the invention: based on the one bud and one branch rooting technology of cutting branches, using one bud and one branch of Toona sinensis branches as cuttings, the rooting efficiency is high, the reproduction coefficient is high, the rooting rate of one bud and one branch is above 85%, and the reproduction coefficient is higher than that of conventional cuttings. 4-5 times; laying wires in the cutting matrix to adjust the temperature of the cutting matrix and the magnetic field at the base, and improve the rooting rate; before cuttings, remove the terminal buds, and spray 6-BA and GA3 on the lateral buds of the branches to relieve the dormancy and top of the axillary buds. The inhibition of axillary buds by buds can promote the early germination of axillary buds. After axillary buds germinate, it is conducive to the formation of adventitious roots. Afterwards, the branches containing one branch and one bud are soaked in clean water as cuttings to prevent the branches from losing water and wilting, and at the same time, part of the rooting inhibitory substances in the branches are dissolved. , which also increases the rooting rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant propagation, in particular to a non-test-tube rapid propagation and efficient rooting technology for cedrela sinensis branches.
Background
Chinese toon (Toona sinensis Roem) belongs to the Toona genus of the meliaceae family, and is a perennial high deciduous tree which is native to China, woody plants cultivated by feeding tender stems and leaves have a long cultivation history in China, have high nutritional value and medicinal value, are typical traditional woody vegetables with homology of medicine and food, and are popular with China for 2300 years. Especially the tender shoots and young leaves of the Chinese toon are regarded as good flavor products by people due to the unique flavor and rich nutrition.
The germplasm area in the country reaches ten million mu, and high-quality vegetable toona sinensis seedlings are extremely deficient, which seriously influences the continuous and healthy development of the vegetable toona sinensis industry. The outdoor dwarf close planting cultivation density is up to 3000-4000 plants/mu, the close planting anti-season cultivation density of the greenhouse needs 6-8 ten thousand plants/mu, the open 15-20 mu needs to support the anti-season greenhouse of one mu, the number of high-quality seedlings needed per year is more than 200 hundred million plants, the high-quality seedlings in production practice are insufficient in quantity and cannot meet the requirements of planting production in quality.
At present, two modes of seed division propagation and vegetative propagation are mainly adopted in production. The high-quality Chinese toon seeds are limited, the Chinese toon is a male and female plant, most of the seeds are hybridized, the number of hybrids is large, the character separation of offspring seedlings bred by the seeds is serious, the seedling differentiation is large, the growth vigor is uneven, and the excellent characters of female parents are difficult to maintain; the vegetative propagation seedling mainly adopts root-tillering seedling, root cutting and branch cutting technologies, the root-tillering propagation coefficient is low, the cost is high, the survival rate is low, the propagation coefficient and the propagation efficiency of the traditional root cutting and branch cutting are low, and the production requirement can not be met. The selected excellent plant line is propagated by adopting the asexual rapid propagation technology, so that not only can a large number of plants be obtained in a short time, but also the excellent characters of the mother tree can be maintained. Therefore, the research on the rapid propagation technology of the excellent strains of the Chinese toon is urgently needed to be solved in the current production in order to shorten the production period, improve the economic benefit and accelerate the research on the rapid propagation technology of the excellent strains of the Chinese toon.
The non-test tube rapid propagation technology is an innovative asexual rapid propagation technology between a cutting technology and a tissue culture technology, wherein the non-test tube rapid propagation technology is characterized in that branches containing one bud are taken as propagation materials, the branches are inserted into a seedbed to induce cutting slips to root after being treated by a special technology, the cutting slips germinate and root, and finally plants are grown. The technique has high propagation coefficient, can efficiently utilize experimental materials, shortens the rooting time, improves the survival rate of cuttings and further realizes the large-scale industrial production of high-quality nursery stocks. In order to realize the rapid propagation of high-quality Chinese toon, the invention takes the cutting shoot of an annual branch of a high-quality Chinese toon seedling containing one lateral bud as a cuttage unit, improves the rooting efficiency and the propagation coefficient by changing the cuttage mode, and establishes the Chinese toon 'non-test tube' rapid propagation technology with high propagation coefficient, high rooting rate and short rooting time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low propagation coefficient and propagation efficiency, high cost and low survival rate in the prior art, and provides a non-test-tube rapid propagation and efficient rooting technology for cedrela sinensis branches, which has the advantages of high propagation coefficient, high propagation efficiency, high rooting rate, short rooting time, high survival rate and low cost.
In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a non-tube rapid propagation and efficient rooting technology for cedrela sinensis branches, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) treatment of substrates
Sterilizing the cuttage matrix; paving a geothermal wire in the cuttage area, and then covering the cuttage matrix with the thickness of 0.35-40cm on the geothermal wire for later use;
2) treatment of cedrela sinensis branches
Cutting off terminal bud of Toona sinensis branch, spraying GA at axillary bud3And 6-BA mixtures;
3) cutting treatment of cedrela sinensis
Grading the cedrela sinensis branches treated in the step 2) from the top, wherein each cutting shoot contains a complete axillary bud, soaking the whole cut shoot after being spliced in clear water, then soaking in IBA, and draining to be subjected to cuttage;
4) cutting of the cutting slips of Chinese toon
Cutting the cutting slips treated in the step 3) into the cutting medium in the step 1);
5) post-cuttage management
Immediately performing inter-shed management after cuttage, spraying the cuttage shoots with a mixture of 10mg/L IBA and 10mg/L NAA on the same day after cuttage of the cuttage shoots is completed, and spraying for 5 seconds each time by using a spraying system on the next day, wherein the spraying frequency is 1 time per hour, and the spraying lasts for 2 weeks from 8 am to 18 am according to the parameters; from the third week, 1 spray every 2 hours for 10 seconds from 8 am to 18 am; spraying IBA (infectious bronchitis agent) of 20mg/L at 19 points every day on the base part of the cutting close to the seedbed from the 2 nd day after cutting of the cutting, and continuously spraying for 6 days; spraying monopotassium phosphate with the mass percentage of 0.1% from the top of the cutting slips at 19 o' clock in the 8 th day after cutting, and continuously spraying for 2 weeks; after axillary buds germinate, the monopotassium phosphate is sprayed once at intervals of 1 day, the spraying time is 6 points in the morning, and the spraying time is 5-7 times in total; on the day when the cuttage of the cutting slips is finished, the electrifying duration of the geotherm is from 8 th earlier to 19 th later, so that the temperature of the cutting slip matrix is kept at 14-16 ℃, the temperature difference with air is kept at 5-10 ℃, and the electrifying duration is 3 weeks; after cuttage, the temperature and the humidity of the white sky in the greenhouse are kept between 20 and 25 ℃, the humidity is kept between 75 and 80 percent, the greenhouse is ventilated for 1 to 2 times in the day, the ventilation time is about 30 minutes each time, and the air permeability of the cuttage matrix is kept.
Preferably, the cutting substrate in step 1) is fine sand and soil according to a volume of 8: 2 in proportion; the disinfection and sterilization method comprises the steps of disinfecting and sterilizing a substrate by using 10mg/L potassium permanganate solution every day, spraying while turning, continuously disinfecting for 3-4 days, standing for 3-4 days, covering with a black film, and turning over the substrate once in the period.
Further preferably, the cedrela sinensis branches in the step 2) are treated by spraying 0.02mg/L of GA at axillary buds of the branches every other day within 10 days after the terminal buds are cut off3And 0.02mg/L of a 6-BA mixture.
Further preferably, the soaking in clear water in the step 3) is carried out for 30 minutes; the IBA is soaked in 200mg/L of IBA, the soaked part is the part close to the ground of the Chinese toon cutting shoot, the soaking depth is 1/3-1/2 parts of the branch, and the soaking time is 30 minutes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method has high non-test-tube rapid propagation rooting efficiency and high propagation coefficient. The method is based on a one-bud one-branch rooting technology of the cutting branches, one bud one branch of the Chinese toon branches is used as the cutting shoot, the rooting rate of the cutting shoot of one bud one branch is more than 85%, and the propagation coefficient is improved by 4-5 times compared with that of the conventional cutting;
2. wires are laid on the cutting base to adjust the temperature of the cutting base and the magnetic field of the base of the cutting, so that the rooting rate is improved;
3. according to the method, before cutting of the cutting slips, terminal buds are removed through splicing, 6-BA and GA3 are sprayed on lateral bud parts of cedrela sinensis branches, the dormancy effect of axillary buds and the inhibition effect of the terminal buds on the axillary buds are relieved, the axillary buds are promoted to germinate in advance, and the formation of adventitious roots is facilitated after the axillary buds germinate; and then, soaking the branches containing one branch and one bud as cutting slips in clear water for 30 minutes to prevent the cedrela sinensis branches from water loss and wilting, and simultaneously dissolving part of rooting inhibiting substances in the branches to further improve the rooting rate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan hot-line laying diagram of a cuttage region;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing callus formation on the phloem of the base of the cutting on day 15;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the sprouting of axillary buds of the cutting on the 20 th day and new leaves;
FIG. 4 is one of the pictures of adventitious roots formed at the base of the cutting after day 25;
FIG. 5 is a second drawing of adventitious roots formed at the base of the cutting after day 25;
FIG. 6 is the adventitious root map of shoot growth at the base of the cutting on day 50.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It is intended that all modifications or alterations to the steps or conditions of the present invention be made without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof.
Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Example one
1) Treatment of substrates
And (3) fine sand and soil are added into the greenhouse according to the volume of 8: 2, taking the mixture as a cuttage matrix, disinfecting and sterilizing the matrix by using 10mg/L potassium permanganate solution every day, spraying while turning over, continuously disinfecting for 3 days, standing for 3 days, covering with a black film, and turning over the matrix once in the period. Dividing 4 repeated areas of 1.6m multiplied by 1.6m according to a pre-designed cuttage area (area is 4m multiplied by 4m) in the greenhouse, parallelly and serially laying 20 rows of geotherm lines according to the row spacing of 20cm (figure 1), and then covering cuttage matrixes with the thickness of 0.35-40cm on the geotherm lines for later use.
2) Treatment of cedrela sinensis branches
Selecting annual robust Chinese toon branches without insect pests and with full axillary buds in the middle ten days of 2 months to 3 months, and spraying GA at axillary buds of the branches within 10 days after cutting off terminal buds every other day3(0.02mg/L) and 6-BA (0.02mg/L) to release dormancy of axillary buds.
3) Cutting treatment of cedrela sinensis
And (3) on the 11 th day, grading the cedrela sinensis branches from the top, wherein each cutting shoot contains a complete axillary bud, namely each cutting shoot is a bud, the axillary bud of each branch is close to the 1/3 position at the top, the end close to the ground of the cutting shoot is spliced into an inverted wedge shape, the whole cutting shoot after being spliced is placed in clear water and soaked for 30 minutes, and the purpose is to prevent the cedrela sinensis branches from water loss and wilting, simultaneously dissolve part of rooting inhibiting substances in the branches and improve the rooting rate.
Dividing the cutting into four equal parts after grading is finished, soaking the cutting in 200mg/L IBA, wherein the soaking part is the part close to the ground of the cutting of the Chinese toon, the soaking depth is 1/3-1/2 parts of branches, the soaking time is 30 minutes, and draining to be ready for cutting.
4) Cutting of the cutting slips of Chinese toon
And (4) preparing cuttage for the treated cedrela sinensis branches in a matrix in a greenhouse. Punching a hole on a substrate by using a wood stick, then planting the cutting slips into the holes for cuttage, wherein the cuttage depth is determined according to the lengths of the cutting slips and is generally about 1/3-1/2 of the cutting slips, after the cutting, the substrate around the cutting slips is compressed, and in 4 repeated 1.6m multiplied by 1.6m cuttage areas, 800 cutting slips are planted in each repeated area according to the row spacing (8cm) and the plant spacing (4cm) in the same row during cuttage.
5) Post-cuttage management
And immediately performing inter-shed management after cuttage. And (3) spraying the mixture of plant growth regulators IBA (10mg/L) and NAA (10mg/L) on the cutting on the same day after the cutting of the cutting, spraying from the upper part of the cutting downwards, and spraying the cutting with moisture. Starting to use a spraying system on the next day, spraying for 1 time per hour at a spraying frequency of 5 seconds each time, spraying for 11 times/day from 8 am to 18 am, and setting the spraying duration to be 2 weeks according to the parameters; from the third week, 1 spray was performed every 2 hours for 10 seconds from 8 am to 18 am for a total of 6 sprays/day. IBA (20mg/L) is sprayed on the base part of the cutting close to the seedbed for 1 time at 19 points every day from the 2 nd day after cutting of the cutting, and the IBA is continuously sprayed for 6 days; spraying monopotassium phosphate with the mass percentage of 0.1% from the top of the cutting slips at 19 o' clock in the 8 th day after cutting, and continuously spraying for 2 weeks; after the axillary buds germinate, the monopotassium phosphate is sprayed once at intervals of 1 day, the spraying time is 6 points in the morning, and the spraying time is 7 times in total, so that nutrients required by the growth of the seedlings are supplemented. On the day after the cutting of the cutting is finished, the duration of the ground wire electrifying time is from 8 points earlier to 19 points later, so that the temperature of the cutting substrate is kept at about 14-16 ℃, the temperature difference with the air is kept between 5-10 ℃, and the electrifying time is 3 weeks.
After cuttage, according to the weather of cloudy and sunny days and the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse, the shading net is pulled open or pulled up, so that the temperature of the white sky in the greenhouse is kept between 20 and 25 ℃, the humidity is kept between 75 and 80 percent, and the temperature of the cuttage matrix is kept between 14 and 16 ℃ in the daytime. Ventilating the greenhouse for 1-2 times in the daytime, wherein the ventilation time is about 30 minutes each time, keeping the air permeability of the cuttage matrix and promoting the generation of adventitious roots.
And (4) counting the rooting rate in about 4-5 weeks after cuttage. And observing the base of the cutting shoot about 15 days after cutting, and observing once every 3 days after the callus grows out. And (4) counting the rooting rate (the rooting rate is the number of the rooted branches/total number of the cuttings) in 30-35 days, wherein the rooting rate of the cedrela sinensis cuttings is more than 85%. 15-25 days after cuttage, the basal part is dedifferentiated to generate callus (figure 2), and axillary buds grow new tender branches and leaves (figure 3); after 25-30 days of cutting, the phloem of the cutting shoot appears white and protrudes to form smaller adventitious roots (figure 4); the adventitious roots and new leaves formed by cutting one shoot by one shoot are subjected to elongation growth, and the elongation growth condition of the adventitious roots after cutting is shown in figure 5.
Example two
This embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that: in the step 1), after continuously disinfecting the cutting medium for 4 days, placing the medium for 4 days; in the step 5), after the axillary buds germinate, the monopotassium phosphate is sprayed for 5 times.
EXAMPLE III
This embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that: in the step 1), after continuously disinfecting the cutting medium for 3 days, the medium is placed for 4 days; in the step 5), after the axillary buds germinate, the monopotassium phosphate is sprayed for 6 times.
Claims (4)
1. A non-tube rapid propagation and efficient rooting technology for Chinese toon branches is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) treatment of substrates
Sterilizing the cuttage matrix; paving a geothermal wire in the cuttage area, and then covering the cuttage matrix with the thickness of 0.35-40cm on the geothermal wire for later use;
2) treatment of cedrela sinensis branches
Cutting off terminal bud of Toona sinensis branch, spraying GA at axillary bud3And 6-BA mixtures;
3) cutting treatment of cedrela sinensis
Grading the cedrela sinensis branches treated in the step 2) from the top, wherein each cutting shoot contains a complete axillary bud, soaking the whole cut shoot after being spliced in clear water, then soaking in IBA, and draining to be subjected to cuttage;
4) cutting of the cutting slips of Chinese toon
Cutting the cutting slips treated in the step 3) into the cutting medium in the step 1);
5) post-cuttage management
Immediately performing inter-shed management after cuttage, spraying the cuttage shoots with a mixture of 10mg/L IBA and 10mg/L NAA on the same day after cuttage of the cuttage shoots is completed, and spraying for 5 seconds each time by using a spraying system on the next day, wherein the spraying frequency is 1 time per hour, and the spraying lasts for 2 weeks from 8 am to 18 am according to the parameters; from the third week, 1 spray every 2 hours for 10 seconds from 8 am to 18 am; spraying IBA (infectious bronchitis agent) of 20mg/L at 19 points every day on the base part of the cutting close to the seedbed from the 2 nd day after cutting of the cutting, and continuously spraying for 6 days; spraying monopotassium phosphate with the mass percentage of 0.1% from the top of the cutting slips at 19 o' clock in the 8 th day after cutting, and continuously spraying for 2 weeks; after axillary buds germinate, the monopotassium phosphate is sprayed once at intervals of 1 day, the spraying time is 6 points in the morning, and the spraying time is 5-7 times in total; on the day when the cuttage of the cutting slips is finished, the electrifying duration of the geotherm is from 8 th earlier to 19 th later, so that the temperature of the cutting slip matrix is kept at 14-16 ℃, the temperature difference with air is kept at 5-10 ℃, and the electrifying duration is 3 weeks; after cuttage, the temperature and the humidity of the white sky in the greenhouse are kept between 20 and 25 ℃, the humidity is kept between 75 and 80 percent, the greenhouse is ventilated for 1 to 2 times in the day, the ventilation time is about 30 minutes each time, and the air permeability of the cuttage matrix is kept.
2. The non-tube rapid propagation and efficient rooting technology for cedrela sinensis branches according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the cuttage substrate in the step 1) is prepared by mixing fine sand and soil according to the volume of 8: 2 in proportion; the disinfection and sterilization method comprises the steps of disinfecting and sterilizing a substrate by using 10mg/L potassium permanganate solution every day, spraying while turning, continuously disinfecting for 3-4 days, standing for 3-4 days, covering with a black film, and turning over the substrate once in the period.
3. The non-tube rapid propagation and efficient rooting technology for cedrela sinensis branches according to claim 2, characterized in that: step 2) theThe Chinese toon branches are treated by spraying GA 0.02mg/L at axillary buds of the branches within 10 days after the top buds are cut off and every other day3And 0.02mg/L of a 6-BA mixture.
4. The non-tube rapid propagation and efficient rooting technology for cedrela sinensis branches according to claim 3, characterized in that: soaking the product in clear water for 30 minutes in the step 3); the IBA is soaked in 200mg/L of IBA, the soaked part is the part close to the ground of the Chinese toon cutting shoot, the soaking depth is 1/3-1/2 parts of the branch, and the soaking time is 30 minutes.
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| CN115053705A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-09-16 | 扬州大学 | Method for promoting ornamental peony root section cuttage to generate adventitious buds |
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| CN101491215A (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2009-07-29 | 周玉玲 | Chinese toon tissue-culture quick propagation technique and culture medium proportion |
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| CN104737917A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-01 | 刘洋 | Cuttage rapid propagation method for cedrela sinensis test-tube plantlets |
| CN106358960A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-02-01 | 张建委 | High-reproductive-rate seedling culture method of cedrela sinensis |
| CN110326537A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-15 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | A kind of Chinese toon inducing clumping bud and enrichment procedure |
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